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Baada ya kuwafanyia usahili maelfu ya wakulima masikini

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katika nchi kama Nepal, Bangladesh, China, Mexico, na Zambia

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Nimejifunza kwamba utatuzi wa kivitendo katika umasikini uliokithiri

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unaweza kupatikana kwa kuwasikiliza watu hao masikini

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na sio toka kwa jeshi la wataalam wa umasikini duniani.

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Nimetengeneza hatua 12 za kivitendo kwa ajili ya utatuzi wa matatizo

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ambazo zimesaidia watu 17 milioni kuondokana na umasikini

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na kuwepo katika tabaka la kati milele.

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Hatua hizi 12 zinatumika vizuri pia katika kutafuta hatua za kivitendo za utatuzi

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katika matatizo makubwa ya kijamii ambayo unaweza ukawa unayafanyia kazi.

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Nimezielezea hatua hizi 12 katika kitabu changu cha, Out of Poverty.

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Kwa miaka mitano iliyopita nimekuwa nikifanyia kazi kitabu

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na hatimaye nimekimaliza.

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Imenichukua miaka mitano kuandika kurasa 200 tu.

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Kitabu kinaitwa Out of Poverty:

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What works when traditional approaches fail.

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Kwa kweli nimeandika kitabu hicho kuleta mapinduzi

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katika tunavyofikiri juu ya umasikini na yale tunayofanya juu yake.

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Hakitaweza kuleta mapinduzi chenyewe lakini nina imani kitasaidia.

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Kwa miaka 25 iliyopita maswali mawili yamegandama udadisi wangu.

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Nini kinawafanya watu masikini kuwa masikini?

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Na kitu gani wanaweza kufanya juu ya hali hiyo?

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Kwa sababu ya maswali haya mawili yanayokera,

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Nimekuwa na mazungumzo marefu na wamiliki maelfu wa eka moja katika nchi zinazoendelea.

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Nilichojifunza kimeleta uwezekano kwa IDE,

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asasi ya kimaendeleo niliyoianzisha miaka 25 iliyopita,

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kusaidia watu 17 milioni watu wa $1-kwa-siku kuondokana na umasikini milele.

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Hatua tatu za kwanza za utatuzi wa kivitendo wa matatizo ni

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yawezekana zilizo wazi zaidi, zilizo rahisi zaidi, na zinazofuatwa kwa kiwango kidogo zaidi.

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Ya kwanza ni kwenda pale tendo liliko.

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Uwezi ukakaa katika ofisi yako katika Benki ya Dunia

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na ukagundua jinsi ya kutatua matatizo ya umasikini Myanmar.

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Hatua ya 2, ongea na watu ambao wana hilo tatizo

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na sikiliza yale watakayosema.

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Katika miaka ya 1990, wataalam wa kilimo wa Bangladesh walisikitishwa

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na viwango finyu vya mbolea wakulima wa Bangladesh walivyotumia katika mazao yao ya mchele/mpunga (monsoon rice crops).

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Wakaanzisha programu za mafunzo kwa wakulima lakini hakuna kilichofanya kazi.

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Hatimaye, mtu mmoja akawauliza baadhi ya wakulima kwanini wanatumia kiwango kidogo sana cha mbolea.

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“Hilo rahisi,” walisema.

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“Kila baada ya miaka 10 hivi tunakuwa na mafuriko makubwa yanayosafisha kila kitu tulichopanda. ..."

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"... Kwa hiyo tunatumia kiwango sawia cha mbolea tunachoweza kumudu katika mafuriko ya miaka 10.”

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Punde wakulima hawa wakabadilishwa toka katika ujinga, woga,

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na kuwa watu wanaoweza kuwafundisha wataalam wa kilimo kitu fulani.

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Hatua ya 3, jifunze kila kitu kilichopo juu ya mazingira na hali halisi ya tatizo husika.

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Mazingira halisi ya watu 800 milioni

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kati ya watu 1.2 bilioni duniani wanaoishi kwa chini ya $2 kwa siku,

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ni kashamba kadogo chenye udongo usio na rutuba na hakuna umwagiliaji.

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Mashamba haya sanasana ni ya eka moja,

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na yamegawanywa katika ploti 4 au 5.

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Na hili ni wazo la nne,

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kama utagundua utatuzi juu ya tatizo hakuna sababu ya kuwa wastani.

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Baadhi ya matatizo makubwa sana duniani katika hali halisi yanahitaji utatuzi madhubuti/mkubwa

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ambao katika hali halisi ni utatuzi mdogomdogo unaotekelezwa mara maelfu na maelfu.

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Hatua ya 5, fikiri kama mtoto.

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Inakinzana kidogo kwamba kufikiri makubwa na kufikiri kama mtoto vinaenda pamoja, lakini inakuwa hivyo.

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Inabidi ufikiri kama mtoto ili kupata utatuzi ulio wazi juu ya tatizo kubwa ambalo watu wamelishindwa.

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Hatua ya 6, angalia na fanya kilicho wazi.

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Kama hatuwezi kuona upofu wetu ni vipi tutaona na kufanya kilicho wazi?

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Kujiweka katika tatizo kunasaidia.

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Hatua ya 7, kama tayari kuna mtu amekwisha buni hauhitajiki kufanya hivyo.

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Ni rahisi siku hizi kufuatilia utatuzi ambao tayari watu wameshautoa.

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Hatua ya 8, hakikisha mkabala wako una matokeo chanya yanayopimika na yanayoweza kukuzwa/kuwekwa katika skeli.

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Hatua ya 9, sanifu ukilenga bei fulani.

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Kumudu bei kunatawala mchakato wa usanifu kwa wateja masikini.

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Namba 10, fuata mipango ya kivitendo ya miaka 3.

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Bila kujali kiwango cha nguvu na ubadilishaji wa dunia katika dira yako juu ya mambo ya mbele,

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kama hautaweza kutafsiri katika mpango madhubuti ndani ya miaka mitatu ya mwanzo,

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hautaweza kufikia lengo.

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Hatua ya 11, endelea kujifunza toka kwa wateja wako.

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Nilipoanzisha IDE niliamua kwamba nitahudumu angalau wateja 100 kwa mwaka

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na nimefanya hivyo.

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Mpaka sasa nimehoji zaidi ya familia masikini za wakulima 3000,

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na nimetembea nao katika mashamba yao.

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Waliponiambia kwamba wamewekeza

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vipato vyao vipya toka kwenye treadle pump

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kwenye elimu ya watoto wao,

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tulisanifu taa ya umeme jua ya $12

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ili watoto wao waweze kusoma usiku.

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Waliposema wamewekeza

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sehemu ya fedha zao toka kwenye mifumo ya umwagiliaji ya dripu

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katika nyati wa maziwa ama katika idadi ya mbuzi,

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tulijifunza kila kitu kilichohitajika juu ya ufugaji mdogo

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na tukaanza kusaidia wakulima walio na miradi midogo ya ufugaji.

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Namba 12, usiyumbishwe na yale yanayosemwa na watu wengine.

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Katika kila kitu ambacho nimefanyia kazi

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na kugeuka kuwa mafanikio makubwa,

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Nimesikia watu wengi wakiniambia kwamba napoteza muda.

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Milioni moja na nusu ya treadle pumps baadae,

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tuna ekari mpya elfu 750 chini ya umwagiliaji.

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Kama ningewasikiliza watu waliosema ni kupoteza muda,

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tusingefika hapo.

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Kama una nia ya kuwa sehemu ya kitu haswa,

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tembelea watu katika mazingira yao halisi

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na sikiliza wanachosema,

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na muhimu sana,

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kuwa na nia ya kujifunza mambo mapya,

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hapo mkabala huu utakuwa kwa ajili yako.

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Kama wewe na kundi lako mtaamua kwamba kitu bora mtakachofanya nia kutoa msaada wa fedha,

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hakikisha unachagua asasi zilizo na matokeo yanayopimika,

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kama asasi za umasikini zinazoongeza kipato

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cha watu wanaoishi kwa chini ya dola moja kwa siku.