[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.42,0:00:08.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a kid I always loved information
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.69,0:00:10.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I could get from data
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.89,0:00:13.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the stories that could be told\Nwith numbers.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.85,0:00:16.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember, growing up,\NI'd be frustrated
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.15,0:00:20.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at how my own parents\Nwould lie to me using numbers.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.32,0:00:26.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Talithia, if I've told you once\NI've told you a thousand times."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.17,0:00:29.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No dad, you've only told me 17 times
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.55,0:00:33.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and twice it wasn't my fault.\N(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.58,0:00:36.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that is one of the reasons\NI got a Ph.D. in statistics.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.60,0:00:38.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I always wanted to know,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.13,0:00:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what are people trying to hide\Nwith numbers?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.98,0:00:42.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a statistician,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.32,0:00:45.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want people to show me the data
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.17,0:00:48.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I can decide for myself.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.68,0:00:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Donald and I were pregnant\Nwith our third child
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.98,0:00:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we were at about 41 and a half weeks,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.22,0:00:58.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what some of you may refer to\Nas being overdue.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.50,0:01:00.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Statisticians, we call that
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.23,0:01:03.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being within the 95 percent\Nconfidence interval.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.19,0:01:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.68,0:01:07.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And at this point in the process
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.26,0:01:09.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we had to come in every couple of days
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.31,0:01:11.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to do a stress test on the baby,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.48,0:01:12.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is just routine,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.92,0:01:16.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it tests whether or not the baby\Nis feeling any type of undue stress.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.29,0:01:20.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you are rarely, if ever,\Nseen by your actual doctor,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.17,0:01:23.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just whoever happens to be\Nworking at the hospital that day.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.21,0:01:26.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we go in for a stress test\Nand after 20 minutes
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.24,0:01:28.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the doctor comes out and he says,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.11,0:01:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Your baby is under stress,\Nwe need to induce you."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.32,0:01:39.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, as a statistician,\Nwhat's my response?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.99,0:01:43.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Show me the data!
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.23,0:01:45.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So then he proceeds to tell us
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.58,0:01:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the baby's heart rate trace\Nwent from 18 minutes,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.00,0:01:50.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the baby's heart rate was\Nin the normal zone
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.44,0:01:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for two minutes\Nit was in what appeared to be
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.56,0:01:56.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my heart rate zone and I said,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.75,0:01:59.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Is it possible that maybe\Nthis was my heart rate?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.55,0:02:01.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was moving around a little bit,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.46,0:02:03.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's hard to lay still on your back,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.69,0:02:06.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,41 weeks pregnant for 20 minutes.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.03,0:02:08.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe it was shifting around."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.15,0:02:11.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He said, "Well, we don't want\Nto take any chances."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.21,0:02:13.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said okay.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.80,0:02:16.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said, "What if I was at 36 weeks
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.13,0:02:18.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with this same data?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.31,0:02:21.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would your decision be to induce?"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.10,0:02:25.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Well, no, I would wait\Nuntil you were at least
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.43,0:02:27.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,38 weeks, but you are almost 42,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.56,0:02:29.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is no reason\Nto leave that baby inside,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.60,0:02:31.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let's get you a room."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.23,0:02:41.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said,\N"Well, why don't we just do it again?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.22,0:02:44.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can collect more data.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.35,0:02:46.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can try to be really still\Nfor 20 minutes.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.64,0:02:49.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can average the two and see
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.52,0:02:52.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what that means.\N(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.97,0:02:54.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he goes,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.74,0:03:01.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Ma'am, I just don't want you\Nto have a miscarriage."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.100,0:03:05.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That makes three of us.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.07,0:03:07.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then he says,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.19,0:03:10.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Your chances of having\Na miscarriage double
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.99,0:03:14.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you go past your due date.\NLet's get you a room."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.12,0:03:20.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wow. So now as a statistician,\Nwhat's my response?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.80,0:03:23.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Show me the data!
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.54,0:03:25.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dude, you're talking chances,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.01,0:03:27.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I do chances all day long,\Ntell me all about chances.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.38,0:03:29.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's talk chances.\N(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.36,0:03:31.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's talk chances.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.31,0:03:32.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I say, "Okay, great.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.73,0:03:36.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do I go from a 30-percent \Nchance to a 60-percent chance?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.01,0:03:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where are we here\Nwith this miscarriage thing?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.18,0:03:41.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he goes, "Not quite, but it doubles,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.20,0:03:44.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we really just want\Nwhat's best for the baby."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.22,0:03:48.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Undaunted, I try a different angle.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.98,0:03:53.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said, "Okay, out of 1,000\Nfull-term pregnant women,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.35,0:03:56.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how many of them are going to miscarry
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.60,0:03:58.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just before their due date?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.77,0:04:01.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then he looks at me\Nand looks at Donald,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.61,0:04:05.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he goes, about one in 1,000.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.72,0:04:09.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said, "Okay, so of those 1,000 women,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.06,0:04:12.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how many are going to miscarry\Njust after their due date?"
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.01,0:04:17.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"About two."\N(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.18,0:04:19.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said, "Okay, so you are telling me\Nthat my chances
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.69,0:04:22.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go from a 0.1-percent chance
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.71,0:04:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to a 0.2-percent chance."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.54,0:04:30.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, so at this point\Nthe data is not convincing us
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.17,0:04:32.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we need to be induced,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.04,0:04:34.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so then we proceed\Nto have a conversation
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.13,0:04:36.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about how inductions lead to a higher rate
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.11,0:04:40.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Cesarean sections, and if at all\Npossible we'd like to avoid that.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.58,0:04:41.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then I said,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.61,0:04:44.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"And I really don't think\Nmy due date is accurate."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.41,0:04:47.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.48,0:04:49.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so this really stunned him
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.62,0:04:51.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he looked sort of puzzled
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.74,0:04:53.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I said, "You may not know this,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.86,0:04:55.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but pregnancy due dates are calculated
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.66,0:04:58.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,assuming that you have\Na standard 28-day cycle,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.12,0:04:59.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my cycle ranges —
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.33,0:05:02.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes it's 27,\Nsometimes it's up to 38 —
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.58,0:05:05.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I have been collecting\Nthe data to prove it.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.21,0:05:08.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.56,0:05:14.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so we ended up leaving the hospital\Nthat day without being induced.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.15,0:05:19.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We actually had to sign a waiver\Nto walk out of the hospital.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.85,0:05:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I'm not advocating\Nthat you not listen to your doctors,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.99,0:05:27.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because even with our first child,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.19,0:05:30.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we were induced at 38 weeks;\Ncervical fluid was low.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.37,0:05:32.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not anti-medical intervention.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.97,0:05:35.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But why were confident to leave that day?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.57,0:05:39.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, we had data\Nthat told a different story.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.84,0:05:43.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We had been collecting data for six years.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.38,0:05:46.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had this temperature data,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.96,0:05:48.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it told a different story.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.48,0:05:53.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, we could probably pretty\Naccurately estimate conception.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.09,0:05:58.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah, that's a story you want to tell
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.07,0:06:01.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at your kid's wedding reception.\N(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.38,0:06:03.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember like it was yesterday.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.77,0:06:06.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My temperature was a sizzling 97.8 degrees
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.16,0:06:10.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as I stared into your father's eyes.\N(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.99,0:06:16.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh, yeah. Twenty-two more years,\Nwe're telling that story.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.41,0:06:21.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we were confident to leave\Nbecause we had been collecting data.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.45,0:06:23.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, what does that data look like?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.33,0:06:25.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's a standard chart
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.61,0:06:28.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a woman's waking body temperature
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.52,0:06:30.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during the course of a cycle.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.25,0:06:32.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So from the beginning\Nof the menstrual cycle
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.34,0:06:33.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,till the beginning of the next.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.83,0:06:36.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'll see that the temperature\Nis not random.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.12,0:06:38.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Clearly there is a low pattern
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.10,0:06:40.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the beginning of her cycle
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.20,0:06:43.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then you see this jump\Nand then a higher set of temperatures
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.21,0:06:45.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the end of her cycle.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.09,0:06:46.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what's happening here?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.56,0:06:48.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is that data telling you?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.22,0:06:51.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, ladies,\Nat the beginning of our cycle,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.72,0:06:54.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the hormone estrogen\Nis dominant and that estrogen
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.93,0:06:58.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,causes a suppression\Nof your body temperature.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.94,0:07:01.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And at ovulation,\Nyour body releases an egg
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.70,0:07:05.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and progesterone takes over,\Npro-gestation.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.52,0:07:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so your body heats up in anticipation
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.39,0:07:14.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of housing this new little fertilized egg.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.97,0:07:17.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So why this temperature jump?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.72,0:07:21.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, think about\Nwhen a bird sits on her eggs.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.18,0:07:23.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is she sitting on them?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.15,0:07:25.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She wants to keep them warm,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.87,0:07:27.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protect them and keep them warm.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.45,0:07:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ladies, this is exactly\Nwhat our bodies do every month,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.00,0:07:31.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they heat up in anticipation
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.83,0:07:34.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of keeping a new little life warm.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.39,0:07:37.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if nothing happens,\Nif you are not pregnant,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.55,0:07:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then estrogen takes back over\Nand that cycle starts all over again.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.31,0:07:44.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you do get pregnant, sometimes you
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.30,0:07:46.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually see another shift\Nin your temperatures
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.99,0:07:50.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it stays elevated\Nfor those whole nine months.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.19,0:07:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why you see those pregnant women\Njust sweating and hot,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.50,0:07:56.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because their temperatures are high.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.59,0:08:00.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's a chart that we had\Nabout three or four years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.86,0:08:03.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were really very excited\Nabout this chart.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.45,0:08:05.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'll see the low temperature level
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.59,0:08:08.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then a shift and for about five days,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.70,0:08:11.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's about the time\Nit takes for the egg to travel
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.40,0:08:13.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,down the fallopian tube and implant,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.91,0:08:17.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then you see those temperatures\Nstart to go up a little bit.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.43,0:08:20.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in fact, we had\Na second temperature shift,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.04,0:08:24.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,confirmed with a pregnancy test\Nthat were indeed pregnant
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.92,0:08:27.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with our first child, very exciting.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.97,0:08:29.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Until a couple of days later
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.96,0:08:33.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I saw some spotting\Nand then I noticed heavy blood flow,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.10,0:08:38.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we had in fact\Nhad an early stage miscarriage.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.02,0:08:43.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Had I not been taking my temperature
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.01,0:08:46.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I really would have just thought\Nmy period was late that month,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.94,0:08:48.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we actually had data to show
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.93,0:08:51.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we had miscarried this baby,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.82,0:08:53.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even though this data\Nrevealed a really
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.82,0:08:55.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unfortunate event in our lives,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.36,0:08:58.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was information\Nthat we could then take to our doctor.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.02,0:09:00.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if there was a fertility issue\Nor some problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.35,0:09:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had data to show:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.56,0:09:03.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look, we got pregnant,\Nour temperature shifted,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.94,0:09:05.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we somehow lost this baby.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.64,0:09:09.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is it that we can do\Nto help prevent this problem?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.21,0:09:12.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's not just about temperatures
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.10,0:09:14.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's not just about fertility;
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.85,0:09:18.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can use data about our bodies\Nto tell us a lot of things.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.79,0:09:22.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For instance, did you know that taking\Nyour temperature can tell you a lot
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.47,0:09:25.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the condition of your thyroid?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.53,0:09:29.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, your thyroid works a lot like\Nthe thermostat in your house.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.50,0:09:32.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is an optimal temperature\Nthat you want in your house;
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.40,0:09:33.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you set your thermostat.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.65,0:09:36.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When it gets too cold in the house,\Nyour thermostat kicks in
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.40,0:09:39.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and says, "Hey, we need\Nto blow some heat around."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.30,0:09:41.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or if it gets too hot,\Nyour thermostat registers,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.57,0:09:44.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Turn the A.C. on. Cool us off."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.81,0:09:48.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's exactly how your thyroid works\Nin your body.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.38,0:09:50.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your thyroid tries to keep\Nan optimal temperature
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.77,0:09:51.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for your body.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.91,0:09:54.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If it gets too cold, your thyroid\Nsays, "Hey, we need to heat up."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.93,0:09:57.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If it gets too hot,\Nyour thyroid cools you down.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.61,0:10:01.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what happens when your\Nthyroid is not functioning well?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.100,0:10:04.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When it doesn't function, then it shows up
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.12,0:10:05.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in your body temperatures,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.82,0:10:08.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they tend to be lower than normal\Nor very erratic.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.32,0:10:09.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so by collecting this data
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.84,0:10:12.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can find out information\Nabout your thyroid.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.38,0:10:16.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, what is it, if you had a thyroid\Nproblem and you went to the doctor,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.03,0:10:17.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your doctor would actually test
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.92,0:10:21.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the amount of thyroid stimulating hormone\Nin your blood.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.64,0:10:25.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fine. But the problem with that test is
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.88,0:10:28.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it doesn't tell you how active\Nthe hormone is in your body.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.54,0:10:30.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you might have\Na lot of hormone present,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.57,0:10:32.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it might not be\Nactively working to regulate
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.76,0:10:33.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your body temperature.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.84,0:10:36.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So just by collecting\Nyour temperature every day,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.03,0:10:38.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you get information\Nabout the condition of your thyroid.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.54,0:10:41.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what if you don't want to take\Nyour temperature every day?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.33,0:10:42.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I advocate that you do,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.54,0:10:44.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there are tons\Nof other things you could take.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.78,0:10:47.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You could take your blood pressure,\Nyou could take your weight —
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.66,0:10:48.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yeah, who's excited about
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.100,0:10:51.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taking their weight every day?\N(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.04,0:10:56.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Early on in our marriage,\NDonald had a stuffy nose
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.36,0:10:59.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he had been taking\Na slew of medications
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.94,0:11:03.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to try to relieve his stuffy nose,\Nto no avail.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.26,0:11:07.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, that night he comes\Nand he wakes me up and he says,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.79,0:11:11.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Honey, I can't breath out of my nose."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.91,0:11:16.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I roll over and I look, and I said,\N"Well, can you breath out of your mouth?"
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.53,0:11:18.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.62,0:11:23.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he goes,\N"Yes, but I can't breath out of my nose!"
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.94,0:11:28.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so like any good wife, I rush him
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.10,0:11:30.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the emergency room
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.71,0:11:32.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at 2 o'clock in the morning.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.60,0:11:34.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the whole time\NI'm driving and I'm thinking,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.95,0:11:37.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can't die on me now.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.57,0:11:39.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We just got married,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.75,0:11:44.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people will think I killed you!\N(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.53,0:11:48.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, we get to the emergency room,\Nand the nurse sees us,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.96,0:11:51.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he can't breath out of his nose,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.57,0:11:54.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so she brings us to the back\Nand the doctor says,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.11,0:11:55.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"What seems to be the problem?"
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.67,0:11:57.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he goes,\N"I can't breath out of my nose."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.81,0:12:00.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he said,\N"You can't breath out of your nose?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.12,0:12:03.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, but he can breath\Nout of his mouth. (Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.70,0:12:07.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He takes a step back\Nand he looks at both of us
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.79,0:12:11.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he says,\N"Sir, I think I know the problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.48,0:12:13.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're having a heart attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.34,0:12:15.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to order an EKG and a CAT scan
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.28,0:12:17.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for you immediately."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.07,0:12:21.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we are thinking, no, no, no.\NIt's not a heart attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.88,0:12:24.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He can breathe, just out of his mouth.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.35,0:12:27.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, no, no, no, no.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.32,0:12:30.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so we go back and forth\Nwith this doctor
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.58,0:12:33.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we think\Nthis is the incorrect diagnosis,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.52,0:12:36.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he's like, "No really, it'll be fine,\Njust calm down."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:36.96,0:12:38.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I'm thinking, how do you calm down?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.94,0:12:41.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I don't think\Nhe's having a heart attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.53,0:12:44.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so fortunately for us, this doctor\Nwas at the end of the shift.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.60,0:12:47.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this new doctor comes in,\Nhe sees us clearly distraught,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.33,0:12:50.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a husband who can't breath
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.06,0:12:52.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of his nose.\N(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:52.90,0:12:55.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he starts asking us questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.79,0:12:59.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He says, "Well, do you two exercise?"
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.27,0:13:05.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We ride our bikes,\Nwe go to the gym occasionally.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.55,0:13:09.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.49,0:13:11.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We move around.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.30,0:13:15.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he says, "What were you doing\Njust before you came here?"
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.34,0:13:17.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm thinking, I was sleeping, honestly.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.94,0:13:19.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But okay,\Nwhat was Donald doing just before?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.99,0:13:23.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Donald goes into this slew\Nof medications he was taking.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.18,0:13:26.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He lists, "I took this decongestant\Nand then I took this nasal spray,"
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.64,0:13:29.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then all of a sudden\Na lightbulb goes off and he says,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.28,0:13:32.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Oh! You should never mix this\Ndecongestant with this nasal spray.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:33.05,0:13:35.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Clogs you up every time.\NHere, take this one instead."
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.61,0:13:37.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He gives us a prescription.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.71,0:13:40.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're looking at each other,\Nand I looked at the doctor,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.28,0:13:42.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I said,\N"Why is it that it seems like you
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.35,0:13:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were able to accurately diagnose\Nhis condition,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.52,0:13:46.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but this previous doctor wanted to order
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.60,0:13:48.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an EKG and a CAT scan?"
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.94,0:13:51.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he looks at us and says,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.19,0:13:55.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Well, when a 350-pound man walks in the\Nemergency room and says he can't breath,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.67,0:13:57.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you assume he's having a heart attack
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.60,0:13:59.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you ask questions later."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.88,0:14:05.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, emergency room doctors\Nare trained to make decisions quickly,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.14,0:14:09.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not always accurately.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.38,0:14:11.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so had we had some information
Dialogue: 0,0:14:11.17,0:14:13.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about our heart health to share with him,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.61,0:14:16.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe we would have gotten a better\Ndiagnosis the first time.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.75,0:14:19.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want you to consider\Nthe following chart,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.54,0:14:21.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of systolic blood pressure measurements
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.39,0:14:25.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from October 2010 to July 2012.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.25,0:14:27.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'll see that these measurements start
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.18,0:14:30.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the prehypertension/hypertension zone,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:31.84,0:14:34.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but over about the course\Nof a year and a half
Dialogue: 0,0:14:34.29,0:14:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they move into the normal zone.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.38,0:14:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is about the heart rate\Nof a healthy 16-year-old.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.46,0:14:44.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What story is this data telling you?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.48,0:14:48.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Obviously it's the data from someone
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.10,0:14:51.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who's made a drastic transformation,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.14,0:14:55.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and fortunately for us,\Nthat person happens to be here today.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.15,0:15:00.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that 350-pound guy that walked\Ninto the emergency room with me
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.12,0:15:03.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is now an even sexier and healthier
Dialogue: 0,0:15:03.66,0:15:08.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,225-pound guy,\Nand that's his blood pressure trace.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:10.29,0:15:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So over the course of that year and a half
Dialogue: 0,0:15:13.24,0:15:15.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Donald's eating changed
Dialogue: 0,0:15:15.10,0:15:17.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our exercise regimen changed,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:17.55,0:15:19.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and his heart rate responded,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:19.67,0:15:21.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his blood pressure responded\Nto that change
Dialogue: 0,0:15:21.85,0:15:24.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he made in his body.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.09,0:15:25.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what's the take-home message
Dialogue: 0,0:15:25.51,0:15:28.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I want you to leave with today?
Dialogue: 0,0:15:28.59,0:15:33.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By taking ownership of your data\Njust like we've done,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.21,0:15:37.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just by taking this daily measurements\Nabout yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.53,0:15:40.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you become the expert on your body.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:40.02,0:15:42.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You become the authority.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.09,0:15:44.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not hard to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:44.55,0:15:46.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You don't have to have\Na Ph.D. in statistics
Dialogue: 0,0:15:46.78,0:15:48.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be an expert in yourself.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:48.17,0:15:50.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You don't have to have a medical degree
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.06,0:15:52.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be your body's expert.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.40,0:15:55.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Medical doctors,\Nthey're experts on the population,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.48,0:15:58.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you are the expert on yourself.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.59,0:16:00.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so when two of you come together,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.41,0:16:02.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when two experts come together,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.43,0:16:04.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the two of you are able\Nto make a better decision
Dialogue: 0,0:16:04.70,0:16:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than just your doctor alone.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:07.12,0:16:10.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now that you understand\Nthe power of information
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.12,0:16:12.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you can get through\Npersonal data collection,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.65,0:16:16.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like you all to stand\Nand raise your right hand.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.47,0:16:18.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:16:18.44,0:16:20.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, get it up.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:24.22,0:16:29.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I challenge you to take ownership\Nof your data.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:31.14,0:16:34.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And today, I hereby confer upon you
Dialogue: 0,0:16:35.04,0:16:38.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a TEDx associate's degree\Nin elementary statistics
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.47,0:16:42.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a concentration\Nin time-dependent data analysis
Dialogue: 0,0:16:43.69,0:16:47.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with all the rights and privileges\Nappertaining thereto.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.84,0:16:51.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so the next time\Nyou are in your doctor's office,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:51.26,0:16:54.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as newly inducted statisticians,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.30,0:16:56.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what should always be your response?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:56.64,0:16:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Audience: Show me the data!\NTalithia Williams: I can't hear you!
Dialogue: 0,0:16:59.64,0:17:00.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Audience: Show me the data!
Dialogue: 0,0:17:00.99,0:17:02.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,TW: One more time!
Dialogue: 0,0:17:02.12,0:17:03.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Audience: Show me the data!
Dialogue: 0,0:17:03.84,0:17:05.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,TW: Show me the data.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:05.15,0:17:06.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:06.12,0:17:08.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)