1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,000 我有學者症候群(一種認知障礙), 2 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:04,000 更確切地說 3 00:00:04,000 --> 00:00:06,000 我是具超智商的 4 00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:08,000 自閉症認知障礙者。 5 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:10,000 有學者症的人是很稀少的。 6 00:00:10,000 --> 00:00:13,000 而我的情況更是罕見, 7 00:00:13,000 --> 00:00:15,000 因為我還具有 8 00:00:15,000 --> 00:00:17,000 自我認知和 9 00:00:17,000 --> 00:00:20,000 能掌握語言的能力。 10 00:00:20,000 --> 00:00:23,000 常常當很多人與我初次相遇, 11 00:00:23,000 --> 00:00:25,000 當他們知道我的行情時, 12 00:00:25,000 --> 00:00:28,000 場面就會變得有些尷尬。 13 00:00:28,000 --> 00:00:31,000 我從他們的眼神中可讀到 14 00:00:31,000 --> 00:00:34,000 他們有問題要問我。 15 00:00:34,000 --> 00:00:36,000 通常到最後 16 00:00:36,000 --> 00:00:39,000 他們不法再忍耐下去, 17 00:00:39,000 --> 00:00:41,000 於是就會脫口而出的問到: 18 00:00:41,000 --> 00:00:43,000 "假如我告訴你-我的出生日期, 19 00:00:43,000 --> 00:00:45,000 你能告訴我-我是星期幾出生的嗎?” 20 00:00:45,000 --> 00:00:48,000 (笑) 21 00:00:48,000 --> 00:00:51,000 或者跟我討論數學立方根, 22 00:00:51,000 --> 00:00:55,000 或要求我背誦很長的數字或文章。 23 00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:57,000 我希望你們能原諒我, 24 00:00:57,000 --> 00:01:00,000 如果我今天沒有表演 25 00:01:00,000 --> 00:01:04,000 這種學者症獨角戲給你們欣賞。 26 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:07,000 我將要談 27 00:01:07,000 --> 00:01:09,000 的話題是比 28 00:01:09,000 --> 00:01:11,000 出生年月日 29 00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:14,000 或立方根更有趣- 30 00:01:14,000 --> 00:01:16,000 帶你們更深入更接近我的內在世界; 31 00:01:16,000 --> 00:01:19,000 而不是只看我超智商的表面相。 32 00:01:19,000 --> 00:01:21,000 我想和你們簡短的談談 33 00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:24,000 什麼是認知。 34 00:01:24,000 --> 00:01:27,000 安東契訶夫是以他寫的戲劇和 35 00:01:27,000 --> 00:01:29,000 短篇小說而聞名, 36 00:01:29,000 --> 00:01:32,000 他總是在隨身 37 00:01:32,000 --> 00:01:34,000 攜帶的筆記本中 38 00:01:34,000 --> 00:01:36,000 記下所觀察到的 39 00:01:36,000 --> 00:01:38,000 周遭世界- 40 00:01:38,000 --> 00:01:40,000 一些其他人 41 00:01:40,000 --> 00:01:43,000 似乎沒注意到的小細節。 42 00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:46,000 每次當我讀到契訶夫的書, 43 00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:50,000 與他的獨特眼光來品味人生, 44 00:01:50,000 --> 00:01:52,000 就再次提醒我自己這也是 45 00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:54,000 為什麼我也成了一名作家的原因。 46 00:01:54,000 --> 00:01:56,000 在我的書中, 47 00:01:56,000 --> 00:01:58,000 我探索認知的本質, 48 00:01:58,000 --> 00:02:01,000 經由各種不同類型的察覺 49 00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:03,000 進而創造不同的知識 50 00:02:03,000 --> 00:02:06,000 和理解。 51 00:02:08,000 --> 00:02:10,000 我準備了三個問題 52 00:02:10,000 --> 00:02:12,000 告訴您們我的世界, 53 00:02:12,000 --> 00:02:14,000 與其要你們試著去解答, 54 00:02:14,000 --> 00:02:17,000 我要你們考慮片刻,利用你們的 55 00:02:17,000 --> 00:02:19,000 立即直覺 56 00:02:19,000 --> 00:02:21,000 和本能的反應, 57 00:02:21,000 --> 00:02:23,000 就是那種當一入眼簾後,通過你的頭跟心(身體) 58 00:02:23,000 --> 00:02:26,000 之後的直覺來回答問題。 59 00:02:26,000 --> 00:02:29,000 舉例來說,這個計算題, 60 00:02:29,000 --> 00:02:31,000 是否你可以大約推測出它 61 00:02:31,000 --> 00:02:34,000 最可能的數字? 62 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:37,000 或是看到這些外國語或聽到它的發音。 63 00:02:37,000 --> 00:02:39,000 你能感覺到它們所要表達出 64 00:02:39,000 --> 00:02:42,000 的意義嗎? 65 00:02:42,000 --> 00:02:45,000 在這首詩的章節中, 66 00:02:45,000 --> 00:02:47,000 為什麼詩人用"野兔" 67 00:02:47,000 --> 00:02:50,000 而不用"兔子"這個詞呢? 68 00:02:51,000 --> 00:02:53,000 我要求你們這樣做, 69 00:02:53,000 --> 00:02:57,000 是因為我認為我們個人對事務的認知 70 00:02:57,000 --> 00:02:59,000 是我們如何獲取 71 00:02:59,000 --> 00:03:01,000 知識的主要方式。 72 00:03:01,000 --> 00:03:03,000 用對感觀上的感受(審美觀), 73 00:03:03,000 --> 00:03:06,000 取代依靠抽象推理, 74 00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:08,000 引導和塑造的過程來 75 00:03:08,000 --> 00:03:11,000 認識學習知識。然後 76 00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:13,000 瞭解事務。 77 00:03:13,000 --> 00:03:16,000 而我個人就是一個極佳的例子。 78 00:03:16,000 --> 00:03:19,000 在我的世界裡,文字和數字 79 00:03:19,000 --> 00:03:21,000 是混雜帶有顏色,有情感 80 00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:23,000 和個性的。 81 00:03:23,000 --> 00:03:25,000 就像關(Juan)所說的 82 00:03:25,000 --> 00:03:28,000 是科學家們稱之的"聯覺"症狀, 83 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:30,000 也就是一種感覺和另一種感覺之間 84 00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:33,000 不尋常的交際。 85 00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:38,000 這是數字1至12的圖, 86 00:03:38,000 --> 00:03:40,000 但我看它們是- 87 00:03:40,000 --> 00:03:44,000 每一個數字有專屬的形狀和特色。 88 00:03:44,000 --> 00:03:46,000 1是閃爍的白光。 89 00:03:46,000 --> 00:03:51,000 6是一個憂傷微小的黑洞。 90 00:03:51,000 --> 00:03:54,000 呈現你們眼前的這圖只有黑色和白色, 91 00:03:54,000 --> 00:03:56,000 但在我心中,他們有顏色。 92 00:03:56,000 --> 00:03:58,000 3是綠色。 93 00:03:58,000 --> 00:04:00,000 4是藍色的。 94 00:04:00,000 --> 00:04:03,000 5是黃色的。 95 00:04:05,000 --> 00:04:07,000 我也畫畫。 96 00:04:07,000 --> 00:04:10,000 這是我的其中一個作品。 97 00:04:10,000 --> 00:04:14,000 顯示兩個質數的乘法。 98 00:04:14,000 --> 00:04:16,000 呈三次空間的形狀, 99 00:04:16,000 --> 00:04:19,000 而在兩個質數中間的空間中有 100 00:04:19,000 --> 00:04:21,000 另一個新的形狀, 101 00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:24,000 也就是解答。 102 00:04:24,000 --> 00:04:26,000 那麼如果是較大的數字呢? 103 00:04:26,000 --> 00:04:30,000 沒有任何數字比Pi(π,圓周率)更無限, 104 00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:32,000 π是數學常數。 105 00:04:32,000 --> 00:04:34,000 是一個無限的數字- 106 00:04:34,000 --> 00:04:36,000 理論上是永無止境的延伸。 107 00:04:36,000 --> 00:04:38,000 在此畫中我畫出的π是 108 00:04:38,000 --> 00:04:42,000 直到小數點後的第20位為止, 109 00:04:42,000 --> 00:04:44,000 我用了許多色彩, 110 00:04:44,000 --> 00:04:47,000 情緒和質感 111 00:04:47,000 --> 00:04:49,000 一同來顯現出一種 112 00:04:49,000 --> 00:04:54,000 滾動的數字景觀。 113 00:04:54,000 --> 00:04:57,000 對我而言,不是只有數字具有顏色。 114 00:04:57,000 --> 00:04:59,000 對我來說,字也一樣 115 00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:01,000 有顏色,情感 116 00:05:01,000 --> 00:05:03,000 和質感紋路. 117 00:05:03,000 --> 00:05:05,000 納博科夫知名小說 118 00:05:05,000 --> 00:05:07,000 "洛麗塔"的開場白。 119 00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:11,000 大量利用聯感詞(用某種感覺的字眼表達另一種感覺)。 120 00:05:11,000 --> 00:05:13,000 你可以看到, 121 00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:16,000 在這裡因我對 L發音的感覺 122 00:05:16,000 --> 00:05:18,000 有助於我瞭解 123 00:05:18,000 --> 00:05:21,000 句中的字頭押韻, 124 00:05:21,000 --> 00:05:23,000 另一例子: 125 00:05:23,000 --> 00:05:25,000 牽扯到一點數學。 126 00:05:25,000 --> 00:05:27,000 我很好奇想知道是否在此有些人 127 00:05:27,000 --> 00:05:29,000 會注意到"大亨小傳" 128 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:32,000 中句法的結構? 129 00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:36,000 一連串有組織的音節-- 130 00:05:36,000 --> 00:05:38,000 麥,1個音節; 131 00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:40,000 草原,2個音節; 132 00:05:40,000 --> 00:05:43,000 失城記(消失的瑞典城鎮),3個音節- 133 00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:45,000 1,2,3。 134 00:05:45,000 --> 00:05:49,000 很有節奏,讀起來心情非常愉快, 135 00:05:49,000 --> 00:05:51,000 所以句子 136 00:05:51,000 --> 00:05:54,000 很通暢恰好。 137 00:05:54,000 --> 00:05:56,000 讓我們回到我 138 00:05:56,000 --> 00:05:59,000 剛才提出的問題上。 139 00:05:59,000 --> 00:06:02,000 64乘以75。 140 00:06:02,000 --> 00:06:05,000 如果你下國際象棋, 141 00:06:05,000 --> 00:06:07,000 你就會知道, 142 00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:10,000 64是一個平方數, 143 00:06:10,000 --> 00:06:12,000 這就是為什麼棋盤, 144 00:06:12,000 --> 00:06:14,000 八乘八, 145 00:06:14,000 --> 00:06:17,000 有64個方格。 146 00:06:17,000 --> 00:06:19,000 這給了我們一個 147 00:06:19,000 --> 00:06:22,000 們可以想像的模型, 148 00:06:22,000 --> 00:06:25,000 那75呢? 149 00:06:25,000 --> 00:06:27,000 就用100來想像, 150 00:06:27,000 --> 00:06:30,000 如果我們認為100是廣場, 151 00:06:30,000 --> 00:06:33,000 75就是這樣的的大小。 152 00:06:33,000 --> 00:06:35,000 所以我們現在 153 00:06:35,000 --> 00:06:37,000 只要把那兩張照片 154 00:06:37,000 --> 00:06:39,000 在我們的腦海中併在一起 - 155 00:06:39,000 --> 00:06:42,000 像這樣。 156 00:06:42,000 --> 00:06:46,000 64變為6400。 157 00:06:46,000 --> 00:06:50,000 而在右下角, 158 00:06:50,000 --> 00:06:52,000 你不須要計算。 159 00:06:52,000 --> 00:06:54,000 4個格子,上下四個格子- 160 00:06:54,000 --> 00:06:57,000 所以是16。 161 00:06:57,000 --> 00:06:59,000 那麼真正須要計算的總和 162 00:06:59,000 --> 00:07:01,000 是16, 163 00:07:01,000 --> 00:07:04,000 16,16(3個16)。 164 00:07:04,000 --> 00:07:06,000 很簡單吧! 165 00:07:06,000 --> 00:07:09,000 我相信比學校教的計算方法容易多了。 166 00:07:09,000 --> 00:07:11,000 那16,16,16,48(3個16), 167 00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:13,000 4800(48x100) 168 00:07:13,000 --> 00:07:15,000 - 4800, 169 00:07:15,000 --> 00:07:18,000 就是正確答案。 170 00:07:18,000 --> 00:07:20,000 當你知道方法就很簡單! 171 00:07:20,000 --> 00:07:23,000 (笑) 172 00:07:23,000 --> 00:07:26,000 第二個問題是有關冰島文字。 173 00:07:26,000 --> 00:07:29,000 我推測在座沒有多少人 174 00:07:29,000 --> 00:07:31,000 會說冰島話。 175 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:34,000 因此,讓我縮小你們的選擇範圍到兩個。 176 00:07:36,000 --> 00:07:38,000 Hnugginn: 177 00:07:38,000 --> 00:07:40,000 這是一個表示高興的字, 178 00:07:40,000 --> 00:07:42,000 或悲傷的字? 179 00:07:42,000 --> 00:07:44,000 你怎麼想? 180 00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:47,000 好! 181 00:07:47,000 --> 00:07:49,000 有人說是快樂的字。 182 00:07:49,000 --> 00:07:51,000 但很多人,大多數的人說是 183 00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:53,000 悲傷的詞字。 184 00:07:53,000 --> 00:07:57,000 它實際上意味著悲哀。 185 00:07:57,000 --> 00:08:00,000 (笑) 186 00:08:00,000 --> 00:08:03,000 在統計學上為什麼 187 00:08:03,000 --> 00:08:05,000 大多數人說這一個字 188 00:08:05,000 --> 00:08:07,000 ,在此例,是悲傷的意思, 189 00:08:07,000 --> 00:08:10,000 別的例子可能指強勢? 190 00:08:10,000 --> 00:08:13,000 我的理論是:語言的發展是 191 00:08:13,000 --> 00:08:15,000 與聲音相襯的方式進行, 192 00:08:15,000 --> 00:08:18,000 加上相對應的主觀感覺, 193 00:08:18,000 --> 00:08:20,000 及聽者個人的 194 00:08:20,000 --> 00:08:22,000 直覺經驗 195 00:08:22,000 --> 00:08:24,000 來演化。 196 00:08:25,000 --> 00:08:28,000 讓我們來看第三個問題。 197 00:08:29,000 --> 00:08:32,000 這是約翰濟慈詩中的一句。 198 00:08:32,000 --> 00:08:35,000 文字就像數字一樣, 199 00:08:35,000 --> 00:08:38,000 呈現對於目標,事件之間 200 00:08:38,000 --> 00:08:40,000 的根本互動關係, 201 00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:42,000 驅動組成 202 00:08:42,000 --> 00:08:44,000 我們的世界。 203 00:08:44,000 --> 00:08:47,000 這也為什麼生存在這世界的我們, 204 00:08:47,000 --> 00:08:49,000 理所當然的會在此過程中 205 00:08:49,000 --> 00:08:52,000 直覺地承接這些關係。 206 00:08:52,000 --> 00:08:55,000 詩人們,像其他的藝術家一樣, 207 00:08:55,000 --> 00:08:58,000 細細把玩著對直覺的理解。 208 00:08:58,000 --> 00:09:01,000 像這例子為什麼用野兔這詞, 209 00:09:01,000 --> 00:09:03,000 野兔在英語的用法有另一個含糊不清的意義。 210 00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:06,000 也可指長在頭上的毫毛。 211 00:09:06,000 --> 00:09:08,000 那麼如果我們想像一下- 212 00:09:08,000 --> 00:09:10,000 -讓我用圖像來告訴您們- 213 00:09:10,000 --> 00:09:13,000 毫毛代表脆弱。 214 00:09:14,000 --> 00:09:17,000 它們會被任何輕微的風吹草動 215 00:09:17,000 --> 00:09:20,000 或情緒所影響。 216 00:09:20,000 --> 00:09:24,000 所以可以創造出 217 00:09:24,000 --> 00:09:26,000 脆弱和緊張氣氛。 218 00:09:26,000 --> 00:09:28,000 野兔本身- 219 00:09:28,000 --> 00:09:31,000 不是貓,不是狗,而是野兔 - 220 00:09:31,000 --> 00:09:33,000 為什麼用野兔這個詞? 221 00:09:33,000 --> 00:09:35,000 想像 這個情景的圖片 222 00:09:35,000 --> 00:09:37,000 而不是字,想像圖片。 223 00:09:37,000 --> 00:09:39,000 過長的耳朵, 224 00:09:39,000 --> 00:09:41,000 超大的腳, 225 00:09:41,000 --> 00:09:44,000 幫助我們去想像,直觀地去感受, 226 00:09:44,000 --> 00:09:47,000 這意味著什麼: 227 00:09:47,000 --> 00:09:50,000 跛腳,顫抖。 228 00:09:50,000 --> 00:09:52,000 我希望在這幾分鐘裡 229 00:09:52,000 --> 00:09:54,000 我已經跟您們分享 230 00:09:54,000 --> 00:09:57,000 一些些我視野中的世界, 231 00:09:57,000 --> 00:10:00,000 並且讓你們知道 232 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:03,000 文字有色彩和情感, 233 00:10:03,000 --> 00:10:06,000 數字,形狀和個性。 234 00:10:06,000 --> 00:10:08,000 這世界是比我們 235 00:10:08,000 --> 00:10:10,000 常以為的 236 00:10:10,000 --> 00:10:13,000 更富麗的,更遼闊的。 237 00:10:13,000 --> 00:10:16,000 我希望我已經挑起你們 238 00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:19,000 用新的眼光學習看世界的動機。 239 00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:21,000 謝謝。 240 00:10:21,000 --> 00:10:32,000 (鼓掌)