WEBVTT 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 [birds chirping] 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 [music] 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 From UFOs to psychic powers and government conspiracies, (text about Illuminati's conspiracy + "It starts here!" sticker) 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 history is riddled with unexplained events. [doorbell rings] 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 You can turn back now, (Stuff they don't want you to know - howstuffworks.com) 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 or learn the stuff they don't want you to know. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Here are the facts. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 John Fitzgerald Kennedy was assassinated 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 in Dallas, Texas, on November 22nd, 1963. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 In the ensuing chaos, Lyndon Johnson was sworn in, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested, and the nation mourned. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Congress formed the Warren Commission 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 to discern the facts of the case. (Warren Report) 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Although they concluded that Oswald was a lone gunman, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 holes indicate that a majority of Americans today 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 either question or reject these findings. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 In the decades since, historians, researchers, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 conspiracy buffs and skeptics alike 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 have tried to tackle this story. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 This story remains one of the most enduring 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 and controversial moments in American history. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Given the unreasonably combative, emotional tone 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 so common among both theorists and skeptics, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 it's often been difficult for people with differing views 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 to listen to each other's arguments. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 One author believes that both sides may be correct, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 that there was a conspiracy at play, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 but not, perhaps, the one you'd expect. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Here's where it gets crazy. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Conspiracy theories about the JFK assassination 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 finger everyone from the CIA to the Mafia, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 and even members of Congress have appeared to sign on. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 But, according to author Seymour Morris, Jr., 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 most of these theories miss the true conspiracy at hand. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 In his book, American History Revised, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Morris examines some lesser-known facts 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 about the assassination and the ensuing investigations. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 First, Morris notes that the Warren Report (Warren's letter to the President, submitting the commission's final report) 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 missed some important points: 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 being both unable to establish a political motive 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 or adequately explain how Oswald managed the job. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Public distrust of the Warren Report led 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 to a new Congressional investigation in the mid-70s, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 when Congress formed the House of Representatives' 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Select Committee on Assassinations, or HSCA. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Between the Warren Commission's work and the HSCA investigation, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 four other governmental groups exhaustively investigated the incident. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 But the HSCA found a new piece of evidence: 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 a police dictabelt recording. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 On this recording, it sounded like 4 shots were fired, rather than 3. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 While it's within the realm of plausibility that Oswald could fire 3 shots, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 4 shots were taken to be proof of a second gunman. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Although virtually every witness claimed to have heard 3 shots during the murder, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 the HSCA still changed the report, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 claiming that there probably was some sort of conspiracy, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 although they could not name any specific conspirators. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 The story of this mysterious recording doesn't stop here. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 In 1979, a percussionist named Steve Barber listened to it, (Search: Steve Barber, JFK, Zepruder) 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 and recognized that there might be a cross-over of sounds. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 In other words, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 that what sounded like 4 shots was actually noise from two different sources. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 By the time this information came to light, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 the public had already decided that the 4 shots were legitimate. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 So, if as Morse argues, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 the conspiracy theories based on this recording are flawed 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 in what - if any - conspiracy was at play, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Morse named one that you might not expect: 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 after the assassination, he claimed, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 the CIA and FBI participated in an intelligence cover-up 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 at the highest levels, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 refusing to inform the Warren Commission 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 about the Kennedy brothers' secret operations to remove Castro. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Although virtually every witness claimed 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 to have heard 3 shots during the murder, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 the HSCA still changed their report. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Claiming that there probably was some sort of conspiracy 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 although they could not name any specific conspirators 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 The story of this mysterious recording doesn't stop here, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 in 1979 a percussionist named Steve Barber 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 listened to it 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 and recognised that there might be a crossover of sounds 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 in other words, that what sounded like 4 shots 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 was actually noise from two different sources. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 By the time this information came to light 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 the public had already decided that the 4 shots were legitimate 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 so, if as Morris argues, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 the conspiracy theories based on this recording are flawed, 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 then what, if any, real conspiracy was at play? 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Morris names one that you might not expect. 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 After the assassination, he claims, the CIA and FBI 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 participated in an intelligence cover up at the highest levels 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Refusing to inform the Warren Commission 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 about the Kennedy brothers secret operations 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 to remove Castro 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Years later, the Select Committee on Intelligence 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 revealed these plots and concluded that the 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 CIA and FBI had lied by omission to another arm of the government 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 and that it was the Kennedy's obsession with Castro 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 that accidentally motivated Oswald 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 but is that the whole story? 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 Sceptics claim the majority of JFK conspiracy theories 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 are based on misunderstanding 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 but theorists claim that facts are being buried 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 One thing's for sure 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 according to Morris and Congress 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 there really was stuff the CIA and FBI 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 didn't want you to know about JFK 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 JFK: Let the words go forth 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 from this time and place 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 to friend and foe alike 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 that the torch has been passed 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 to a new generation of Americans 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 born in this century 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 tempered by war 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 disciplined by a hard and bitter peace 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 proud of our ancient heritage 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 and unwilling to witness 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 or commit 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 the small undoing 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 of those human rights 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 to which this nation has always been committed 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 and to which we are committed today 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 at home 99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999 and around the world