WEBVTT

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我想帶你哋去另一個世界

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我想同你哋分享
一個同窮人長達 45 年嘅故事

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呢班窮人每日連一蚊美金都賺唔到

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我曾經喺印度接受
精英、貴族、高昂嘅教育

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但咁嘅教育幾乎摧毀我嘅人生

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我被選做外交官、老師、醫生

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呢啲工全部都等住我

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但我冇做呢啲工

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因為我三年嚟都係參加緊
印度國家壁球比賽

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（笑聲）

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成個世界就好似為我準備好曬

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一切都喺我掌握之中

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差錯絕對冇可能發生

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但係之後我出於好奇

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我想去鄉下工作、生活下

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感受一下係點嘅感覺

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所以喺 1965 年
我去到印度比哈爾邦

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經歷嗰度史上最大嘅飢荒

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我第一見到飢荒同死亡

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我嘅生命亦從此改變

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我返到屋企

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同我母親講：

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「我想去鄉下做嘢，喺嗰度生活。」

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佢震驚到暈咗

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（笑聲）

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「你係咩意思？

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成個世界都為你而鋪排好曬，

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最好嘅工等住你做，

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你宜家同我講想去鄉下工作？

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你係唔係有問題？」

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我話：「我受過最好嘅教育，

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令我學識咗思考。

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我決定要用我所學，回饋社會。」

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「你想去鄉下做咩？

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你無工作，無錢，無保障，無前景。」

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我話：「我想喺嗰度生活，

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挖五年井。」

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「挖五年井？

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你讀過全印度最貴嘅學校，

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宜家你話想用五年時間去挖井？」

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自此之後，佢好耐無同我講嘢

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因為佢覺得我令屋企人丟架

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不過，喺村裡邊、喺窮人身上

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我見識咗最非凡嘅知識同技能

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但呢啲知識同技能從來都唔入流

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從來無被外邊嘅人
注意過、尊重過，同廣泛應用過

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我於是諗創辦一間赤腳學院

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一間只為窮人開辦嘅學院

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將窮人認為重要嘅想法體現喺學院裏邊

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第一次去到個農村

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年紀老邁嘅長者過嚟問我：

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「你係咪通緝犯？」

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我話：「唔係。」

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（笑聲）

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「考試肥佬？」

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我話唔係

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「搵唔到政府工？」

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我話唔係

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「咁你過嚟做咩？點解要嚟呢度？

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印度嘅教育制度

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只會令你嚮往巴黎、新德里
或者蘇黎世呢啲地方。

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你嚟我哋鄉下到底做咩？

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你係唔係有嘢瞞住我哋未講？」

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我話：「冇，

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我只想為窮人創辦一間學院。

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窮人認為重要嘅想法
可以喺學院裏邊體現出嚟。」

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呢啲長者給咗我好多建設性嘅提議

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佢哋話：

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「唔好畀有學歷或者證書嘅人
入呢間學院。」

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所以我哋係印度唯一一間
唔請博士同碩士嘅學院

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（笑聲）

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你必須要係逃學者
考試唔合格，或者輟學

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先至能夠入嚟我哋學院

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你必須用勞力做嘢

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唔會因為勞動而羞恥

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要向社區證明你有佢哋所需要嘅技能

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同埋服務社區

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所以我哋開始咗赤腳學院

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我哋將「專業」重新定義

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咁點先算一名專家？

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專家指嘅係嗰啲
有能力、自信心同信念嘅人

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搵水源嘅人係專家

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接生婆同樣係專家

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鐵打師傅都係專家

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專家遍佈世界各地

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你可以喺任何偏僻嘅村落
揾到佢哋嘅身影

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我哋認為我哋要畀呢啲人

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喺我哋主流社會裏邊

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證明佢哋擁有嘅知識同技能
係全世界都需要嘅

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正因為呢啲知識同技能今日仲有用

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佢哋應該推展到全世界同埋廣泛應用

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呢間學院奉行
聖雄甘地嘅生活同工作文化

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食飯、瞓覺同工作都喺地下

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冇有合同，從來都唔需要簽合同

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你可以喺度做廿年，然後聽日就走

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無人可以一個月賺取多過一百美金

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如果你想賺錢，你就嚟錯咗地方嘞

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如果你愛工作而且愛挑戰
赤腳學院歡迎你

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呢度我哋想你測試瘋狂嘅想法

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無論係點嘅想法，都可以大膽嘗試

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失敗無所謂

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最多咪重頭嚟過

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呢度係唯一一間
老師同學生身份互換嘅學院

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同時亦係唯一一間唔頒證書嘅學院

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你嘅學歷係由你服務嘅社區嚟鑑定

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你唔需要喺牆上掛起一張證書
嚟證明你係工程師

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當村民聽到我呢番話

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佢哋話：「好啊，你用行動實踐呀。

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如果你做唔成，

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你講嘅全部都係廢話。」

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所以喺 1986 年

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我哋成立第一間赤腳學院

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係十二位連字都唔識嘅建築師

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以每平方呎 $1.5 美金嘅成本
興建咗呢間學院

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一百五十人喺嗰度住同做嘢

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2002 年時佢哋獲頒阿迦汗建築獎

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但評委懷疑有其他建築師參與

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於是我話畀佢哋︰「的確有，

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但佢哋只係畫藍圖，

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而落手落腳起嘅
只有赤腳學院嘅建築師。」

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因為佢哋唔信我哋赤腳學院嘅建築師

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而且我哋認為佢哋喺度誹謗

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所以我哋係唯一一個得獎者
將五萬蚊獎金還返畀主辦方

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我問一位林務員

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一位權威、有學歷證書嘅專家

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我問︰「你可以喺度起咩？」

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他望一望泥土，話︰

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「算數啦，冇可能。根本唔值得。

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無水，周圍都係岩石地。」

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我開始有啲擔憂

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我話：「咁好啦，
我去問下村嘅長老。」

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我問呢度可以種咩

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長老望住我講︰

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「你起呢個，放呢個，咁就得㗎嘞。」

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學院今日就係咁嘅樣

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我記得當時我上去屋頂望

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但所有嘅婦女都話︰

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「出去，男人唔上得嚟，

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因為我哋唔想同男人分享呢門技術，

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事關宜家喺房頂整緊防水工程。」

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（笑聲）

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防水材料有棕櫚糖、蕁麻

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仲有一啲我唔知嘅嘢

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但佢的確防水

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1986 年到宜家都無漏過水

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呢門技術，婦女唔會同男士分享㗎嘞

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（笑聲）

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呢間亦係唯一完全由太陽能供電嘅學院

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所有電力嚟自太陽

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四萬五千瓦嘅太陽能板裝喺屋頂

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今後 25 年都係靠曬太陽

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只要有陽光，我哋就唔怕冇電

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但呢樣嘢獨特在

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佢係由一位受過只有八年小學教育

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從來冇讀過中學或者讀大學嘅
印度教牧師裝嵌

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我敢講佢喺太陽能方面嘅知識
全世界無人能及

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如果你嚟到赤腳學院

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所有食物都係靠太陽能煮熟

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而組裝太陽能烹調器具嘅人
全部都係唔識字嘅女性

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佢哋組裝咗最尖端複雜
呈拋物線形狀嘅太陽能烹調用具

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不幸嘅係，佢哋幾乎有一半德國血統

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或者係咁，佢哋做嘢非常精確

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（笑聲）

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你無可能揾到做嘢咁精確嘅印度女性

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成個器具嘅製作過程就全靠佢哋

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我哋每日兩餐飯，一餐六十份
全靠太陽能煮好

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學院有一位牙醫

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佢係一位唔識字、而且有孫嘅阿婆

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但佢真係牙醫，仲幫七千名兒童睇牙

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赤腳科技：

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呢年係 1986 年

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當時無工程師、無建築師諗到

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但我哋諗到收集屋頂雨水

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所以咁多年嚟我哋浪費咗好少水

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所有屋頂嘅水槽都同地底
一個有四十萬升容量嘅水箱連接

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所有水都唔會浪費

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即使發生四年乾旱

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因為儲雨水嘅關係
我哋嘅學院都唔會缺水

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另外，六成小朋友
因為幫屋企而無機會返學

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呢啲小朋友要睇住動物︰山羊、綿羊

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仲要理埋家頭細務

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有見及此

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我哋決定為呢啲孩子開辦夜校

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因為呢啲夜校

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令超過七萬五千個細路都有得返學

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夜校嘅出現係因為孩子嘅需要

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而唔係為咗方便老師

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我哋學校教咩？

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民主、公民資格

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點樣測量土地

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俾人拉之後要做嘅嘢

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生畜病咗點算

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呢啲都係我哋夜校教嘅知識

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所有學校仲係完全靠太陽能供電

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每到五年，我哋搞一次選舉

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六至十四歲嘅兒童
都會喺呢個民主選舉裏邊投票

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選出一個總理

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現任總理係一個十二歲嘅女仔

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佢朝早看住二十隻羊

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但夜晚就做返總理

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佢有自己內閣

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有教育部長、能源部長、衛生部長

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佢同內閣負責監督同管理
150 間學校 7,000 名學生

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五年前呢位總理得到世界兒童獎

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佢仲去咗瑞典攞獎添

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佢第一次離開條村

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佢從未去過瑞典

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但佢對當時嘅場面都一啲唔驚訝

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瑞典皇后當時都喺度

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佢問我：「你可唔可以
問下呢個小朋友，

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佢嘅自信邊度嚟？

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佢先得十二歲，但完全唔驚嘅？」

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企喺皇后左邊嘅呢個細路女
轉身對住我，望住皇后

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然後同我講：
「話畀佢知，我係總理。」

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（笑聲）

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（掌聲）

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喺文盲率太高嘅地方，我哋用木偶溝通

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木偶就成為我哋溝通嘅方式

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呢個三百歲嘅木偶，佢叫喬金查查

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佢係我嘅心理分析師、我嘅導師

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我嘅醫生、我嘅律師、我嘅捐贈者

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佢幫我籌款，解決爭執

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仲幫助村落解決問題

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如果村落發生糾紛

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如果返學嘅出席率少咗

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如果老師同家長發生磨擦

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木偶會叫老師同家長嚟到全村人面前

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然後講「握手言和，出席率唔可以跌」

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呢啲木偶仲係用回收返嚟嘅
世界銀行報告書整成

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（笑聲）

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（掌聲）

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呢個用太陽能為條村供電嘅方法
唔單止容易做到

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而且仲拓展到成個印度

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從拉達克到不丹

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所有太陽能供電嘅村
都係由受過培訓嘅人去做

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我去咗拉達克

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問咗一位當地婦女

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喺呢度，零下四十度

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因為室內無地方匿，屋兩邊又俾雪覆蓋

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你只能夠喺屋頂爬出嚟

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我哋問佢：

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「太陽能發電對你有咩好處？」

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佢唸咗一陣，答：

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「佢令我第一次喺冬天
見到我老公個樣。」

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（笑聲）

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嚟到阿富汗…

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我哋喺印度學識嘅一件事︰

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男人係教唔識嘅

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（笑聲）

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佢哋唔願意靜落嚟

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但係又雄心勃勃、易衝動

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而且都想要張沙紙
證明自己實力

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（笑聲）

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你會發覺世界各地嘅男士
都想要一張證書

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點解？

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因為佢哋想離開村落，去城市揾工

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我哋諗到一個好辦法，就係訓練阿婆

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如今世上最好嘅溝通方式係咩？

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電視？唔係

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電報？唔係

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電話？唔係

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向女性傾訴

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（笑聲）

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（掌聲）

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我哋第一次嚟到阿富汗時

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揀咗三位女性

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同當地人講︰
「我哋想帶佢哋返印度。」

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當地人話︰「冇可能。

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佢哋連自己間房都出唔到去，
點會同你去印度！」

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我話：「我哋可以妥協，
可以畀佢哋老公一齊嚟。」

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結果佢哋老公跟埋嚟

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當然，女性比男性更有智慧

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喺六個月內，我哋係點樣練呢啲女性？

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手語

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唔用文字

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唔用講嘢

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只用手語

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就喺六個月內

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佢哋就成為咗太陽能工程師

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佢哋返去自己條村度
裝設太陽能發電設施

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呢啲女性返去

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為阿富汗第一條村提供太陽能電力
同開辦工作坊

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阿富汗第一個靠太陽能發電嘅村落
就靠三位女性親手建立

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呢位女性係一個非比尋常嘅婆婆

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55 歲，已經為阿富汗二百間房屋
提供太陽能電力

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而且無一間冧過

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呢位阿婆去咗阿富汗政府嘅工程部門

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話畀個部門知交流電同直流電嘅分別

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而嗰位部長唔知個分別

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嗰三位女性又再培訓另外 27 位女性

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為阿富汗一百條村實現太陽能發電

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我哋去咗非洲，做咗同樣嘅事

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呢啲女性嚟自八、九個國家，坐埋一齊

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講唔同嘅語言，互相傾偈

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只係唔會聽得明對方講嘢

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但佢哋嘅肢體語言犀利

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足以令佢哋可以明白對方

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就係咁，佢哋學有所成
成為咗太陽能工程師

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我亦都去咗塞拉利昂

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有一晚個首相經過呢條村

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佢揸返轉頭，問呢度發生咗咩事

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村民話：「就係呢兩位阿婆…」

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「阿婆？」首相難以置信

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「佢哋去咗邊度？」

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啲人答︰「佢哋喺印度返嚟。」

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首相之後見總統，話：

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「你知唔知我哋國家
有一個靠太陽能供電嘅村？」

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總統話：「唔知道。」

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第二日內閣一半嘅成員
都去拜訪呢啲阿婆

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佢哋想知點樣做到

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總統傳召咗我

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問我可唔可以幫佢培訓 150 位阿婆

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我話：「總統，我唔得。

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不過呢啲阿婆可以做到。」

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總統為我哋喺塞拉利昂
興建咗第一間赤腳培訓中心

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之後有 150 位阿婆喺呢度受訓

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喺甘比亞，我哋都挑選咗一位阿婆

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我哋去咗呢條村

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我好知道要揀邊個女性

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但成條村嘅人都推薦：
「呢兩位女性適合。」

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我話：「唔係，我想要呢位女士。」

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佢哋話：「點解？

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你同佢溝通唔到，你又唔識佢。」

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我話：「我鍾意佢嘅身體語言，
同埋佢講嘢嘅方式。」

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但啲人話，佢老公比較麻煩

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咁我哋叫佢老公出嚟

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佢老公大搖大擺行過嚟

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十足政客咁，揸住手機話「唔得！」

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我問點解？

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佢話︰「睇下我老婆幾靚。」

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我話：「係，佢係好靚。」

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佢話：「如果佢同某個
印度男人私奔，咁點算？」

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呢個係佢最大顧慮

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我話：「佢會開心生活，

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每日同你喺電話傾偈。」

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我想講，佢離開之前嘅性格十足阿婆咁

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但返到嚟之後就成隻老虎咁

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佢返到嚟，落咗飛機

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好似退役士兵咁接受記者訪問

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佢應付到全國嘅傳媒

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就好似一位明星咁

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我六個月之後返去搵佢

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問佢老公去咗邊

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佢話：「唔知去咗邊度滾，
但我懶得理。」

00:17:28.360 --> 00:17:30.000
（笑聲）

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成功嘅案例

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（笑聲）

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00:17:34.000 --> 00:17:37.880
（掌聲）

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最後，我想講

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你唔使去出邊先揾到解決方法

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聽下周圍嘅人嘅建議

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佢哋總會畀到解決方法你

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而且全世界都揾到呢啲人

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所以你唔使煩惱

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唔好聽世界銀行講

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聽實實在在、唔離地嘅普通人講

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佢哋知道點樣解決問題

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最後我引用聖雄甘地一句話

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「佢哋開頭忽視你，

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然後嘲笑你，

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繼而同你爭，

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最後你就係贏家。」

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多謝大家

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（掌聲）