WEBVTT 00:00:06.502 --> 00:00:13.663 In a Moment of Vision... 00:00:13.663 --> 00:00:15.061 It's 1816. 00:00:15.061 --> 00:00:17.973 A 35-year-old doctor by the name of René Laennec 00:00:17.973 --> 00:00:20.173 is walking through Paris. 00:00:20.173 --> 00:00:23.803 He pauses to watch as two children signal to each other 00:00:23.803 --> 00:00:27.273 across a long piece of wooden board. 00:00:27.273 --> 00:00:29.613 One child holds the board to her ear. 00:00:29.613 --> 00:00:31.333 The other scratches the opposite end 00:00:31.333 --> 00:00:36.673 sending the amplified sound down the length of wood. 00:00:36.673 --> 00:00:42.185 Later, Laennec is called to assess a young woman with a heart condition. 00:00:42.185 --> 00:00:45.144 The patient is purportedly quite well developed 00:00:45.144 --> 00:00:47.264 and Laennec expresses some hesitation 00:00:47.264 --> 00:00:51.494 in pressing his ear directly against her chest. 00:00:51.494 --> 00:00:53.454 Remembering the children with the board, 00:00:53.454 --> 00:00:56.875 Laennec, in a moment of vision and dignity, 00:00:56.875 --> 00:00:59.372 tightly rolls a sheet of paper 00:00:59.372 --> 00:01:01.553 and places one end to his ear 00:01:01.553 --> 00:01:06.304 and one end over the young woman's heaving bosom. 00:01:06.304 --> 00:01:10.593 He is delighted by the clarity of the sound. 00:01:10.593 --> 00:01:14.405 Laennec spends the next three years developing and testing various materials 00:01:14.405 --> 00:01:15.766 and mechanisms 00:01:15.766 --> 00:01:20.165 before settling on a hollow wooden tube with detachable plug. 00:01:20.165 --> 00:01:21.963 His device becomes the forerunner 00:01:21.963 --> 00:01:26.255 to the metal, plastic, and rubber stethoscope we still use today.