[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.47,0:00:02.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As far back as, you know, 17th century England,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.40,0:00:03.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was a law that said that
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.77,0:00:05.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a man could beat his wife with a stick
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.88,0:00:08.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so long as it wasn't thicker than his thumb (i.e. "rule of thumb")
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.61,0:00:10.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, and we still have that idea today.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.81,0:00:13.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when we talk about things like Cell 16 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_16]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.08,0:00:14.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Brooklyn Women's Martial Arts,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.58,0:00:17.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other forms of feminist self defense,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.28,0:00:19.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we shouldn't look at it as just a physical self defense,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.62,0:00:22.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also this growing recognition that
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.29,0:00:24.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that there are all sorts of ways that violence impacts women's lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.94,0:00:29.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to make sure that people who might be abusive and violent
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.23,0:00:31.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know that every eye in the community is on them.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.20,0:00:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prisons and policing often protect those in power
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.74,0:00:40.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and do very little to nothing to those who, for those who don't have any power.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.64,0:00:45.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, they might decide that they don't necessarily need to act or intervene in some cases.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.41,0:00:48.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Andrea Smith, one of the co-founders of Incite,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.92,0:00:52.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually talked about one very public incident in which
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.12,0:00:55.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a woman who was in a housing project in a city
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.77,0:00:59.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called the police because of a domestic violence incident with her partner.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.09,0:01:02.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when the police arrived, they decided, they looked around the projects
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.10,0:01:03.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and decided that,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.56,0:01:06.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no, this woman actually didn't qualify for their protection,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.69,0:01:08.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they didn't want to enter the public housing area
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.64,0:01:11.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to try to ascertain what was going on
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.14,0:01:13.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and possibly arrest the person who had abused her.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.94,0:01:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And she got incensed, and asked for their badge number,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.98,0:01:20.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they decided that they were going to further brutalize her
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.58,0:01:22.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by beating her and arresting her and taking her in
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.85,0:01:24.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on some bogus charge
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.75,0:01:26.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because she had demanded that they offer her
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.85,0:01:28.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the same protection that they would
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.69,0:01:31.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a white middle class woman living in an affluent suburban neighbourhood.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.29,0:01:37.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've also seen that, um, especially in communities where the police
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.93,0:01:40.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are not seen as protectors,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.17,0:01:42.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like low income communities of colour,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.17,0:01:43.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or poor neighbourhoods,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.80,0:01:45.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that for a woman to call the police
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.64,0:01:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and invite them into the neighbourhood
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.21,0:01:50.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often ostracizes her from the rest of the community.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.08,0:01:51.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the community will see her as
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.28,0:01:55.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,calling the police in to further terrorize the community.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.08,0:01:58.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so whatever support she might have gotten from her friends and her neighbours
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.52,0:02:01.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and her co-workers and everybody else in the neighbourhood disappears
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.59,0:02:03.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when she calls the police in.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.22,0:02:05.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So all these factors put women more at risk
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.06,0:02:07.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when they call in the police.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.73,0:02:11.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, again, it doesn't necessarily mean that the abuse is going to stop,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.03,0:02:15.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because either the police showing up and arresting the person
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.17,0:02:16.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right then and there,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.20,0:02:18.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and taking him out of commission for 24 hours,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.60,0:02:24.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or, the police arresting the person and then pressuring the woman to file charges
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.61,0:02:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and often holding threats of perhaps removing her children,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.78,0:02:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or doing something else over her head,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.98,0:02:33.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,communities haven't been able to develop,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.25,0:02:35.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or haven't developed other means to solve,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.32,0:02:37.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, interpersonal violence or abuse,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.76,0:02:43.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so therefore, if the only solution seems to be to call in this, to call in the police,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.10,0:02:45.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the police can use this then as a way to say well
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.63,0:02:50.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have to be in these "higher crime, higher violence communities" to prevent violence,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.87,0:02:54.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without actually addressing all the other ways that violence can take place,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.68,0:02:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without it necessarily being like one person physically hurting another person.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.72,0:03:03.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't want to pinpoint one as THE root cause,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.22,0:03:05.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but some of the root causes are
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.05,0:03:07.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this idea that women are the property of men,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.20,0:03:11.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So as far back as 17th century England, there was a law that said
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.09,0:03:13.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that a man could beat his wife with a stick,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.46,0:03:16.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so long as it wasn't thicker that his thumb (i.e. "rule of thumb")
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.03,0:03:17.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, and we still have that idea today,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.100,0:03:23.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that women are somehow the property of the men that they are in relationships with,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.17,0:03:27.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether it be their fathers, or their husbands, or their boyfriends, or sons.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.31,0:03:30.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's this idea that it is OK to
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.78,0:03:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to exert power by any means necesary,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.32,0:03:37.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether it be like physical abuse, or emotional abuse, or mental abuse,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.75,0:03:39.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or controlling someone economically.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.79,0:03:44.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In East Harlem, In New York,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.32,0:03:46.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a primarily black and brown, poor community,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.66,0:03:48.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in New York City,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.42,0:03:50.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,um, residents formed what they called, um,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.76,0:03:51.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what do they call them...
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.86,0:03:53.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Neighbourhood Watches,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.10,0:03:55.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they would actually go to the apartment
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.17,0:03:59.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of somebody who was involved in a domestically violent situation,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.04,0:04:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either because the woman asked them to,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.00,0:04:02.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or because a neighbour called in a complaint,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.88,0:04:05.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they actually went to the apartment,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.91,0:04:09.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they physically moved themselves in to the apartment for a while.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.62,0:04:11.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And obviously they couldn't live in this apartment forever,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.92,0:04:14.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they would be there for a few days,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.02,0:04:16.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the abusive partner would know
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.16,0:04:19.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he couldn't do anything while they were there,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.56,0:04:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even after they moved out,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.50,0:04:23.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he knew that they could come back
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.30,0:04:26.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that basically the community had taken it upon itself
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.73,0:04:29.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to say that we won't stand for this kind of violence,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.47,0:04:31.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this kind of abuse any more.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.97,0:04:34.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the mid- 1990's there was a group called
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.64,0:04:36.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sista to Sista,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.43,0:04:39.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,s-i-s-t-a, not s-i-s-t-e-r
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.48,0:04:42.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a group of predominantly black and brown women,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.72,0:04:44.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Bushwick area (north Brooklyn),
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.48,0:04:47.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they recognized that they had to address
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.25,0:04:49.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interpersonal violence and state violence,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.79,0:04:51.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so one of the things that they did was
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.16,0:04:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they started the sister circles,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.56,0:04:56.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,understanding that they couldn't necessarily rely on
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.63,0:04:58.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the police to help them,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.100,0:05:02.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially when police were coming into this community, their communities,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.40,0:05:04.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and murdering people.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.02,0:05:05.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, two young women of colour
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.41,0:05:08.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were murdered around 2000 by the police,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.34,0:05:13.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there was like no, you know, like huge state outcry, there was no big shake-up
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.71,0:05:15.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the fact that the police had murdered two young women.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.98,0:05:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they also recognized that there was a lot of interpersonal violence that was going on
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.32,0:05:22.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that needed to be addressed as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.36,0:05:24.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they started forming what they called the sister circles,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.59,0:05:26.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which they actually talked to each other,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.36,0:05:29.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they devised ways in which they could address abuse
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.16,0:05:31.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without relying on policing and prisons.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.60,0:05:33.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one example that was given was
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.03,0:05:35.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the women came to the sister circles and said
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.24,0:05:39.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my ex boyfriend has been stalking me, you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.11,0:05:41.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he's been psychologically intimidating me,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.21,0:05:46.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm getting worried that this is going to keep escalating until he becomes
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.28,0:05:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,physically violent with me.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.18,0:05:50.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they talked with her, and they devised a plan,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.95,0:05:55.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, I'm going to like shorten the version, because I'm sure a lot of planning went on,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.02,0:05:58.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it wasn't like they just like automatically had this instinct.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.19,0:06:00.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what they did was,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.06,0:06:03.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they went and confronted him at the barber shop where he worked,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.16,0:06:04.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in front of all his co-workers,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.66,0:06:06.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and said look, this is what you're doing to this woman,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.73,0:06:08.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you need to stop.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.40,0:06:09.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what happened was,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.27,0:06:11.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the men in the barber shop that worked with him said
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.77,0:06:14.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hey, that's really messed up, you need to stop,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.81,0:06:17.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and his boss even said if I hear about this again,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.24,0:06:19.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're fired.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.18,0:06:21.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, like you are not going to be harassing this woman any more.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.41,0:06:24.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is the kind of thing that they were doing,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.52,0:06:26.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they couldn't rely on the police
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.23,0:06:27.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep them safe.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.49,0:06:31.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cell 16 was a women's liberation group,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.28,0:06:33.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it actually, it was formed in the late 1960's,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.46,0:06:36.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think maybe by the early 1970's had disbanded.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.16,0:06:41.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But during their time they were based in the Boston area of Massachusetts.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.30,0:06:42.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They did several things.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.37,0:06:45.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They did patrols of areas in which working class women were
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.60,0:06:48.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,getting out of factory shifts late at night.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.64,0:06:53.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they understood that women who didn't have resources to say, like,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.20,0:06:55.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have someone come pick them up, or didn't have their own cars,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.72,0:06:59.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were vulnerable to violence when they were getting off their factory shifts late at night,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.59,0:07:01.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and walking to the public transportation.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.79,0:07:04.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what they would do, is they would patrol
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.32,0:07:06.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in pairs, or you know, in groups,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.79,0:07:09.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they would offer to walk women to where they were going.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.86,0:07:11.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So whether it be walking them to the train station
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.90,0:07:13.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and making sure they safely got into the train station,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.77,0:07:15.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or walking them to their houses,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.50,0:07:19.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make sure, again, like the sisterhood societies, that they were safe
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.41,0:07:22.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from external threats, relying on this idea that there's safety in numbers.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.48,0:07:25.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they would watch out for suspicious behaviour,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.95,0:07:26.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.68,0:07:28.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's not the same "suspicious behaviour"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.28,0:07:30.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the government tells you to, like, look for today.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.82,0:07:33.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But you know, like, hey, there's this man that seems to be standing there,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.69,0:07:37.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, for absolutely no, you know, no purpose, like,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.06,0:07:38.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what are his intentions?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.72,0:07:40.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is he going to assault somebody?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.23,0:07:42.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or is he waiting for his girlfriend or his wife to get off of work?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.96,0:07:46.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, but actually putting
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.16,0:07:48.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,potential assailants on notice too,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.03,0:07:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that there were people involved in, you know, like watching out for everyone's safety.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.34,0:08:00.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They also were one of the first women's groups to offer self defense classes for women
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.01,0:08:01.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a feminist slant.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.18,0:08:02.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sot they actually said, you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.48,0:08:05.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,women have the right to be safe and secure in their own bodies,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.08,0:08:07.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they need to have the skill set and the tools
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.25,0:08:10.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be able to defend themselves physically,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.27,0:08:12.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they are attacked,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.06,0:08:15.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so they offered free Taekwondo classes to women
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.26,0:08:17.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that women could learn to defend themselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.26,0:08:19.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they weren't always needing to rely on somebody else to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.71,0:08:26.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1974, 1975, going on this same premise that women have the right to be safe
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.17,0:08:28.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and secure in their own bodies,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.31,0:08:31.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two feminist martial arts activists
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.78,0:08:36.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nadia Telsey and Annie Ellman started Battered Women's, oh, sorry,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.15,0:08:39.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Brooklyn Women's Martial Arts, um, in Brooklyn New York,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.86,0:08:44.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they basically started the first dojo specifically for women,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.42,0:08:48.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which they wanted women to be able to train and learn how to defend themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.19,0:08:54.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They made it sliding-scale, so that if a woman couldn't afford to pay for classes,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.80,0:08:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she didn't have to, or if she could only afford to pay a little bit she could,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.00,0:09:00.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and women who could afford to pay more, did.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.14,0:09:03.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they also offered childcare at all of their classes,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.88,0:09:06.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,understanding that they didn't want women with children to say
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.91,0:09:11.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, I can't take these classes because I don't have a safe place to put my child
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.06,0:09:12.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or my children,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.72,0:09:16.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, and also understanding that when women become mothers,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.22,0:09:18.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're just as vulnerable, if not more vulnerable to violence,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.90,0:09:20.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you know they don't necessarily have all the
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.69,0:09:24.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,access and resources and mobility that, you know, single women might.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.83,0:09:27.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, and, this is, their dojos continued on to this day,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.73,0:09:32.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the 1980's they re-named themselves The Center for Anti-Violence Education,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.65,0:09:35.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recognizing that it's not just women who face violence.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.98,0:09:41.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Um, so they actually started doing trainings for, um, transgender people,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.21,0:09:45.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they started doing trainings for, after 9/11, they started doing trainings for
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.25,0:09:47.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,groups that were specifically working with South Asian populations
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.92,0:09:51.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that were more vulnerable to the racist backlash post 9/11,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.66,0:09:54.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and like, how to like, deal with safety and security
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.43,0:09:56.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just from the physical aspect,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.50,0:09:59.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also tactics like de-escalation, knowing what to look for, like
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.53,0:10:04.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trying to get a situation away from a dangerous place,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.27,0:10:07.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without actually having to use your fists.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.01,0:10:09.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They also recognized that
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.11,0:10:12.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,violence is one of the things that held all these different types of oppression together,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.85,0:10:16.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they weren't just focussing on violence against women,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.58,0:10:18.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and white-washing this idea of women,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.32,0:10:20.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they were understanding that
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.65,0:10:24.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,women with the least amount of resources were the most vulnerable to violence.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.29,0:10:26.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, like, women of colour would be vulnerable
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.59,0:10:28.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not only to interpersonal violence,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.23,0:10:30.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but were more vulnerable to state violence as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.83,0:10:32.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, and violence from the police;
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.16,0:10:35.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and weren't necessarily in a position to be able to call the police.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.70,0:10:38.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Poor women were less likely to be able to get away
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.57,0:10:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they were poor and they didn't have the resources and opportunities to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.98,0:10:47.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so they did a lot of work around also educating people around the fact that
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.55,0:10:49.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are all these different oppressions that intersect,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.58,0:10:53.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can see violence as one of the glues that holds together all these oppressions.