0:00:01.076,0:00:03.998 Here is the first meeting type, 0:00:03.998,0:00:06.329 done by creating a simple circle 0:00:06.329,0:00:08.926 and asking the children many questions 0:00:09.325,0:00:13.634 aimed to create a connection 0:00:13.634,0:00:17.072 between what they know about concrete life 0:00:17.072,0:00:20.591 and conceptions like memory, [br]Google, computer, internet, 0:00:20.591,0:00:22.887 which have substantially smoothed over [br] 0:00:22.887,0:00:24.852 ... a sort of Russian salad. 0:00:24.852,0:00:27.509 At a certain point we took an old computer 0:00:28.901,0:00:33.499 which they were free to explore. 0:00:33.922,0:00:37.558 They got excited,. It was put on a table 0:00:38.161,0:00:42.017 and the pieces were disassembled[br]and commented, 0:00:42.017,0:00:45.973 always using the same question-baseed approach. 0:00:46.372,0:00:48.809 Spontaneous groups were formed 0:00:48.809,0:00:51.937 with the aim to deepen certain aspects[br] 0:00:52.521,0:00:55.043 After about an hour, [br]the children were invited 0:00:55.043,0:00:56.153 to sit in a circle, 0:00:57.310,0:01:00.741 thing that they speedily did,[br]with my great amazement 0:01:00.741,0:01:04.303 because they were really enthusiastic[br]about what they were doing 0:01:04.821,0:01:07.369 and we suggested to make a survey. 0:01:07.369,0:01:09.558 They all volunteered to go [br]to the blackboard. 0:01:09.558,0:01:11.555 Luckly, the teachers selected a few 0:01:11.555,0:01:13.518 because I wouldn't have known[br]how to handle that. 0:01:13.518,0:01:17.402 The survey was about their habits, the[br]video games 0:01:17.402,0:01:20.053 and computer they use, tablets, and so on. 0:01:20.469,0:01:24.216 In the following sequence, we see[br]the second meeting type 0:01:24.216,0:01:28.192 where the children are offered[br]the four computer kits 0:01:28.643,0:01:31.155 and theas well as four video cameras. 0:01:31.155,0:01:34.665 Children are divided into four groups[br]of four 0:01:35.261,0:01:37.245 and the roles are well assigned: 0:01:37.245,0:01:42.308 one child records the video;[br]one writes the story; 0:01:42.308,0:01:44.857 one draws and the last one works on 0:01:44.857,0:01:51.535 building the computer [br]or operates on it eventually- 0:01:51.993,0:01:55.072 Then assembling process proceeds 0:01:55.072,0:02:01.555 and the role of the different parts is explained to the children. 0:02:01.945,0:02:05.568 The children build, write, document, 0:02:05.907,0:02:09.059 and as you can see, [br]this is a slow approach. 0:02:09.059,0:02:14.148 We also suggest them to use[br]the instruction manual 0:02:14.148,0:02:17.216 that they must try to follow. 0:02:17.216,0:02:21.748 The booklet is written in English[br]but the illustrations are very clear. 0:02:21.748,0:02:27.170 This also allows us to discuss[br]the meaning of some English words. 0:02:27.559,0:02:30.561 They get help if they ask for it 0:02:30.561,0:02:34.950 but always according to the principle[br]of minimal intrusion, 0:02:34.950,0:02:36.401 simply showing them how to operate 0:02:36.401,0:02:40.187 but letting them complete the task 0:02:40.187,0:02:43.024 and actually do the work. 0:02:43.408,0:02:50.044 Always, or almost always, [br]they achieved the goal, 0:02:50.469,0:02:54.565 and with great concentration,[br]as can be seen with this little girl. 0:02:54.565,0:02:59.757 Collaboration is great too:[br]hands helping one another, 0:02:59.757,0:03:04.157 not clashing,; collaboration between[br]the different roles. 0:03:04.790,0:03:07.730 I can't deny I was deeply impressed 0:03:07.730,0:03:10.534 by the diligence of these children. 0:03:10.971,0:03:18.090 Nothing to do with the idea I got [br]from the public discourse 0:03:18.090,0:03:22.988 about children bad manners, restlessness, superficiality. 0:03:23.525,0:03:27.674 I felt that if children are respected[br]as persons 0:03:27.979,0:03:32.702 and if they are offered things related[br]to their own reality, 0:03:32.702,0:03:38.011 they are also, to my mind, [br]very, very disciplined. 0:03:38.350,0:03:43.858 Asconcerning the myth that digital natives[br]refuse to use the instruction manual:[br] 0:03:43.858,0:03:48.517 it depends. If they are put in a situation where they can take[br]advantage from it, they will use it. 0:03:48.997,0:03:52.596 as, for instance, in rder to resolve the not easy task[br] 0:03:52.596,0:03:55.711 of attaching correctly the delicate jack 0:03:55.711,0:04:00.778 of the audio speaker[br]to the computer's board 0:04:00.828,0:04:02.709 a delicate operation. 0:04:02.709,0:04:05.014 Roles were managed naturally: 0:04:05.014,0:04:07.579 for instance, if a child got tired[br]of making video recordings 0:04:07.579,0:04:09.973 and another -- like this little girl --[br]asked to take over, 0:04:09.973,0:04:12.052 we let them do it. 0:04:12.052,0:04:17.736 Once the computer was built,[br]time was over, or almost over, 0:04:17.736,0:04:22.284 so it was time for reading the texts. 0:04:22.670,0:04:29.798 As it was late, I offered [br]to disassemble the computers myself. 0:04:30.289,0:04:36.248 To my surprise, the children asked instead 0:04:36.248,0:04:37.961 if they could disassemble them themselves. 0:04:38.258,0:04:43.151 And they did it with an impressive accuracy. 0:04:43.440,0:04:46.661 I found some boxes[br]-- they all put everything back 0:04:46.661,0:04:51.556 but some put all parts back 0:04:51.556,0:04:54.694 exactly as they found them, [br]with all the wires coiled 0:04:54.694,0:04:57.101 and each part at the right place. 0:04:57.320,0:04:59.623 In the last part, the narrations[br]were read 0:04:59.623,0:05:01.680 the drawings were shown. 0:05:01.680,0:05:06.961 The monitors got connected only[br]during the following meeting. 0:05:06.961,0:05:09.757 Computers were built more quickly 0:05:09.757,0:05:12.673 because the children were already experts in that 0:05:12.997,0:05:16.394 and then the monitors got connected,[br]and thus they were able to 0:05:16.649,0:05:17.999 start exploring them. 0:05:18.328,0:05:21.234 They immediately found a game, Minecraft, 0:05:21.234,0:05:24.757 with which they obviously started [br]at once to play 0:05:24.757,0:05:29.668 and in that case we let them play freely 0:05:29.668,0:05:32.652 so that they could find a link[br]with the world they know.