1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:01,000 Hola, soy John Green 2 00:00:01,000 --> 00:00:02,000 y esto es Curso Intensivo Historia Mundial 3 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:06,000 y hoy vamos a regresar--desafortunadamente por última vez en Curso Intensivo-- 4 00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:07,000 a China. 5 00:00:07,000 --> 00:00:08,000 Por cierto, Stan llevó magdalenas. 6 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:09,000 Eso es bueno. 7 00:00:09,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Desearía encontrar similitudes entre esto y China, 8 00:00:13,000 --> 00:00:14,000 pero no puedo. 9 00:00:14,000 --> 00:00:14,000 Sólo es deliciosa. 10 00:00:14,000 --> 00:00:17,000 Estoy seguro de que te voy a extrañar, pedazo de fieltro que Danica recortó en la forma de China 11 00:00:17,000 --> 00:00:20,000 usando azul porque creíamos que rojo sería estereotipado. 12 00:00:20,000 --> 00:00:21,000 ¡Sr. Green, Sr. Green, Sr. Green! 13 00:00:21,000 --> 00:00:24,000 No te permito hablar hasta que afeites el bigote, Yo Del Pasado. 14 00:00:24,000 --> 00:00:26,000 Pues, el siglo XX fue bastante importante para China porque había 15 00:00:26,000 --> 00:00:28,000 no uno, sino dos revoluciones. 16 00:00:28,000 --> 00:00:32,000 La revolución de China en 1911 podría ser más importante desde la perspectiva histórica del mundo 17 00:00:32,000 --> 00:00:34,000 que la revolución más famosa comunista en 1949, 18 00:00:34,000 --> 00:00:36,000 pero no sabrías eso porque 19 00:00:36,000 --> 00:00:39,000 1. el comunismo de China se volvió un asunto muy importante durante la Guerra Fría, 20 00:00:39,000 --> 00:00:42,000 y 2. Mao Zedong, el padre de China comunista, 21 00:00:42,000 --> 00:00:44,000 hizo mucho autopromoción. 22 00:00:44,000 --> 00:00:46,000 Como, ¿conoces su libro famoso de máximas? 23 00:00:46,000 --> 00:00:49,000 Prácticamente todos en China 24 00:00:59,000 --> 00:01:02,000 25 00:01:02,000 --> 00:01:04,000 26 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:07,000 27 00:01:07,000 --> 00:01:09,000 28 00:01:09,000 --> 00:01:10,000 29 00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:15,000 30 00:01:15,000 --> 00:01:16,000 31 00:01:16,000 --> 00:01:19,000 32 00:01:19,000 --> 00:01:20,000 Pues, como te recuerdas, sin duda, de episodios pasados de Curso Intensivo, 33 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:21,000 China perdió las Guerras del Opio en el siglo XIX, 34 00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:23,000 lo que conllevó la dominación europea, las áreas de influencia, et cetera, 35 00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:01,000 todo lo que fue muy embarazoso para la Dinastía Qing 36 00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:02,000 y provocó llamamientos a la reforma. 37 00:02:08,000 --> 00:02:11,000 38 00:02:11,000 --> 00:02:13,000 tecnología militar europea y sistemas educativos europeos 39 00:02:19,000 --> 00:02:20,000 era llamado autofortalecimiento, 40 00:01:16,000 --> 00:01:19,000 y probablemente habría sido una buena idea, 41 00:01:19,000 --> 00:01:20,000 considerando que funcionó muy bien en Japón. 42 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:21,000 Pero nunca ocurrió en China-- 43 00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:23,000 o, bueno, no hasta últimamente. 44 00:01:23,000 --> 00:01:24,000 En vez del autofortalecimiento, 45 00:01:24,000 --> 00:01:28,000 en el año 1900 ocurrió en China el Levantamiento de los bóxers, un movimiento anti-occidental 46 00:01:28,000 --> 00:01:31,000 que inspiró a algunos , incluyendo a un hombre llamado Sun Yat-sen, 47 00:01:31,000 --> 00:01:33,000 a conspirar para derrocar la dinastía. 48 00:01:33,000 --> 00:01:33,000 ¡Oh!, 49 00:01:33,000 --> 00:01:38,000 ya es hora de la carta abierta 50 00:01:38,000 --> 00:01:40,000 Una carta abierta a Sun Yat-sen. 51 00:01:40,000 --> 00:01:40,000 Pero primero, 52 00:01:40,000 --> 00:01:43,000 vemos lo que hay en el compartimento secreto. 53 00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:45,000 54 00:01:45,000 --> 00:01:47,000 Stan, ¿a esta altura no exageramos 55 00:01:47,000 --> 00:01:50,000 que los fuegos artificiales fueron inventados en China? 56 00:01:50,000 --> 00:01:52,000 ¡Guau! 57 00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:54,000 Eso es innovación. 58 00:01:54,000 --> 00:01:56,000 59 00:01:56,000 --> 00:01:59,000 y ahora podemos disparar seis a la vez, si cuentan los dos secretos 60 00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:00,000 61 00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:01,000 Querido Sun Yat-sen, 62 00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:02,000 ¡eras increíble! 63 00:02:02,000 --> 00:02:05,000 64 00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:06,000 65 00:02:06,000 --> 00:02:08,000 66 00:02:08,000 --> 00:02:11,000 Eres la única cosa en la cual están de acuerdo. 67 00:02:11,000 --> 00:02:13,000 Viviste en China, Japón, los Estados Unidos, 68 00:02:13,000 --> 00:02:17,000 69 00:02:17,000 --> 00:02:19,000 70 00:02:19,000 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