[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.32,0:00:01.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [David] Hello readers,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.23,0:00:03.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today I want to talk about vocabulary
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.21,0:00:06.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how many English words\Nhave Greek or Latin roots
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.58,0:00:10.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,embedded in them and how you\Ncan use that to your advantage.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.17,0:00:13.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The story of why English has\NGreek and Latin in it at all
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.32,0:00:14.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is super fascinating to me
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.83,0:00:16.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if I allowed myself, I'd go off
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.27,0:00:17.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on a big old tangent about it
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.43,0:00:18.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but let's save that for another time.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.89,0:00:20.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Suffice it to say that English has
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.56,0:00:25.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Latin and Greek chunks in\Nit for fun history reasons
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.27,0:00:27.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and let's just leave it at that for now.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.29,0:00:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not gonna say that you need to be able
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.92,0:00:31.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to speak modern Greek\Nor read ancient Latin
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.39,0:00:32.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to understand English
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.56,0:00:34.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but many complicated words are made up
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.60,0:00:37.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of little language building\Nblocks that we can break apart,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.35,0:00:40.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using the power of understanding!
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.26,0:00:41.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(explosion)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.86,0:00:42.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was cool right?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.69,0:00:43.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm cool?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.53,0:00:44.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm cool.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.55,0:00:47.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm gonna introduce some\Nvocabulary about vocabulary now,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.81,0:00:49.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so brace yourselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.24,0:00:51.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's this idea of a root word.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.70,0:00:54.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take the word dent,\Nwhich is Latin for tooth.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.62,0:00:57.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From that root word, we can\Nget the adjective dental,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.57,0:00:59.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which means about teeth,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.31,0:01:01.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the noun dentist, which means a person
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.73,0:01:03.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who specializes in teeth,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.03,0:01:05.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the noun dentures,\Nwhich are false teeth.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.86,0:01:08.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what a root is.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.71,0:01:11.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now you can also combine\Nroots to make words.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.03,0:01:14.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The word phot is Greek for light,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.41,0:01:19.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the root graph comes from\Nthe Greek for writing.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.64,0:01:22.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You put those together, you get photograph
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.80,0:01:25.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or writing with light.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.60,0:01:27.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's kind of poetic, isn't it?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.96,0:01:32.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To this understanding, let\Nus add the idea of an affix.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.45,0:01:36.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Affixes aren't words or roots\Nbut they are word particles
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.67,0:01:38.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that convey meaning.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.09,0:01:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe you've heard of\Nprefixes and suffixes,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.46,0:01:43.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you have, these are\Nboth types of affixes.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.75,0:01:45.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prefixes attach at the\Nfront end of a word,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.92,0:01:48.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whereas suffixes attach at the back end.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.30,0:01:52.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An example of a suffix would\Nbe logy, meaning the study of
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.25,0:01:53.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the science of.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.75,0:01:55.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we can make a bunch of words with logy,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.71,0:01:59.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like biology, that's supposed\Nto be a little amoeba;
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.84,0:02:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cetology, the study or science of whales;
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.91,0:02:06.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anthropology, the study of human beings;
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.21,0:02:10.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cosmology, the study of the universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.64,0:02:13.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you see a logy, it's\Ngoing to be some kind of science
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.94,0:02:16.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or specialized area of study.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.46,0:02:19.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A good example of a prefix\Nwould be the Greek para,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.41,0:02:21.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which means alongside.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.61,0:02:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So a paralegal is someone\Nwho works alongside lawyers,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.50,0:02:26.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a paramedic works alongside doctors
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.79,0:02:28.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if your house is\Nhaunted, you don't need
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.83,0:02:31.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a normal pest control expert\Nto get rid of the ghost,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.20,0:02:33.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you need a paranormal pest control expert,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.88,0:02:36.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one that is alongside\Nbut not within normalcy
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.94,0:02:40.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and thus, you call the Ghostbusters.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.28,0:02:43.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what does all of this\Nmean for you as a reader?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.89,0:02:46.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well when I encounter a\Nword I don't understand,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.60,0:02:49.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's like I had been\Nwalking down a hallway
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.49,0:02:52.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and was suddenly confronted\Nwith a locked door.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.43,0:02:57.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's frustrating but the\Nmagic, the power of studying
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.27,0:02:59.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,roots, prefixes and suffixes\Nis that when you master
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.74,0:03:03.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a small handful of them,\Nyou suddenly become
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.11,0:03:05.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the proud owner of a ring of keys.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.29,0:03:10.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Doors fling themselves open\Nfor you, you can go anywhere,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.04,0:03:13.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can understand any concept,\Nany piece of vocabulary.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.46,0:03:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An army of locked doors fall\Noff their hinges all at once
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.00,0:03:18.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you approach.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.48,0:03:19.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't believe me?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.81,0:03:21.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll show you.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.18,0:03:24.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While excavating the foundation\Nfor a geothermal plant,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.77,0:03:28.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my companion Neha found a fossil.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.06,0:03:31.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Upon closer inspection, she\Nrealized it was a pterodactyl.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.36,0:03:35.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wow, lot of big words in\Nthat little paragraph.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.36,0:03:37.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, watch this.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.74,0:03:39.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Excavating,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.40,0:03:41.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so hollowing out.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.87,0:03:45.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Foundation, bottom-making.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.30,0:03:48.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Geothermal, Earth heat.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.78,0:03:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Companion, so this is someone\Nyou would eat bread with,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.40,0:03:57.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so bread together, who do\Nwe eat bread together with?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.74,0:03:59.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our friends.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.47,0:04:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Inspection,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.22,0:04:02.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,looking in
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.86,0:04:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or closer
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.14,0:04:05.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and pterodactyl,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.54,0:04:08.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pter means wing,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.67,0:04:10.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dactyl means finger,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.69,0:04:13.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is a prehistoric winged reptile.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.62,0:04:17.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So while she was digging in the ground
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.02,0:04:20.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to prepare the bottom of a\Nplant that gets electricity
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.35,0:04:24.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the heat of the Earth,\Nmy friend Neha found a fossil.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.90,0:04:27.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When she looked at it\Nclosely, she realized it was
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.08,0:04:30.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a flying reptile with fingery wings.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.93,0:04:32.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you see what I mean about keys?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.36,0:04:34.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Studying roots and\Naffixes gives me the power
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.83,0:04:37.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to look at those words\Nand crack them apart.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.39,0:04:39.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're not so big now, vocabulary word.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.95,0:04:43.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have no power over me!
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.08,0:04:46.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Studying roots, prefixes\Nand suffixes will give you
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.24,0:04:47.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that same power.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.67,0:04:50.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I promise you it is awesome,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.11,0:04:54.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like, literally it fills\Nme with a sense of awe.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.09,0:04:57.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The power is yours for the taking.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.20,0:05:00.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can learn anything, David out.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.96,0:05:05.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay are we doing those\Nfun history reasons though?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.38,0:05:08.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, the short version\Nis that first the Romans
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.78,0:05:12.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then some Vikings, then\Nsome French Vikings invaded
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.33,0:05:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the island of Great\NBritain a bunch of times
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.44,0:05:17.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the last 1500 years,\Nshaping the language
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.19,0:05:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and making what I like to\Ncall French-shaped dents
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.66,0:05:22.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Germanic structure of English.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.95,0:05:24.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,English is a Germanic language,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.89,0:05:26.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,French is a Romance language,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.83,0:05:28.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meaning not that it is full of love
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.96,0:05:32.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that it is an offshoot\Nof Latin or you know, Roman.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.99,0:05:36.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,French took root in 11th Century\NEnglish and merged with it,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.23,0:05:39.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grafting an enormous amount\Nof Greek and Latin vocabulary
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.87,0:05:43.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on to a German root stock.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.24,0:05:46.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We often reach for Latin\Nand Greek compounds
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.20,0:05:47.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we compose new words,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.61,0:05:50.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is why we say television in English,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.08,0:05:52.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which comes from the Greek\Ntele, meaning far away,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.85,0:05:55.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Latin vire, meaning to see.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.02,0:05:58.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we reached for Germanic\Nroots to make new words,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.05,0:06:01.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we'd call a television a\Nfarseer because indeed,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.71,0:06:05.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's what the word is\Nin German, fernsehen.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.40,0:06:09.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So why do we have Greek and\NLatin in our vocabulary?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.16,0:06:12.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because England was\Ncolonized by French speakers
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.02,0:06:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost a thousand years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.00,0:06:15.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine what English will sound like
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.41,0:06:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in another thousand years.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.70,0:06:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyway, thanks for coming\Non this tangent with me.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.70,0:06:22.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,David out for real this time, bye.