[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.40,0:00:02.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Теорията за сблъсъците
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.23,0:00:05.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,може да бъде свързана с разпределения на Максуел-Болцман.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.13,0:00:07.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Първо ще започнем с теорията за сблъсъците.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.59,0:00:09.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Теорията за сблъсъците ни казва, че частиците трябва да се сблъскат
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.97,0:00:13.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,в правилната ориентация и с достатъчно кинетична енергия,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.86,0:00:17.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,че да преодолеят бариерата на активационната енергия.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.37,0:00:21.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Нека разгледаме реакцията, в която А реагира с В и С,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.13,0:00:24.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,за да образува АВ + С.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.42,0:00:28.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,На енергиен прфил имаме реактантите тук,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.24,0:00:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,вляво.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.58,0:00:33.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Атом А е оцветен в червено
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.66,0:00:36.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,и имаме молекула ВС тук.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.59,0:00:39.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Тези две частици трябва да се сблъскат,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.79,0:00:43.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,за да протече реакцията
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.15,0:00:45.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,и трябва да се сблъскат с достатъчно енергия,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.40,0:00:48.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,че да преодолеят бариерата на активационната енергия.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.07,0:00:51.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Активационната енергия на енергиен профил
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.21,0:00:52.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,е разликата в енергията
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.25,0:00:56.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,между пикът тук, който е преходното състояние,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.01,0:00:57.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,и енергията на реактантите.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.61,0:01:01.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Тази енергия тук е активационната енергия.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.81,0:01:04.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Минималното количество енергия, което е необходимо,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.03,0:01:06.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,за да протече реакцията.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.77,0:01:09.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ако тези частици се сблъскат с достатъчно енергия,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.83,0:01:13.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,можем да преминем през тази бариера на активационната енергия
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.92,0:01:17.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,и реакцията може да превърне реактантите в два продукта.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.02,0:01:22.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ако реактантните частици не се ударят с достатъчно енергия,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.09,0:01:25.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,те просто отскачат едни от други
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.34,0:01:27.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,и реакцията ни никога не протича.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.07,0:01:30.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Никога не преодоляваме тази бариера на активационната енергия.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.82,0:01:33.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Като аналогия, нека помислим за удрянето на топка за голф.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.42,0:01:35.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Да си представим, че имаме хълм
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.31,0:01:37.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,и от дясната страна на хълма
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.15,0:01:39.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,има дупка тук долу,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.05,0:01:42.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,а от лявата страна на хълма е топката ни за голф.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.70,0:01:45.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.72,0:01:47.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.92,0:01:49.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.97,0:01:53.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.05,0:01:55.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.32,0:01:58.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.58,0:02:02.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.08,0:02:06.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.39,0:02:11.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.23,0:02:13.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.73,0:02:16.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.16,0:02:18.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.47,0:02:23.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.77,0:02:26.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.63,0:02:28.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.79,0:02:30.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.35,0:02:33.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.77,0:02:35.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.19,0:02:37.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.74,0:02:40.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.16,0:02:42.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.81,0:02:45.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.37,0:02:48.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.40,0:02:52.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.79,0:02:55.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.16,0:03:00.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.38,0:03:02.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.84,0:03:04.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.16,0:03:06.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.42,0:03:07.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.82,0:03:10.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.29,0:03:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.98,0:03:15.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.79,0:03:19.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.82,0:03:22.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.09,0:03:24.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.45,0:03:28.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.19,0:03:31.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.31,0:03:34.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.13,0:03:38.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.40,0:03:40.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.31,0:03:43.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.85,0:03:47.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.92,0:03:50.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.45,0:03:52.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.12,0:03:54.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.92,0:03:57.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.41,0:03:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.64,0:04:01.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.49,0:04:03.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.62,0:04:06.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.61,0:04:09.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.64,0:04:14.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.55,0:04:17.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.87,0:04:21.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.67,0:04:23.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.61,0:04:26.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.44,0:04:29.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.75,0:04:31.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.52,0:04:34.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.89,0:04:37.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.76,0:04:42.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.85,0:04:46.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.61,0:04:48.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.84,0:04:52.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.72,0:04:57.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.06,0:04:59.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.60,0:05:02.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.40,0:05:05.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.48,0:05:07.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.69,0:05:11.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.39,0:05:13.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.01,0:05:14.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.64,0:05:19.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.82,0:05:24.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.30,0:05:27.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.77,0:05:29.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.24,0:05:32.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.35,0:05:36.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.03,0:05:40.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.36,0:05:43.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.38,0:05:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.21,0:05:48.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.82,0:05:50.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.44,0:05:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.44,0:05:56.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.52,0:06:00.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.18,0:06:02.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.75,0:06:05.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.18,0:06:06.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.51,0:06:09.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.25,0:06:12.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.33,0:06:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.88,0:06:17.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.96,0:06:21.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.35,0:06:24.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.45,0:06:25.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.90,0:06:28.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.15,0:06:30.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.27,0:06:33.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.78,0:06:36.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.69,0:06:40.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.84,0:06:44.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.53,0:06:46.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.73,0:06:48.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.58,0:06:51.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.84,0:06:54.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.09,0:06:56.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.77,0:06:59.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.48,0:07:02.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.36,0:07:06.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.42,0:07:08.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.88,0:07:12.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.01,0:07:14.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.64,0:07:15.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.95,0:07:18.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.37,0:07:20.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.79,0:07:23.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.03,0:07:25.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,