WEBVTT 00:00:05.301 --> 00:00:08.214 HI, EVERYONE. SAL KHAN HERE FROM KHAN ACADEMY. 00:00:08.238 --> 00:00:09.648 SAL KHAN HERE FROM KHAN ACADEMY. WELCOME TO OUR HOME ROOM LIVE 00:00:09.672 --> 00:00:09.783 WELCOME TO OUR HOME ROOM LIVE STREAM. 00:00:09.807 --> 00:00:12.318 STREAM. I'M VERY EXCITED ABOUT OUR GUEST 00:00:12.342 --> 00:00:12.452 I'M VERY EXCITED ABOUT OUR GUEST TODAY. 00:00:12.476 --> 00:00:13.986 TODAY. WE HAVE SATYA NADELLA, CEO OF 00:00:14.010 --> 00:00:14.121 WE HAVE SATYA NADELLA, CEO OF MICROSOFT. 00:00:14.145 --> 00:00:15.654 MICROSOFT. BUT BEFORE WE JUMP INTO THAT 00:00:15.678 --> 00:00:17.189 BUT BEFORE WE JUMP INTO THAT CONVERSATION, I WILL GIVE MY 00:00:17.213 --> 00:00:18.791 CONVERSATION, I WILL GIVE MY STANDARD ANNOUNCEMENT, A 00:00:18.815 --> 00:00:20.893 STANDARD ANNOUNCEMENT, A REMINDER THAT KHAN ACADEMY IS A 00:00:20.917 --> 00:00:22.228 REMINDER THAT KHAN ACADEMY IS A NOT FOR PROFIT ORGANIZATION, WE 00:00:22.252 --> 00:00:23.896 NOT FOR PROFIT ORGANIZATION, WE CAN ONLY EXIST THROUGH 00:00:23.920 --> 00:00:24.630 CAN ONLY EXIST THROUGH PHILANTHROPIC DONATIONS FROM 00:00:24.654 --> 00:00:25.599 PHILANTHROPIC DONATIONS FROM FOLKS LIKE YOURSELVES. 00:00:25.623 --> 00:00:27.400 FOLKS LIKE YOURSELVES. SO IF YOU'RE IN A POSITION TO DO 00:00:27.424 --> 00:00:31.103 SO IF YOU'RE IN A POSITION TO DO SO, PLEASE THINK ABOUT GOING TO 00:00:31.127 --> 00:00:31.202 SO, PLEASE THINK ABOUT GOING TO KHANACADEMY.ORG/DONATE. 00:00:31.226 --> 00:00:33.272 KHANACADEMY.ORG/DONATE. I WANT TO GIVE A SPECIAL THANKS 00:00:33.296 --> 00:00:34.907 I WANT TO GIVE A SPECIAL THANKS TO SEVERAL ORGANIZATIONS THAT 00:00:34.931 --> 00:00:36.542 TO SEVERAL ORGANIZATIONS THAT HAVE STEPPED OUT OF THE WOOD 00:00:36.566 --> 00:00:38.477 HAVE STEPPED OUT OF THE WOOD WORK WHEN THEY SAW THAT EVEN 00:00:38.501 --> 00:00:40.746 WORK WHEN THEY SAW THAT EVEN PROCOVID WE WERE RUNNING AT A 00:00:40.770 --> 00:00:42.181 PROCOVID WE WERE RUNNING AT A DEFICIT, AND THEN AS COVID HIT 00:00:42.205 --> 00:00:44.116 DEFICIT, AND THEN AS COVID HIT AS YOU CAN IMAGINE KHAN 00:00:44.140 --> 00:00:45.918 AS YOU CAN IMAGINE KHAN ACADEMY'S TRAFFIC HAS GONE UP 00:00:45.942 --> 00:00:46.553 ACADEMY'S TRAFFIC HAS GONE UP DRAMATICALLY. 00:00:46.577 --> 00:00:47.920 DRAMATICALLY. THEY HELPED US CLOSE THAT 00:00:47.944 --> 00:00:49.588 THEY HELPED US CLOSE THAT DEFICIT, WE ARE STILL RUNNING A 00:00:49.612 --> 00:00:51.090 DEFICIT, WE ARE STILL RUNNING A DEFICIT, BUT SPECIAL THANKS TO 00:00:51.114 --> 00:00:56.095 DEFICIT, BUT SPECIAL THANKS TO BANK OF AMERICA, GOOGLE.ORG, 00:00:56.119 --> 00:00:57.296 BANK OF AMERICA, GOOGLE.ORG, NOVARTIS, FASTLY AND AT&T AND 00:00:57.320 --> 00:00:59.265 NOVARTIS, FASTLY AND AT&T AND THE AMGEN FOUNDATION AND MANY 00:00:59.289 --> 00:01:00.533 THE AMGEN FOUNDATION AND MANY OTHER ORGANIZATIONS THAT HELPED 00:01:00.557 --> 00:01:02.134 OTHER ORGANIZATIONS THAT HELPED SUPPORT KHAN ACADEMY OVER THE 00:01:02.158 --> 00:01:02.302 SUPPORT KHAN ACADEMY OVER THE YEARS. 00:01:02.326 --> 00:01:03.536 YEARS. BUT IF YOU'RE IN A POSITION TO 00:01:03.560 --> 00:01:05.938 BUT IF YOU'RE IN A POSITION TO DO SO, PLEASE THINK ABOUT MAKING 00:01:05.962 --> 00:01:06.673 DO SO, PLEASE THINK ABOUT MAKING A DONATION. 00:01:06.697 --> 00:01:09.175 A DONATION. SO WITH THAT OUT OF THE WAY, I'M 00:01:09.199 --> 00:01:11.010 SO WITH THAT OUT OF THE WAY, I'M SUPER EXCITED TO INTRODUCE OUR 00:01:11.034 --> 00:01:13.913 SUPER EXCITED TO INTRODUCE OUR GUEST, SATYA NADELLA, A MAN WHO 00:01:13.937 --> 00:01:16.582 GUEST, SATYA NADELLA, A MAN WHO MIGHT NOT NEED ANY INTRODUCTION, 00:01:16.606 --> 00:01:17.616 MIGHT NOT NEED ANY INTRODUCTION, CEO OF MICROSOFT. 00:01:17.640 --> 00:01:18.918 CEO OF MICROSOFT. SATYA, THANKS FOR JOINING US. 00:01:18.942 --> 00:01:20.152 SATYA, THANKS FOR JOINING US. THANK YOU SO MUCH, SAL. 00:01:20.176 --> 00:01:23.122 THANK YOU SO MUCH, SAL. IT IS SUCH A PLEASURE TO BE WITH 00:01:23.146 --> 00:01:23.290 IT IS SUCH A PLEASURE TO BE WITH YOU. 00:01:23.314 --> 00:01:25.424 YOU. SO THERE IS A LOT TO TALK 00:01:25.448 --> 00:01:26.259 SO THERE IS A LOT TO TALK ABOUT OBVIOUSLY IN THE WORLD. 00:01:26.283 --> 00:01:28.594 ABOUT OBVIOUSLY IN THE WORLD. WE WERE BRIEFLY TALKING ABOUT IT 00:01:28.618 --> 00:01:29.962 WE WERE BRIEFLY TALKING ABOUT IT BEFORE THE LIVE STREAM GOT 00:01:29.986 --> 00:01:30.063 BEFORE THE LIVE STREAM GOT STARTED. 00:01:30.087 --> 00:01:31.831 STARTED. I WANT TO ENCOURAGE ANYONE WHO 00:01:31.855 --> 00:01:33.999 I WANT TO ENCOURAGE ANYONE WHO IS WATCHING OVER YOUTUBE OR 00:01:34.023 --> 00:01:35.000 IS WATCHING OVER YOUTUBE OR FACEBOOK, YOU CAN PUT YOUR 00:01:35.024 --> 00:01:36.235 FACEBOOK, YOU CAN PUT YOUR QUESTIONS IN THE MESSAGE BOARDS 00:01:36.259 --> 00:01:38.137 QUESTIONS IN THE MESSAGE BOARDS AND WE HAVE TEAM MEMBERS WHO ARE 00:01:38.161 --> 00:01:39.972 AND WE HAVE TEAM MEMBERS WHO ARE GOING TO SURFACE THE INTERESTING 00:01:39.996 --> 00:01:40.774 GOING TO SURFACE THE INTERESTING QUESTIONS, NOT TO PUT ANY 00:01:40.798 --> 00:01:42.575 QUESTIONS, NOT TO PUT ANY JUDGMENT ON THE THINGS WE DON'T 00:01:42.599 --> 00:01:42.742 JUDGMENT ON THE THINGS WE DON'T SURFACE. 00:01:42.766 --> 00:01:44.643 SURFACE. WE'LL SURFACE AS MUCH AS WE CAN. 00:01:44.667 --> 00:01:46.412 WE'LL SURFACE AS MUCH AS WE CAN. BUT SATYA, YOU KNOW, I REALLY 00:01:46.436 --> 00:01:47.947 BUT SATYA, YOU KNOW, I REALLY WANT TO START ON A PERSONAL 00:01:47.971 --> 00:01:50.749 WANT TO START ON A PERSONAL LEVEL AND THEN KIND OF SPIRAL 00:01:50.773 --> 00:01:51.718 LEVEL AND THEN KIND OF SPIRAL OUT FROM THERE. 00:01:51.742 --> 00:01:53.118 OUT FROM THERE. YOU KNOW, YOU'RE A CEO OF 00:01:53.142 --> 00:01:55.421 YOU KNOW, YOU'RE A CEO OF MICROSOFT, ONE OF THE MOST 00:01:55.445 --> 00:01:57.456 MICROSOFT, ONE OF THE MOST SUCCESSFUL STORIED LARGEST TECH 00:01:57.480 --> 00:01:59.391 SUCCESSFUL STORIED LARGEST TECH COMPANIES, FIRMS IN THE WORLD. 00:01:59.415 --> 00:02:00.327 COMPANIES, FIRMS IN THE WORLD. DID YOU IMAGINE THAT THIS IS 00:02:00.351 --> 00:02:01.594 DID YOU IMAGINE THAT THIS IS WHERE YOU WOULD END UP BEING? 00:02:01.618 --> 00:02:02.828 WHERE YOU WOULD END UP BEING? WHAT DID YOU THINK YOU WERE 00:02:02.852 --> 00:02:03.463 WHAT DID YOU THINK YOU WERE GOING TO DO? 00:02:03.487 --> 00:02:04.964 GOING TO DO? WE HAVE A LOT OF YOUNG PEOPLE 00:02:04.988 --> 00:02:05.765 WE HAVE A LOT OF YOUNG PEOPLE WATCHING, WHAT DID YOU THINK YOU 00:02:05.789 --> 00:02:08.133 WATCHING, WHAT DID YOU THINK YOU WERE GOING TO DO WHEN YOU WERE A 00:02:08.157 --> 00:02:09.835 WERE GOING TO DO WHEN YOU WERE A TEENAGER IN YOUR EARLY 20s? 00:02:09.859 --> 00:02:12.204 TEENAGER IN YOUR EARLY 20s? FOR SURE I DIDN'T IMAGINE 00:02:12.228 --> 00:02:14.306 FOR SURE I DIDN'T IMAGINE THAT THIS IS WHERE I WOULD END 00:02:14.330 --> 00:02:15.875 THAT THIS IS WHERE I WOULD END UP, SAL. 00:02:15.899 --> 00:02:19.111 UP, SAL. I GREW UP IN INDIA, GREW UP IN 00:02:19.135 --> 00:02:25.951 I GREW UP IN INDIA, GREW UP IN THE CITY OF DELHI, BUT MOSTLY IN 00:02:25.975 --> 00:02:26.086 THE CITY OF DELHI, BUT MOSTLY IN HYDROBAD. 00:02:26.110 --> 00:02:28.220 HYDROBAD. IN THE '70s WHEN I WAS GROWING 00:02:28.244 --> 00:02:29.755 IN THE '70s WHEN I WAS GROWING UP, IT IS NOT WHAT IT IS TODAY. 00:02:29.779 --> 00:02:31.490 UP, IT IS NOT WHAT IT IS TODAY. IT IS A PLACE WHERE IT IS A 00:02:31.514 --> 00:02:34.059 IT IS A PLACE WHERE IT IS A LITTLE REMOVED FROM WHERE THE 00:02:34.083 --> 00:02:36.529 LITTLE REMOVED FROM WHERE THE MAINSTREAM OF INDIA, IT IS 00:02:36.553 --> 00:02:37.897 MAINSTREAM OF INDIA, IT IS BEFORE SATELLITE TELEVISION, 00:02:37.921 --> 00:02:39.965 BEFORE SATELLITE TELEVISION, BEFORE EVEN A LOT OF THE 00:02:39.989 --> 00:02:41.600 BEFORE EVEN A LOT OF THE AMERICAN POP CULTURE SORT OF 00:02:41.624 --> 00:02:43.369 AMERICAN POP CULTURE SORT OF SHOWED UP WHERE I WAS GROWING 00:02:43.393 --> 00:02:43.503 SHOWED UP WHERE I WAS GROWING UP. 00:02:43.527 --> 00:02:47.473 UP. BUT I MUST SAY, WHEN I REFLECT 00:02:47.497 --> 00:02:50.075 BUT I MUST SAY, WHEN I REFLECT BACK, I SOMEHOW HAD THE SPACE 00:02:50.099 --> 00:02:52.177 BACK, I SOMEHOW HAD THE SPACE AND TIME TO EXPLORE AND I 00:02:52.201 --> 00:02:54.046 AND TIME TO EXPLORE AND I REMEMBER THE SUMMERS, I WAS 00:02:54.070 --> 00:02:55.781 REMEMBER THE SUMMERS, I WAS RECENTLY RECOUNTING THIS TO MY 00:02:55.805 --> 00:02:57.349 RECENTLY RECOUNTING THIS TO MY OWN DAUGHTERS, I READ A LOT OF 00:02:57.373 --> 00:02:59.318 OWN DAUGHTERS, I READ A LOT OF RUSSIAN AUTHORS, PLAYED A LOT OF 00:02:59.342 --> 00:03:02.021 RUSSIAN AUTHORS, PLAYED A LOT OF CRICKET, THOSE PERHAPS WERE MORE 00:03:02.045 --> 00:03:02.489 CRICKET, THOSE PERHAPS WERE MORE MY PASSION. 00:03:02.513 --> 00:03:04.690 MY PASSION. AND THEN LATER ON, IN FACT, I 00:03:04.714 --> 00:03:06.659 AND THEN LATER ON, IN FACT, I ALWAYS SAY SOMEHOW I'M A PRODUCT 00:03:06.683 --> 00:03:09.094 ALWAYS SAY SOMEHOW I'M A PRODUCT OF TWO GREAT AMERICAN THINGS. 00:03:09.118 --> 00:03:09.729 OF TWO GREAT AMERICAN THINGS. SOMEHOW AMERICAN TECHNOLOGY 00:03:09.753 --> 00:03:11.096 SOMEHOW AMERICAN TECHNOLOGY REACHED ME WHERE I WAS GROWING 00:03:11.120 --> 00:03:13.098 REACHED ME WHERE I WAS GROWING UP, FELL IN LOVE WITH THE 00:03:13.122 --> 00:03:15.901 UP, FELL IN LOVE WITH THE COMPUTING AND ITS EARLY FORM, 00:03:15.925 --> 00:03:18.337 COMPUTING AND ITS EARLY FORM, AND THEN LATER ON, WAS ABLE TO 00:03:18.361 --> 00:03:19.972 AND THEN LATER ON, WAS ABLE TO COME HERE FOR EDUCATION, AND 00:03:19.996 --> 00:03:23.075 COME HERE FOR EDUCATION, AND THEN GET A JOB AND ENLIGHTENED 00:03:23.099 --> 00:03:24.109 THEN GET A JOB AND ENLIGHTENED AMERICAN IMMIGRATION POLICY THAT 00:03:24.133 --> 00:03:27.379 AMERICAN IMMIGRATION POLICY THAT LED ME TO LIVE THE AMERICAN 00:03:27.403 --> 00:03:27.547 LED ME TO LIVE THE AMERICAN DREAM. 00:03:27.571 --> 00:03:29.248 DREAM. AND SO THAT'S SORT OF HOW IT ALL 00:03:29.272 --> 00:03:29.849 AND SO THAT'S SORT OF HOW IT ALL CAME ABOUT. 00:03:29.873 --> 00:03:32.151 CAME ABOUT. BUT FOR CLEARLY MY FIRST 00:03:32.175 --> 00:03:35.154 BUT FOR CLEARLY MY FIRST PASSIONS WERE MORE I WOULD SAY 00:03:35.178 --> 00:03:36.689 PASSIONS WERE MORE I WOULD SAY CRICKET AND CRICKET AND MAYBE A 00:03:36.713 --> 00:03:40.225 CRICKET AND CRICKET AND MAYBE A LITTLE BIT OF LITERATURE. 00:03:40.249 --> 00:03:41.927 LITTLE BIT OF LITERATURE. YOU THOUGHT YOU WERE GOING TO 00:03:41.951 --> 00:03:43.562 YOU THOUGHT YOU WERE GOING TO BE A CRICKETEER. 00:03:43.586 --> 00:03:47.499 BE A CRICKETEER. WE HAVE QUESTIONS COMING IN FROM 00:03:47.523 --> 00:03:47.734 WE HAVE QUESTIONS COMING IN FROM YOUTUBE. 00:03:47.758 --> 00:03:49.535 YOUTUBE. THEY'RE ASKING A SIMILAR 00:03:49.559 --> 00:03:51.503 THEY'RE ASKING A SIMILAR QUESTION, WHAT INSPIRED YOU TO 00:03:51.527 --> 00:03:53.639 QUESTION, WHAT INSPIRED YOU TO SEEK YOUR EDUCATION IN THE U.S.? 00:03:53.663 --> 00:03:55.541 SEEK YOUR EDUCATION IN THE U.S.? OR WHAT INSPIRED YOU TO KIND OF 00:03:55.565 --> 00:03:56.842 OR WHAT INSPIRED YOU TO KIND OF SEEK OPPORTUNITY IN THE U.S.? 00:03:56.866 --> 00:04:00.613 SEEK OPPORTUNITY IN THE U.S.? I MEAN, TO ME, BY THE TIME I 00:04:00.637 --> 00:04:02.982 I MEAN, TO ME, BY THE TIME I WAS IN THE UNDERGRAD SYSTEM IN 00:04:03.006 --> 00:04:05.184 WAS IN THE UNDERGRAD SYSTEM IN INDIA, AND I WAS DOING... I DID 00:04:05.208 --> 00:04:06.318 INDIA, AND I WAS DOING... I DID ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, IT WAS 00:04:06.342 --> 00:04:08.320 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, IT WAS CLEAR IN MY MIND THAT, IN FACT, 00:04:08.344 --> 00:04:12.191 CLEAR IN MY MIND THAT, IN FACT, I LOOK BACK AT IT I GOT A 00:04:12.215 --> 00:04:13.026 I LOOK BACK AT IT I GOT A RENAISSANCE EDUCATION FOR TECH. 00:04:13.050 --> 00:04:14.660 RENAISSANCE EDUCATION FOR TECH. WHAT I MEAN BY THAT, I STARTED 00:04:14.684 --> 00:04:16.261 WHAT I MEAN BY THAT, I STARTED AT THE VERY BOTTOM OF THE TECH 00:04:16.285 --> 00:04:18.998 AT THE VERY BOTTOM OF THE TECH STACK, RIGHT, WHICH IS THE 00:04:19.022 --> 00:04:20.699 STACK, RIGHT, WHICH IS THE TRANSISTOR, AND SLOWLY STARTED 00:04:20.723 --> 00:04:22.935 TRANSISTOR, AND SLOWLY STARTED BUILDING UP MY LEVEL OF 00:04:22.959 --> 00:04:23.069 BUILDING UP MY LEVEL OF ABSTRACTION. 00:04:23.093 --> 00:04:25.204 ABSTRACTION. I WAS CLEAR I WANTED TO COME TO 00:04:25.228 --> 00:04:28.841 I WAS CLEAR I WANTED TO COME TO THE U.S., DO COMPUTER SCIENCE, 00:04:28.865 --> 00:04:31.644 THE U.S., DO COMPUTER SCIENCE, AND, YOU KNOW, HOPE TO... I WAS 00:04:31.668 --> 00:04:33.178 AND, YOU KNOW, HOPE TO... I WAS NOT CLEAR I WOULD GET TO STAY 00:04:33.202 --> 00:04:35.481 NOT CLEAR I WOULD GET TO STAY HERE, BUT I CLEARLY WANTED TO 00:04:35.505 --> 00:04:37.516 HERE, BUT I CLEARLY WANTED TO WORK IN THE COMPUTING INDUSTRY. 00:04:37.540 --> 00:04:39.318 WORK IN THE COMPUTING INDUSTRY. SO THAT'S WHAT LED ME TO 00:04:39.342 --> 00:04:40.519 SO THAT'S WHAT LED ME TO EDUCATION... OR TO COME TO 00:04:40.543 --> 00:04:43.288 EDUCATION... OR TO COME TO GRADUATE SCHOOL AND THEN DO WHAT 00:04:43.312 --> 00:04:44.024 GRADUATE SCHOOL AND THEN DO WHAT I SUBSEQUENTLY DID. 00:04:44.048 --> 00:04:45.724 I SUBSEQUENTLY DID. AND WHAT IS YOUR SENSE, YOU 00:04:45.748 --> 00:04:47.192 AND WHAT IS YOUR SENSE, YOU KNOW, FAST-FORWARD A LITTLE BIT, 00:04:47.216 --> 00:04:49.428 KNOW, FAST-FORWARD A LITTLE BIT, YOU ENTER INTO INDUSTRY AND 00:04:49.452 --> 00:04:50.397 YOU ENTER INTO INDUSTRY AND OBVIOUSLY BY... I'VE KNOWN YOU 00:04:50.421 --> 00:04:52.398 OBVIOUSLY BY... I'VE KNOWN YOU FOR MANY YEARS, WE HAD 00:04:52.422 --> 00:04:53.565 FOR MANY YEARS, WE HAD CONVERSATIONS AT VARIOUS EVENTS, 00:04:53.589 --> 00:04:54.600 CONVERSATIONS AT VARIOUS EVENTS, I'M NOT SAYING THIS JUST TO BE 00:04:54.624 --> 00:04:57.136 I'M NOT SAYING THIS JUST TO BE NICE TO YOU, YOU'RE INCREDIBLY 00:04:57.160 --> 00:04:58.203 NICE TO YOU, YOU'RE INCREDIBLY HUMBLE, APPROACHABLE PERSON. 00:04:58.227 --> 00:05:00.539 HUMBLE, APPROACHABLE PERSON. I FIND THESE EVENTS, I'M 00:05:00.563 --> 00:05:01.874 I FIND THESE EVENTS, I'M INTIMIDATED BY A LOT OF FOLKS 00:05:01.898 --> 00:05:03.575 INTIMIDATED BY A LOT OF FOLKS BUT I GRAVITATE TO YOU BECAUSE I 00:05:03.599 --> 00:05:04.710 BUT I GRAVITATE TO YOU BECAUSE I FEEL COMFORTABLE TALKING TO YOU. 00:05:04.734 --> 00:05:06.211 FEEL COMFORTABLE TALKING TO YOU. WHAT DO YOU THINK IS ABOUT... 00:05:06.235 --> 00:05:09.048 WHAT DO YOU THINK IS ABOUT... WHAT TRAITS DID YOU HAVE OR WAYS 00:05:09.072 --> 00:05:10.983 WHAT TRAITS DID YOU HAVE OR WAYS OF VIEWING THE WORLD THAT YOU 00:05:11.007 --> 00:05:12.851 OF VIEWING THE WORLD THAT YOU THINK ALLOWED YOU TO BE 00:05:12.875 --> 00:05:16.422 THINK ALLOWED YOU TO BE SUCCESSFUL IN THE WAYS THAT YOU 00:05:16.446 --> 00:05:16.556 SUCCESSFUL IN THE WAYS THAT YOU HAVE? 00:05:16.580 --> 00:05:20.125 HAVE? THAT'S AN INTERESTING 00:05:20.149 --> 00:05:20.260 THAT'S AN INTERESTING QUESTION. 00:05:20.284 --> 00:05:22.461 QUESTION. YOU KNOW, IT IS ALWAYS HARD TO 00:05:22.485 --> 00:05:24.596 YOU KNOW, IT IS ALWAYS HARD TO BE SUPER OBJECTIVE ON YOURSELF 00:05:24.620 --> 00:05:27.766 BE SUPER OBJECTIVE ON YOURSELF AND WHAT IS SORT OF YOUR 00:05:27.790 --> 00:05:28.901 AND WHAT IS SORT OF YOUR QUOTE/UNQUOTE SUPERPOWERS OR 00:05:28.925 --> 00:05:32.271 QUOTE/UNQUOTE SUPERPOWERS OR WHAT MAKES YOU SUCCESSFUL. 00:05:32.295 --> 00:05:33.872 WHAT MAKES YOU SUCCESSFUL. AND WHAT ARE ALSO PERHAPS YOUR 00:05:33.896 --> 00:05:35.574 AND WHAT ARE ALSO PERHAPS YOUR SHORTCOMINGS. 00:05:35.598 --> 00:05:38.277 SHORTCOMINGS. THE ONE THING THAT I DO FEEL I 00:05:38.301 --> 00:05:41.513 THE ONE THING THAT I DO FEEL I HAVE SOMEHOW INNATELY IS THAT 00:05:41.537 --> 00:05:43.348 HAVE SOMEHOW INNATELY IS THAT LEVEL OF CURIOSITY, RIGHT. 00:05:43.372 --> 00:05:46.118 LEVEL OF CURIOSITY, RIGHT. HERE'S THE THING. 00:05:46.142 --> 00:05:47.619 HERE'S THE THING. I DON'T REMEMBER EVER HAVING A 00:05:47.643 --> 00:05:49.488 I DON'T REMEMBER EVER HAVING A JOB AT MICROSOFT WHERE I FELT 00:05:49.512 --> 00:05:51.256 JOB AT MICROSOFT WHERE I FELT LIKE OH, I NEEDED TO WAIT FOR MY 00:05:51.280 --> 00:05:53.358 LIKE OH, I NEEDED TO WAIT FOR MY NEXT JOB TO DO MY BEST WORK. 00:05:53.382 --> 00:05:55.461 NEXT JOB TO DO MY BEST WORK. WHEN I FIRST JOINED IN '92, I 00:05:55.485 --> 00:05:57.129 WHEN I FIRST JOINED IN '92, I THOUGHT I HAD THE GREATEST JOB, 00:05:57.153 --> 00:05:58.564 THOUGHT I HAD THE GREATEST JOB, IT MIGHT BE THE LAST JOB I HAVE, 00:05:58.588 --> 00:06:02.634 IT MIGHT BE THE LAST JOB I HAVE, BUT I LOVED IT. 00:06:02.658 --> 00:06:04.269 BUT I LOVED IT. AND SO APPROACHING EVEN WHAT 00:06:04.293 --> 00:06:07.106 AND SO APPROACHING EVEN WHAT YOU'RE DOING WHAT IS THE 00:06:07.130 --> 00:06:10.642 YOU'RE DOING WHAT IS THE EVERYDAY MUNDANE WITH THE LEVEL 00:06:10.666 --> 00:06:13.245 EVERYDAY MUNDANE WITH THE LEVEL OF CURIOSITY, ENERGY, THAT 00:06:13.269 --> 00:06:15.047 OF CURIOSITY, ENERGY, THAT POSTURE OF LEARNING, I THINK 00:06:15.071 --> 00:06:16.315 POSTURE OF LEARNING, I THINK THAT'S SORT OF PERHAP A LOT 00:06:16.339 --> 00:06:18.150 THAT'S SORT OF PERHAP A LOT MORE INNATE IN ME, I'M NOT 00:06:18.174 --> 00:06:19.685 MORE INNATE IN ME, I'M NOT SAYING I'M PERFECT BY ANY 00:06:19.709 --> 00:06:19.986 SAYING I'M PERFECT BY ANY MEASURE. 00:06:20.010 --> 00:06:22.221 MEASURE. BUT I NEVER WAS WAITING, I 00:06:22.245 --> 00:06:23.856 BUT I NEVER WAS WAITING, I GOT... ONE OF MY PEOPLE ASKED ME 00:06:23.880 --> 00:06:25.390 GOT... ONE OF MY PEOPLE ASKED ME WHAT ADVICE DO I HAVE? 00:06:25.414 --> 00:06:27.392 WHAT ADVICE DO I HAVE? I SAID ONE THING IS JUST DON'T 00:06:27.416 --> 00:06:28.494 I SAID ONE THING IS JUST DON'T WAIT FOR YOUR NEXT JOB TO DO 00:06:28.518 --> 00:06:29.229 WAIT FOR YOUR NEXT JOB TO DO YOUR BEST WORK. 00:06:29.253 --> 00:06:30.896 YOUR BEST WORK. AND THAT PERHAPS IN THE... AT 00:06:30.920 --> 00:06:33.766 AND THAT PERHAPS IN THE... AT LEAST TO ME, FOR ME HAS BEEN A 00:06:33.790 --> 00:06:36.135 LEAST TO ME, FOR ME HAS BEEN A VERY HELPFUL ATTRIBUTE. 00:06:36.159 --> 00:06:38.737 VERY HELPFUL ATTRIBUTE. I WANT TO DOUBLE CLICK ON 00:06:38.761 --> 00:06:38.905 I WANT TO DOUBLE CLICK ON THAT. 00:06:38.929 --> 00:06:40.305 THAT. THERE IS A STEREOTYPE YOU HAVE 00:06:40.329 --> 00:06:43.075 THERE IS A STEREOTYPE YOU HAVE IF YOU WATCH MOVIES OR READ 00:06:43.099 --> 00:06:46.945 IF YOU WATCH MOVIES OR READ BUSINESS LITERATURE, IN ORDER TO 00:06:46.969 --> 00:06:48.914 BUSINESS LITERATURE, IN ORDER TO SUCCEED IN THE CORPORATE 00:06:48.938 --> 00:06:49.749 SUCCEED IN THE CORPORATE AMERICA, IN THE WORLD, THERE IS 00:06:49.773 --> 00:06:52.117 AMERICA, IN THE WORLD, THERE IS A STEREOTYPE YOU HAVE TO BE VERY 00:06:52.141 --> 00:06:53.118 A STEREOTYPE YOU HAVE TO BE VERY COMPETITIVE, ELBOWING OUT OTHER 00:06:53.142 --> 00:06:56.088 COMPETITIVE, ELBOWING OUT OTHER PEOPLE, HAVE TO BE MARKETING 00:06:56.112 --> 00:06:56.221 PEOPLE, HAVE TO BE MARKETING YOURSELF. 00:06:56.245 --> 00:06:57.090 YOURSELF. AND I'M SAYING THIS VERY 00:06:57.114 --> 00:06:59.491 AND I'M SAYING THIS VERY GENUINELY, YOU DON'T SEEM TO BE 00:06:59.515 --> 00:06:59.893 GENUINELY, YOU DON'T SEEM TO BE THAT TYPE OF PERSON. 00:06:59.917 --> 00:07:01.627 THAT TYPE OF PERSON. I THINK I'M A PRETTY GOOD READ 00:07:01.651 --> 00:07:02.395 I THINK I'M A PRETTY GOOD READ OF FOLKS. 00:07:02.419 --> 00:07:04.530 OF FOLKS. WHAT DO... IS THAT TRUE IN 00:07:04.554 --> 00:07:05.664 WHAT DO... IS THAT TRUE IN CERTAIN CASES THAT THOSE TYPES 00:07:05.688 --> 00:07:08.033 CERTAIN CASES THAT THOSE TYPES OF TRAITS DO HELP PEOPLE OR, YOU 00:07:08.057 --> 00:07:10.602 OF TRAITS DO HELP PEOPLE OR, YOU KNOW, DESPITE THAT, HOW DID YOU 00:07:10.626 --> 00:07:13.272 KNOW, DESPITE THAT, HOW DID YOU STICK OUT? 00:07:13.296 --> 00:07:14.439 STICK OUT? HOW DID YOU PEOPLE NOTICE YOU 00:07:14.463 --> 00:07:15.607 HOW DID YOU PEOPLE NOTICE YOU COULD HAVE THAT CONTRIBUTION? 00:07:15.631 --> 00:07:17.009 COULD HAVE THAT CONTRIBUTION? IT IS INTERESTING, I'M NOT 00:07:17.033 --> 00:07:19.812 IT IS INTERESTING, I'M NOT EVEN... I DON'T THINK BEING 00:07:19.836 --> 00:07:21.547 EVEN... I DON'T THINK BEING DOGMATIC ABOUT ANY ONE TRAIT AS 00:07:21.571 --> 00:07:22.948 DOGMATIC ABOUT ANY ONE TRAIT AS THE ONLY TRAIT TO SUCCESS IS 00:07:22.972 --> 00:07:25.484 THE ONLY TRAIT TO SUCCESS IS PROBABLY THE WORST DOGMA YOU CAN 00:07:25.508 --> 00:07:25.652 PROBABLY THE WORST DOGMA YOU CAN HAVE. 00:07:25.676 --> 00:07:27.252 HAVE. BUT I WOULD SAY, LIKE, I 00:07:27.276 --> 00:07:29.721 BUT I WOULD SAY, LIKE, I REMEMBER EVEN THE INTERVIEW 00:07:29.745 --> 00:07:32.124 REMEMBER EVEN THE INTERVIEW PROCESS FOR THE CEO, ONE OF THE 00:07:32.148 --> 00:07:34.092 PROCESS FOR THE CEO, ONE OF THE DIRECTORS I HAD A CONVERSATION 00:07:34.116 --> 00:07:35.561 DIRECTORS I HAD A CONVERSATION WITH THEM, AND HE ASKED ME 00:07:35.585 --> 00:07:36.929 WITH THEM, AND HE ASKED ME WHETHER, YOU KNOW, I REALLY WANT 00:07:36.953 --> 00:07:37.697 WHETHER, YOU KNOW, I REALLY WANT TO BE CEO. 00:07:37.721 --> 00:07:39.565 TO BE CEO. I SAID ONLY IF YOU WANT ME TO BE 00:07:39.589 --> 00:07:39.766 I SAID ONLY IF YOU WANT ME TO BE CEO. 00:07:39.790 --> 00:07:41.633 CEO. HE SAID, NO, THAT'S NOT HOW YOU 00:07:41.657 --> 00:07:41.901 HE SAID, NO, THAT'S NOT HOW YOU ANSWER. 00:07:41.925 --> 00:07:43.635 ANSWER. IF YOU WANT TO BE CEO, YOU GOT 00:07:43.659 --> 00:07:46.038 IF YOU WANT TO BE CEO, YOU GOT TO SAY I WANT THIS JOB. 00:07:46.062 --> 00:07:48.006 TO SAY I WANT THIS JOB. AND I REMEMBER GOING TO STEVE 00:07:48.030 --> 00:07:50.542 AND I REMEMBER GOING TO STEVE BALMER LATER AND TELLING HIM, 00:07:50.566 --> 00:07:51.511 BALMER LATER AND TELLING HIM, THIS IS WHAT HAPPENED. 00:07:51.535 --> 00:07:53.345 THIS IS WHAT HAPPENED. HE SAID IT IS TOO LATE TO 00:07:53.369 --> 00:07:53.513 HE SAID IT IS TOO LATE TO CHANGE. 00:07:53.537 --> 00:07:54.847 CHANGE. I'M GLAD YOU ANSWERED THE WAY 00:07:54.871 --> 00:07:56.248 I'M GLAD YOU ANSWERED THE WAY YOU SHOULD ANSWER. 00:07:56.272 --> 00:07:57.316 YOU SHOULD ANSWER. BECAUSE THAT'S WHO YOU ARE. 00:07:57.340 --> 00:07:59.017 BECAUSE THAT'S WHO YOU ARE. IT WORKED FOR ME. 00:07:59.041 --> 00:08:00.419 IT WORKED FOR ME. I DON'T THINK I'LL CLAIM AGAIN 00:08:00.443 --> 00:08:04.590 I DON'T THINK I'LL CLAIM AGAIN THAT THIS IS THE ONLY THING THAT 00:08:04.614 --> 00:08:04.724 THAT THIS IS THE ONLY THING THAT MATTERS. 00:08:04.748 --> 00:08:06.024 MATTERS. BUT IT COMES FROM, TO YOUR 00:08:06.048 --> 00:08:07.960 BUT IT COMES FROM, TO YOUR PREVIOUS QUESTION, IT COMES FROM 00:08:07.984 --> 00:08:09.761 PREVIOUS QUESTION, IT COMES FROM A LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE I HAVE IN 00:08:09.785 --> 00:08:09.896 A LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE I HAVE IN MYSELF. 00:08:09.920 --> 00:08:12.497 MYSELF. IT IS NOT THAT I DON'T HAVE 00:08:12.521 --> 00:08:12.665 IT IS NOT THAT I DON'T HAVE CONFIDENCE. 00:08:12.689 --> 00:08:15.567 CONFIDENCE. BUT IT IS NOT THAT I'M WAITING 00:08:15.591 --> 00:08:19.404 BUT IT IS NOT THAT I'M WAITING FOR SOMEONE AND SOMETHING ELSE 00:08:19.428 --> 00:08:20.772 FOR SOMEONE AND SOMETHING ELSE TO RECOGNIZE IT OR BE REWARDED 00:08:20.796 --> 00:08:25.410 TO RECOGNIZE IT OR BE REWARDED FOR IT, THAT'S NOT WHAT IS 00:08:25.434 --> 00:08:26.445 FOR IT, THAT'S NOT WHAT IS INTRINSICALLY MOTIVATING TO ME. 00:08:26.469 --> 00:08:28.747 INTRINSICALLY MOTIVATING TO ME. HOW DID YOU DEFINE YOUR 00:08:28.771 --> 00:08:28.948 HOW DID YOU DEFINE YOUR SUCCESS? 00:08:28.972 --> 00:08:32.150 SUCCESS? DID YOU DEFINE IT AS, HEY, I 00:08:32.174 --> 00:08:34.319 DID YOU DEFINE IT AS, HEY, I WANT TO BECOME A CEO OF 00:08:34.343 --> 00:08:36.889 WANT TO BECOME A CEO OF MICROSOFT AND ACHIEVE CERTAIN 00:08:36.913 --> 00:08:38.590 MICROSOFT AND ACHIEVE CERTAIN BUSINESS TARGETS OR IS IT 00:08:38.614 --> 00:08:39.958 BUSINESS TARGETS OR IS IT SOMETHING YOU HAVEN'T THOUGHT A 00:08:39.982 --> 00:08:41.460 SOMETHING YOU HAVEN'T THOUGHT A LOT ABOUT OR HAVE YOU DEFINED IT 00:08:41.484 --> 00:08:42.461 LOT ABOUT OR HAVE YOU DEFINED IT IN OTHER WAYS? 00:08:42.485 --> 00:08:44.863 IN OTHER WAYS? I MUST SAY, EVEN THAT IDEA OF 00:08:44.887 --> 00:08:47.532 I MUST SAY, EVEN THAT IDEA OF WHAT SUCCESS LOOKS LIKE OR WHAT 00:08:47.556 --> 00:08:50.669 WHAT SUCCESS LOOKS LIKE OR WHAT AM I ASPIRING TO DO HAS CHANGED. 00:08:50.693 --> 00:08:52.604 AM I ASPIRING TO DO HAS CHANGED. OVER THE YEARS, THERE WAS A 00:08:52.628 --> 00:08:54.273 OVER THE YEARS, THERE WAS A PERIOD OF TIME AS I SAID OH, 00:08:54.297 --> 00:08:57.075 PERIOD OF TIME AS I SAID OH, GOD, I GOT TO MAKE IT TO MY 00:08:57.099 --> 00:08:58.944 GOD, I GOT TO MAKE IT TO MY SATE TEAM TO PLAY CRICKET. 00:08:58.968 --> 00:09:00.545 SATE TEAM TO PLAY CRICKET. I FAILED AT THAT MISERABLY. 00:09:00.569 --> 00:09:01.514 I FAILED AT THAT MISERABLY. I SET A DIFFERENT GOAL. 00:09:01.538 --> 00:09:03.916 I SET A DIFFERENT GOAL. I SAID I NEED TO BE AN ENGINEER 00:09:03.940 --> 00:09:05.017 I SAID I NEED TO BE AN ENGINEER AND GET A JOB. 00:09:05.041 --> 00:09:05.818 AND GET A JOB. GOT THERE. 00:09:05.842 --> 00:09:09.121 GOT THERE. SO OVER THE TIME, THEN, QUITE 00:09:09.145 --> 00:09:10.023 SO OVER THE TIME, THEN, QUITE FRANKLY, ONE OF THE BIGGER 00:09:10.047 --> 00:09:12.424 FRANKLY, ONE OF THE BIGGER CHANGES IN MY LIFE HAPPENED IS 00:09:12.448 --> 00:09:15.794 CHANGES IN MY LIFE HAPPENED IS MY SON ZANE WAS BORN AND HE'S 00:09:15.818 --> 00:09:18.096 MY SON ZANE WAS BORN AND HE'S GOT CEREBRAL PALSY, A MAJOR 00:09:18.120 --> 00:09:20.032 GOT CEREBRAL PALSY, A MAJOR CHANGE IN OUR LIFE FOR MY WIFE 00:09:20.056 --> 00:09:22.267 CHANGE IN OUR LIFE FOR MY WIFE AND ME, HE HELPED ME REDEFINE 00:09:22.291 --> 00:09:24.036 AND ME, HE HELPED ME REDEFINE WHAT I WAS ASPIRING TO DO, WHAT 00:09:24.060 --> 00:09:26.071 WHAT I WAS ASPIRING TO DO, WHAT IS IT TO BE ABLE TO SEE LIFE 00:09:26.095 --> 00:09:28.073 IS IT TO BE ABLE TO SEE LIFE THROUGH HIS EYES, RECOGNIZE 00:09:28.097 --> 00:09:31.243 THROUGH HIS EYES, RECOGNIZE SOME... THE ROLE I HAVE AS A 00:09:31.267 --> 00:09:32.844 SOME... THE ROLE I HAVE AS A FATHER, ALSO BEING... WHAT CAN I 00:09:32.868 --> 00:09:35.013 FATHER, ALSO BEING... WHAT CAN I DO, GIVEN THE POSITIONS I WAS 00:09:35.037 --> 00:09:37.449 DO, GIVEN THE POSITIONS I WAS IN, FOR THE BROADER DISABILITY 00:09:37.473 --> 00:09:38.684 IN, FOR THE BROADER DISABILITY COMMUNITY, FINDING MORE MEANING 00:09:38.708 --> 00:09:41.086 COMMUNITY, FINDING MORE MEANING IN THAT WORK, USING MICROSOFT AS 00:09:41.110 --> 00:09:42.854 IN THAT WORK, USING MICROSOFT AS A PLATFORM TO FIND THE MEANING, 00:09:42.878 --> 00:09:44.823 A PLATFORM TO FIND THE MEANING, SO TO YOUR POINT, OVER THE YEARS 00:09:44.847 --> 00:09:46.825 SO TO YOUR POINT, OVER THE YEARS I WOULD SAY THERE HAS BEEN 00:09:46.849 --> 00:09:48.527 I WOULD SAY THERE HAS BEEN ANYTHING, IT IS ABILITY TO BUILD 00:09:48.551 --> 00:09:50.362 ANYTHING, IT IS ABILITY TO BUILD MORE EMPATHY FOR WHAT IS 00:09:50.386 --> 00:09:51.496 MORE EMPATHY FOR WHAT IS HAPPENING AROUND ME WITH THE 00:09:51.520 --> 00:09:53.098 HAPPENING AROUND ME WITH THE PEOPLE BOTH IN MY FAMILY AND AT 00:09:53.122 --> 00:09:55.667 PEOPLE BOTH IN MY FAMILY AND AT WORK AND IN THE COMMUNITIES. 00:09:55.691 --> 00:09:56.935 WORK AND IN THE COMMUNITIES. AND HELP THAT SORT OF CHANGE 00:09:56.959 --> 00:10:00.639 AND HELP THAT SORT OF CHANGE EVEN MY ASPIRATIONS, GOALS, 00:10:00.663 --> 00:10:00.807 EVEN MY ASPIRATIONS, GOALS, OBJECTIVES. 00:10:00.831 --> 00:10:02.441 OBJECTIVES. AND I THINK THAT'S WHAT HAPPENS 00:10:02.465 --> 00:10:04.576 AND I THINK THAT'S WHAT HAPPENS TO ALL OF US. 00:10:04.600 --> 00:10:07.746 TO ALL OF US. JUST THE LIFE EXPERIENCES THAT 00:10:07.770 --> 00:10:09.414 JUST THE LIFE EXPERIENCES THAT SHAPE YOU AND OUR ABILITY TO LET 00:10:09.438 --> 00:10:12.617 SHAPE YOU AND OUR ABILITY TO LET IT SHAPE US IN ALL THE GOOD WAYS 00:10:12.641 --> 00:10:14.152 IT SHAPE US IN ALL THE GOOD WAYS HAS PERHAPS BEEN VERY DEFINING 00:10:14.176 --> 00:10:14.654 HAS PERHAPS BEEN VERY DEFINING FOR ME. 00:10:14.678 --> 00:10:16.688 FOR ME. ONE OF THE THINGS I TALKED 00:10:16.712 --> 00:10:17.756 ONE OF THE THINGS I TALKED ABOUT IN PREVIOUS LIVE STREAMS 00:10:17.780 --> 00:10:18.824 ABOUT IN PREVIOUS LIVE STREAMS AND I'LL SAY IT BECAUSE YOUR 00:10:18.848 --> 00:10:20.592 AND I'LL SAY IT BECAUSE YOUR NAME KIND OF LEADS ME THERE IS 00:10:20.616 --> 00:10:23.261 NAME KIND OF LEADS ME THERE IS THAT IN INDIAN PHILOSOPHY THERE 00:10:23.285 --> 00:10:25.998 THAT IN INDIAN PHILOSOPHY THERE IS THIS NOTION OF WORK WHERE YOU 00:10:26.022 --> 00:10:27.466 IS THIS NOTION OF WORK WHERE YOU DO WORK... YOU DO GOOD WORK FOR 00:10:27.490 --> 00:10:30.469 DO WORK... YOU DO GOOD WORK FOR THE SAKE OF DOING IT, VERSUS 00:10:30.493 --> 00:10:32.904 THE SAKE OF DOING IT, VERSUS WORK BECAUSE YOU THINK YOU'RE 00:10:32.928 --> 00:10:33.539 WORK BECAUSE YOU THINK YOU'RE GOING TO GET A POSITIVE OUTCOME 00:10:33.563 --> 00:10:35.574 GOING TO GET A POSITIVE OUTCOME OR OUT OF FEAR OF A NEGATIVE 00:10:35.598 --> 00:10:35.742 OR OUT OF FEAR OF A NEGATIVE OUTCOME. 00:10:35.766 --> 00:10:40.212 OUTCOME. YOUR NAME SATYA COMES FROM THE 00:10:40.236 --> 00:10:42.314 YOUR NAME SATYA COMES FROM THE SAME ROOT IN SANSKRIT MEANING 00:10:42.338 --> 00:10:43.182 SAME ROOT IN SANSKRIT MEANING TRUTHFUL WORK. 00:10:43.206 --> 00:10:44.916 TRUTHFUL WORK. WHAT YOU DESCRIBED EPITOMIZES 00:10:44.940 --> 00:10:45.318 WHAT YOU DESCRIBED EPITOMIZES THAT. 00:10:45.342 --> 00:10:47.652 THAT. I'M CURIOUS, ONCE YOU GOT THE 00:10:47.676 --> 00:10:48.887 I'M CURIOUS, ONCE YOU GOT THE CEO JOB AT MICROSOFT, ON ONE 00:10:48.911 --> 00:10:50.856 CEO JOB AT MICROSOFT, ON ONE LEVEL I'M SURE THAT WAS 00:10:50.880 --> 00:10:51.024 LEVEL I'M SURE THAT WAS EXHILARATING. 00:10:51.048 --> 00:10:53.392 EXHILARATING. I'M SURE AT AND LEVEL THAT WAS 00:10:53.416 --> 00:10:55.494 I'M SURE AT AND LEVEL THAT WAS SCARY FROM AN OUTSIDER'S POINT 00:10:55.518 --> 00:10:56.962 SCARY FROM AN OUTSIDER'S POINT OF VIEW. 00:10:56.986 --> 00:11:00.966 OF VIEW. MICROSOFT HAD ITS HEYDAY IN THE 00:11:00.990 --> 00:11:02.534 MICROSOFT HAD ITS HEYDAY IN THE '90s AND MAYBE SEEMED WHEN YOU 00:11:02.558 --> 00:11:04.136 '90s AND MAYBE SEEMED WHEN YOU TOOK THE JOB THAT IT WAS PAST 00:11:04.160 --> 00:11:04.570 TOOK THE JOB THAT IT WAS PAST ITS HEYDAY. 00:11:04.594 --> 00:11:06.338 ITS HEYDAY. HOW DID YOU THINK ABOUT IT? 00:11:06.362 --> 00:11:07.906 HOW DID YOU THINK ABOUT IT? WHEN WE LOOK AT HINDSIGHT AFTER 00:11:07.930 --> 00:11:08.741 WHEN WE LOOK AT HINDSIGHT AFTER SEVERAL YEARS, MICROSOFT SEEMS 00:11:08.765 --> 00:11:10.409 SEVERAL YEARS, MICROSOFT SEEMS TO BE IN A BIT OF A RENAISSANCE. 00:11:10.433 --> 00:11:14.746 TO BE IN A BIT OF A RENAISSANCE. YEAH, I MEAN, I'M A 00:11:14.770 --> 00:11:15.881 YEAH, I MEAN, I'M A CONSUMMATE INSIDER, SAL. 00:11:15.905 --> 00:11:17.182 CONSUMMATE INSIDER, SAL. AND SO I'VE GROWN UP IN THIS 00:11:17.206 --> 00:11:18.383 AND SO I'VE GROWN UP IN THIS PLACE, I'VE BEEN HERE NOW CLOSE- 00:11:18.407 --> 00:11:18.818 AND SO I'VE GROWN UP IN THIS TO CE, I'VE BEEN HERE NOW CLOSE- 00:11:18.842 --> 00:11:21.520 AND SO I'VE GROWN UP IN THIS TO 30 I'VE BEEN HERE NOW CLOSE- 00:11:21.544 --> 00:11:21.654 AND SO I'VE GROWN UP IN THIS TO 30 YEARS.BEEN HERE NOW CLOSE- 00:11:21.678 --> 00:11:25.157 TO 30 YEARS.BEEN HERE NOW CLOSE- AND SO THE THING FOR ME, YOU'RE 00:11:25.181 --> 00:11:25.758 AND SO THE THING FOR ME, YOU'RE RIGHT, ABSOLUTELY, THE JOB WAS 00:11:25.782 --> 00:11:27.659 RIGHT, ABSOLUTELY, THE JOB WAS VERY DIFFERENT, BUT FRANKLY EVEN 00:11:27.683 --> 00:11:29.728 VERY DIFFERENT, BUT FRANKLY EVEN JUST ONE LEVEL REMOVED, WHICH I 00:11:29.752 --> 00:11:31.430 JUST ONE LEVEL REMOVED, WHICH I WAS WORKING FOR STEVE AND AT THE 00:11:31.454 --> 00:11:32.631 WAS WORKING FOR STEVE AND AT THE TIME I THOUGHT I UNDERSTOOD THE 00:11:32.655 --> 00:11:35.100 TIME I THOUGHT I UNDERSTOOD THE NATURE OF THE JOB, BUT QUITE 00:11:35.124 --> 00:11:38.270 NATURE OF THE JOB, BUT QUITE FRANKLY THE MULTI-STAKEHOLDER 00:11:38.294 --> 00:11:40.005 FRANKLY THE MULTI-STAKEHOLDER RESPONSIBILITY THAT ONE HAS TO 00:11:40.029 --> 00:11:41.807 RESPONSIBILITY THAT ONE HAS TO TAKE WHEN YOU BECOME CEO WAS 00:11:41.831 --> 00:11:42.408 TAKE WHEN YOU BECOME CEO WAS VERY DIFFERENT. 00:11:42.432 --> 00:11:45.143 VERY DIFFERENT. AND THE GOOD NEWS WAS I WAS AT 00:11:45.167 --> 00:11:46.778 AND THE GOOD NEWS WAS I WAS AT LEAST, YOU KNOW, HAD THAT 00:11:46.802 --> 00:11:49.915 LEAST, YOU KNOW, HAD THAT ABILITY TO QUICKLY LEARN ON THE 00:11:49.939 --> 00:11:52.317 ABILITY TO QUICKLY LEARN ON THE JOB, AND LEARN ALSO BE... HAD AN 00:11:52.341 --> 00:11:54.086 JOB, AND LEARN ALSO BE... HAD AN AMAZING TEAM OF MEN AND WOMEN 00:11:54.110 --> 00:11:55.687 AMAZING TEAM OF MEN AND WOMEN WHO SORT OF CAME TOGETHER, 00:11:55.711 --> 00:11:56.489 WHO SORT OF CAME TOGETHER, RALLIED AROUND ME. 00:11:56.513 --> 00:11:58.523 RALLIED AROUND ME. I WAS CLEARLY NOT BILL GATES, 00:11:58.547 --> 00:12:01.126 I WAS CLEARLY NOT BILL GATES, NOT STEVE BALMER, AND I WAS ABLE 00:12:01.150 --> 00:12:03.628 NOT STEVE BALMER, AND I WAS ABLE TO SORT OF, YOU KNOW, HELP TAKE 00:12:03.652 --> 00:12:05.697 TO SORT OF, YOU KNOW, HELP TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE AMAZING PEOPLE 00:12:05.721 --> 00:12:07.566 ADVANTAGE OF THE AMAZING PEOPLE AROUND ME. 00:12:07.590 --> 00:12:08.167 AROUND ME. AND SCALE. 00:12:08.191 --> 00:12:11.269 AND SCALE. BUT, YOU KNOW, TO YOUR CORE 00:12:11.293 --> 00:12:14.306 BUT, YOU KNOW, TO YOUR CORE PIECE I THINK THAT THE MICROSOFT 00:12:14.330 --> 00:12:18.910 PIECE I THINK THAT THE MICROSOFT THAT I KNEW WHEN I GREW UP IN, 00:12:18.934 --> 00:12:20.979 THAT I KNEW WHEN I GREW UP IN, BOTH HAD MANY THINGS WE GOT 00:12:21.003 --> 00:12:23.081 BOTH HAD MANY THINGS WE GOT RIGHT AND SOME THINGS WE GOT 00:12:23.105 --> 00:12:23.180 RIGHT AND SOME THINGS WE GOT WRONG. 00:12:23.204 --> 00:12:23.883 WRONG. I PATTERN MATCHED. 00:12:23.907 --> 00:12:25.550 I PATTERN MATCHED. I THOUGHT, LET'S GO BACK TO THE 00:12:25.574 --> 00:12:26.519 I THOUGHT, LET'S GO BACK TO THE CREATION OF THE COMPANY, WHEN 00:12:26.543 --> 00:12:27.752 CREATION OF THE COMPANY, WHEN BILL AND PAUL STARTED MICROSOFT, 00:12:27.776 --> 00:12:29.221 BILL AND PAUL STARTED MICROSOFT, THEY SAID WE WANT TO CREATE 00:12:29.245 --> 00:12:30.755 THEY SAID WE WANT TO CREATE TECHNOLOGY SO THAT OTHERS CAN 00:12:30.779 --> 00:12:32.057 TECHNOLOGY SO THAT OTHERS CAN CREATE MORE TECHNOLOGY, RIGHT? 00:12:32.081 --> 00:12:34.326 CREATE MORE TECHNOLOGY, RIGHT? WE BUILD THE BASIC INTERPRETER 00:12:34.350 --> 00:12:35.494 WE BUILD THE BASIC INTERPRETER FOR THE FIRST PRODUCT. 00:12:35.518 --> 00:12:37.596 FOR THE FIRST PRODUCT. AND I SAID IN 2014, I BECAME 00:12:37.620 --> 00:12:40.165 AND I SAID IN 2014, I BECAME CEO, IT IS MORE RELEVANT, TO 00:12:40.189 --> 00:12:42.501 CEO, IT IS MORE RELEVANT, TO CREATE TECHNOLOGY SO THAT OTHERS 00:12:42.525 --> 00:12:44.603 CREATE TECHNOLOGY SO THAT OTHERS CAN CREATE TECHNOLOGY, SOFTWARE 00:12:44.627 --> 00:12:46.538 CAN CREATE TECHNOLOGY, SOFTWARE SO TO SPEAK IS EMPOWERING THE 00:12:46.562 --> 00:12:46.639 SO TO SPEAK IS EMPOWERING THE WORLD. 00:12:46.663 --> 00:12:48.673 WORLD. I SAID LET'S GO BACK AND HAVE 00:12:48.697 --> 00:12:50.809 I SAID LET'S GO BACK AND HAVE THAT SENSE OF PURPOSE. 00:12:50.833 --> 00:12:55.914 THAT SENSE OF PURPOSE. LET'S DO THINGS OUT OF WHAT WE 00:12:55.938 --> 00:12:56.848 LET'S DO THINGS OUT OF WHAT WE NATURALLY CAN DO, UNIQUELY 00:12:56.872 --> 00:12:57.016 NATURALLY CAN DO, UNIQUELY CAN'T. 00:12:57.040 --> 00:12:59.518 CAN'T. AND THEN ALSO HAVE A CULTURE. 00:12:59.542 --> 00:13:02.120 AND THEN ALSO HAVE A CULTURE. I PICKED UP THE CULTURAL 00:13:02.144 --> 00:13:04.055 I PICKED UP THE CULTURAL ATTRIBUTE, WHICH I FELT WAS 00:13:04.079 --> 00:13:05.690 ATTRIBUTE, WHICH I FELT WAS IMPORTANT MICROSOFT, YOUR POINT 00:13:05.714 --> 00:13:08.727 IMPORTANT MICROSOFT, YOUR POINT ABOUT LATE '90s, WE WERE VERY 00:13:08.751 --> 00:13:08.961 ABOUT LATE '90s, WE WERE VERY SUCCESSFUL. 00:13:08.985 --> 00:13:10.495 SUCCESSFUL. AND FROM ANCIENT GREECE TO 00:13:10.519 --> 00:13:11.930 AND FROM ANCIENT GREECE TO MODERN SILICON VALLEY THERE IS 00:13:11.954 --> 00:13:13.832 MODERN SILICON VALLEY THERE IS ONLY ONE CHALLENGE, WHICH IS 00:13:13.856 --> 00:13:15.100 ONLY ONE CHALLENGE, WHICH IS HUBRIS THAT COMES WITH SUCCESS. 00:13:15.124 --> 00:13:18.370 HUBRIS THAT COMES WITH SUCCESS. I SAID, OKAY HOW DO WE GET OUT 00:13:18.394 --> 00:13:21.306 I SAID, OKAY HOW DO WE GET OUT OF THAT KNOW IT ALL MINDSET AND 00:13:21.330 --> 00:13:22.407 OF THAT KNOW IT ALL MINDSET AND BECOME LEARN IT ALL. 00:13:22.431 --> 00:13:25.210 BECOME LEARN IT ALL. I SAID LET'S HAVE OUR CULTURAL 00:13:25.234 --> 00:13:27.145 I SAID LET'S HAVE OUR CULTURAL MEME OF GROWTH MINDSET OF 00:13:27.169 --> 00:13:28.413 MEME OF GROWTH MINDSET OF CONFRONTING ONE'S FIXED MINDSET 00:13:28.437 --> 00:13:29.081 CONFRONTING ONE'S FIXED MINDSET EACH DAY. 00:13:29.105 --> 00:13:31.449 EACH DAY. AND THOSE TWO PILLARS, SAL, 00:13:31.473 --> 00:13:32.351 AND THOSE TWO PILLARS, SAL, PROBABLY MORE THAN ANYTHING 00:13:32.375 --> 00:13:33.552 PROBABLY MORE THAN ANYTHING ELSE, OF COURSE, YOU GOT TO PICK 00:13:33.576 --> 00:13:34.786 ELSE, OF COURSE, YOU GOT TO PICK YOUR STRATEGIES RIGHT, PRODUCTS 00:13:34.810 --> 00:13:36.288 YOUR STRATEGIES RIGHT, PRODUCTS RIGHT, A LOT OF THINGS YOU GOT 00:13:36.312 --> 00:13:41.426 RIGHT, A LOT OF THINGS YOU GOT TO GET RIGHT, BUT TO ME THE TWO 00:13:41.450 --> 00:13:44.496 TO GET RIGHT, BUT TO ME THE TWO NECESSARY CONDITIONS FOR ANY 00:13:44.520 --> 00:13:45.897 NECESSARY CONDITIONS FOR ANY FIRM'S LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE IS 00:13:45.921 --> 00:13:47.632 FIRM'S LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE IS WHY DO YOU EXIST, CAN YOU ANSWER 00:13:47.656 --> 00:13:49.534 WHY DO YOU EXIST, CAN YOU ANSWER THAT CLEARLY HAVE THAT SENSE OF 00:13:49.558 --> 00:13:51.169 THAT CLEARLY HAVE THAT SENSE OF PURPOSE, RESONATE ON A DAILY 00:13:51.193 --> 00:13:52.704 PURPOSE, RESONATE ON A DAILY BASIS WITH THE PEOPLE, AS WELL 00:13:52.728 --> 00:13:55.273 BASIS WITH THE PEOPLE, AS WELL AS THE CULTURE AND HOW YOU GO 00:13:55.297 --> 00:13:56.308 AS THE CULTURE AND HOW YOU GO ABOUT DOING THINGS. 00:13:56.332 --> 00:13:58.310 ABOUT DOING THINGS. SO THE WHY AND THE HOW ARE SORT 00:13:58.334 --> 00:13:59.911 SO THE WHY AND THE HOW ARE SORT OF THE MOST IMPORTANT TO BE ABLE 00:13:59.935 --> 00:14:02.747 OF THE MOST IMPORTANT TO BE ABLE TO DO THE RIGHT PICKING FOR THE 00:14:02.771 --> 00:14:02.882 TO DO THE RIGHT PICKING FOR THE WHAT. 00:14:02.906 --> 00:14:04.816 WHAT. AND AS YOU GO ON THAT 00:14:04.840 --> 00:14:06.818 AND AS YOU GO ON THAT JOURNEY, NOW IN HINDSIGHT, IT 00:14:06.842 --> 00:14:08.420 JOURNEY, NOW IN HINDSIGHT, IT SOUNDS VERY ELEGANT AND, LIKE, 00:14:08.444 --> 00:14:10.088 SOUNDS VERY ELEGANT AND, LIKE, YES, FOCUS ON EMPOWERING OTHERS 00:14:10.112 --> 00:14:11.890 YES, FOCUS ON EMPOWERING OTHERS AND BECOMING A LEARNING 00:14:11.914 --> 00:14:12.058 AND BECOMING A LEARNING ORGANIZATION. 00:14:12.082 --> 00:14:13.825 ORGANIZATION. BUT, YOU KNOW, GIVEN MICROSOFT'S 00:14:13.849 --> 00:14:16.328 BUT, YOU KNOW, GIVEN MICROSOFT'S REACH AT THE TIME, AND OBVIOUSLY 00:14:16.352 --> 00:14:17.529 REACH AT THE TIME, AND OBVIOUSLY INCREASING REACH SINCE THEN, THE 00:14:17.553 --> 00:14:19.764 INCREASING REACH SINCE THEN, THE COMPLEXITY OF WHAT IT DOES, WERE 00:14:19.788 --> 00:14:20.733 COMPLEXITY OF WHAT IT DOES, WERE THERE MOMENTS YOU KIND OF WOKE 00:14:20.757 --> 00:14:22.200 THERE MOMENTS YOU KIND OF WOKE UP IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT 00:14:22.224 --> 00:14:23.335 UP IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT AND SAID I'M NOT SURE IF I CAN 00:14:23.359 --> 00:14:25.403 AND SAID I'M NOT SURE IF I CAN DO THIS, I'M NOT SURE IF I'M 00:14:25.427 --> 00:14:27.372 DO THIS, I'M NOT SURE IF I'M MAKING THE RIGHT DECISIONS? 00:14:27.396 --> 00:14:29.040 MAKING THE RIGHT DECISIONS? EVERY DAY. 00:14:29.064 --> 00:14:30.942 EVERY DAY. EVERY DAY YOU HAVE MOMENTS OF 00:14:30.966 --> 00:14:35.647 EVERY DAY YOU HAVE MOMENTS OF DOUBT AND YOU ALSO HAVE THE 00:14:35.671 --> 00:14:37.182 DOUBT AND YOU ALSO HAVE THE MOMENTS OF CLARITY AND ENERGY 00:14:37.206 --> 00:14:38.750 MOMENTS OF CLARITY AND ENERGY AND I SORT OF THINK ABOUT 00:14:38.774 --> 00:14:42.354 AND I SORT OF THINK ABOUT LEADERSHIP AS ALL ABOUT THAT, 00:14:42.378 --> 00:14:42.922 LEADERSHIP AS ALL ABOUT THAT, RIGHT, LEADERS YOU INNATELY HAVE 00:14:42.946 --> 00:14:44.956 RIGHT, LEADERS YOU INNATELY HAVE TO GO AT IT AND CREATE CLARITY 00:14:44.980 --> 00:14:47.092 TO GO AT IT AND CREATE CLARITY WHEN THERE IS ALL KINDS OF 00:14:47.116 --> 00:14:49.728 WHEN THERE IS ALL KINDS OF COMPLEXITY AND UNCERTAINTY. 00:14:49.752 --> 00:14:51.129 COMPLEXITY AND UNCERTAINTY. YOU HAVE TO CREATE ENERGY AS A 00:14:51.153 --> 00:14:54.966 YOU HAVE TO CREATE ENERGY AS A LEADER TO BE ABLE TO RALLY 00:14:54.990 --> 00:14:55.534 LEADER TO BE ABLE TO RALLY PEOPLE AROUND A PARTICULAR SENSE 00:14:55.558 --> 00:14:58.136 PEOPLE AROUND A PARTICULAR SENSE OF PURPOSE AND A MISSION AND 00:14:58.160 --> 00:14:58.271 OF PURPOSE AND A MISSION AND DIRECTION. 00:14:58.295 --> 00:15:00.405 DIRECTION. AND THEN SOLVE WHAT IS AN 00:15:00.429 --> 00:15:00.806 AND THEN SOLVE WHAT IS AN UNSOLVABLE PROBLEM. 00:15:00.830 --> 00:15:02.774 UNSOLVABLE PROBLEM. YOU HAVE TO REMOVE SOME 00:15:02.798 --> 00:15:03.042 YOU HAVE TO REMOVE SOME CONSTRAINTS. 00:15:03.066 --> 00:15:04.342 CONSTRAINTS. SOMETIMES WE TIE OURSELVES IN 00:15:04.366 --> 00:15:06.077 SOMETIMES WE TIE OURSELVES IN KNOTS AND SAY WE CAN'T MOVE. 00:15:06.101 --> 00:15:08.413 KNOTS AND SAY WE CAN'T MOVE. YOU GOT TO BE ABLE TO LET GO OF 00:15:08.437 --> 00:15:09.648 YOU GOT TO BE ABLE TO LET GO OF SOME THINGS. 00:15:09.672 --> 00:15:13.285 SOME THINGS. AND THEN BOLDLY GO TO A NEW 00:15:13.309 --> 00:15:14.719 AND THEN BOLDLY GO TO A NEW PLACE AND THEN WORK OUT SOME OF 00:15:14.743 --> 00:15:16.054 PLACE AND THEN WORK OUT SOME OF THE CHALLENGES THAT COME WITH 00:15:16.078 --> 00:15:16.489 THE CHALLENGES THAT COME WITH IT, RIGHT? 00:15:16.513 --> 00:15:18.290 IT, RIGHT? IN OUR CASE, FOR EXAMPLE, ONE OF 00:15:18.314 --> 00:15:20.292 IN OUR CASE, FOR EXAMPLE, ONE OF THE BIGGER CHANGES WE MADE WAS 00:15:20.316 --> 00:15:21.760 THE BIGGER CHANGES WE MADE WAS OUR BUSINESS MODELSHIP, MORE 00:15:21.784 --> 00:15:22.827 OUR BUSINESS MODELSHIP, MORE THAN TECHNOLOGY FOR MOST 00:15:22.851 --> 00:15:25.897 THAN TECHNOLOGY FOR MOST COMPANIES, SAL, I FEEL THAT THE 00:15:25.921 --> 00:15:27.065 COMPANIES, SAL, I FEEL THAT THE FUNDAMENTAL ECONOMICS OF WHAT 00:15:27.089 --> 00:15:29.534 FUNDAMENTAL ECONOMICS OF WHAT MADE YOU SUCCESSFUL ARE NO 00:15:29.558 --> 00:15:31.136 MADE YOU SUCCESSFUL ARE NO LONGER AS VALID IS WHEN YOU 00:15:31.160 --> 00:15:33.438 LONGER AS VALID IS WHEN YOU FALTER AND SO THAT WAS ONE OF 00:15:33.462 --> 00:15:35.206 FALTER AND SO THAT WAS ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE HAD TO SORT 00:15:35.230 --> 00:15:37.175 THE THINGS THAT WE HAD TO SORT OF OVERCOME IN PRETTY HARSH 00:15:37.199 --> 00:15:37.343 OF OVERCOME IN PRETTY HARSH RACE. 00:15:37.367 --> 00:15:39.210 RACE. BUT IT IS SORT OF... WITHOUT IT, 00:15:39.234 --> 00:15:40.378 BUT IT IS SORT OF... WITHOUT IT, YOU WOULD BE WORSE OFF. 00:15:40.402 --> 00:15:42.547 YOU WOULD BE WORSE OFF. THAT I THINK IS WHERE THAT ALSO 00:15:42.571 --> 00:15:45.183 THAT I THINK IS WHERE THAT ALSO GOES BACK TO A LITTLE BIT OF THE 00:15:45.207 --> 00:15:46.217 GOES BACK TO A LITTLE BIT OF THE MULTI-STAKEHOLDER SIDE, WHICH IS 00:15:46.241 --> 00:15:47.186 MULTI-STAKEHOLDER SIDE, WHICH IS UNDERSTANDING WHAT INVESTORS 00:15:47.210 --> 00:15:49.087 UNDERSTANDING WHAT INVESTORS WANT WHAT EMPLOYEES WANT, WHAT 00:15:49.111 --> 00:15:51.222 WANT WHAT EMPLOYEES WANT, WHAT CUSTOMERS WANT AND TO BE ABLE TO 00:15:51.246 --> 00:15:54.092 CUSTOMERS WANT AND TO BE ABLE TO FIND THE RIGHT BALANCE. 00:15:54.116 --> 00:15:57.729 FIND THE RIGHT BALANCE. YOU MAKE IT SOUND SIMPLE, BUT 00:15:57.753 --> 00:15:58.730 YOU MAKE IT SOUND SIMPLE, BUT I CAN'T EVEN IMAGINE. 00:15:58.754 --> 00:16:02.000 I CAN'T EVEN IMAGINE. I OPERATED A MUCH, MUCH SMALLER 00:16:02.024 --> 00:16:05.170 I OPERATED A MUCH, MUCH SMALLER SCALE THAN YOU DO AND YOU SEEM 00:16:05.194 --> 00:16:06.771 SCALE THAN YOU DO AND YOU SEEM TO HAVE A MUCH CLEARER WAY OF 00:16:06.795 --> 00:16:09.040 TO HAVE A MUCH CLEARER WAY OF DEALING WITH THINGS. 00:16:09.064 --> 00:16:10.842 DEALING WITH THINGS. JUST FAST-FORWARDING TO TODAY OR 00:16:10.866 --> 00:16:12.744 JUST FAST-FORWARDING TO TODAY OR TO THE RECENT SITUATION WE'RE IN 00:16:12.768 --> 00:16:15.880 TO THE RECENT SITUATION WE'RE IN OBVIOUSLY WITH THE PANDEMIC 00:16:15.904 --> 00:16:18.283 OBVIOUSLY WITH THE PANDEMIC AROUND COVID, YOU KNOW MICROSOFT 00:16:18.307 --> 00:16:19.451 AROUND COVID, YOU KNOW MICROSOFT IS THE LEADER OF THE 00:16:19.475 --> 00:16:19.618 IS THE LEADER OF THE ORGANIZATION. 00:16:19.642 --> 00:16:20.752 ORGANIZATION. YOU HAVE TO THINK HOW DO YOU 00:16:20.776 --> 00:16:21.786 YOU HAVE TO THINK HOW DO YOU LEAD THE ORGANIZATION ITSELF, 00:16:21.810 --> 00:16:22.688 LEAD THE ORGANIZATION ITSELF, SUPPORT THE PEOPLE AS YOU GO - 00:16:22.712 --> 00:16:23.722 LEAD THE ORGANIZATION ITSELF, THROUGH THE PEOPLE AS YOU GO - 00:16:23.746 --> 00:16:23.787 LEAD THE ORGANIZATION ITSELF, THROUGH THE TRANSITION, U GO - 00:16:23.811 --> 00:16:24.090 LEAD THE ORGANIZATION ITSELF, THROUGH THE TRANSITION, BUT - 00:16:24.114 --> 00:16:25.623 THROUGH THE TRANSITION, BUT - MICROSOFT ALSO HAS A VERY BIG 00:16:25.647 --> 00:16:26.559 MICROSOFT ALSO HAS A VERY BIG ROLE IN THIS BEING THE 00:16:26.583 --> 00:16:27.759 ROLE IN THIS BEING THE TECHNOLOGY PROVIDER AND 00:16:27.783 --> 00:16:29.227 TECHNOLOGY PROVIDER AND EMPOWERING DIGITAL WORK. 00:16:29.251 --> 00:16:30.862 EMPOWERING DIGITAL WORK. I'M CURIOUS HOW THE TRANSITION 00:16:30.886 --> 00:16:32.464 I'M CURIOUS HOW THE TRANSITION HAS BEEN FOR MICROSOFT AS AN 00:16:32.488 --> 00:16:33.199 HAS BEEN FOR MICROSOFT AS AN ORGANIZATION AND WHETHER THIS 00:16:33.223 --> 00:16:35.533 ORGANIZATION AND WHETHER THIS HAS KIND OF CHANGED YOUR 00:16:35.557 --> 00:16:36.968 HAS KIND OF CHANGED YOUR PERSPECTIVE ON THE NATURE OF 00:16:36.992 --> 00:16:39.037 PERSPECTIVE ON THE NATURE OF WORK, DIGITAL WORK, REMOTE WORK 00:16:39.061 --> 00:16:41.239 WORK, DIGITAL WORK, REMOTE WORK AND DOES IT LEAD TO ANY NEW 00:16:41.263 --> 00:16:43.274 AND DOES IT LEAD TO ANY NEW DIRECTS FOR THE ORGANIZATION 00:16:43.298 --> 00:16:43.408 DIRECTS FOR THE ORGANIZATION STRATEGY? 00:16:43.432 --> 00:16:44.343 STRATEGY? YEAH, FOR SURE. 00:16:44.367 --> 00:16:46.611 YEAH, FOR SURE. I MEAN, AS YOU AND I WERE 00:16:46.635 --> 00:16:50.548 I MEAN, AS YOU AND I WERE TALKING BEFORE GETTING ON THIS 00:16:50.572 --> 00:16:52.283 TALKING BEFORE GETTING ON THIS CALL, I THINK THIS IS 00:16:52.307 --> 00:16:52.451 CALL, I THINK THIS IS UNPRECEDENTED. 00:16:52.475 --> 00:16:54.152 UNPRECEDENTED. WE'RE RUNNING IN SOME SENSE ONE 00:16:54.176 --> 00:16:56.187 WE'RE RUNNING IN SOME SENSE ONE OF MOST LARGE SCALE EXPERIMENTS 00:16:56.211 --> 00:16:57.489 OF MOST LARGE SCALE EXPERIMENTS OF REMOTE EVERYTHING. 00:16:57.513 --> 00:16:58.457 OF REMOTE EVERYTHING. AND WE'LL COME OUT OF THIS WITH 00:16:58.481 --> 00:17:01.526 AND WE'LL COME OUT OF THIS WITH A LOT OF LEARNING, SOME THINGS 00:17:01.550 --> 00:17:03.428 A LOT OF LEARNING, SOME THINGS THAT SORT OF WE WILL LEAVE 00:17:03.452 --> 00:17:05.463 THAT SORT OF WE WILL LEAVE BEHIND, SOME THINGS WHICH WILL 00:17:05.487 --> 00:17:07.432 BEHIND, SOME THINGS WHICH WILL BE REAL STRUCTURAL CHANGE. 00:17:07.456 --> 00:17:09.100 BE REAL STRUCTURAL CHANGE. YOU KNOW, FROM A MICROSOFT 00:17:09.124 --> 00:17:11.269 YOU KNOW, FROM A MICROSOFT PERSPECTIVE IT STARTED FOR ME, 00:17:11.293 --> 00:17:13.338 PERSPECTIVE IT STARTED FOR ME, MY FIRST GROUNDING MYSELF AND 00:17:13.362 --> 00:17:14.973 MY FIRST GROUNDING MYSELF AND THE COMPANY ON THE SAFETY OF OUR 00:17:14.997 --> 00:17:15.875 THE COMPANY ON THE SAFETY OF OUR OWN EMPLOYEES. 00:17:15.899 --> 00:17:17.742 OWN EMPLOYEES. SO WE WERE VERY EARLY ON, WE 00:17:17.766 --> 00:17:19.744 SO WE WERE VERY EARLY ON, WE SAID, LOOK, WE'RE GOING TO 00:17:19.768 --> 00:17:20.845 SAID, LOOK, WE'RE GOING TO FOLLOW PUBLIC HEALTH GUIDANCE 00:17:20.869 --> 00:17:23.181 FOLLOW PUBLIC HEALTH GUIDANCE AND WHEN WE SENT PEOPLE HOME, 00:17:23.205 --> 00:17:24.682 AND WHEN WE SENT PEOPLE HOME, WHETHER IN SILICON VALLEY OR 00:17:24.706 --> 00:17:27.118 WHETHER IN SILICON VALLEY OR SEATTLE, WE WERE A LITTLE AHEAD 00:17:27.142 --> 00:17:30.188 SEATTLE, WE WERE A LITTLE AHEAD OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH GUIDANCE 00:17:30.212 --> 00:17:31.456 OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH GUIDANCE AROUND WORK FROM SHELTER IN 00:17:31.480 --> 00:17:32.657 AROUND WORK FROM SHELTER IN PLACE, AND SO WE SORT OF TOOK 00:17:32.681 --> 00:17:34.559 PLACE, AND SO WE SORT OF TOOK THAT BECAUSE WE WANTED OUR 00:17:34.583 --> 00:17:35.394 THAT BECAUSE WE WANTED OUR EMPLOYEES TO BE SAFE. 00:17:35.418 --> 00:17:39.164 EMPLOYEES TO BE SAFE. BUT THEN AT THE SAME TIME WE 00:17:39.188 --> 00:17:40.165 BUT THEN AT THE SAME TIME WE REALIZED WE NEEDED TO BE DIGITAL 00:17:40.189 --> 00:17:41.433 REALIZED WE NEEDED TO BE DIGITAL FIRST RESPONDERS TO ALL THE 00:17:41.457 --> 00:17:42.600 FIRST RESPONDERS TO ALL THE FIRST RESPONDERS OUT THERE, 00:17:42.624 --> 00:17:43.968 FIRST RESPONDERS OUT THERE, WHETHER IN HEALTHCARE IN THE 00:17:43.992 --> 00:17:46.371 WHETHER IN HEALTHCARE IN THE CRITICAL PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE 00:17:46.395 --> 00:17:48.773 CRITICAL PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE OR EDUCATION, AND SO IT IS 00:17:48.797 --> 00:17:50.708 OR EDUCATION, AND SO IT IS AMAZING TO SEE HOW ALL OF THOSE 00:17:50.732 --> 00:17:53.311 AMAZING TO SEE HOW ALL OF THOSE PEOPLE WERE ABLE TO ALSO GO 00:17:53.335 --> 00:17:55.113 PEOPLE WERE ABLE TO ALSO GO REMOTE, CONTINUE OPERATIONS. 00:17:55.137 --> 00:17:57.882 REMOTE, CONTINUE OPERATIONS. SO AT A HIGH LEVEL, SAL, I THINK 00:17:57.906 --> 00:17:59.484 SO AT A HIGH LEVEL, SAL, I THINK ABOUT THIS RESPONSE FACE, 00:17:59.508 --> 00:18:01.419 ABOUT THIS RESPONSE FACE, RECOVERY FACE AND THE REIMAGINE 00:18:01.443 --> 00:18:04.122 RECOVERY FACE AND THE REIMAGINE FACE AND THEY'RE ALL HAPPENING 00:18:04.146 --> 00:18:04.457 FACE AND THEY'RE ALL HAPPENING SIMULTANEOUSLY. 00:18:04.481 --> 00:18:06.357 SIMULTANEOUSLY. INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH, DIGITAL 00:18:06.381 --> 00:18:08.960 INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH, DIGITAL TECH IS THAT MOST MALLEABLE OF 00:18:08.984 --> 00:18:10.228 TECH IS THAT MOST MALLEABLE OF RESOURCE WE HAVE TO HELP 00:18:10.252 --> 00:18:13.198 RESOURCE WE HAVE TO HELP COMPANIES BE MORE RESILIENT. 00:18:13.222 --> 00:18:15.400 COMPANIES BE MORE RESILIENT. AS WELL AS THE TECHNOLOGY THAT 00:18:15.424 --> 00:18:16.935 AS WELL AS THE TECHNOLOGY THAT HELPS YOU ADAPT TO CHANGE. 00:18:16.959 --> 00:18:18.903 F YOU'RE A RETAILER, YOU KNOW, 00:18:18.927 --> 00:18:22.173 EVEN YOU'RE A SMALL BUSINESS, BUT YOU'RE A PHYSICAL RETAILER, 00:18:22.197 --> 00:18:24.742 BUT YOU'RE A PHYSICAL RETAILER, YOU NOW NEED TO DO CURBSIDE 00:18:24.766 --> 00:18:24.910 YOU NOW NEED TO DO CURBSIDE PICKUP. 00:18:24.934 --> 00:18:26.544 PICKUP. YOU NEED A LITTLE APP FOR THAT. 00:18:26.568 --> 00:18:29.047 YOU NEED A LITTLE APP FOR THAT. OR YOU NEED TO BE ABLE TO DO 00:18:29.071 --> 00:18:30.148 OR YOU NEED TO BE ABLE TO DO CONTACTLESS SHOPPING, YOU NEED 00:18:30.172 --> 00:18:31.382 CONTACTLESS SHOPPING, YOU NEED SOME TECHNOLOGY FOR THAT. 00:18:31.406 --> 00:18:32.650 SOME TECHNOLOGY FOR THAT. OR FUR IF YOU'RE IN HEALTHCARE, 00:18:32.674 --> 00:18:34.285 OR FUR IF YOU'RE IN HEALTHCARE, WE HAVE BEEN TALKING ABOUT 00:18:34.309 --> 00:18:35.453 WE HAVE BEEN TALKING ABOUT TELEMEDICINE FOR DECADES. 00:18:35.477 --> 00:18:37.856 TELEMEDICINE FOR DECADES. GUESS WHAT, I DON'T THINK WE'RE 00:18:37.880 --> 00:18:40.525 GUESS WHAT, I DON'T THINK WE'RE EVER GOING BACK TO OUTPATIENT 00:18:40.549 --> 00:18:41.526 EVER GOING BACK TO OUTPATIENT CONSULTS, WHICH DON'T HAVE SOME 00:18:41.550 --> 00:18:45.997 CONSULTS, WHICH DON'T HAVE SOME FORM OF AN AI TRIAGE FIRST AND 00:18:46.021 --> 00:18:46.932 FORM OF AN AI TRIAGE FIRST AND THEN TELEMEDICINE SESSION AND 00:18:46.956 --> 00:18:48.433 THEN TELEMEDICINE SESSION AND THEN YOU SHOW UP AT A HOSPITAL, 00:18:48.457 --> 00:18:49.801 THEN YOU SHOW UP AT A HOSPITAL, WHICH I THINK WOULD BE FANTASTIC 00:18:49.825 --> 00:18:53.171 WHICH I THINK WOULD BE FANTASTIC FOR OUR HEALTHCARE COSTS. 00:18:53.195 --> 00:18:53.873 FOR OUR HEALTHCARE COSTS. EDUCATION, OF COURSE. 00:18:53.897 --> 00:18:56.307 EDUCATION, OF COURSE. SO MICROSOFT'S REALLY HELPING 00:18:56.331 --> 00:18:58.676 SO MICROSOFT'S REALLY HELPING ORGANIZATIONS OF ALL SIZES AND 00:18:58.700 --> 00:19:00.411 ORGANIZATIONS OF ALL SIZES AND ALL INDUSTRIES REALLY GET 00:19:00.435 --> 00:19:03.147 ALL INDUSTRIES REALLY GET THROUGH THIS CRISIS, WHILE FIRST 00:19:03.171 --> 00:19:05.016 THROUGH THIS CRISIS, WHILE FIRST SUSTAINING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY BUT 00:19:05.040 --> 00:19:06.718 SUSTAINING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY REIMAGINING HOW 00:19:06.742 --> 00:19:08.653 MORE IMPORTANTLY REIMAGINING HOW THEY CAN USE SOME OF THESE 00:19:08.677 --> 00:19:09.687 THEY CAN USE SOME OF THESE TECHNOLOGIES TO RECONFIGURE 00:19:09.711 --> 00:19:10.788 TECHNOLOGIES TO RECONFIGURE THEMSELVES FOR WHAT ARE GOING TO 00:19:10.812 --> 00:19:13.925 THEMSELVES FOR WHAT ARE GOING TO BE REAL SECULAR CHANGES. 00:19:13.949 --> 00:19:15.193 BE REAL SECULAR CHANGES. AND QUESTION HERE RELATED TO 00:19:15.217 --> 00:19:17.762 AND QUESTION HERE RELATED TO THAT FROM YOUTUBE, MO FRIDAY 00:19:17.786 --> 00:19:19.564 THAT FROM YOUTUBE, MO FRIDAY SAYS WHAT ARE YOU AND MICROSOFT 00:19:19.588 --> 00:19:21.366 SAYS WHAT ARE YOU AND MICROSOFT DOING TO OPTIMIZE THE DIGITAL 00:19:21.390 --> 00:19:25.737 DOING TO OPTIMIZE THE DIGITAL WORLD IN LIGHT OF COVID, AND SO, 00:19:25.761 --> 00:19:26.472 WORLD IN LIGHT OF COVID, AND SO, MAYBE ON THAT PART OF IT, JUST 00:19:26.496 --> 00:19:27.805 MAYBE ON THAT PART OF IT, JUST TOUCHING ON WHAT YOU ALREADY 00:19:27.829 --> 00:19:30.375 TOUCHING ON WHAT YOU ALREADY TALKED ABOUT, HOW HAS WORK AT 00:19:30.399 --> 00:19:30.809 TALKED ABOUT, HOW HAS WORK AT MICROSOFT CHANGED? 00:19:30.833 --> 00:19:33.478 MICROSOFT CHANGED? HAVE YOU NOTICED A DIFFERENCE IN 00:19:33.502 --> 00:19:34.446 HAVE YOU NOTICED A DIFFERENCE IN PRODUCTIVITY BECAUSE ESSENTIALLY 00:19:34.470 --> 00:19:37.715 PRODUCTIVITY BECAUSE ESSENTIALLY YOU HAVE A FULLY DISTRIBUTED AND 00:19:37.739 --> 00:19:41.419 YOU HAVE A FULLY DISTRIBUTED AND REMOTE WORKFORCE NOW AND IF NOT, 00:19:41.443 --> 00:19:42.221 REMOTE WORKFORCE NOW AND IF NOT, DOES THAT LEAD TO NEW DIRECTIONS 00:19:42.245 --> 00:19:43.288 DOES THAT LEAD TO NEW DIRECTIONS FOR EVEN HOW THE MICROSOFT 00:19:43.312 --> 00:19:44.489 FOR EVEN HOW THE MICROSOFT ITSELF HAS ORGANIZED OR WHERE 00:19:44.513 --> 00:19:45.523 ITSELF HAS ORGANIZED OR WHERE PEOPLE DO THEIR WORK? 00:19:45.547 --> 00:19:46.358 PEOPLE DO THEIR WORK? NO, ABSOLUTELY. 00:19:46.382 --> 00:19:48.092 NO, ABSOLUTELY. IN FACT, THIS IS ANOTHER PLACE 00:19:48.116 --> 00:19:50.628 IN FACT, THIS IS ANOTHER PLACE WHEE WE'RE DEEP IN THE DATA AND 00:19:50.652 --> 00:19:52.897 WHEE WE'RE DEEP IN THE DATA AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCE OF IT EVEN I 00:19:52.921 --> 00:19:55.166 THE SOCIAL SCIENCE OF IT EVEN I WOULD SAY TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS 00:19:55.190 --> 00:19:55.334 WOULD SAY TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS HAPPENING. 00:19:55.358 --> 00:19:57.468 HAPPENING. SAL, I WOULD SAY THAT THREE... 00:19:57.492 --> 00:20:00.104 SAL, I WOULD SAY THAT THREE... AT LEAST DIMENSIONS BROADLY TO 00:20:00.128 --> 00:20:01.806 AT LEAST DIMENSIONS BROADLY TO EVEN TALK ABOUT PRODUCTIVITY, 00:20:01.830 --> 00:20:03.875 EVEN TALK ABOUT PRODUCTIVITY, THE FIRST IS HOW ARE PEOPLE 00:20:03.899 --> 00:20:05.710 THE FIRST IS HOW ARE PEOPLE COLLABORATING TO GET WORK DONE, 00:20:05.734 --> 00:20:05.978 COLLABORATING TO GET WORK DONE, RIGHT? 00:20:06.002 --> 00:20:07.245 RIGHT? ULTIMATELY, YOU KNOW, 00:20:07.269 --> 00:20:08.346 ULTIMATELY, YOU KNOW, INDIVIDUALS WORK IN TEAMS, AND 00:20:08.370 --> 00:20:10.315 INDIVIDUALS WORK IN TEAMS, AND IT IS A QUESTION OF HOW IS WORK 00:20:10.339 --> 00:20:13.751 IT IS A QUESTION OF HOW IS WORK GETTING DONE, HOW ARE PEOPLE 00:20:13.775 --> 00:20:13.919 GETTING DONE, HOW ARE PEOPLE COLLABORATING. 00:20:13.943 --> 00:20:15.787 COLLABORATING. AND, YOU KNOW IT NOT JUST 00:20:15.811 --> 00:20:15.954 AND, YOU KNOW IT NOT JUST MEETINGS. 00:20:15.978 --> 00:20:16.922 MEETINGS. ONE THING IS TO SAY EVERYBODY IS 00:20:16.946 --> 00:20:19.691 ONE THING IS TO SAY EVERYBODY IS ON A TEAMS CALL OR WHAT HAVE YOU 00:20:19.715 --> 00:20:21.359 ON A TEAMS CALL OR WHAT HAVE YOU AND YOU HAVE THE ABILITY TO DO 00:20:21.383 --> 00:20:22.860 AND YOU HAVE THE ABILITY TO DO LOTS OF MEETINGS. 00:20:22.884 --> 00:20:25.096 LOTS OF MEETINGS. THAT'S IMPORTANT. 00:20:25.120 --> 00:20:26.564 THAT'S IMPORTANT. WORK HAPPENS BEFORE MEETINGS, 00:20:26.588 --> 00:20:27.899 WORK HAPPENS BEFORE MEETINGS, DURING MEETINGS, AFTER MEETINGS. 00:20:27.923 --> 00:20:29.968 DURING MEETINGS, AFTER MEETINGS. HOW DO YOU HAVE THE FULL WORK 00:20:29.992 --> 00:20:31.469 HOW DO YOU HAVE THE FULL WORK FLOW, THE FULL COLLABORATION, 00:20:31.493 --> 00:20:33.171 FLOW, THE FULL COLLABORATION, THAT'S ONE ASPECT WE'RE LEARNING 00:20:33.195 --> 00:20:35.506 THAT'S ONE ASPECT WE'RE LEARNING A LOT, YOU SEE MEASURED ON 00:20:35.530 --> 00:20:37.809 A LOT, YOU SEE MEASURED ON COLLABORATION, LIKE, IN FACT, WE 00:20:37.833 --> 00:20:39.444 COLLABORATION, LIKE, IN FACT, WE EVEN STUDIED GITHUB AND THE 00:20:39.468 --> 00:20:41.279 EVEN STUDIED GITHUB AND THE PRODUCTIVITY OF DEVELOPERS, 00:20:41.303 --> 00:20:44.115 PRODUCTIVITY OF DEVELOPERS, ABSOLUTELY, AS MEASURED BY POLL 00:20:44.139 --> 00:20:46.117 ABSOLUTELY, AS MEASURED BY POLL REQUESTS AND PUSHES, COMMENTS, 00:20:46.141 --> 00:20:47.785 REQUESTS AND PUSHES, COMMENTS, CODE REVIEWS, HUGE. 00:20:47.809 --> 00:20:50.154 CODE REVIEWS, HUGE. SO YOU CAN SAY ONE LEVEL YOU'RE 00:20:50.178 --> 00:20:53.958 SO YOU CAN SAY ONE LEVEL YOU'RE MAINTAINING LARGE AMOUNTS OF 00:20:53.982 --> 00:20:54.092 MAINTAINING LARGE AMOUNTS OF PRODUCTIVITY. 00:20:54.116 --> 00:20:55.027 PRODUCTIVITY. A LOT OF MEETING TIME. 00:20:55.051 --> 00:20:57.128 A LOT OF MEETING TIME. WE'RE ALSO SEEING THAT. 00:20:57.152 --> 00:20:59.497 WE'RE ALSO SEEING THAT. MULTIMODAL, PEOPLE CHAT, PEOPLE 00:20:59.521 --> 00:21:01.366 MULTIMODAL, PEOPLE CHAT, PEOPLE COLLABORATE ON DOCUMENTS, ALSO 00:21:01.390 --> 00:21:02.934 COLLABORATE ON DOCUMENTS, ALSO COLLABORATING DURING MEETINGS, 00:21:02.958 --> 00:21:05.503 COLLABORATING DURING MEETINGS, THAT CONNECTION, THE NUMBER OF 00:21:05.527 --> 00:21:06.838 THAT CONNECTION, THE NUMBER OF MEETINGS, SHORT MEETINGS HAVE 00:21:06.862 --> 00:21:09.440 MEETINGS, SHORT MEETINGS HAVE BEEN ON A RISE BECAUSE THAT'S 00:21:09.464 --> 00:21:12.143 BEEN ON A RISE BECAUSE THAT'S HOW... THE SUBSTITUTE FOR THE 00:21:12.167 --> 00:21:13.745 HOW... THE SUBSTITUTE FOR THE HALLWAY CONVERSATIONS AND, YOU 00:21:13.769 --> 00:21:14.779 HALLWAY CONVERSATIONS AND, YOU KNOW, MEETINGS, PHYSICALLY, 00:21:14.803 --> 00:21:17.115 KNOW, MEETINGS, PHYSICALLY, WHERE YOU WOULD HAVE THE SITE 00:21:17.139 --> 00:21:18.316 WHERE YOU WOULD HAVE THE SITE CONVERSATIONS NOW ALL MOVE TO 00:21:18.340 --> 00:21:19.617 CONVERSATIONS NOW ALL MOVE TO DIGITAL AND SO ON. 00:21:19.641 --> 00:21:22.420 DIGITAL AND SO ON. SO THAT'S A LITTLE BIT ON 00:21:22.444 --> 00:21:22.621 SO THAT'S A LITTLE BIT ON COLLABORATION. 00:21:22.645 --> 00:21:23.721 COLLABORATION. SECOND THING IS LEARNING. 00:21:23.745 --> 00:21:26.624 SECOND THING IS LEARNING. AFTER ALL, IF YOU SAY A FIRM IS 00:21:26.648 --> 00:21:28.893 AFTER ALL, IF YOU SAY A FIRM IS ABOUT PEOPLE IN THE 00:21:28.917 --> 00:21:30.094 ABOUT PEOPLE IN THE ORGANIZATION, CONTINUOUSLY 00:21:30.118 --> 00:21:30.995 ORGANIZATION, CONTINUOUSLY LEARNING, THAT'S CHANGING, 00:21:31.019 --> 00:21:31.196 LEARNING, THAT'S CHANGING, RIGHT? 00:21:31.220 --> 00:21:32.697 RIGHT? THINK ABOUT... I WAS TALKING TO 00:21:32.721 --> 00:21:35.833 THINK ABOUT... I WAS TALKING TO THE INTERN CLASS OF MICROSOFT 00:21:35.857 --> 00:21:37.835 THE INTERN CLASS OF MICROSOFT TODAY, 5,000 INTERNS, THEY'RE 00:21:37.859 --> 00:21:39.437 TODAY, 5,000 INTERNS, THEY'RE ALL REMOTE, FOR THE FIRST TIME, 00:21:39.461 --> 00:21:41.339 ALL REMOTE, FOR THE FIRST TIME, SO I'M CURIOUS TO SEE HOW ARE 00:21:41.363 --> 00:21:42.807 SO I'M CURIOUS TO SEE HOW ARE THEY GETTING MENTORED, HOW ARE 00:21:42.831 --> 00:21:44.242 THEY GETTING MENTORED, HOW ARE THEY LEARNING, HOW ARE THEY 00:21:44.266 --> 00:21:46.544 THEY LEARNING, HOW ARE THEY CONTRIBUTING TO THE LEARNING OF 00:21:46.568 --> 00:21:47.312 CONTRIBUTING TO THE LEARNING OF MICROSOFT? 00:21:47.336 --> 00:21:49.614 MICROSOFT? SO THAT SYSTEM I THINK IS GOING 00:21:49.638 --> 00:21:51.082 SO THAT SYSTEM I THINK IS GOING THROUGH MASSIVE CHANGE RIGHT NOW 00:21:51.106 --> 00:21:53.317 THROUGH MASSIVE CHANGE RIGHT NOW IN ORDER TO ON BOARD A NEW 00:21:53.341 --> 00:21:55.219 IN ORDER TO ON BOARD A NEW EMPLOYEE, TO GET NEW TEAMS TO 00:21:55.243 --> 00:21:56.654 EMPLOYEE, TO GET NEW TEAMS TO WORK TOGETHER, YOU NEED TO BE 00:21:56.678 --> 00:21:59.624 WORK TOGETHER, YOU NEED TO BE ABLE TO DO THAT UPSCALING, 00:21:59.648 --> 00:22:00.492 ABLE TO DO THAT UPSCALING, RESCALING, LEARNING IN THE FLOOR 00:22:00.516 --> 00:22:01.859 RESCALING, LEARNING IN THE FLOOR OF WORK, SO MASSIVE CHANGE. 00:22:01.883 --> 00:22:03.661 OF WORK, SO MASSIVE CHANGE. THE OTHER ONE, SAL, FIRST LINE 00:22:03.685 --> 00:22:04.329 THE OTHER ONE, SAL, FIRST LINE WORK AND KNOWLEDGE WORK. 00:22:04.353 --> 00:22:06.564 WORK AND KNOWLEDGE WORK. A LOT OF TIMES WE TALK ABOUT HOW 00:22:06.588 --> 00:22:10.301 A LOT OF TIMES WE TALK ABOUT HOW GOOD, YOU KNOW, REMOTE IS FOR 00:22:10.325 --> 00:22:10.569 GOOD, YOU KNOW, REMOTE IS FOR KNOWLEDGE WORK. 00:22:10.593 --> 00:22:12.070 KNOWLEDGE WORK. A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE GOING INTO 00:22:12.094 --> 00:22:14.372 A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE GOING INTO THE MANUFACTURING PLANTS, 00:22:14.396 --> 00:22:15.373 THE MANUFACTURING PLANTS, BUILDING RESPIRATORS AND THE 00:22:15.397 --> 00:22:20.545 BUILDING RESPIRATORS AND THE MASKS AND ALL OF THE A 00:22:20.569 --> 00:22:20.878 BUILDING RESPIRATORS AND THE MASKS AND ALL OF THE EQUIPMENT 00:22:20.902 --> 00:22:21.346 MASKS AND ALL OF THE EQUIPMENT WE NEED. 00:22:21.370 --> 00:22:22.747 WE NEED. THAT'S A PLACE WHERE THE 00:22:22.771 --> 00:22:23.948 THAT'S A PLACE WHERE THE EXPERTISE IS BEING BRIDGED TO 00:22:23.972 --> 00:22:26.050 EXPERTISE IS BEING BRIDGED TO THE FRONT LINE AS WELL. 00:22:26.074 --> 00:22:28.453 THE FRONT LINE AS WELL. USING THINGS LIKE VR OR AR AND 00:22:28.477 --> 00:22:29.687 USING THINGS LIKE VR OR AR AND TECHNIQUES LIKE THAT, VERY 00:22:29.711 --> 00:22:32.757 TECHNIQUES LIKE THAT, VERY HELPFUL IN TERMS OF JUST THE 00:22:32.781 --> 00:22:32.925 HELPFUL IN TERMS OF JUST THE RESCALING. 00:22:32.949 --> 00:22:34.292 RESCALING. THE LAST ONE TO YOUR POINT IS 00:22:34.316 --> 00:22:35.827 THE LAST ONE TO YOUR POINT IS THE MENTAL AND WELL-BEING. 00:22:35.851 --> 00:22:38.529 THE MENTAL AND WELL-BEING. EVEN INSIDE OF MICROSOFT, WE'RE 00:22:38.553 --> 00:22:39.664 EVEN INSIDE OF MICROSOFT, WE'RE REALIZING THE 9:00 TO 5:00, THAT 00:22:39.688 --> 00:22:40.932 REALIZING THE 9:00 TO 5:00, THAT WAS NEVER THE CASE PERHAPS, BUT 00:22:40.956 --> 00:22:42.633 WAS NEVER THE CASE PERHAPS, BUT IT IS MUCH MORE ACUTE. 00:22:42.657 --> 00:22:44.135 IT IS MUCH MORE ACUTE. PEOPLE HAVE... ARE TAKING 00:22:44.159 --> 00:22:45.104 PEOPLE HAVE... ARE TAKING ADVANTAGE, PEOPLE ARE TAKING 00:22:45.128 --> 00:22:46.270 ADVANTAGE, PEOPLE ARE TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE FLEXIBILITY, 00:22:46.294 --> 00:22:48.106 ADVANTAGE OF THE FLEXIBILITY, THEY WORK EARLY IN THE MORNING, 00:22:48.130 --> 00:22:50.141 THEY WORK EARLY IN THE MORNING, MAYBE LATER AT NIGHT. 00:22:50.165 --> 00:22:51.943 MAYBE LATER AT NIGHT. THEY HAVE OTHER RESPONSIBILITIES 00:22:51.967 --> 00:22:54.011 THEY HAVE OTHER RESPONSIBILITIES AND THE WORK GROUP AROUND THEM 00:22:54.035 --> 00:22:55.780 AND THE WORK GROUP AROUND THEM IS ALSO ACCOMMODATIVE OF IT. 00:22:55.804 --> 00:22:58.816 IS ALSO ACCOMMODATIVE OF IT. BUT WE'RE ALSO RECOGNIZING THAT 00:22:58.840 --> 00:23:00.251 BUT WE'RE ALSO RECOGNIZING THAT VIDEO MEETINGS DO CAUSE FATIGUE. 00:23:00.275 --> 00:23:02.720 VIDEO MEETINGS DO CAUSE FATIGUE. WE DID AN EEG STUDY WHICH SAID 00:23:02.744 --> 00:23:03.821 WE DID AN EEG STUDY WHICH SAID 30 MINUTES INTO YOUR FIRST 00:23:03.845 --> 00:23:05.189 30 MINUTES INTO YOUR FIRST MEETING BECAUSE OF THE HIGH 00:23:05.213 --> 00:23:08.126 MEETING BECAUSE OF THE HIGH LEVELS OF CONCENTRATION YOU HAVE 00:23:08.150 --> 00:23:08.327 LEVELS OF CONCENTRATION YOU HAVE FATIGUE. 00:23:08.351 --> 00:23:10.561 FATIGUE. THAT'S WHAT EVEN LED TO THE 00:23:10.585 --> 00:23:11.296 THAT'S WHAT EVEN LED TO THE INNOVATION AROUND THIS TOGETHER 00:23:11.320 --> 00:23:14.632 INNOVATION AROUND THIS TOGETHER MODE IN TEAMS, WHICH WE'RE ALL 00:23:14.656 --> 00:23:17.568 MODE IN TEAMS, WHICH WE'RE ALL IN THESE POSTAGE STAMP BOXES IF 00:23:17.592 --> 00:23:20.004 IN THESE POSTAGE STAMP BOXES IF WE COULD BE ON A STAGE TOGETHER, 00:23:20.028 --> 00:23:21.038 WE COULD BE ON A STAGE TOGETHER, LIKE A CONFERENCE ROOM OR WHAT 00:23:21.062 --> 00:23:22.874 LIKE A CONFERENCE ROOM OR WHAT HAVE YOU, IT CHANGES. 00:23:22.898 --> 00:23:24.742 HAVE YOU, IT CHANGES. THE MENTAL FRAME AND THE 00:23:24.766 --> 00:23:24.877 THE MENTAL FRAME AND THE FATIGUE. 00:23:24.901 --> 00:23:26.277 FATIGUE. SO THOSE ARE TH TYPES OF THINGS 00:23:26.301 --> 00:23:30.148 SO THOSE ARE TH TYPES OF THINGS WE'RE LOOKING AT AND SAY HOW DO 00:23:30.172 --> 00:23:31.983 WE'RE LOOKING AT AND SAY HOW DO WE FACILITATE BETTER HABITS AND 00:23:32.007 --> 00:23:34.418 WE FACILITATE BETTER HABITS AND NUDGES IN THE SYSTEM, EVEN FOR 00:23:34.442 --> 00:23:36.921 NUDGES IN THE SYSTEM, EVEN FOR BETTER HABITS, BETTER 00:23:36.945 --> 00:23:39.190 BETTER HABITS, BETTER TRANSITIONS AND LESS FATIGUE AND 00:23:39.214 --> 00:23:40.391 TRANSITIONS AND LESS FATIGUE AND BETTER WELL-BEING AS WELL AS 00:23:40.415 --> 00:23:43.060 BETTER WELL-BEING AS WELL AS LEARNING AS WELL AS 00:23:43.084 --> 00:23:43.195 LEARNING AS WELL AS COLLABORATION. 00:23:43.219 --> 00:23:45.263 COLLABORATION. AND THERE IS SO MUCH IN 00:23:45.287 --> 00:23:45.931 AND THERE IS SO MUCH IN THERE. 00:23:45.955 --> 00:23:48.733 THERE. AND I... SO YOU LOOKED AT THINGS 00:23:48.757 --> 00:23:50.067 AND I... SO YOU LOOKED AT THINGS LIKE THE PRODUCTIVITY OF 00:23:50.091 --> 00:23:52.503 LIKE THE PRODUCTIVITY OF ENGINEERS ON THINGS LIKE GITHUB, 00:23:52.527 --> 00:23:54.105 ENGINEERS ON THINGS LIKE GITHUB, SO ARE... IS IT ROUGHLY NEUTRAL 00:23:54.129 --> 00:23:56.407 SO ARE... IS IT ROUGHLY NEUTRAL IS WHAT YOU SAW OR I GUESS THERE 00:23:56.431 --> 00:23:56.775 IS WHAT YOU SAW OR I GUESS THERE COULD BE... 00:23:56.799 --> 00:23:58.709 COULD BE... YEAH, IT IS A GREAT QUESTION. 00:23:58.733 --> 00:24:00.778 YEAH, IT IS A GREAT QUESTION. I DON'T THINK WE REALLY HAVE ALL 00:24:00.802 --> 00:24:01.979 I DON'T THINK WE REALLY HAVE ALL THE DEFINITE METRICS. 00:24:02.003 --> 00:24:04.048 THE DEFINITE METRICS. FOR EXAMPLE, IF YOU MEASURE IT 00:24:04.072 --> 00:24:06.384 FOR EXAMPLE, IF YOU MEASURE IT BY TASK, I THINK YOU CAN EVEN 00:24:06.408 --> 00:24:08.219 BY TASK, I THINK YOU CAN EVEN SAY FOR CERTAIN RULES, IT IS NOT 00:24:08.243 --> 00:24:11.055 SAY FOR CERTAIN RULES, IT IS NOT A UNIVERSAL STATEMENT, WE MAY BE 00:24:11.079 --> 00:24:12.156 A UNIVERSAL STATEMENT, WE MAY BE MORE PRODUCTIVE THAN WE WERE, 00:24:12.180 --> 00:24:13.558 MORE PRODUCTIVE THAN WE WERE, BECAUSE THE SUBSTITUTION OF 00:24:13.582 --> 00:24:15.660 BECAUSE THE SUBSTITUTION OF COMMUTE TIMES, THERE IS SORT OF 00:24:15.684 --> 00:24:16.894 COMMUTE TIMES, THERE IS SORT OF MORE FLEXIBILITY AND THAT 00:24:16.918 --> 00:24:18.162 MORE FLEXIBILITY AND THAT FLEXIBILITY LEADS TO BETTER 00:24:18.186 --> 00:24:20.031 FLEXIBILITY LEADS TO BETTER PRODUCTIVITY AND WHAT HAVE YOU. 00:24:20.055 --> 00:24:20.999 PRODUCTIVITY AND WHAT HAVE YOU. ONE THING WE'RE ALSO TRYING TO 00:24:21.023 --> 00:24:23.734 ONE THING WE'RE ALSO TRYING TO DO IS WHAT ARE THE LONG-TERM 00:24:23.758 --> 00:24:25.570 DO IS WHAT ARE THE LONG-TERM EFFECTS, RIGHT? pCREATION OF NEWG 00:24:25.594 --> 00:24:27.672 EFFECTS, RIGHT? pCREATION OF NEWG IS I'LL BE BURNING THE BACKLOG 00:24:27.696 --> 00:24:29.473 IS I'LL BE BURNING THE BACKLOG OR ARE YOU CREATING NEW? 00:24:29.497 --> 00:24:31.242 OR ARE YOU CREATING NEW? IS IT DIFFERENT BY DIFFERENT 00:24:31.266 --> 00:24:31.410 IS IT DIFFERENT BY DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES? 00:24:31.434 --> 00:24:33.778 COMMUNITIES? THE OPEN SOURCE COMMUNITY BY 00:24:33.802 --> 00:24:34.613 THE OPEN SOURCE COMMUNITY BY DEFINITION WAS WELL PREPPED 00:24:34.637 --> 00:24:37.081 DEFINITION WAS WELL PREPPED BECAUSE OF ALL OF THE SOCIAL 00:24:37.105 --> 00:24:39.650 BECAUSE OF ALL OF THE SOCIAL CAPITAL THAT GETS BUILT IN OPEN 00:24:39.674 --> 00:24:41.986 CAPITAL THAT GETS BUILT IN OPEN SOURCE IS FUNDAMENTALLY REMOTE. 00:24:42.010 --> 00:24:45.056 SOURCE IS FUNDAMENTALLY REMOTE. WHERE AS CERTAIN GROUPS THAT 00:24:45.080 --> 00:24:46.757 WHERE AS CERTAIN GROUPS THAT WORKED CLOSELY TOGETHER, ARE 00:24:46.781 --> 00:24:47.825 WORKED CLOSELY TOGETHER, ARE BURNING DOWN THEIR SOCIAL 00:24:47.849 --> 00:24:49.861 BURNING DOWN THEIR SOCIAL CAPITAL BY GOING REMOTE, AND NOW 00:24:49.885 --> 00:24:52.363 CAPITAL BY GOING REMOTE, AND NOW THEY NEED TO FORM NEW CAPITAL, 00:24:52.387 --> 00:24:54.232 THEY NEED TO FORM NEW CAPITAL, NEW CONNECTIONS IN ORDER TO DO 00:24:54.256 --> 00:24:54.867 NEW CONNECTIONS IN ORDER TO DO INNOVATIVE THINGS. 00:24:54.891 --> 00:24:57.268 INNOVATIVE THINGS. THAT'S ONE THING WE'RE TRYING TO 00:24:57.292 --> 00:24:57.436 THAT'S ONE THING WE'RE TRYING TO STUDY. 00:24:57.460 --> 00:24:58.903 STUDY. THAT'S FASCINATING. 00:24:58.927 --> 00:25:00.137 THAT'S FASCINATING. WE COULD TALK FOR HOURS JUST 00:25:00.161 --> 00:25:02.006 WE COULD TALK FOR HOURS JUST ABOUT THAT. 00:25:02.030 --> 00:25:04.075 ABOUT THAT. I WANT TO MAKE SURE I HAVE TIME 00:25:04.099 --> 00:25:05.810 I WANT TO MAKE SURE I HAVE TIME TO GET TO THE BROADEST VIEW OF 00:25:05.834 --> 00:25:07.511 TO GET TO THE BROADEST VIEW OF THE ECONOMY AND THE ROLE OF 00:25:07.535 --> 00:25:09.247 THE ECONOMY AND THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE ECONOMY. 00:25:09.271 --> 00:25:10.381 TECHNOLOGY IN THE ECONOMY. BECAUSE, IT LOOKS LIKE WHEN YOU 00:25:10.405 --> 00:25:11.949 BECAUSE, IT LOOKS LIKE WHEN YOU LOOK AT THINGS LIKE THE STOCK 00:25:11.973 --> 00:25:13.618 LOOK AT THINGS LIKE THE STOCK MARKET VERSUS THE REAL ECONOMY, 00:25:13.642 --> 00:25:15.453 MARKET VERSUS THE REAL ECONOMY, WE'RE KIND OF IN A TAIL OF TWO 00:25:15.477 --> 00:25:16.587 WE'RE KIND OF IN A TAIL OF TWO UNIVERSES RIGHT NOW. 00:25:16.611 --> 00:25:18.256 UNIVERSES RIGHT NOW. YOU LOOK AT THOSE OF US WHO ARE 00:25:18.280 --> 00:25:19.490 YOU LOOK AT THOSE OF US WHO ARE FORTUNATE TO BE ABLE TO DO 00:25:19.514 --> 00:25:21.292 FORTUNATE TO BE ABLE TO DO REMOTE WORK, TO BE ABLE TO DO 00:25:21.316 --> 00:25:23.361 REMOTE WORK, TO BE ABLE TO DO WORK IN TECHNOLOGY, IT SEEMS 00:25:23.385 --> 00:25:24.762 WORK IN TECHNOLOGY, IT SEEMS LIKE TO SOME DEGREE NOT THAT 00:25:24.786 --> 00:25:26.230 LIKE TO SOME DEGREE NOT THAT MUCH HAS CHANGED AND IN SOME 00:25:26.254 --> 00:25:27.632 MUCH HAS CHANGED AND IN SOME CASES IT MIGHT HAVE GOTTEN 00:25:27.656 --> 00:25:31.636 CASES IT MIGHT HAVE GOTTEN BETTER BECAUSE OF FLEXIBILITY OR 00:25:31.660 --> 00:25:31.904 BETTER BECAUSE OF FLEXIBILITY OR PRODUCTIVITY. 00:25:31.928 --> 00:25:33.804 PRODUCTIVITY. WHERE DO YOU SEE ALL OF THIS 00:25:33.828 --> 00:25:34.172 WHERE DO YOU SEE ALL OF THIS GOING? 00:25:34.196 --> 00:25:36.874 GOING? LET'S EXTRAPOLATE FOR A FEW 00:25:36.898 --> 00:25:38.276 LET'S EXTRAPOLATE FOR A FEW MINUTES ON, YOU KNOW, IS THIS A 00:25:38.300 --> 00:25:38.777 MINUTES ON, YOU KNOW, IS THIS A REAL TREND? 00:25:38.801 --> 00:25:40.544 REAL TREND? PEOPLE HAVE TALKED ABOUT 00:25:40.568 --> 00:25:42.246 PEOPLE HAVE TALKED ABOUT TECHNOLOGY AS MAYBE BEING A... 00:25:42.270 --> 00:25:44.048 TECHNOLOGY AS MAYBE BEING A... AN EQUALIZER, BUT ALSO A SOURCE 00:25:44.072 --> 00:25:46.684 AN EQUALIZER, BUT ALSO A SOURCE OF INEQUALITY, IS COVID 00:25:46.708 --> 00:25:47.185 OF INEQUALITY, IS COVID ACCELERATING THAT? 00:25:47.209 --> 00:25:48.486 ACCELERATING THAT? THAT'S A GREAT POINT. 00:25:48.510 --> 00:25:50.054 THAT'S A GREAT POINT. IF YOU LOOK AT IT, EVEN ON THE 00:25:50.078 --> 00:25:53.257 IF YOU LOOK AT IT, EVEN ON THE TREND SIDE, SAL, IT IS A COMPLEX 00:25:53.281 --> 00:25:53.392 TREND SIDE, SAL, IT IS A COMPLEX SITUATION. 00:25:53.416 --> 00:25:55.293 SITUATION. WE HAVE THE HEALTH CRISIS, AND 00:25:55.317 --> 00:25:59.163 WE HAVE THE HEALTH CRISIS, AND THE PANDEMIC, WE HAVE THE 00:25:59.187 --> 00:26:01.565 THE PANDEMIC, WE HAVE THE ECONOMIC DISLOCATION THAT IS 00:26:01.589 --> 00:26:02.401 ECONOMIC DISLOCATION THAT IS GETTING CREATED PRIMARILY 00:26:02.425 --> 00:26:04.835 GETTING CREATED PRIMARILY BECAUSE OF THE PANDEMIC. 00:26:04.859 --> 00:26:07.538 BECAUSE OF THE PANDEMIC. AND IT IS GOING TO BRING ABOUT 00:26:07.562 --> 00:26:09.240 AND IT IS GOING TO BRING ABOUT STRUCTURAL CHANGE EVEN POST 00:26:09.264 --> 00:26:09.508 STRUCTURAL CHANGE EVEN POST PANDEMIC. 00:26:09.532 --> 00:26:13.544 PANDEMIC. ITS IMPACTS WILL BE LONG 00:26:13.568 --> 00:26:13.745 ITS IMPACTS WILL BE LONG LASTING. 00:26:13.769 --> 00:26:17.114 LASTING. THERE IS THE SOCIETAL CHANGE 00:26:17.138 --> 00:26:19.850 THERE IS THE SOCIETAL CHANGE RIGHT, ALL OF THE CHALLENGES OF 00:26:19.874 --> 00:26:22.586 RIGHT, ALL OF THE CHALLENGES OF RACE AND THE GENERAL ISSUES IN 00:26:22.610 --> 00:26:22.888 RACE AND THE GENERAL ISSUES IN SOCIETY. 00:26:22.912 --> 00:26:24.455 SOCIETY. THERE IS THE WORLD ORDER AS WE 00:26:24.479 --> 00:26:26.891 THERE IS THE WORLD ORDER AS WE KNOW OF IT, OR GLOBALIZATION, 00:26:26.915 --> 00:26:29.760 KNOW OF IT, OR GLOBALIZATION, WHICH DROVE AT LEAST THE 00:26:29.784 --> 00:26:32.830 WHICH DROVE AT LEAST THE CAPITALISM FOR 30 YEARS IS 00:26:32.854 --> 00:26:33.931 CAPITALISM FOR 30 YEARS IS FUNDAMENTALLY GETTING 00:26:33.955 --> 00:26:34.099 FUNDAMENTALLY GETTING RECONFIGURED. 00:26:34.123 --> 00:26:36.500 RECONFIGURED. YOU PUT IT ALL TOGETHER, I THINK 00:26:36.524 --> 00:26:38.636 YOU PUT IT ALL TOGETHER, I THINK WE HAVE TO SORT OF BE MINDFUL OF 00:26:38.660 --> 00:26:39.870 WE HAVE TO SORT OF BE MINDFUL OF MULTIPLE THINGS, SO THERE IS... 00:26:39.894 --> 00:26:41.739 MULTIPLE THINGS, SO THERE IS... IF THERE IS A SILVER LINING I DO 00:26:41.763 --> 00:26:44.208 IF THERE IS A SILVER LINING I DO BELIEVE WE HAVE TO GET BETTER 00:26:44.232 --> 00:26:46.944 BELIEVE WE HAVE TO GET BETTER AT... AS EVERY PERSON AND EVERY 00:26:46.968 --> 00:26:51.449 AT... AS EVERY PERSON AND EVERY INSTITUTION IN USING SAY THE 00:26:51.473 --> 00:26:52.683 INSTITUTION IN USING SAY THE MALABILITY OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY 00:26:52.707 --> 00:26:54.585 MALABILITY OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY TO HELP COPE WITH THIS CHANGE. 00:26:54.609 --> 00:26:55.886 TO HELP COPE WITH THIS CHANGE. WE ALSO THEREFORE HAVE TO DEAL 00:26:55.910 --> 00:26:57.621 WE ALSO THEREFORE HAVE TO DEAL WITH SOME OF THE ISSUES, WHICH 00:26:57.645 --> 00:26:59.824 WITH SOME OF THE ISSUES, WHICH IS... ONE IS IT IS THE WHATEVER 00:26:59.848 --> 00:27:01.892 IS... ONE IS IT IS THE WHATEVER HAPPENS NEXT HAS TO BE MORE 00:27:01.916 --> 00:27:03.527 HAPPENS NEXT HAS TO BE MORE INCLUSIVE. 00:27:03.551 --> 00:27:05.830 INCLUSIVE. WHETHER IT IS IN EDUCATION, DO 00:27:05.854 --> 00:27:08.032 WHETHER IT IS IN EDUCATION, DO WE HAVE BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY, 00:27:08.056 --> 00:27:09.967 WE HAVE BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY, DO WE HAVE THE DEVICES, ARE WE 00:27:09.991 --> 00:27:12.036 DO WE HAVE THE DEVICES, ARE WE HELPING SMALL BUSINESSES AND 00:27:12.060 --> 00:27:14.438 HELPING SMALL BUSINESSES AND LARGE BUSINESSES, IS IT ACROSS 00:27:14.462 --> 00:27:15.673 LARGE BUSINESSES, IS IT ACROSS ALL SECTORS, IT CAN'T JUST BE 00:27:15.697 --> 00:27:17.441 ALL SECTORS, IT CAN'T JUST BE ABOUT HIGH TECH AS A SECTOR, IT 00:27:17.465 --> 00:27:18.642 ABOUT HIGH TECH AS A SECTOR, IT HAS TO BE ABOUT EVERY PART OF 00:27:18.666 --> 00:27:19.677 HAS TO BE ABOUT EVERY PART OF THE ECONOMY. 00:27:19.701 --> 00:27:21.746 THE ECONOMY. IT HAS TO BE ABOUT KNOWLEDGE 00:27:21.770 --> 00:27:23.280 IT HAS TO BE ABOUT KNOWLEDGE WORKERS AND FIRSTLIN 00:27:23.304 --> 00:27:24.782 IT HAS TO BE ABOUT KNOWLEDGE WORKERS AND FIRSTL LINE WORKERS. 00:27:24.806 --> 00:27:25.916 WORKERS AND FIRSTL LINE WORKERS. WHATEVER COMES OUT NOW HAS TO BE 00:27:25.940 --> 00:27:27.618 WHATEVER COMES OUT NOW HAS TO BE MUCH MORE INCLUSIVE. 00:27:27.642 --> 00:27:31.455 MUCH MORE INCLUSIVE. OTHERWISE WE HAVE 90%, 80%, 70% 00:27:31.479 --> 00:27:32.757 OTHERWISE WE HAVE 90%, 80%, 70% ECONOMY THAT DOES ANYBODY ANY 00:27:32.781 --> 00:27:32.958 ECONOMY THAT DOES ANYBODY ANY GOOD. 00:27:32.982 --> 00:27:34.025 GOOD. THE SECOND THING IS TRUST. 00:27:34.049 --> 00:27:35.593 THE SECOND THING IS TRUST. THE OTHER THING THAT IS GOING TO 00:27:35.617 --> 00:27:38.329 THE OTHER THING THAT IS GOING TO BE MASSIVELY TALKED ABOUT IS AS 00:27:38.353 --> 00:27:39.297 BE MASSIVELY TALKED ABOUT IS AS TECHNOLOGY BECOMES SO PERVASIVE 00:27:39.321 --> 00:27:41.032 TECHNOLOGY BECOMES SO PERVASIVE IN OUR LIVES AND WORK, WHAT IS 00:27:41.056 --> 00:27:41.933 IN OUR LIVES AND WORK, WHAT IS THE INTEGRITY OF IT? 00:27:41.957 --> 00:27:44.502 THE INTEGRITY OF IT? YOU CAN TALK ABOUT IT AS. 00:27:44.526 --> 00:27:46.604 YOU CAN TALK ABOUT IT AS. I ETHICS, PRIVACY, SECURITY, 00:27:46.628 --> 00:27:49.507 I ETHICS, PRIVACY, SECURITY, INTERNET SAFETY, ALL FIRST CLASS 00:27:49.531 --> 00:27:49.674 INTERNET SAFETY, ALL FIRST CLASS ISSUES. 00:27:49.698 --> 00:27:52.977 ISSUES. THEN THE OTHER ASPECT TO ME IS 00:27:53.001 --> 00:27:56.580 THEN THE OTHER ASPECT TO ME IS ALL AROUND, YOU KNOW, ART, EVEN 00:27:56.604 --> 00:28:00.885 ALL AROUND, YOU KNOW, ART, EVEN THE CORE RIGHTS AND SAFETY AND 00:28:00.909 --> 00:28:02.453 THE CORE RIGHTS AND SAFETY AND TAKE EVEN HUMAN RIGHTS, ACCESS 00:28:02.477 --> 00:28:04.688 TAKE EVEN HUMAN RIGHTS, ACCESS IS ONE THING, AND RESKILLING AND 00:28:04.712 --> 00:28:06.690 IS ONE THING, AND RESKILLING AND UPSKILLING IS A MASSIVE ISSUE. 00:28:06.714 --> 00:28:09.693 UPSKILLING IS A MASSIVE ISSUE. SO SOME OF THESE CONSIDERATIONS 00:28:09.717 --> 00:28:10.629 SO SOME OF THESE CONSIDERATIONS AND SUSTAINABILITY IS THE OTHER 00:28:10.653 --> 00:28:12.363 AND SUSTAINABILITY IS THE OTHER ONE ARE GOING TO BE THINGS THAT 00:28:12.387 --> 00:28:14.665 ONE ARE GOING TO BE THINGS THAT WE WILL HAVE TO MAKE FIRST CLASS 00:28:14.689 --> 00:28:16.400 WE WILL HAVE TO MAKE FIRST CLASS IS INTO OUR DISCOURSE ON SAYING 00:28:16.424 --> 00:28:20.071 IS INTO OUR DISCOURSE ON SAYING AS WE COME OUT OF ALL OF THE 00:28:20.095 --> 00:28:21.605 AS WE COME OUT OF ALL OF THE MULTIPLE CHALLENGES, WILL WE BE 00:28:21.629 --> 00:28:25.176 MULTIPLE CHALLENGES, WILL WE BE ABLE TO NAVIGATE TO A BETTER 00:28:25.200 --> 00:28:27.378 ABLE TO NAVIGATE TO A BETTER PLACE BY TAKING A DIFFERENT 00:28:27.402 --> 00:28:28.913 PLACE BY TAKING A DIFFERENT APPROACH TO ECONOMIC GROWTH AT A 00:28:28.937 --> 00:28:30.247 APPROACH TO ECONOMIC GROWTH AT A FUNDAMENTAL LEVEL. 00:28:30.271 --> 00:28:31.882 FUNDAMENTAL LEVEL. THAT'S WHAT I BELIEVE, ECONOMIC 00:28:31.906 --> 00:28:33.117 THAT'S WHAT I BELIEVE, ECONOMIC GROWTH IS SUPER IMPORTANT. 00:28:33.141 --> 00:28:37.421 GROWTH IS SUPER IMPORTANT. THERE IS NO POINT SAYING THAT 00:28:37.445 --> 00:28:38.122 THERE IS NO POINT SAYING THAT LET'S SACRIFICE ECONOMIC GROWTH 00:28:38.146 --> 00:28:38.857 LET'S SACRIFICE ECONOMIC GROWTH BECAUSE WITHOUT ECONOMIC GROWTH, 00:28:38.881 --> 00:28:40.591 BECAUSE WITHOUT ECONOMIC GROWTH, YOU CAN'T SOLVE SOME OF THE 00:28:40.615 --> 00:28:41.093 YOU CAN'T SOLVE SOME OF THE OTHER CHALLENGES. 00:28:41.117 --> 00:28:43.294 OTHER CHALLENGES. BUT WHAT WE DO NEED TO SOLVE 00:28:43.318 --> 00:28:46.163 BUT WHAT WE DO NEED TO SOLVE THESE OTHER CHALLENGES ALONGSIDE 00:28:46.187 --> 00:28:48.299 THESE OTHER CHALLENGES ALONGSIDE ECONOMIC GROWTH. 00:28:48.323 --> 00:28:49.366 ECONOMIC GROWTH. ONE LAST QUESTION, A LOT OF 00:28:49.390 --> 00:28:51.068 ONE LAST QUESTION, A LOT OF YOUNG PEOPLE, A LOT OF QUESTIONS 00:28:51.092 --> 00:28:52.770 YOUNG PEOPLE, A LOT OF QUESTIONS ALONG THIS FLAVOR, THIS IS YOUR 00:28:52.794 --> 00:28:54.939 ALONG THIS FLAVOR, THIS IS YOUR CHANCE TO BE UNCLE SATYA FOR A 00:28:54.963 --> 00:28:55.907 CHANCE TO BE UNCLE SATYA FOR A SECOND. 00:28:55.931 --> 00:28:57.241 SECOND. WHAT ADVICE WOULD YOU... TO 00:28:57.265 --> 00:29:02.413 WHAT ADVICE WOULD YOU... TO FINISH OFF ON, WHAT ADVICE WOULD 00:29:02.437 --> 00:29:04.181 FINISH OFF ON, WHAT ADVICE WOULD YOU HAVE GIVEN TO YOURSELF 30 00:29:04.205 --> 00:29:05.483 YOU HAVE GIVEN TO YOURSELF 30 YEARS AGO OR TO FOLKS WATCHING 00:29:05.507 --> 00:29:07.218 YEARS AGO OR TO FOLKS WATCHING WHO ARE LIKE YOURSELF 30 YEARS 00:29:07.242 --> 00:29:07.352 WHO ARE LIKE YOURSELF 30 YEARS AGO? 00:29:07.376 --> 00:29:08.886 AGO? THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. 00:29:08.910 --> 00:29:11.322 THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. I RECENTLY WROTE A FATHER'S DAY 00:29:11.346 --> 00:29:12.456 I RECENTLY WROTE A FATHER'S DAY POST, I LOST MY FATHER LAST 00:29:12.480 --> 00:29:14.358 POST, I LOST MY FATHER LAST YEAR, HE WAS A GREAT INFLUENCE 00:29:14.382 --> 00:29:17.161 YEAR, HE WAS A GREAT INFLUENCE IN MY LIFE, AND I WAS REFLECTING 00:29:17.185 --> 00:29:19.196 IN MY LIFE, AND I WAS REFLECTING ON HIS OWN LIFE AND HOW HE LIVED 00:29:19.220 --> 00:29:20.698 ON HIS OWN LIFE AND HOW HE LIVED IT AND BY SOMEHOW HIM LIVING 00:29:20.722 --> 00:29:22.900 IT AND BY SOMEHOW HIM LIVING THAT LIFE, WHAT DID HE TEACH ME? 00:29:22.924 --> 00:29:25.035 THAT LIFE, WHAT DID HE TEACH ME? THE ONE THING I WOULD SAY IS, 00:29:25.059 --> 00:29:28.372 THE ONE THING I WOULD SAY IS, YOU KNOW, HOW DO YOU KEEP THAT 00:29:28.396 --> 00:29:29.540 YOU KNOW, HOW DO YOU KEEP THAT CURIOSITY AND THIRST FOR 00:29:29.564 --> 00:29:31.642 CURIOSITY AND THIRST FOR LEARNING, THAT INTELLECTUAL 00:29:31.666 --> 00:29:34.778 LEARNING, THAT INTELLECTUAL HONESTY AND NOT BEING DOGMATIC 00:29:34.802 --> 00:29:36.981 HONESTY AND NOT BEING DOGMATIC OR FALL VICTIM TO DOCTRINE AND 00:29:37.005 --> 00:29:37.816 OR FALL VICTIM TO DOCTRINE AND THINKING, THAT USED TO BE THE 00:29:37.840 --> 00:29:39.450 THINKING, THAT USED TO BE THE ONE THING HE WOULD ALWAYS SAY, 00:29:39.474 --> 00:29:41.152 ONE THING HE WOULD ALWAYS SAY, THAT'S... I LOOK BACK EVEN IN MY 00:29:41.176 --> 00:29:42.920 THAT'S... I LOOK BACK EVEN IN MY OWN LIFE AND I THINK I'VE BEEN 00:29:42.944 --> 00:29:45.289 OWN LIFE AND I THINK I'VE BEEN SHAPED BY THAT, I'VE BENEFITTED 00:29:45.313 --> 00:29:48.993 SHAPED BY THAT, I'VE BENEFITTED FROM THAT, SO KEEP CURIOSITY 00:29:49.017 --> 00:29:49.361 FROM THAT, SO KEEP CURIOSITY ALIVE. 00:29:49.385 --> 00:29:51.028 ALIVE. NO, THAT'S SUPER VALUABLE. 00:29:51.052 --> 00:29:52.663 NO, THAT'S SUPER VALUABLE. WELL, THANK YOU SO MUCH, SATYA. 00:29:52.687 --> 00:29:54.331 WELL, THANK YOU SO MUCH, SATYA. I THINK I SPEAK FOR MANY FOLKS 00:29:54.355 --> 00:29:56.667 I THINK I SPEAK FOR MANY FOLKS WHICH IS, YOU KNOW, AS 00:29:56.691 --> 00:29:57.502 WHICH IS, YOU KNOW, AS IMPRESSIVE AS IS YOUR ROLE IN 00:29:57.526 --> 00:29:59.003 IMPRESSIVE AS IS YOUR ROLE IN THE WORLD IS, I THINK THE WAY 00:29:59.027 --> 00:30:00.404 THE WORLD IS, I THINK THE WAY YOU DO YOUR ROLE IS THAT MUCH 00:30:00.428 --> 00:30:01.438 YOU DO YOUR ROLE IS THAT MUCH MORE IMPRESSIVE. 00:30:01.462 --> 00:30:03.641 MORE IMPRESSIVE. SO THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR 00:30:03.665 --> 00:30:03.842 SO THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING. 00:30:03.866 --> 00:30:05.876 JOINING. YOU'RE AN INSPIRATION FOR A LOT 00:30:05.900 --> 00:30:06.344 YOU'RE AN INSPIRATION FOR A LOT OF FOLKS. 00:30:06.368 --> 00:30:07.411 OF FOLKS. THANK YOU, SAL. 00:30:07.435 --> 00:30:08.712 THANK YOU, SAL. THANK YOU FOR THE OPPORTUNITY. 00:30:08.736 --> 00:30:10.080 THANK YOU FOR THE OPPORTUNITY. I LOOK FORWARD TO BEING IN 00:30:10.104 --> 00:30:10.248 I LOOK FORWARD TO BEING IN TOUCH. 00:30:10.272 --> 00:30:12.983 TOUCH. SO THANK YOU, EVERYONE, FOR 00:30:13.007 --> 00:30:13.218 SO THANK YOU, EVERYONE, FOR JOINING. 00:30:13.242 --> 00:30:14.351 JOINING. ANOTHER CONVERSATION... I WOULD 00:30:14.375 --> 00:30:15.819 ANOTHER CONVERSATION... I WOULD HAVE LOVED TO HAVE SPOKEN FOR 00:30:15.843 --> 00:30:16.188 HAVE LOVED TO HAVE SPOKEN FOR HOURS. 00:30:16.212 --> 00:30:17.488 HOURS. THERE ARE SO MANY DIMENSIONS TO 00:30:17.512 --> 00:30:18.889 THERE ARE SO MANY DIMENSIONS TO SOME OF THE THINGS THAT SATYA 00:30:18.913 --> 00:30:19.391 SOME OF THE THINGS THAT SATYA TOUCHED ON. 00:30:19.415 --> 00:30:21.959 TOUCHED ON. BUT THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR 00:30:21.983 --> 00:30:22.093 BUT THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING. 00:30:22.117 --> 00:30:24.228 JOINING. WE HAVE A VERY ACTION-PACKED 00:30:24.252 --> 00:30:25.796 WE HAVE A VERY ACTION-PACKED WEEK COMING UP. 00:30:25.820 --> 00:30:28.866 WEEK COMING UP. TOMORROW, WE'RE GOING TO HAVE 00:30:28.890 --> 00:30:33.070 TOMORROW, WE'RE GOING TO HAVE HASSAN MANAGE, THE CREATOR OF 00:30:33.094 --> 00:30:33.638 HASSAN MANAGE, THE CREATOR OF PATRIOT ACT. 00:30:33.662 --> 00:30:36.807 PATRIOT ACT. AND ON THURSDAY, NICOLE HANNAH 00:30:36.831 --> 00:30:39.310 AND ON THURSDAY, NICOLE HANNAH JONES, KNOWN FOR A REPORTER WHO 00:30:39.334 --> 00:30:41.011 JONES, KNOWN FOR A REPORTER WHO STARRED IN PROJECT 1619, THE 00:30:41.035 --> 00:30:43.080 STARRED IN PROJECT 1619, THE YEAR THAT SLAVERY CAME TO THE 00:30:43.104 --> 00:30:44.715 YEAR THAT SLAVERY CAME TO THE NEW WORLD, CAME TO THE AMERICAS, 00:30:44.739 --> 00:30:45.350 NEW WORLD, CAME TO THE AMERICAS, SO TO SPEAK. 00:30:45.374 --> 00:30:47.084 SO TO SPEAK. IT IS A PERSPECTIVE ON THE 00:30:47.108 --> 00:30:48.118 IT IS A PERSPECTIVE ON THE HISTORY OF SLAVERY. 00:30:48.142 --> 00:30:50.521 HISTORY OF SLAVERY. SO WE LOOK FORWARD TO BOTH OF 00:30:50.545 --> 00:30:52.489 SO WE LOOK FORWARD TO BOTH OF THESE GUESTS AND HAVING MORE 00:30:52.513 --> 00:30:53.191 THESE GUESTS AND HAVING MORE REALLY INTERESTING CONVERSATIONS 00:30:53.215 --> 00:30:55.426 REALLY INTERESTING CONVERSATIONS LIKE THE ONE WE JUST HAD. 00:30:55.450 --> 00:30:57.290 LIKE THE ONE WE JUST HAD. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR