1 00:00:05,301 --> 00:00:08,214 HI, EVERYONE. SAL KHAN HERE FROM KHAN ACADEMY. 2 00:00:08,238 --> 00:00:09,648 SAL KHAN HERE FROM KHAN ACADEMY. WELCOME TO OUR HOME ROOM LIVE 3 00:00:09,672 --> 00:00:09,783 WELCOME TO OUR HOME ROOM LIVE STREAM. 4 00:00:09,807 --> 00:00:12,318 STREAM. I'M VERY EXCITED ABOUT OUR GUEST 5 00:00:12,342 --> 00:00:12,452 I'M VERY EXCITED ABOUT OUR GUEST TODAY. 6 00:00:12,476 --> 00:00:13,986 TODAY. WE HAVE SATYA NADELLA, CEO OF 7 00:00:14,010 --> 00:00:14,121 WE HAVE SATYA NADELLA, CEO OF MICROSOFT. 8 00:00:14,145 --> 00:00:15,654 MICROSOFT. BUT BEFORE WE JUMP INTO THAT 9 00:00:15,678 --> 00:00:17,189 BUT BEFORE WE JUMP INTO THAT CONVERSATION, I WILL GIVE MY 10 00:00:17,213 --> 00:00:18,791 CONVERSATION, I WILL GIVE MY STANDARD ANNOUNCEMENT, A 11 00:00:18,815 --> 00:00:20,893 STANDARD ANNOUNCEMENT, A REMINDER THAT KHAN ACADEMY IS A 12 00:00:20,917 --> 00:00:22,228 REMINDER THAT KHAN ACADEMY IS A NOT FOR PROFIT ORGANIZATION, WE 13 00:00:22,252 --> 00:00:23,896 NOT FOR PROFIT ORGANIZATION, WE CAN ONLY EXIST THROUGH 14 00:00:23,920 --> 00:00:24,630 CAN ONLY EXIST THROUGH PHILANTHROPIC DONATIONS FROM 15 00:00:24,654 --> 00:00:25,599 PHILANTHROPIC DONATIONS FROM FOLKS LIKE YOURSELVES. 16 00:00:25,623 --> 00:00:27,400 FOLKS LIKE YOURSELVES. SO IF YOU'RE IN A POSITION TO DO 17 00:00:27,424 --> 00:00:31,103 SO IF YOU'RE IN A POSITION TO DO SO, PLEASE THINK ABOUT GOING TO 18 00:00:31,127 --> 00:00:31,202 SO, PLEASE THINK ABOUT GOING TO KHANACADEMY.ORG/DONATE. 19 00:00:31,226 --> 00:00:33,272 KHANACADEMY.ORG/DONATE. I WANT TO GIVE A SPECIAL THANKS 20 00:00:33,296 --> 00:00:34,907 I WANT TO GIVE A SPECIAL THANKS TO SEVERAL ORGANIZATIONS THAT 21 00:00:34,931 --> 00:00:36,542 TO SEVERAL ORGANIZATIONS THAT HAVE STEPPED OUT OF THE WOOD 22 00:00:36,566 --> 00:00:38,477 HAVE STEPPED OUT OF THE WOOD WORK WHEN THEY SAW THAT EVEN 23 00:00:38,501 --> 00:00:40,746 WORK WHEN THEY SAW THAT EVEN PROCOVID WE WERE RUNNING AT A 24 00:00:40,770 --> 00:00:42,181 PROCOVID WE WERE RUNNING AT A DEFICIT, AND THEN AS COVID HIT 25 00:00:42,205 --> 00:00:44,116 DEFICIT, AND THEN AS COVID HIT AS YOU CAN IMAGINE KHAN 26 00:00:44,140 --> 00:00:45,918 AS YOU CAN IMAGINE KHAN ACADEMY'S TRAFFIC HAS GONE UP 27 00:00:45,942 --> 00:00:46,553 ACADEMY'S TRAFFIC HAS GONE UP DRAMATICALLY. 28 00:00:46,577 --> 00:00:47,920 DRAMATICALLY. THEY HELPED US CLOSE THAT 29 00:00:47,944 --> 00:00:49,588 THEY HELPED US CLOSE THAT DEFICIT, WE ARE STILL RUNNING A 30 00:00:49,612 --> 00:00:51,090 DEFICIT, WE ARE STILL RUNNING A DEFICIT, BUT SPECIAL THANKS TO 31 00:00:51,114 --> 00:00:56,095 DEFICIT, BUT SPECIAL THANKS TO BANK OF AMERICA, GOOGLE.ORG, 32 00:00:56,119 --> 00:00:57,296 BANK OF AMERICA, GOOGLE.ORG, NOVARTIS, FASTLY AND AT&T AND 33 00:00:57,320 --> 00:00:59,265 NOVARTIS, FASTLY AND AT&T AND THE AMGEN FOUNDATION AND MANY 34 00:00:59,289 --> 00:01:00,533 THE AMGEN FOUNDATION AND MANY OTHER ORGANIZATIONS THAT HELPED 35 00:01:00,557 --> 00:01:02,134 OTHER ORGANIZATIONS THAT HELPED SUPPORT KHAN ACADEMY OVER THE 36 00:01:02,158 --> 00:01:02,302 SUPPORT KHAN ACADEMY OVER THE YEARS. 37 00:01:02,326 --> 00:01:03,536 YEARS. BUT IF YOU'RE IN A POSITION TO 38 00:01:03,560 --> 00:01:05,938 BUT IF YOU'RE IN A POSITION TO DO SO, PLEASE THINK ABOUT MAKING 39 00:01:05,962 --> 00:01:06,673 DO SO, PLEASE THINK ABOUT MAKING A DONATION. 40 00:01:06,697 --> 00:01:09,175 A DONATION. SO WITH THAT OUT OF THE WAY, I'M 41 00:01:09,199 --> 00:01:11,010 SO WITH THAT OUT OF THE WAY, I'M SUPER EXCITED TO INTRODUCE OUR 42 00:01:11,034 --> 00:01:13,913 SUPER EXCITED TO INTRODUCE OUR GUEST, SATYA NADELLA, A MAN WHO 43 00:01:13,937 --> 00:01:16,582 GUEST, SATYA NADELLA, A MAN WHO MIGHT NOT NEED ANY INTRODUCTION, 44 00:01:16,606 --> 00:01:17,616 MIGHT NOT NEED ANY INTRODUCTION, CEO OF MICROSOFT. 45 00:01:17,640 --> 00:01:18,918 CEO OF MICROSOFT. SATYA, THANKS FOR JOINING US. 46 00:01:18,942 --> 00:01:20,152 SATYA, THANKS FOR JOINING US. THANK YOU SO MUCH, SAL. 47 00:01:20,176 --> 00:01:23,122 THANK YOU SO MUCH, SAL. IT IS SUCH A PLEASURE TO BE WITH 48 00:01:23,146 --> 00:01:23,290 IT IS SUCH A PLEASURE TO BE WITH YOU. 49 00:01:23,314 --> 00:01:25,424 YOU. SO THERE IS A LOT TO TALK 50 00:01:25,448 --> 00:01:26,259 SO THERE IS A LOT TO TALK ABOUT OBVIOUSLY IN THE WORLD. 51 00:01:26,283 --> 00:01:28,594 ABOUT OBVIOUSLY IN THE WORLD. WE WERE BRIEFLY TALKING ABOUT IT 52 00:01:28,618 --> 00:01:29,962 WE WERE BRIEFLY TALKING ABOUT IT BEFORE THE LIVE STREAM GOT 53 00:01:29,986 --> 00:01:30,063 BEFORE THE LIVE STREAM GOT STARTED. 54 00:01:30,087 --> 00:01:31,831 STARTED. I WANT TO ENCOURAGE ANYONE WHO 55 00:01:31,855 --> 00:01:33,999 I WANT TO ENCOURAGE ANYONE WHO IS WATCHING OVER YOUTUBE OR 56 00:01:34,023 --> 00:01:35,000 IS WATCHING OVER YOUTUBE OR FACEBOOK, YOU CAN PUT YOUR 57 00:01:35,024 --> 00:01:36,235 FACEBOOK, YOU CAN PUT YOUR QUESTIONS IN THE MESSAGE BOARDS 58 00:01:36,259 --> 00:01:38,137 QUESTIONS IN THE MESSAGE BOARDS AND WE HAVE TEAM MEMBERS WHO ARE 59 00:01:38,161 --> 00:01:39,972 AND WE HAVE TEAM MEMBERS WHO ARE GOING TO SURFACE THE INTERESTING 60 00:01:39,996 --> 00:01:40,774 GOING TO SURFACE THE INTERESTING QUESTIONS, NOT TO PUT ANY 61 00:01:40,798 --> 00:01:42,575 QUESTIONS, NOT TO PUT ANY JUDGMENT ON THE THINGS WE DON'T 62 00:01:42,599 --> 00:01:42,742 JUDGMENT ON THE THINGS WE DON'T SURFACE. 63 00:01:42,766 --> 00:01:44,643 SURFACE. WE'LL SURFACE AS MUCH AS WE CAN. 64 00:01:44,667 --> 00:01:46,412 WE'LL SURFACE AS MUCH AS WE CAN. BUT SATYA, YOU KNOW, I REALLY 65 00:01:46,436 --> 00:01:47,947 BUT SATYA, YOU KNOW, I REALLY WANT TO START ON A PERSONAL 66 00:01:47,971 --> 00:01:50,749 WANT TO START ON A PERSONAL LEVEL AND THEN KIND OF SPIRAL 67 00:01:50,773 --> 00:01:51,718 LEVEL AND THEN KIND OF SPIRAL OUT FROM THERE. 68 00:01:51,742 --> 00:01:53,118 OUT FROM THERE. YOU KNOW, YOU'RE A CEO OF 69 00:01:53,142 --> 00:01:55,421 YOU KNOW, YOU'RE A CEO OF MICROSOFT, ONE OF THE MOST 70 00:01:55,445 --> 00:01:57,456 MICROSOFT, ONE OF THE MOST SUCCESSFUL STORIED LARGEST TECH 71 00:01:57,480 --> 00:01:59,391 SUCCESSFUL STORIED LARGEST TECH COMPANIES, FIRMS IN THE WORLD. 72 00:01:59,415 --> 00:02:00,327 COMPANIES, FIRMS IN THE WORLD. DID YOU IMAGINE THAT THIS IS 73 00:02:00,351 --> 00:02:01,594 DID YOU IMAGINE THAT THIS IS WHERE YOU WOULD END UP BEING? 74 00:02:01,618 --> 00:02:02,828 WHERE YOU WOULD END UP BEING? WHAT DID YOU THINK YOU WERE 75 00:02:02,852 --> 00:02:03,463 WHAT DID YOU THINK YOU WERE GOING TO DO? 76 00:02:03,487 --> 00:02:04,964 GOING TO DO? WE HAVE A LOT OF YOUNG PEOPLE 77 00:02:04,988 --> 00:02:05,765 WE HAVE A LOT OF YOUNG PEOPLE WATCHING, WHAT DID YOU THINK YOU 78 00:02:05,789 --> 00:02:08,133 WATCHING, WHAT DID YOU THINK YOU WERE GOING TO DO WHEN YOU WERE A 79 00:02:08,157 --> 00:02:09,835 WERE GOING TO DO WHEN YOU WERE A TEENAGER IN YOUR EARLY 20s? 80 00:02:09,859 --> 00:02:12,204 TEENAGER IN YOUR EARLY 20s? FOR SURE I DIDN'T IMAGINE 81 00:02:12,228 --> 00:02:14,306 FOR SURE I DIDN'T IMAGINE THAT THIS IS WHERE I WOULD END 82 00:02:14,330 --> 00:02:15,875 THAT THIS IS WHERE I WOULD END UP, SAL. 83 00:02:15,899 --> 00:02:19,111 UP, SAL. I GREW UP IN INDIA, GREW UP IN 84 00:02:19,135 --> 00:02:25,951 I GREW UP IN INDIA, GREW UP IN THE CITY OF DELHI, BUT MOSTLY IN 85 00:02:25,975 --> 00:02:26,086 THE CITY OF DELHI, BUT MOSTLY IN HYDROBAD. 86 00:02:26,110 --> 00:02:28,220 HYDROBAD. IN THE '70s WHEN I WAS GROWING 87 00:02:28,244 --> 00:02:29,755 IN THE '70s WHEN I WAS GROWING UP, IT IS NOT WHAT IT IS TODAY. 88 00:02:29,779 --> 00:02:31,490 UP, IT IS NOT WHAT IT IS TODAY. IT IS A PLACE WHERE IT IS A 89 00:02:31,514 --> 00:02:34,059 IT IS A PLACE WHERE IT IS A LITTLE REMOVED FROM WHERE THE 90 00:02:34,083 --> 00:02:36,529 LITTLE REMOVED FROM WHERE THE MAINSTREAM OF INDIA, IT IS 91 00:02:36,553 --> 00:02:37,897 MAINSTREAM OF INDIA, IT IS BEFORE SATELLITE TELEVISION, 92 00:02:37,921 --> 00:02:39,965 BEFORE SATELLITE TELEVISION, BEFORE EVEN A LOT OF THE 93 00:02:39,989 --> 00:02:41,600 BEFORE EVEN A LOT OF THE AMERICAN POP CULTURE SORT OF 94 00:02:41,624 --> 00:02:43,369 AMERICAN POP CULTURE SORT OF SHOWED UP WHERE I WAS GROWING 95 00:02:43,393 --> 00:02:43,503 SHOWED UP WHERE I WAS GROWING UP. 96 00:02:43,527 --> 00:02:47,473 UP. BUT I MUST SAY, WHEN I REFLECT 97 00:02:47,497 --> 00:02:50,075 BUT I MUST SAY, WHEN I REFLECT BACK, I SOMEHOW HAD THE SPACE 98 00:02:50,099 --> 00:02:52,177 BACK, I SOMEHOW HAD THE SPACE AND TIME TO EXPLORE AND I 99 00:02:52,201 --> 00:02:54,046 AND TIME TO EXPLORE AND I REMEMBER THE SUMMERS, I WAS 100 00:02:54,070 --> 00:02:55,781 REMEMBER THE SUMMERS, I WAS RECENTLY RECOUNTING THIS TO MY 101 00:02:55,805 --> 00:02:57,349 RECENTLY RECOUNTING THIS TO MY OWN DAUGHTERS, I READ A LOT OF 102 00:02:57,373 --> 00:02:59,318 OWN DAUGHTERS, I READ A LOT OF RUSSIAN AUTHORS, PLAYED A LOT OF 103 00:02:59,342 --> 00:03:02,021 RUSSIAN AUTHORS, PLAYED A LOT OF CRICKET, THOSE PERHAPS WERE MORE 104 00:03:02,045 --> 00:03:02,489 CRICKET, THOSE PERHAPS WERE MORE MY PASSION. 105 00:03:02,513 --> 00:03:04,690 MY PASSION. AND THEN LATER ON, IN FACT, I 106 00:03:04,714 --> 00:03:06,659 AND THEN LATER ON, IN FACT, I ALWAYS SAY SOMEHOW I'M A PRODUCT 107 00:03:06,683 --> 00:03:09,094 ALWAYS SAY SOMEHOW I'M A PRODUCT OF TWO GREAT AMERICAN THINGS. 108 00:03:09,118 --> 00:03:09,729 OF TWO GREAT AMERICAN THINGS. SOMEHOW AMERICAN TECHNOLOGY 109 00:03:09,753 --> 00:03:11,096 SOMEHOW AMERICAN TECHNOLOGY REACHED ME WHERE I WAS GROWING 110 00:03:11,120 --> 00:03:13,098 REACHED ME WHERE I WAS GROWING UP, FELL IN LOVE WITH THE 111 00:03:13,122 --> 00:03:15,901 UP, FELL IN LOVE WITH THE COMPUTING AND ITS EARLY FORM, 112 00:03:15,925 --> 00:03:18,337 COMPUTING AND ITS EARLY FORM, AND THEN LATER ON, WAS ABLE TO 113 00:03:18,361 --> 00:03:19,972 AND THEN LATER ON, WAS ABLE TO COME HERE FOR EDUCATION, AND 114 00:03:19,996 --> 00:03:23,075 COME HERE FOR EDUCATION, AND THEN GET A JOB AND ENLIGHTENED 115 00:03:23,099 --> 00:03:24,109 THEN GET A JOB AND ENLIGHTENED AMERICAN IMMIGRATION POLICY THAT 116 00:03:24,133 --> 00:03:27,379 AMERICAN IMMIGRATION POLICY THAT LED ME TO LIVE THE AMERICAN 117 00:03:27,403 --> 00:03:27,547 LED ME TO LIVE THE AMERICAN DREAM. 118 00:03:27,571 --> 00:03:29,248 DREAM. AND SO THAT'S SORT OF HOW IT ALL 119 00:03:29,272 --> 00:03:29,849 AND SO THAT'S SORT OF HOW IT ALL CAME ABOUT. 120 00:03:29,873 --> 00:03:32,151 CAME ABOUT. BUT FOR CLEARLY MY FIRST 121 00:03:32,175 --> 00:03:35,154 BUT FOR CLEARLY MY FIRST PASSIONS WERE MORE I WOULD SAY 122 00:03:35,178 --> 00:03:36,689 PASSIONS WERE MORE I WOULD SAY CRICKET AND CRICKET AND MAYBE A 123 00:03:36,713 --> 00:03:40,225 CRICKET AND CRICKET AND MAYBE A LITTLE BIT OF LITERATURE. 124 00:03:40,249 --> 00:03:41,927 LITTLE BIT OF LITERATURE. YOU THOUGHT YOU WERE GOING TO 125 00:03:41,951 --> 00:03:43,562 YOU THOUGHT YOU WERE GOING TO BE A CRICKETEER. 126 00:03:43,586 --> 00:03:47,499 BE A CRICKETEER. WE HAVE QUESTIONS COMING IN FROM 127 00:03:47,523 --> 00:03:47,734 WE HAVE QUESTIONS COMING IN FROM YOUTUBE. 128 00:03:47,758 --> 00:03:49,535 YOUTUBE. THEY'RE ASKING A SIMILAR 129 00:03:49,559 --> 00:03:51,503 THEY'RE ASKING A SIMILAR QUESTION, WHAT INSPIRED YOU TO 130 00:03:51,527 --> 00:03:53,639 QUESTION, WHAT INSPIRED YOU TO SEEK YOUR EDUCATION IN THE U.S.? 131 00:03:53,663 --> 00:03:55,541 SEEK YOUR EDUCATION IN THE U.S.? OR WHAT INSPIRED YOU TO KIND OF 132 00:03:55,565 --> 00:03:56,842 OR WHAT INSPIRED YOU TO KIND OF SEEK OPPORTUNITY IN THE U.S.? 133 00:03:56,866 --> 00:04:00,613 SEEK OPPORTUNITY IN THE U.S.? I MEAN, TO ME, BY THE TIME I 134 00:04:00,637 --> 00:04:02,982 I MEAN, TO ME, BY THE TIME I WAS IN THE UNDERGRAD SYSTEM IN 135 00:04:03,006 --> 00:04:05,184 WAS IN THE UNDERGRAD SYSTEM IN INDIA, AND I WAS DOING... I DID 136 00:04:05,208 --> 00:04:06,318 INDIA, AND I WAS DOING... I DID ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, IT WAS 137 00:04:06,342 --> 00:04:08,320 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, IT WAS CLEAR IN MY MIND THAT, IN FACT, 138 00:04:08,344 --> 00:04:12,191 CLEAR IN MY MIND THAT, IN FACT, I LOOK BACK AT IT I GOT A 139 00:04:12,215 --> 00:04:13,026 I LOOK BACK AT IT I GOT A RENAISSANCE EDUCATION FOR TECH. 140 00:04:13,050 --> 00:04:14,660 RENAISSANCE EDUCATION FOR TECH. WHAT I MEAN BY THAT, I STARTED 141 00:04:14,684 --> 00:04:16,261 WHAT I MEAN BY THAT, I STARTED AT THE VERY BOTTOM OF THE TECH 142 00:04:16,285 --> 00:04:18,998 AT THE VERY BOTTOM OF THE TECH STACK, RIGHT, WHICH IS THE 143 00:04:19,022 --> 00:04:20,699 STACK, RIGHT, WHICH IS THE TRANSISTOR, AND SLOWLY STARTED 144 00:04:20,723 --> 00:04:22,935 TRANSISTOR, AND SLOWLY STARTED BUILDING UP MY LEVEL OF 145 00:04:22,959 --> 00:04:23,069 BUILDING UP MY LEVEL OF ABSTRACTION. 146 00:04:23,093 --> 00:04:25,204 ABSTRACTION. I WAS CLEAR I WANTED TO COME TO 147 00:04:25,228 --> 00:04:28,841 I WAS CLEAR I WANTED TO COME TO THE U.S., DO COMPUTER SCIENCE, 148 00:04:28,865 --> 00:04:31,644 THE U.S., DO COMPUTER SCIENCE, AND, YOU KNOW, HOPE TO... I WAS 149 00:04:31,668 --> 00:04:33,178 AND, YOU KNOW, HOPE TO... I WAS NOT CLEAR I WOULD GET TO STAY 150 00:04:33,202 --> 00:04:35,481 NOT CLEAR I WOULD GET TO STAY HERE, BUT I CLEARLY WANTED TO 151 00:04:35,505 --> 00:04:37,516 HERE, BUT I CLEARLY WANTED TO WORK IN THE COMPUTING INDUSTRY. 152 00:04:37,540 --> 00:04:39,318 WORK IN THE COMPUTING INDUSTRY. SO THAT'S WHAT LED ME TO 153 00:04:39,342 --> 00:04:40,519 SO THAT'S WHAT LED ME TO EDUCATION... OR TO COME TO 154 00:04:40,543 --> 00:04:43,288 EDUCATION... OR TO COME TO GRADUATE SCHOOL AND THEN DO WHAT 155 00:04:43,312 --> 00:04:44,024 GRADUATE SCHOOL AND THEN DO WHAT I SUBSEQUENTLY DID. 156 00:04:44,048 --> 00:04:45,724 I SUBSEQUENTLY DID. AND WHAT IS YOUR SENSE, YOU 157 00:04:45,748 --> 00:04:47,192 AND WHAT IS YOUR SENSE, YOU KNOW, FAST-FORWARD A LITTLE BIT, 158 00:04:47,216 --> 00:04:49,428 KNOW, FAST-FORWARD A LITTLE BIT, YOU ENTER INTO INDUSTRY AND 159 00:04:49,452 --> 00:04:50,397 YOU ENTER INTO INDUSTRY AND OBVIOUSLY BY... I'VE KNOWN YOU 160 00:04:50,421 --> 00:04:52,398 OBVIOUSLY BY... I'VE KNOWN YOU FOR MANY YEARS, WE HAD 161 00:04:52,422 --> 00:04:53,565 FOR MANY YEARS, WE HAD CONVERSATIONS AT VARIOUS EVENTS, 162 00:04:53,589 --> 00:04:54,600 CONVERSATIONS AT VARIOUS EVENTS, I'M NOT SAYING THIS JUST TO BE 163 00:04:54,624 --> 00:04:57,136 I'M NOT SAYING THIS JUST TO BE NICE TO YOU, YOU'RE INCREDIBLY 164 00:04:57,160 --> 00:04:58,203 NICE TO YOU, YOU'RE INCREDIBLY HUMBLE, APPROACHABLE PERSON. 165 00:04:58,227 --> 00:05:00,539 HUMBLE, APPROACHABLE PERSON. I FIND THESE EVENTS, I'M 166 00:05:00,563 --> 00:05:01,874 I FIND THESE EVENTS, I'M INTIMIDATED BY A LOT OF FOLKS 167 00:05:01,898 --> 00:05:03,575 INTIMIDATED BY A LOT OF FOLKS BUT I GRAVITATE TO YOU BECAUSE I 168 00:05:03,599 --> 00:05:04,710 BUT I GRAVITATE TO YOU BECAUSE I FEEL COMFORTABLE TALKING TO YOU. 169 00:05:04,734 --> 00:05:06,211 FEEL COMFORTABLE TALKING TO YOU. WHAT DO YOU THINK IS ABOUT... 170 00:05:06,235 --> 00:05:09,048 WHAT DO YOU THINK IS ABOUT... WHAT TRAITS DID YOU HAVE OR WAYS 171 00:05:09,072 --> 00:05:10,983 WHAT TRAITS DID YOU HAVE OR WAYS OF VIEWING THE WORLD THAT YOU 172 00:05:11,007 --> 00:05:12,851 OF VIEWING THE WORLD THAT YOU THINK ALLOWED YOU TO BE 173 00:05:12,875 --> 00:05:16,422 THINK ALLOWED YOU TO BE SUCCESSFUL IN THE WAYS THAT YOU 174 00:05:16,446 --> 00:05:16,556 SUCCESSFUL IN THE WAYS THAT YOU HAVE? 175 00:05:16,580 --> 00:05:20,125 HAVE? THAT'S AN INTERESTING 176 00:05:20,149 --> 00:05:20,260 THAT'S AN INTERESTING QUESTION. 177 00:05:20,284 --> 00:05:22,461 QUESTION. YOU KNOW, IT IS ALWAYS HARD TO 178 00:05:22,485 --> 00:05:24,596 YOU KNOW, IT IS ALWAYS HARD TO BE SUPER OBJECTIVE ON YOURSELF 179 00:05:24,620 --> 00:05:27,766 BE SUPER OBJECTIVE ON YOURSELF AND WHAT IS SORT OF YOUR 180 00:05:27,790 --> 00:05:28,901 AND WHAT IS SORT OF YOUR QUOTE/UNQUOTE SUPERPOWERS OR 181 00:05:28,925 --> 00:05:32,271 QUOTE/UNQUOTE SUPERPOWERS OR WHAT MAKES YOU SUCCESSFUL. 182 00:05:32,295 --> 00:05:33,872 WHAT MAKES YOU SUCCESSFUL. AND WHAT ARE ALSO PERHAPS YOUR 183 00:05:33,896 --> 00:05:35,574 AND WHAT ARE ALSO PERHAPS YOUR SHORTCOMINGS. 184 00:05:35,598 --> 00:05:38,277 SHORTCOMINGS. THE ONE THING THAT I DO FEEL I 185 00:05:38,301 --> 00:05:41,513 THE ONE THING THAT I DO FEEL I HAVE SOMEHOW INNATELY IS THAT 186 00:05:41,537 --> 00:05:43,348 HAVE SOMEHOW INNATELY IS THAT LEVEL OF CURIOSITY, RIGHT. 187 00:05:43,372 --> 00:05:46,118 LEVEL OF CURIOSITY, RIGHT. HERE'S THE THING. 188 00:05:46,142 --> 00:05:47,619 HERE'S THE THING. I DON'T REMEMBER EVER HAVING A 189 00:05:47,643 --> 00:05:49,488 I DON'T REMEMBER EVER HAVING A JOB AT MICROSOFT WHERE I FELT 190 00:05:49,512 --> 00:05:51,256 JOB AT MICROSOFT WHERE I FELT LIKE OH, I NEEDED TO WAIT FOR MY 191 00:05:51,280 --> 00:05:53,358 LIKE OH, I NEEDED TO WAIT FOR MY NEXT JOB TO DO MY BEST WORK. 192 00:05:53,382 --> 00:05:55,461 NEXT JOB TO DO MY BEST WORK. WHEN I FIRST JOINED IN '92, I 193 00:05:55,485 --> 00:05:57,129 WHEN I FIRST JOINED IN '92, I THOUGHT I HAD THE GREATEST JOB, 194 00:05:57,153 --> 00:05:58,564 THOUGHT I HAD THE GREATEST JOB, IT MIGHT BE THE LAST JOB I HAVE, 195 00:05:58,588 --> 00:06:02,634 IT MIGHT BE THE LAST JOB I HAVE, BUT I LOVED IT. 196 00:06:02,658 --> 00:06:04,269 BUT I LOVED IT. AND SO APPROACHING EVEN WHAT 197 00:06:04,293 --> 00:06:07,106 AND SO APPROACHING EVEN WHAT YOU'RE DOING WHAT IS THE 198 00:06:07,130 --> 00:06:10,642 YOU'RE DOING WHAT IS THE EVERYDAY MUNDANE WITH THE LEVEL 199 00:06:10,666 --> 00:06:13,245 EVERYDAY MUNDANE WITH THE LEVEL OF CURIOSITY, ENERGY, THAT 200 00:06:13,269 --> 00:06:15,047 OF CURIOSITY, ENERGY, THAT POSTURE OF LEARNING, I THINK 201 00:06:15,071 --> 00:06:16,315 POSTURE OF LEARNING, I THINK THAT'S SORT OF PERHAP A LOT 202 00:06:16,339 --> 00:06:18,150 THAT'S SORT OF PERHAP A LOT MORE INNATE IN ME, I'M NOT 203 00:06:18,174 --> 00:06:19,685 MORE INNATE IN ME, I'M NOT SAYING I'M PERFECT BY ANY 204 00:06:19,709 --> 00:06:19,986 SAYING I'M PERFECT BY ANY MEASURE. 205 00:06:20,010 --> 00:06:22,221 MEASURE. BUT I NEVER WAS WAITING, I 206 00:06:22,245 --> 00:06:23,856 BUT I NEVER WAS WAITING, I GOT... ONE OF MY PEOPLE ASKED ME 207 00:06:23,880 --> 00:06:25,390 GOT... ONE OF MY PEOPLE ASKED ME WHAT ADVICE DO I HAVE? 208 00:06:25,414 --> 00:06:27,392 WHAT ADVICE DO I HAVE? I SAID ONE THING IS JUST DON'T 209 00:06:27,416 --> 00:06:28,494 I SAID ONE THING IS JUST DON'T WAIT FOR YOUR NEXT JOB TO DO 210 00:06:28,518 --> 00:06:29,229 WAIT FOR YOUR NEXT JOB TO DO YOUR BEST WORK. 211 00:06:29,253 --> 00:06:30,896 YOUR BEST WORK. AND THAT PERHAPS IN THE... AT 212 00:06:30,920 --> 00:06:33,766 AND THAT PERHAPS IN THE... AT LEAST TO ME, FOR ME HAS BEEN A 213 00:06:33,790 --> 00:06:36,135 LEAST TO ME, FOR ME HAS BEEN A VERY HELPFUL ATTRIBUTE. 214 00:06:36,159 --> 00:06:38,737 VERY HELPFUL ATTRIBUTE. I WANT TO DOUBLE CLICK ON 215 00:06:38,761 --> 00:06:38,905 I WANT TO DOUBLE CLICK ON THAT. 216 00:06:38,929 --> 00:06:40,305 THAT. THERE IS A STEREOTYPE YOU HAVE 217 00:06:40,329 --> 00:06:43,075 THERE IS A STEREOTYPE YOU HAVE IF YOU WATCH MOVIES OR READ 218 00:06:43,099 --> 00:06:46,945 IF YOU WATCH MOVIES OR READ BUSINESS LITERATURE, IN ORDER TO 219 00:06:46,969 --> 00:06:48,914 BUSINESS LITERATURE, IN ORDER TO SUCCEED IN THE CORPORATE 220 00:06:48,938 --> 00:06:49,749 SUCCEED IN THE CORPORATE AMERICA, IN THE WORLD, THERE IS 221 00:06:49,773 --> 00:06:52,117 AMERICA, IN THE WORLD, THERE IS A STEREOTYPE YOU HAVE TO BE VERY 222 00:06:52,141 --> 00:06:53,118 A STEREOTYPE YOU HAVE TO BE VERY COMPETITIVE, ELBOWING OUT OTHER 223 00:06:53,142 --> 00:06:56,088 COMPETITIVE, ELBOWING OUT OTHER PEOPLE, HAVE TO BE MARKETING 224 00:06:56,112 --> 00:06:56,221 PEOPLE, HAVE TO BE MARKETING YOURSELF. 225 00:06:56,245 --> 00:06:57,090 YOURSELF. AND I'M SAYING THIS VERY 226 00:06:57,114 --> 00:06:59,491 AND I'M SAYING THIS VERY GENUINELY, YOU DON'T SEEM TO BE 227 00:06:59,515 --> 00:06:59,893 GENUINELY, YOU DON'T SEEM TO BE THAT TYPE OF PERSON. 228 00:06:59,917 --> 00:07:01,627 THAT TYPE OF PERSON. I THINK I'M A PRETTY GOOD READ 229 00:07:01,651 --> 00:07:02,395 I THINK I'M A PRETTY GOOD READ OF FOLKS. 230 00:07:02,419 --> 00:07:04,530 OF FOLKS. WHAT DO... IS THAT TRUE IN 231 00:07:04,554 --> 00:07:05,664 WHAT DO... IS THAT TRUE IN CERTAIN CASES THAT THOSE TYPES 232 00:07:05,688 --> 00:07:08,033 CERTAIN CASES THAT THOSE TYPES OF TRAITS DO HELP PEOPLE OR, YOU 233 00:07:08,057 --> 00:07:10,602 OF TRAITS DO HELP PEOPLE OR, YOU KNOW, DESPITE THAT, HOW DID YOU 234 00:07:10,626 --> 00:07:13,272 KNOW, DESPITE THAT, HOW DID YOU STICK OUT? 235 00:07:13,296 --> 00:07:14,439 STICK OUT? HOW DID YOU PEOPLE NOTICE YOU 236 00:07:14,463 --> 00:07:15,607 HOW DID YOU PEOPLE NOTICE YOU COULD HAVE THAT CONTRIBUTION? 237 00:07:15,631 --> 00:07:17,009 COULD HAVE THAT CONTRIBUTION? IT IS INTERESTING, I'M NOT 238 00:07:17,033 --> 00:07:19,812 IT IS INTERESTING, I'M NOT EVEN... I DON'T THINK BEING 239 00:07:19,836 --> 00:07:21,547 EVEN... I DON'T THINK BEING DOGMATIC ABOUT ANY ONE TRAIT AS 240 00:07:21,571 --> 00:07:22,948 DOGMATIC ABOUT ANY ONE TRAIT AS THE ONLY TRAIT TO SUCCESS IS 241 00:07:22,972 --> 00:07:25,484 THE ONLY TRAIT TO SUCCESS IS PROBABLY THE WORST DOGMA YOU CAN 242 00:07:25,508 --> 00:07:25,652 PROBABLY THE WORST DOGMA YOU CAN HAVE. 243 00:07:25,676 --> 00:07:27,252 HAVE. BUT I WOULD SAY, LIKE, I 244 00:07:27,276 --> 00:07:29,721 BUT I WOULD SAY, LIKE, I REMEMBER EVEN THE INTERVIEW 245 00:07:29,745 --> 00:07:32,124 REMEMBER EVEN THE INTERVIEW PROCESS FOR THE CEO, ONE OF THE 246 00:07:32,148 --> 00:07:34,092 PROCESS FOR THE CEO, ONE OF THE DIRECTORS I HAD A CONVERSATION 247 00:07:34,116 --> 00:07:35,561 DIRECTORS I HAD A CONVERSATION WITH THEM, AND HE ASKED ME 248 00:07:35,585 --> 00:07:36,929 WITH THEM, AND HE ASKED ME WHETHER, YOU KNOW, I REALLY WANT 249 00:07:36,953 --> 00:07:37,697 WHETHER, YOU KNOW, I REALLY WANT TO BE CEO. 250 00:07:37,721 --> 00:07:39,565 TO BE CEO. I SAID ONLY IF YOU WANT ME TO BE 251 00:07:39,589 --> 00:07:39,766 I SAID ONLY IF YOU WANT ME TO BE CEO. 252 00:07:39,790 --> 00:07:41,633 CEO. HE SAID, NO, THAT'S NOT HOW YOU 253 00:07:41,657 --> 00:07:41,901 HE SAID, NO, THAT'S NOT HOW YOU ANSWER. 254 00:07:41,925 --> 00:07:43,635 ANSWER. IF YOU WANT TO BE CEO, YOU GOT 255 00:07:43,659 --> 00:07:46,038 IF YOU WANT TO BE CEO, YOU GOT TO SAY I WANT THIS JOB. 256 00:07:46,062 --> 00:07:48,006 TO SAY I WANT THIS JOB. AND I REMEMBER GOING TO STEVE 257 00:07:48,030 --> 00:07:50,542 AND I REMEMBER GOING TO STEVE BALMER LATER AND TELLING HIM, 258 00:07:50,566 --> 00:07:51,511 BALMER LATER AND TELLING HIM, THIS IS WHAT HAPPENED. 259 00:07:51,535 --> 00:07:53,345 THIS IS WHAT HAPPENED. HE SAID IT IS TOO LATE TO 260 00:07:53,369 --> 00:07:53,513 HE SAID IT IS TOO LATE TO CHANGE. 261 00:07:53,537 --> 00:07:54,847 CHANGE. I'M GLAD YOU ANSWERED THE WAY 262 00:07:54,871 --> 00:07:56,248 I'M GLAD YOU ANSWERED THE WAY YOU SHOULD ANSWER. 263 00:07:56,272 --> 00:07:57,316 YOU SHOULD ANSWER. BECAUSE THAT'S WHO YOU ARE. 264 00:07:57,340 --> 00:07:59,017 BECAUSE THAT'S WHO YOU ARE. IT WORKED FOR ME. 265 00:07:59,041 --> 00:08:00,419 IT WORKED FOR ME. I DON'T THINK I'LL CLAIM AGAIN 266 00:08:00,443 --> 00:08:04,590 I DON'T THINK I'LL CLAIM AGAIN THAT THIS IS THE ONLY THING THAT 267 00:08:04,614 --> 00:08:04,724 THAT THIS IS THE ONLY THING THAT MATTERS. 268 00:08:04,748 --> 00:08:06,024 MATTERS. BUT IT COMES FROM, TO YOUR 269 00:08:06,048 --> 00:08:07,960 BUT IT COMES FROM, TO YOUR PREVIOUS QUESTION, IT COMES FROM 270 00:08:07,984 --> 00:08:09,761 PREVIOUS QUESTION, IT COMES FROM A LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE I HAVE IN 271 00:08:09,785 --> 00:08:09,896 A LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE I HAVE IN MYSELF. 272 00:08:09,920 --> 00:08:12,497 MYSELF. IT IS NOT THAT I DON'T HAVE 273 00:08:12,521 --> 00:08:12,665 IT IS NOT THAT I DON'T HAVE CONFIDENCE. 274 00:08:12,689 --> 00:08:15,567 CONFIDENCE. BUT IT IS NOT THAT I'M WAITING 275 00:08:15,591 --> 00:08:19,404 BUT IT IS NOT THAT I'M WAITING FOR SOMEONE AND SOMETHING ELSE 276 00:08:19,428 --> 00:08:20,772 FOR SOMEONE AND SOMETHING ELSE TO RECOGNIZE IT OR BE REWARDED 277 00:08:20,796 --> 00:08:25,410 TO RECOGNIZE IT OR BE REWARDED FOR IT, THAT'S NOT WHAT IS 278 00:08:25,434 --> 00:08:26,445 FOR IT, THAT'S NOT WHAT IS INTRINSICALLY MOTIVATING TO ME. 279 00:08:26,469 --> 00:08:28,747 INTRINSICALLY MOTIVATING TO ME. HOW DID YOU DEFINE YOUR 280 00:08:28,771 --> 00:08:28,948 HOW DID YOU DEFINE YOUR SUCCESS? 281 00:08:28,972 --> 00:08:32,150 SUCCESS? DID YOU DEFINE IT AS, HEY, I 282 00:08:32,174 --> 00:08:34,319 DID YOU DEFINE IT AS, HEY, I WANT TO BECOME A CEO OF 283 00:08:34,343 --> 00:08:36,889 WANT TO BECOME A CEO OF MICROSOFT AND ACHIEVE CERTAIN 284 00:08:36,913 --> 00:08:38,590 MICROSOFT AND ACHIEVE CERTAIN BUSINESS TARGETS OR IS IT 285 00:08:38,614 --> 00:08:39,958 BUSINESS TARGETS OR IS IT SOMETHING YOU HAVEN'T THOUGHT A 286 00:08:39,982 --> 00:08:41,460 SOMETHING YOU HAVEN'T THOUGHT A LOT ABOUT OR HAVE YOU DEFINED IT 287 00:08:41,484 --> 00:08:42,461 LOT ABOUT OR HAVE YOU DEFINED IT IN OTHER WAYS? 288 00:08:42,485 --> 00:08:44,863 IN OTHER WAYS? I MUST SAY, EVEN THAT IDEA OF 289 00:08:44,887 --> 00:08:47,532 I MUST SAY, EVEN THAT IDEA OF WHAT SUCCESS LOOKS LIKE OR WHAT 290 00:08:47,556 --> 00:08:50,669 WHAT SUCCESS LOOKS LIKE OR WHAT AM I ASPIRING TO DO HAS CHANGED. 291 00:08:50,693 --> 00:08:52,604 AM I ASPIRING TO DO HAS CHANGED. OVER THE YEARS, THERE WAS A 292 00:08:52,628 --> 00:08:54,273 OVER THE YEARS, THERE WAS A PERIOD OF TIME AS I SAID OH, 293 00:08:54,297 --> 00:08:57,075 PERIOD OF TIME AS I SAID OH, GOD, I GOT TO MAKE IT TO MY 294 00:08:57,099 --> 00:08:58,944 GOD, I GOT TO MAKE IT TO MY SATE TEAM TO PLAY CRICKET. 295 00:08:58,968 --> 00:09:00,545 SATE TEAM TO PLAY CRICKET. I FAILED AT THAT MISERABLY. 296 00:09:00,569 --> 00:09:01,514 I FAILED AT THAT MISERABLY. I SET A DIFFERENT GOAL. 297 00:09:01,538 --> 00:09:03,916 I SET A DIFFERENT GOAL. I SAID I NEED TO BE AN ENGINEER 298 00:09:03,940 --> 00:09:05,017 I SAID I NEED TO BE AN ENGINEER AND GET A JOB. 299 00:09:05,041 --> 00:09:05,818 AND GET A JOB. GOT THERE. 300 00:09:05,842 --> 00:09:09,121 GOT THERE. SO OVER THE TIME, THEN, QUITE 301 00:09:09,145 --> 00:09:10,023 SO OVER THE TIME, THEN, QUITE FRANKLY, ONE OF THE BIGGER 302 00:09:10,047 --> 00:09:12,424 FRANKLY, ONE OF THE BIGGER CHANGES IN MY LIFE HAPPENED IS 303 00:09:12,448 --> 00:09:15,794 CHANGES IN MY LIFE HAPPENED IS MY SON ZANE WAS BORN AND HE'S 304 00:09:15,818 --> 00:09:18,096 MY SON ZANE WAS BORN AND HE'S GOT CEREBRAL PALSY, A MAJOR 305 00:09:18,120 --> 00:09:20,032 GOT CEREBRAL PALSY, A MAJOR CHANGE IN OUR LIFE FOR MY WIFE 306 00:09:20,056 --> 00:09:22,267 CHANGE IN OUR LIFE FOR MY WIFE AND ME, HE HELPED ME REDEFINE 307 00:09:22,291 --> 00:09:24,036 AND ME, HE HELPED ME REDEFINE WHAT I WAS ASPIRING TO DO, WHAT 308 00:09:24,060 --> 00:09:26,071 WHAT I WAS ASPIRING TO DO, WHAT IS IT TO BE ABLE TO SEE LIFE 309 00:09:26,095 --> 00:09:28,073 IS IT TO BE ABLE TO SEE LIFE THROUGH HIS EYES, RECOGNIZE 310 00:09:28,097 --> 00:09:31,243 THROUGH HIS EYES, RECOGNIZE SOME... THE ROLE I HAVE AS A 311 00:09:31,267 --> 00:09:32,844 SOME... THE ROLE I HAVE AS A FATHER, ALSO BEING... WHAT CAN I 312 00:09:32,868 --> 00:09:35,013 FATHER, ALSO BEING... WHAT CAN I DO, GIVEN THE POSITIONS I WAS 313 00:09:35,037 --> 00:09:37,449 DO, GIVEN THE POSITIONS I WAS IN, FOR THE BROADER DISABILITY 314 00:09:37,473 --> 00:09:38,684 IN, FOR THE BROADER DISABILITY COMMUNITY, FINDING MORE MEANING 315 00:09:38,708 --> 00:09:41,086 COMMUNITY, FINDING MORE MEANING IN THAT WORK, USING MICROSOFT AS 316 00:09:41,110 --> 00:09:42,854 IN THAT WORK, USING MICROSOFT AS A PLATFORM TO FIND THE MEANING, 317 00:09:42,878 --> 00:09:44,823 A PLATFORM TO FIND THE MEANING, SO TO YOUR POINT, OVER THE YEARS 318 00:09:44,847 --> 00:09:46,825 SO TO YOUR POINT, OVER THE YEARS I WOULD SAY THERE HAS BEEN 319 00:09:46,849 --> 00:09:48,527 I WOULD SAY THERE HAS BEEN ANYTHING, IT IS ABILITY TO BUILD 320 00:09:48,551 --> 00:09:50,362 ANYTHING, IT IS ABILITY TO BUILD MORE EMPATHY FOR WHAT IS 321 00:09:50,386 --> 00:09:51,496 MORE EMPATHY FOR WHAT IS HAPPENING AROUND ME WITH THE 322 00:09:51,520 --> 00:09:53,098 HAPPENING AROUND ME WITH THE PEOPLE BOTH IN MY FAMILY AND AT 323 00:09:53,122 --> 00:09:55,667 PEOPLE BOTH IN MY FAMILY AND AT WORK AND IN THE COMMUNITIES. 324 00:09:55,691 --> 00:09:56,935 WORK AND IN THE COMMUNITIES. AND HELP THAT SORT OF CHANGE 325 00:09:56,959 --> 00:10:00,639 AND HELP THAT SORT OF CHANGE EVEN MY ASPIRATIONS, GOALS, 326 00:10:00,663 --> 00:10:00,807 EVEN MY ASPIRATIONS, GOALS, OBJECTIVES. 327 00:10:00,831 --> 00:10:02,441 OBJECTIVES. AND I THINK THAT'S WHAT HAPPENS 328 00:10:02,465 --> 00:10:04,576 AND I THINK THAT'S WHAT HAPPENS TO ALL OF US. 329 00:10:04,600 --> 00:10:07,746 TO ALL OF US. JUST THE LIFE EXPERIENCES THAT 330 00:10:07,770 --> 00:10:09,414 JUST THE LIFE EXPERIENCES THAT SHAPE YOU AND OUR ABILITY TO LET 331 00:10:09,438 --> 00:10:12,617 SHAPE YOU AND OUR ABILITY TO LET IT SHAPE US IN ALL THE GOOD WAYS 332 00:10:12,641 --> 00:10:14,152 IT SHAPE US IN ALL THE GOOD WAYS HAS PERHAPS BEEN VERY DEFINING 333 00:10:14,176 --> 00:10:14,654 HAS PERHAPS BEEN VERY DEFINING FOR ME. 334 00:10:14,678 --> 00:10:16,688 FOR ME. ONE OF THE THINGS I TALKED 335 00:10:16,712 --> 00:10:17,756 ONE OF THE THINGS I TALKED ABOUT IN PREVIOUS LIVE STREAMS 336 00:10:17,780 --> 00:10:18,824 ABOUT IN PREVIOUS LIVE STREAMS AND I'LL SAY IT BECAUSE YOUR 337 00:10:18,848 --> 00:10:20,592 AND I'LL SAY IT BECAUSE YOUR NAME KIND OF LEADS ME THERE IS 338 00:10:20,616 --> 00:10:23,261 NAME KIND OF LEADS ME THERE IS THAT IN INDIAN PHILOSOPHY THERE 339 00:10:23,285 --> 00:10:25,998 THAT IN INDIAN PHILOSOPHY THERE IS THIS NOTION OF WORK WHERE YOU 340 00:10:26,022 --> 00:10:27,466 IS THIS NOTION OF WORK WHERE YOU DO WORK... YOU DO GOOD WORK FOR 341 00:10:27,490 --> 00:10:30,469 DO WORK... YOU DO GOOD WORK FOR THE SAKE OF DOING IT, VERSUS 342 00:10:30,493 --> 00:10:32,904 THE SAKE OF DOING IT, VERSUS WORK BECAUSE YOU THINK YOU'RE 343 00:10:32,928 --> 00:10:33,539 WORK BECAUSE YOU THINK YOU'RE GOING TO GET A POSITIVE OUTCOME 344 00:10:33,563 --> 00:10:35,574 GOING TO GET A POSITIVE OUTCOME OR OUT OF FEAR OF A NEGATIVE 345 00:10:35,598 --> 00:10:35,742 OR OUT OF FEAR OF A NEGATIVE OUTCOME. 346 00:10:35,766 --> 00:10:40,212 OUTCOME. YOUR NAME SATYA COMES FROM THE 347 00:10:40,236 --> 00:10:42,314 YOUR NAME SATYA COMES FROM THE SAME ROOT IN SANSKRIT MEANING 348 00:10:42,338 --> 00:10:43,182 SAME ROOT IN SANSKRIT MEANING TRUTHFUL WORK. 349 00:10:43,206 --> 00:10:44,916 TRUTHFUL WORK. WHAT YOU DESCRIBED EPITOMIZES 350 00:10:44,940 --> 00:10:45,318 WHAT YOU DESCRIBED EPITOMIZES THAT. 351 00:10:45,342 --> 00:10:47,652 THAT. I'M CURIOUS, ONCE YOU GOT THE 352 00:10:47,676 --> 00:10:48,887 I'M CURIOUS, ONCE YOU GOT THE CEO JOB AT MICROSOFT, ON ONE 353 00:10:48,911 --> 00:10:50,856 CEO JOB AT MICROSOFT, ON ONE LEVEL I'M SURE THAT WAS 354 00:10:50,880 --> 00:10:51,024 LEVEL I'M SURE THAT WAS EXHILARATING. 355 00:10:51,048 --> 00:10:53,392 EXHILARATING. I'M SURE AT AND LEVEL THAT WAS 356 00:10:53,416 --> 00:10:55,494 I'M SURE AT AND LEVEL THAT WAS SCARY FROM AN OUTSIDER'S POINT 357 00:10:55,518 --> 00:10:56,962 SCARY FROM AN OUTSIDER'S POINT OF VIEW. 358 00:10:56,986 --> 00:11:00,966 OF VIEW. MICROSOFT HAD ITS HEYDAY IN THE 359 00:11:00,990 --> 00:11:02,534 MICROSOFT HAD ITS HEYDAY IN THE '90s AND MAYBE SEEMED WHEN YOU 360 00:11:02,558 --> 00:11:04,136 '90s AND MAYBE SEEMED WHEN YOU TOOK THE JOB THAT IT WAS PAST 361 00:11:04,160 --> 00:11:04,570 TOOK THE JOB THAT IT WAS PAST ITS HEYDAY. 362 00:11:04,594 --> 00:11:06,338 ITS HEYDAY. HOW DID YOU THINK ABOUT IT? 363 00:11:06,362 --> 00:11:07,906 HOW DID YOU THINK ABOUT IT? WHEN WE LOOK AT HINDSIGHT AFTER 364 00:11:07,930 --> 00:11:08,741 WHEN WE LOOK AT HINDSIGHT AFTER SEVERAL YEARS, MICROSOFT SEEMS 365 00:11:08,765 --> 00:11:10,409 SEVERAL YEARS, MICROSOFT SEEMS TO BE IN A BIT OF A RENAISSANCE. 366 00:11:10,433 --> 00:11:14,746 TO BE IN A BIT OF A RENAISSANCE. YEAH, I MEAN, I'M A 367 00:11:14,770 --> 00:11:15,881 YEAH, I MEAN, I'M A CONSUMMATE INSIDER, SAL. 368 00:11:15,905 --> 00:11:17,182 CONSUMMATE INSIDER, SAL. AND SO I'VE GROWN UP IN THIS 369 00:11:17,206 --> 00:11:18,383 AND SO I'VE GROWN UP IN THIS PLACE, I'VE BEEN HERE NOW CLOSE- 370 00:11:18,407 --> 00:11:18,818 AND SO I'VE GROWN UP IN THIS TO CE, I'VE BEEN HERE NOW CLOSE- 371 00:11:18,842 --> 00:11:21,520 AND SO I'VE GROWN UP IN THIS TO 30 I'VE BEEN HERE NOW CLOSE- 372 00:11:21,544 --> 00:11:21,654 AND SO I'VE GROWN UP IN THIS TO 30 YEARS.BEEN HERE NOW CLOSE- 373 00:11:21,678 --> 00:11:25,157 TO 30 YEARS.BEEN HERE NOW CLOSE- AND SO THE THING FOR ME, YOU'RE 374 00:11:25,181 --> 00:11:25,758 AND SO THE THING FOR ME, YOU'RE RIGHT, ABSOLUTELY, THE JOB WAS 375 00:11:25,782 --> 00:11:27,659 RIGHT, ABSOLUTELY, THE JOB WAS VERY DIFFERENT, BUT FRANKLY EVEN 376 00:11:27,683 --> 00:11:29,728 VERY DIFFERENT, BUT FRANKLY EVEN JUST ONE LEVEL REMOVED, WHICH I 377 00:11:29,752 --> 00:11:31,430 JUST ONE LEVEL REMOVED, WHICH I WAS WORKING FOR STEVE AND AT THE 378 00:11:31,454 --> 00:11:32,631 WAS WORKING FOR STEVE AND AT THE TIME I THOUGHT I UNDERSTOOD THE 379 00:11:32,655 --> 00:11:35,100 TIME I THOUGHT I UNDERSTOOD THE NATURE OF THE JOB, BUT QUITE 380 00:11:35,124 --> 00:11:38,270 NATURE OF THE JOB, BUT QUITE FRANKLY THE MULTI-STAKEHOLDER 381 00:11:38,294 --> 00:11:40,005 FRANKLY THE MULTI-STAKEHOLDER RESPONSIBILITY THAT ONE HAS TO 382 00:11:40,029 --> 00:11:41,807 RESPONSIBILITY THAT ONE HAS TO TAKE WHEN YOU BECOME CEO WAS 383 00:11:41,831 --> 00:11:42,408 TAKE WHEN YOU BECOME CEO WAS VERY DIFFERENT. 384 00:11:42,432 --> 00:11:45,143 VERY DIFFERENT. AND THE GOOD NEWS WAS I WAS AT 385 00:11:45,167 --> 00:11:46,778 AND THE GOOD NEWS WAS I WAS AT LEAST, YOU KNOW, HAD THAT 386 00:11:46,802 --> 00:11:49,915 LEAST, YOU KNOW, HAD THAT ABILITY TO QUICKLY LEARN ON THE 387 00:11:49,939 --> 00:11:52,317 ABILITY TO QUICKLY LEARN ON THE JOB, AND LEARN ALSO BE... HAD AN 388 00:11:52,341 --> 00:11:54,086 JOB, AND LEARN ALSO BE... HAD AN AMAZING TEAM OF MEN AND WOMEN 389 00:11:54,110 --> 00:11:55,687 AMAZING TEAM OF MEN AND WOMEN WHO SORT OF CAME TOGETHER, 390 00:11:55,711 --> 00:11:56,489 WHO SORT OF CAME TOGETHER, RALLIED AROUND ME. 391 00:11:56,513 --> 00:11:58,523 RALLIED AROUND ME. I WAS CLEARLY NOT BILL GATES, 392 00:11:58,547 --> 00:12:01,126 I WAS CLEARLY NOT BILL GATES, NOT STEVE BALMER, AND I WAS ABLE 393 00:12:01,150 --> 00:12:03,628 NOT STEVE BALMER, AND I WAS ABLE TO SORT OF, YOU KNOW, HELP TAKE 394 00:12:03,652 --> 00:12:05,697 TO SORT OF, YOU KNOW, HELP TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE AMAZING PEOPLE 395 00:12:05,721 --> 00:12:07,566 ADVANTAGE OF THE AMAZING PEOPLE AROUND ME. 396 00:12:07,590 --> 00:12:08,167 AROUND ME. AND SCALE. 397 00:12:08,191 --> 00:12:11,269 AND SCALE. BUT, YOU KNOW, TO YOUR CORE 398 00:12:11,293 --> 00:12:14,306 BUT, YOU KNOW, TO YOUR CORE PIECE I THINK THAT THE MICROSOFT 399 00:12:14,330 --> 00:12:18,910 PIECE I THINK THAT THE MICROSOFT THAT I KNEW WHEN I GREW UP IN, 400 00:12:18,934 --> 00:12:20,979 THAT I KNEW WHEN I GREW UP IN, BOTH HAD MANY THINGS WE GOT 401 00:12:21,003 --> 00:12:23,081 BOTH HAD MANY THINGS WE GOT RIGHT AND SOME THINGS WE GOT 402 00:12:23,105 --> 00:12:23,180 RIGHT AND SOME THINGS WE GOT WRONG. 403 00:12:23,204 --> 00:12:23,883 WRONG. I PATTERN MATCHED. 404 00:12:23,907 --> 00:12:25,550 I PATTERN MATCHED. I THOUGHT, LET'S GO BACK TO THE 405 00:12:25,574 --> 00:12:26,519 I THOUGHT, LET'S GO BACK TO THE CREATION OF THE COMPANY, WHEN 406 00:12:26,543 --> 00:12:27,752 CREATION OF THE COMPANY, WHEN BILL AND PAUL STARTED MICROSOFT, 407 00:12:27,776 --> 00:12:29,221 BILL AND PAUL STARTED MICROSOFT, THEY SAID WE WANT TO CREATE 408 00:12:29,245 --> 00:12:30,755 THEY SAID WE WANT TO CREATE TECHNOLOGY SO THAT OTHERS CAN 409 00:12:30,779 --> 00:12:32,057 TECHNOLOGY SO THAT OTHERS CAN CREATE MORE TECHNOLOGY, RIGHT? 410 00:12:32,081 --> 00:12:34,326 CREATE MORE TECHNOLOGY, RIGHT? WE BUILD THE BASIC INTERPRETER 411 00:12:34,350 --> 00:12:35,494 WE BUILD THE BASIC INTERPRETER FOR THE FIRST PRODUCT. 412 00:12:35,518 --> 00:12:37,596 FOR THE FIRST PRODUCT. AND I SAID IN 2014, I BECAME 413 00:12:37,620 --> 00:12:40,165 AND I SAID IN 2014, I BECAME CEO, IT IS MORE RELEVANT, TO 414 00:12:40,189 --> 00:12:42,501 CEO, IT IS MORE RELEVANT, TO CREATE TECHNOLOGY SO THAT OTHERS 415 00:12:42,525 --> 00:12:44,603 CREATE TECHNOLOGY SO THAT OTHERS CAN CREATE TECHNOLOGY, SOFTWARE 416 00:12:44,627 --> 00:12:46,538 CAN CREATE TECHNOLOGY, SOFTWARE SO TO SPEAK IS EMPOWERING THE 417 00:12:46,562 --> 00:12:46,639 SO TO SPEAK IS EMPOWERING THE WORLD. 418 00:12:46,663 --> 00:12:48,673 WORLD. I SAID LET'S GO BACK AND HAVE 419 00:12:48,697 --> 00:12:50,809 I SAID LET'S GO BACK AND HAVE THAT SENSE OF PURPOSE. 420 00:12:50,833 --> 00:12:55,914 THAT SENSE OF PURPOSE. LET'S DO THINGS OUT OF WHAT WE 421 00:12:55,938 --> 00:12:56,848 LET'S DO THINGS OUT OF WHAT WE NATURALLY CAN DO, UNIQUELY 422 00:12:56,872 --> 00:12:57,016 NATURALLY CAN DO, UNIQUELY CAN'T. 423 00:12:57,040 --> 00:12:59,518 CAN'T. AND THEN ALSO HAVE A CULTURE. 424 00:12:59,542 --> 00:13:02,120 AND THEN ALSO HAVE A CULTURE. I PICKED UP THE CULTURAL 425 00:13:02,144 --> 00:13:04,055 I PICKED UP THE CULTURAL ATTRIBUTE, WHICH I FELT WAS 426 00:13:04,079 --> 00:13:05,690 ATTRIBUTE, WHICH I FELT WAS IMPORTANT MICROSOFT, YOUR POINT 427 00:13:05,714 --> 00:13:08,727 IMPORTANT MICROSOFT, YOUR POINT ABOUT LATE '90s, WE WERE VERY 428 00:13:08,751 --> 00:13:08,961 ABOUT LATE '90s, WE WERE VERY SUCCESSFUL. 429 00:13:08,985 --> 00:13:10,495 SUCCESSFUL. AND FROM ANCIENT GREECE TO 430 00:13:10,519 --> 00:13:11,930 AND FROM ANCIENT GREECE TO MODERN SILICON VALLEY THERE IS 431 00:13:11,954 --> 00:13:13,832 MODERN SILICON VALLEY THERE IS ONLY ONE CHALLENGE, WHICH IS 432 00:13:13,856 --> 00:13:15,100 ONLY ONE CHALLENGE, WHICH IS HUBRIS THAT COMES WITH SUCCESS. 433 00:13:15,124 --> 00:13:18,370 HUBRIS THAT COMES WITH SUCCESS. I SAID, OKAY HOW DO WE GET OUT 434 00:13:18,394 --> 00:13:21,306 I SAID, OKAY HOW DO WE GET OUT OF THAT KNOW IT ALL MINDSET AND 435 00:13:21,330 --> 00:13:22,407 OF THAT KNOW IT ALL MINDSET AND BECOME LEARN IT ALL. 436 00:13:22,431 --> 00:13:25,210 BECOME LEARN IT ALL. I SAID LET'S HAVE OUR CULTURAL 437 00:13:25,234 --> 00:13:27,145 I SAID LET'S HAVE OUR CULTURAL MEME OF GROWTH MINDSET OF 438 00:13:27,169 --> 00:13:28,413 MEME OF GROWTH MINDSET OF CONFRONTING ONE'S FIXED MINDSET 439 00:13:28,437 --> 00:13:29,081 CONFRONTING ONE'S FIXED MINDSET EACH DAY. 440 00:13:29,105 --> 00:13:31,449 EACH DAY. AND THOSE TWO PILLARS, SAL, 441 00:13:31,473 --> 00:13:32,351 AND THOSE TWO PILLARS, SAL, PROBABLY MORE THAN ANYTHING 442 00:13:32,375 --> 00:13:33,552 PROBABLY MORE THAN ANYTHING ELSE, OF COURSE, YOU GOT TO PICK 443 00:13:33,576 --> 00:13:34,786 ELSE, OF COURSE, YOU GOT TO PICK YOUR STRATEGIES RIGHT, PRODUCTS 444 00:13:34,810 --> 00:13:36,288 YOUR STRATEGIES RIGHT, PRODUCTS RIGHT, A LOT OF THINGS YOU GOT 445 00:13:36,312 --> 00:13:41,426 RIGHT, A LOT OF THINGS YOU GOT TO GET RIGHT, BUT TO ME THE TWO 446 00:13:41,450 --> 00:13:44,496 TO GET RIGHT, BUT TO ME THE TWO NECESSARY CONDITIONS FOR ANY 447 00:13:44,520 --> 00:13:45,897 NECESSARY CONDITIONS FOR ANY FIRM'S LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE IS 448 00:13:45,921 --> 00:13:47,632 FIRM'S LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE IS WHY DO YOU EXIST, CAN YOU ANSWER 449 00:13:47,656 --> 00:13:49,534 WHY DO YOU EXIST, CAN YOU ANSWER THAT CLEARLY HAVE THAT SENSE OF 450 00:13:49,558 --> 00:13:51,169 THAT CLEARLY HAVE THAT SENSE OF PURPOSE, RESONATE ON A DAILY 451 00:13:51,193 --> 00:13:52,704 PURPOSE, RESONATE ON A DAILY BASIS WITH THE PEOPLE, AS WELL 452 00:13:52,728 --> 00:13:55,273 BASIS WITH THE PEOPLE, AS WELL AS THE CULTURE AND HOW YOU GO 453 00:13:55,297 --> 00:13:56,308 AS THE CULTURE AND HOW YOU GO ABOUT DOING THINGS. 454 00:13:56,332 --> 00:13:58,310 ABOUT DOING THINGS. SO THE WHY AND THE HOW ARE SORT 455 00:13:58,334 --> 00:13:59,911 SO THE WHY AND THE HOW ARE SORT OF THE MOST IMPORTANT TO BE ABLE 456 00:13:59,935 --> 00:14:02,747 OF THE MOST IMPORTANT TO BE ABLE TO DO THE RIGHT PICKING FOR THE 457 00:14:02,771 --> 00:14:02,882 TO DO THE RIGHT PICKING FOR THE WHAT. 458 00:14:02,906 --> 00:14:04,816 WHAT. AND AS YOU GO ON THAT 459 00:14:04,840 --> 00:14:06,818 AND AS YOU GO ON THAT JOURNEY, NOW IN HINDSIGHT, IT 460 00:14:06,842 --> 00:14:08,420 JOURNEY, NOW IN HINDSIGHT, IT SOUNDS VERY ELEGANT AND, LIKE, 461 00:14:08,444 --> 00:14:10,088 SOUNDS VERY ELEGANT AND, LIKE, YES, FOCUS ON EMPOWERING OTHERS 462 00:14:10,112 --> 00:14:11,890 YES, FOCUS ON EMPOWERING OTHERS AND BECOMING A LEARNING 463 00:14:11,914 --> 00:14:12,058 AND BECOMING A LEARNING ORGANIZATION. 464 00:14:12,082 --> 00:14:13,825 ORGANIZATION. BUT, YOU KNOW, GIVEN MICROSOFT'S 465 00:14:13,849 --> 00:14:16,328 BUT, YOU KNOW, GIVEN MICROSOFT'S REACH AT THE TIME, AND OBVIOUSLY 466 00:14:16,352 --> 00:14:17,529 REACH AT THE TIME, AND OBVIOUSLY INCREASING REACH SINCE THEN, THE 467 00:14:17,553 --> 00:14:19,764 INCREASING REACH SINCE THEN, THE COMPLEXITY OF WHAT IT DOES, WERE 468 00:14:19,788 --> 00:14:20,733 COMPLEXITY OF WHAT IT DOES, WERE THERE MOMENTS YOU KIND OF WOKE 469 00:14:20,757 --> 00:14:22,200 THERE MOMENTS YOU KIND OF WOKE UP IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT 470 00:14:22,224 --> 00:14:23,335 UP IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT AND SAID I'M NOT SURE IF I CAN 471 00:14:23,359 --> 00:14:25,403 AND SAID I'M NOT SURE IF I CAN DO THIS, I'M NOT SURE IF I'M 472 00:14:25,427 --> 00:14:27,372 DO THIS, I'M NOT SURE IF I'M MAKING THE RIGHT DECISIONS? 473 00:14:27,396 --> 00:14:29,040 MAKING THE RIGHT DECISIONS? EVERY DAY. 474 00:14:29,064 --> 00:14:30,942 EVERY DAY. EVERY DAY YOU HAVE MOMENTS OF 475 00:14:30,966 --> 00:14:35,647 EVERY DAY YOU HAVE MOMENTS OF DOUBT AND YOU ALSO HAVE THE 476 00:14:35,671 --> 00:14:37,182 DOUBT AND YOU ALSO HAVE THE MOMENTS OF CLARITY AND ENERGY 477 00:14:37,206 --> 00:14:38,750 MOMENTS OF CLARITY AND ENERGY AND I SORT OF THINK ABOUT 478 00:14:38,774 --> 00:14:42,354 AND I SORT OF THINK ABOUT LEADERSHIP AS ALL ABOUT THAT, 479 00:14:42,378 --> 00:14:42,922 LEADERSHIP AS ALL ABOUT THAT, RIGHT, LEADERS YOU INNATELY HAVE 480 00:14:42,946 --> 00:14:44,956 RIGHT, LEADERS YOU INNATELY HAVE TO GO AT IT AND CREATE CLARITY 481 00:14:44,980 --> 00:14:47,092 TO GO AT IT AND CREATE CLARITY WHEN THERE IS ALL KINDS OF 482 00:14:47,116 --> 00:14:49,728 WHEN THERE IS ALL KINDS OF COMPLEXITY AND UNCERTAINTY. 483 00:14:49,752 --> 00:14:51,129 COMPLEXITY AND UNCERTAINTY. YOU HAVE TO CREATE ENERGY AS A 484 00:14:51,153 --> 00:14:54,966 YOU HAVE TO CREATE ENERGY AS A LEADER TO BE ABLE TO RALLY 485 00:14:54,990 --> 00:14:55,534 LEADER TO BE ABLE TO RALLY PEOPLE AROUND A PARTICULAR SENSE 486 00:14:55,558 --> 00:14:58,136 PEOPLE AROUND A PARTICULAR SENSE OF PURPOSE AND A MISSION AND 487 00:14:58,160 --> 00:14:58,271 OF PURPOSE AND A MISSION AND DIRECTION. 488 00:14:58,295 --> 00:15:00,405 DIRECTION. AND THEN SOLVE WHAT IS AN 489 00:15:00,429 --> 00:15:00,806 AND THEN SOLVE WHAT IS AN UNSOLVABLE PROBLEM. 490 00:15:00,830 --> 00:15:02,774 UNSOLVABLE PROBLEM. YOU HAVE TO REMOVE SOME 491 00:15:02,798 --> 00:15:03,042 YOU HAVE TO REMOVE SOME CONSTRAINTS. 492 00:15:03,066 --> 00:15:04,342 CONSTRAINTS. SOMETIMES WE TIE OURSELVES IN 493 00:15:04,366 --> 00:15:06,077 SOMETIMES WE TIE OURSELVES IN KNOTS AND SAY WE CAN'T MOVE. 494 00:15:06,101 --> 00:15:08,413 KNOTS AND SAY WE CAN'T MOVE. YOU GOT TO BE ABLE TO LET GO OF 495 00:15:08,437 --> 00:15:09,648 YOU GOT TO BE ABLE TO LET GO OF SOME THINGS. 496 00:15:09,672 --> 00:15:13,285 SOME THINGS. AND THEN BOLDLY GO TO A NEW 497 00:15:13,309 --> 00:15:14,719 AND THEN BOLDLY GO TO A NEW PLACE AND THEN WORK OUT SOME OF 498 00:15:14,743 --> 00:15:16,054 PLACE AND THEN WORK OUT SOME OF THE CHALLENGES THAT COME WITH 499 00:15:16,078 --> 00:15:16,489 THE CHALLENGES THAT COME WITH IT, RIGHT? 500 00:15:16,513 --> 00:15:18,290 IT, RIGHT? IN OUR CASE, FOR EXAMPLE, ONE OF 501 00:15:18,314 --> 00:15:20,292 IN OUR CASE, FOR EXAMPLE, ONE OF THE BIGGER CHANGES WE MADE WAS 502 00:15:20,316 --> 00:15:21,760 THE BIGGER CHANGES WE MADE WAS OUR BUSINESS MODELSHIP, MORE 503 00:15:21,784 --> 00:15:22,827 OUR BUSINESS MODELSHIP, MORE THAN TECHNOLOGY FOR MOST 504 00:15:22,851 --> 00:15:25,897 THAN TECHNOLOGY FOR MOST COMPANIES, SAL, I FEEL THAT THE 505 00:15:25,921 --> 00:15:27,065 COMPANIES, SAL, I FEEL THAT THE FUNDAMENTAL ECONOMICS OF WHAT 506 00:15:27,089 --> 00:15:29,534 FUNDAMENTAL ECONOMICS OF WHAT MADE YOU SUCCESSFUL ARE NO 507 00:15:29,558 --> 00:15:31,136 MADE YOU SUCCESSFUL ARE NO LONGER AS VALID IS WHEN YOU 508 00:15:31,160 --> 00:15:33,438 LONGER AS VALID IS WHEN YOU FALTER AND SO THAT WAS ONE OF 509 00:15:33,462 --> 00:15:35,206 FALTER AND SO THAT WAS ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE HAD TO SORT 510 00:15:35,230 --> 00:15:37,175 THE THINGS THAT WE HAD TO SORT OF OVERCOME IN PRETTY HARSH 511 00:15:37,199 --> 00:15:37,343 OF OVERCOME IN PRETTY HARSH RACE. 512 00:15:37,367 --> 00:15:39,210 RACE. BUT IT IS SORT OF... WITHOUT IT, 513 00:15:39,234 --> 00:15:40,378 BUT IT IS SORT OF... WITHOUT IT, YOU WOULD BE WORSE OFF. 514 00:15:40,402 --> 00:15:42,547 YOU WOULD BE WORSE OFF. THAT I THINK IS WHERE THAT ALSO 515 00:15:42,571 --> 00:15:45,183 THAT I THINK IS WHERE THAT ALSO GOES BACK TO A LITTLE BIT OF THE 516 00:15:45,207 --> 00:15:46,217 GOES BACK TO A LITTLE BIT OF THE MULTI-STAKEHOLDER SIDE, WHICH IS 517 00:15:46,241 --> 00:15:47,186 MULTI-STAKEHOLDER SIDE, WHICH IS UNDERSTANDING WHAT INVESTORS 518 00:15:47,210 --> 00:15:49,087 UNDERSTANDING WHAT INVESTORS WANT WHAT EMPLOYEES WANT, WHAT 519 00:15:49,111 --> 00:15:51,222 WANT WHAT EMPLOYEES WANT, WHAT CUSTOMERS WANT AND TO BE ABLE TO 520 00:15:51,246 --> 00:15:54,092 CUSTOMERS WANT AND TO BE ABLE TO FIND THE RIGHT BALANCE. 521 00:15:54,116 --> 00:15:57,729 FIND THE RIGHT BALANCE. YOU MAKE IT SOUND SIMPLE, BUT 522 00:15:57,753 --> 00:15:58,730 YOU MAKE IT SOUND SIMPLE, BUT I CAN'T EVEN IMAGINE. 523 00:15:58,754 --> 00:16:02,000 I CAN'T EVEN IMAGINE. I OPERATED A MUCH, MUCH SMALLER 524 00:16:02,024 --> 00:16:05,170 I OPERATED A MUCH, MUCH SMALLER SCALE THAN YOU DO AND YOU SEEM 525 00:16:05,194 --> 00:16:06,771 SCALE THAN YOU DO AND YOU SEEM TO HAVE A MUCH CLEARER WAY OF 526 00:16:06,795 --> 00:16:09,040 TO HAVE A MUCH CLEARER WAY OF DEALING WITH THINGS. 527 00:16:09,064 --> 00:16:10,842 DEALING WITH THINGS. JUST FAST-FORWARDING TO TODAY OR 528 00:16:10,866 --> 00:16:12,744 JUST FAST-FORWARDING TO TODAY OR TO THE RECENT SITUATION WE'RE IN 529 00:16:12,768 --> 00:16:15,880 TO THE RECENT SITUATION WE'RE IN OBVIOUSLY WITH THE PANDEMIC 530 00:16:15,904 --> 00:16:18,283 OBVIOUSLY WITH THE PANDEMIC AROUND COVID, YOU KNOW MICROSOFT 531 00:16:18,307 --> 00:16:19,451 AROUND COVID, YOU KNOW MICROSOFT IS THE LEADER OF THE 532 00:16:19,475 --> 00:16:19,618 IS THE LEADER OF THE ORGANIZATION. 533 00:16:19,642 --> 00:16:20,752 ORGANIZATION. YOU HAVE TO THINK HOW DO YOU 534 00:16:20,776 --> 00:16:21,786 YOU HAVE TO THINK HOW DO YOU LEAD THE ORGANIZATION ITSELF, 535 00:16:21,810 --> 00:16:22,688 LEAD THE ORGANIZATION ITSELF, SUPPORT THE PEOPLE AS YOU GO - 536 00:16:22,712 --> 00:16:23,722 LEAD THE ORGANIZATION ITSELF, THROUGH THE PEOPLE AS YOU GO - 537 00:16:23,746 --> 00:16:23,787 LEAD THE ORGANIZATION ITSELF, THROUGH THE TRANSITION, U GO - 538 00:16:23,811 --> 00:16:24,090 LEAD THE ORGANIZATION ITSELF, THROUGH THE TRANSITION, BUT - 539 00:16:24,114 --> 00:16:25,623 THROUGH THE TRANSITION, BUT - MICROSOFT ALSO HAS A VERY BIG 540 00:16:25,647 --> 00:16:26,559 MICROSOFT ALSO HAS A VERY BIG ROLE IN THIS BEING THE 541 00:16:26,583 --> 00:16:27,759 ROLE IN THIS BEING THE TECHNOLOGY PROVIDER AND 542 00:16:27,783 --> 00:16:29,227 TECHNOLOGY PROVIDER AND EMPOWERING DIGITAL WORK. 543 00:16:29,251 --> 00:16:30,862 EMPOWERING DIGITAL WORK. I'M CURIOUS HOW THE TRANSITION 544 00:16:30,886 --> 00:16:32,464 I'M CURIOUS HOW THE TRANSITION HAS BEEN FOR MICROSOFT AS AN 545 00:16:32,488 --> 00:16:33,199 HAS BEEN FOR MICROSOFT AS AN ORGANIZATION AND WHETHER THIS 546 00:16:33,223 --> 00:16:35,533 ORGANIZATION AND WHETHER THIS HAS KIND OF CHANGED YOUR 547 00:16:35,557 --> 00:16:36,968 HAS KIND OF CHANGED YOUR PERSPECTIVE ON THE NATURE OF 548 00:16:36,992 --> 00:16:39,037 PERSPECTIVE ON THE NATURE OF WORK, DIGITAL WORK, REMOTE WORK 549 00:16:39,061 --> 00:16:41,239 WORK, DIGITAL WORK, REMOTE WORK AND DOES IT LEAD TO ANY NEW 550 00:16:41,263 --> 00:16:43,274 AND DOES IT LEAD TO ANY NEW DIRECTS FOR THE ORGANIZATION 551 00:16:43,298 --> 00:16:43,408 DIRECTS FOR THE ORGANIZATION STRATEGY? 552 00:16:43,432 --> 00:16:44,343 STRATEGY? YEAH, FOR SURE. 553 00:16:44,367 --> 00:16:46,611 YEAH, FOR SURE. I MEAN, AS YOU AND I WERE 554 00:16:46,635 --> 00:16:50,548 I MEAN, AS YOU AND I WERE TALKING BEFORE GETTING ON THIS 555 00:16:50,572 --> 00:16:52,283 TALKING BEFORE GETTING ON THIS CALL, I THINK THIS IS 556 00:16:52,307 --> 00:16:52,451 CALL, I THINK THIS IS UNPRECEDENTED. 557 00:16:52,475 --> 00:16:54,152 UNPRECEDENTED. WE'RE RUNNING IN SOME SENSE ONE 558 00:16:54,176 --> 00:16:56,187 WE'RE RUNNING IN SOME SENSE ONE OF MOST LARGE SCALE EXPERIMENTS 559 00:16:56,211 --> 00:16:57,489 OF MOST LARGE SCALE EXPERIMENTS OF REMOTE EVERYTHING. 560 00:16:57,513 --> 00:16:58,457 OF REMOTE EVERYTHING. AND WE'LL COME OUT OF THIS WITH 561 00:16:58,481 --> 00:17:01,526 AND WE'LL COME OUT OF THIS WITH A LOT OF LEARNING, SOME THINGS 562 00:17:01,550 --> 00:17:03,428 A LOT OF LEARNING, SOME THINGS THAT SORT OF WE WILL LEAVE 563 00:17:03,452 --> 00:17:05,463 THAT SORT OF WE WILL LEAVE BEHIND, SOME THINGS WHICH WILL 564 00:17:05,487 --> 00:17:07,432 BEHIND, SOME THINGS WHICH WILL BE REAL STRUCTURAL CHANGE. 565 00:17:07,456 --> 00:17:09,100 BE REAL STRUCTURAL CHANGE. YOU KNOW, FROM A MICROSOFT 566 00:17:09,124 --> 00:17:11,269 YOU KNOW, FROM A MICROSOFT PERSPECTIVE IT STARTED FOR ME, 567 00:17:11,293 --> 00:17:13,338 PERSPECTIVE IT STARTED FOR ME, MY FIRST GROUNDING MYSELF AND 568 00:17:13,362 --> 00:17:14,973 MY FIRST GROUNDING MYSELF AND THE COMPANY ON THE SAFETY OF OUR 569 00:17:14,997 --> 00:17:15,875 THE COMPANY ON THE SAFETY OF OUR OWN EMPLOYEES. 570 00:17:15,899 --> 00:17:17,742 OWN EMPLOYEES. SO WE WERE VERY EARLY ON, WE 571 00:17:17,766 --> 00:17:19,744 SO WE WERE VERY EARLY ON, WE SAID, LOOK, WE'RE GOING TO 572 00:17:19,768 --> 00:17:20,845 SAID, LOOK, WE'RE GOING TO FOLLOW PUBLIC HEALTH GUIDANCE 573 00:17:20,869 --> 00:17:23,181 FOLLOW PUBLIC HEALTH GUIDANCE AND WHEN WE SENT PEOPLE HOME, 574 00:17:23,205 --> 00:17:24,682 AND WHEN WE SENT PEOPLE HOME, WHETHER IN SILICON VALLEY OR 575 00:17:24,706 --> 00:17:27,118 WHETHER IN SILICON VALLEY OR SEATTLE, WE WERE A LITTLE AHEAD 576 00:17:27,142 --> 00:17:30,188 SEATTLE, WE WERE A LITTLE AHEAD OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH GUIDANCE 577 00:17:30,212 --> 00:17:31,456 OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH GUIDANCE AROUND WORK FROM SHELTER IN 578 00:17:31,480 --> 00:17:32,657 AROUND WORK FROM SHELTER IN PLACE, AND SO WE SORT OF TOOK 579 00:17:32,681 --> 00:17:34,559 PLACE, AND SO WE SORT OF TOOK THAT BECAUSE WE WANTED OUR 580 00:17:34,583 --> 00:17:35,394 THAT BECAUSE WE WANTED OUR EMPLOYEES TO BE SAFE. 581 00:17:35,418 --> 00:17:39,164 EMPLOYEES TO BE SAFE. BUT THEN AT THE SAME TIME WE 582 00:17:39,188 --> 00:17:40,165 BUT THEN AT THE SAME TIME WE REALIZED WE NEEDED TO BE DIGITAL 583 00:17:40,189 --> 00:17:41,433 REALIZED WE NEEDED TO BE DIGITAL FIRST RESPONDERS TO ALL THE 584 00:17:41,457 --> 00:17:42,600 FIRST RESPONDERS TO ALL THE FIRST RESPONDERS OUT THERE, 585 00:17:42,624 --> 00:17:43,968 FIRST RESPONDERS OUT THERE, WHETHER IN HEALTHCARE IN THE 586 00:17:43,992 --> 00:17:46,371 WHETHER IN HEALTHCARE IN THE CRITICAL PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE 587 00:17:46,395 --> 00:17:48,773 CRITICAL PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE OR EDUCATION, AND SO IT IS 588 00:17:48,797 --> 00:17:50,708 OR EDUCATION, AND SO IT IS AMAZING TO SEE HOW ALL OF THOSE 589 00:17:50,732 --> 00:17:53,311 AMAZING TO SEE HOW ALL OF THOSE PEOPLE WERE ABLE TO ALSO GO 590 00:17:53,335 --> 00:17:55,113 PEOPLE WERE ABLE TO ALSO GO REMOTE, CONTINUE OPERATIONS. 591 00:17:55,137 --> 00:17:57,882 REMOTE, CONTINUE OPERATIONS. SO AT A HIGH LEVEL, SAL, I THINK 592 00:17:57,906 --> 00:17:59,484 SO AT A HIGH LEVEL, SAL, I THINK ABOUT THIS RESPONSE FACE, 593 00:17:59,508 --> 00:18:01,419 ABOUT THIS RESPONSE FACE, RECOVERY FACE AND THE REIMAGINE 594 00:18:01,443 --> 00:18:04,122 RECOVERY FACE AND THE REIMAGINE FACE AND THEY'RE ALL HAPPENING 595 00:18:04,146 --> 00:18:04,457 FACE AND THEY'RE ALL HAPPENING SIMULTANEOUSLY. 596 00:18:04,481 --> 00:18:06,357 SIMULTANEOUSLY. INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH, DIGITAL 597 00:18:06,381 --> 00:18:08,960 INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH, DIGITAL TECH IS THAT MOST MALLEABLE OF 598 00:18:08,984 --> 00:18:10,228 TECH IS THAT MOST MALLEABLE OF RESOURCE WE HAVE TO HELP 599 00:18:10,252 --> 00:18:13,198 RESOURCE WE HAVE TO HELP COMPANIES BE MORE RESILIENT. 600 00:18:13,222 --> 00:18:15,400 COMPANIES BE MORE RESILIENT. AS WELL AS THE TECHNOLOGY THAT 601 00:18:15,424 --> 00:18:16,935 AS WELL AS THE TECHNOLOGY THAT HELPS YOU ADAPT TO CHANGE. 602 00:18:16,959 --> 00:18:18,903 F YOU'RE A RETAILER, YOU KNOW, 603 00:18:18,927 --> 00:18:22,173 EVEN YOU'RE A SMALL BUSINESS, BUT YOU'RE A PHYSICAL RETAILER, 604 00:18:22,197 --> 00:18:24,742 BUT YOU'RE A PHYSICAL RETAILER, YOU NOW NEED TO DO CURBSIDE 605 00:18:24,766 --> 00:18:24,910 YOU NOW NEED TO DO CURBSIDE PICKUP. 606 00:18:24,934 --> 00:18:26,544 PICKUP. YOU NEED A LITTLE APP FOR THAT. 607 00:18:26,568 --> 00:18:29,047 YOU NEED A LITTLE APP FOR THAT. OR YOU NEED TO BE ABLE TO DO 608 00:18:29,071 --> 00:18:30,148 OR YOU NEED TO BE ABLE TO DO CONTACTLESS SHOPPING, YOU NEED 609 00:18:30,172 --> 00:18:31,382 CONTACTLESS SHOPPING, YOU NEED SOME TECHNOLOGY FOR THAT. 610 00:18:31,406 --> 00:18:32,650 SOME TECHNOLOGY FOR THAT. OR FUR IF YOU'RE IN HEALTHCARE, 611 00:18:32,674 --> 00:18:34,285 OR FUR IF YOU'RE IN HEALTHCARE, WE HAVE BEEN TALKING ABOUT 612 00:18:34,309 --> 00:18:35,453 WE HAVE BEEN TALKING ABOUT TELEMEDICINE FOR DECADES. 613 00:18:35,477 --> 00:18:37,856 TELEMEDICINE FOR DECADES. GUESS WHAT, I DON'T THINK WE'RE 614 00:18:37,880 --> 00:18:40,525 GUESS WHAT, I DON'T THINK WE'RE EVER GOING BACK TO OUTPATIENT 615 00:18:40,549 --> 00:18:41,526 EVER GOING BACK TO OUTPATIENT CONSULTS, WHICH DON'T HAVE SOME 616 00:18:41,550 --> 00:18:45,997 CONSULTS, WHICH DON'T HAVE SOME FORM OF AN AI TRIAGE FIRST AND 617 00:18:46,021 --> 00:18:46,932 FORM OF AN AI TRIAGE FIRST AND THEN TELEMEDICINE SESSION AND 618 00:18:46,956 --> 00:18:48,433 THEN TELEMEDICINE SESSION AND THEN YOU SHOW UP AT A HOSPITAL, 619 00:18:48,457 --> 00:18:49,801 THEN YOU SHOW UP AT A HOSPITAL, WHICH I THINK WOULD BE FANTASTIC 620 00:18:49,825 --> 00:18:53,171 WHICH I THINK WOULD BE FANTASTIC FOR OUR HEALTHCARE COSTS. 621 00:18:53,195 --> 00:18:53,873 FOR OUR HEALTHCARE COSTS. EDUCATION, OF COURSE. 622 00:18:53,897 --> 00:18:56,307 EDUCATION, OF COURSE. SO MICROSOFT'S REALLY HELPING 623 00:18:56,331 --> 00:18:58,676 SO MICROSOFT'S REALLY HELPING ORGANIZATIONS OF ALL SIZES AND 624 00:18:58,700 --> 00:19:00,411 ORGANIZATIONS OF ALL SIZES AND ALL INDUSTRIES REALLY GET 625 00:19:00,435 --> 00:19:03,147 ALL INDUSTRIES REALLY GET THROUGH THIS CRISIS, WHILE FIRST 626 00:19:03,171 --> 00:19:05,016 THROUGH THIS CRISIS, WHILE FIRST SUSTAINING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY BUT 627 00:19:05,040 --> 00:19:06,718 SUSTAINING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY REIMAGINING HOW 628 00:19:06,742 --> 00:19:08,653 MORE IMPORTANTLY REIMAGINING HOW THEY CAN USE SOME OF THESE 629 00:19:08,677 --> 00:19:09,687 THEY CAN USE SOME OF THESE TECHNOLOGIES TO RECONFIGURE 630 00:19:09,711 --> 00:19:10,788 TECHNOLOGIES TO RECONFIGURE THEMSELVES FOR WHAT ARE GOING TO 631 00:19:10,812 --> 00:19:13,925 THEMSELVES FOR WHAT ARE GOING TO BE REAL SECULAR CHANGES. 632 00:19:13,949 --> 00:19:15,193 BE REAL SECULAR CHANGES. AND QUESTION HERE RELATED TO 633 00:19:15,217 --> 00:19:17,762 AND QUESTION HERE RELATED TO THAT FROM YOUTUBE, MO FRIDAY 634 00:19:17,786 --> 00:19:19,564 THAT FROM YOUTUBE, MO FRIDAY SAYS WHAT ARE YOU AND MICROSOFT 635 00:19:19,588 --> 00:19:21,366 SAYS WHAT ARE YOU AND MICROSOFT DOING TO OPTIMIZE THE DIGITAL 636 00:19:21,390 --> 00:19:25,737 DOING TO OPTIMIZE THE DIGITAL WORLD IN LIGHT OF COVID, AND SO, 637 00:19:25,761 --> 00:19:26,472 WORLD IN LIGHT OF COVID, AND SO, MAYBE ON THAT PART OF IT, JUST 638 00:19:26,496 --> 00:19:27,805 MAYBE ON THAT PART OF IT, JUST TOUCHING ON WHAT YOU ALREADY 639 00:19:27,829 --> 00:19:30,375 TOUCHING ON WHAT YOU ALREADY TALKED ABOUT, HOW HAS WORK AT 640 00:19:30,399 --> 00:19:30,809 TALKED ABOUT, HOW HAS WORK AT MICROSOFT CHANGED? 641 00:19:30,833 --> 00:19:33,478 MICROSOFT CHANGED? HAVE YOU NOTICED A DIFFERENCE IN 642 00:19:33,502 --> 00:19:34,446 HAVE YOU NOTICED A DIFFERENCE IN PRODUCTIVITY BECAUSE ESSENTIALLY 643 00:19:34,470 --> 00:19:37,715 PRODUCTIVITY BECAUSE ESSENTIALLY YOU HAVE A FULLY DISTRIBUTED AND 644 00:19:37,739 --> 00:19:41,419 YOU HAVE A FULLY DISTRIBUTED AND REMOTE WORKFORCE NOW AND IF NOT, 645 00:19:41,443 --> 00:19:42,221 REMOTE WORKFORCE NOW AND IF NOT, DOES THAT LEAD TO NEW DIRECTIONS 646 00:19:42,245 --> 00:19:43,288 DOES THAT LEAD TO NEW DIRECTIONS FOR EVEN HOW THE MICROSOFT 647 00:19:43,312 --> 00:19:44,489 FOR EVEN HOW THE MICROSOFT ITSELF HAS ORGANIZED OR WHERE 648 00:19:44,513 --> 00:19:45,523 ITSELF HAS ORGANIZED OR WHERE PEOPLE DO THEIR WORK? 649 00:19:45,547 --> 00:19:46,358 PEOPLE DO THEIR WORK? NO, ABSOLUTELY. 650 00:19:46,382 --> 00:19:48,092 NO, ABSOLUTELY. IN FACT, THIS IS ANOTHER PLACE 651 00:19:48,116 --> 00:19:50,628 IN FACT, THIS IS ANOTHER PLACE WHEE WE'RE DEEP IN THE DATA AND 652 00:19:50,652 --> 00:19:52,897 WHEE WE'RE DEEP IN THE DATA AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCE OF IT EVEN I 653 00:19:52,921 --> 00:19:55,166 THE SOCIAL SCIENCE OF IT EVEN I WOULD SAY TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS 654 00:19:55,190 --> 00:19:55,334 WOULD SAY TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS HAPPENING. 655 00:19:55,358 --> 00:19:57,468 HAPPENING. SAL, I WOULD SAY THAT THREE... 656 00:19:57,492 --> 00:20:00,104 SAL, I WOULD SAY THAT THREE... AT LEAST DIMENSIONS BROADLY TO 657 00:20:00,128 --> 00:20:01,806 AT LEAST DIMENSIONS BROADLY TO EVEN TALK ABOUT PRODUCTIVITY, 658 00:20:01,830 --> 00:20:03,875 EVEN TALK ABOUT PRODUCTIVITY, THE FIRST IS HOW ARE PEOPLE 659 00:20:03,899 --> 00:20:05,710 THE FIRST IS HOW ARE PEOPLE COLLABORATING TO GET WORK DONE, 660 00:20:05,734 --> 00:20:05,978 COLLABORATING TO GET WORK DONE, RIGHT? 661 00:20:06,002 --> 00:20:07,245 RIGHT? ULTIMATELY, YOU KNOW, 662 00:20:07,269 --> 00:20:08,346 ULTIMATELY, YOU KNOW, INDIVIDUALS WORK IN TEAMS, AND 663 00:20:08,370 --> 00:20:10,315 INDIVIDUALS WORK IN TEAMS, AND IT IS A QUESTION OF HOW IS WORK 664 00:20:10,339 --> 00:20:13,751 IT IS A QUESTION OF HOW IS WORK GETTING DONE, HOW ARE PEOPLE 665 00:20:13,775 --> 00:20:13,919 GETTING DONE, HOW ARE PEOPLE COLLABORATING. 666 00:20:13,943 --> 00:20:15,787 COLLABORATING. AND, YOU KNOW IT NOT JUST 667 00:20:15,811 --> 00:20:15,954 AND, YOU KNOW IT NOT JUST MEETINGS. 668 00:20:15,978 --> 00:20:16,922 MEETINGS. ONE THING IS TO SAY EVERYBODY IS 669 00:20:16,946 --> 00:20:19,691 ONE THING IS TO SAY EVERYBODY IS ON A TEAMS CALL OR WHAT HAVE YOU 670 00:20:19,715 --> 00:20:21,359 ON A TEAMS CALL OR WHAT HAVE YOU AND YOU HAVE THE ABILITY TO DO 671 00:20:21,383 --> 00:20:22,860 AND YOU HAVE THE ABILITY TO DO LOTS OF MEETINGS. 672 00:20:22,884 --> 00:20:25,096 LOTS OF MEETINGS. THAT'S IMPORTANT. 673 00:20:25,120 --> 00:20:26,564 THAT'S IMPORTANT. WORK HAPPENS BEFORE MEETINGS, 674 00:20:26,588 --> 00:20:27,899 WORK HAPPENS BEFORE MEETINGS, DURING MEETINGS, AFTER MEETINGS. 675 00:20:27,923 --> 00:20:29,968 DURING MEETINGS, AFTER MEETINGS. HOW DO YOU HAVE THE FULL WORK 676 00:20:29,992 --> 00:20:31,469 HOW DO YOU HAVE THE FULL WORK FLOW, THE FULL COLLABORATION, 677 00:20:31,493 --> 00:20:33,171 FLOW, THE FULL COLLABORATION, THAT'S ONE ASPECT WE'RE LEARNING 678 00:20:33,195 --> 00:20:35,506 THAT'S ONE ASPECT WE'RE LEARNING A LOT, YOU SEE MEASURED ON 679 00:20:35,530 --> 00:20:37,809 A LOT, YOU SEE MEASURED ON COLLABORATION, LIKE, IN FACT, WE 680 00:20:37,833 --> 00:20:39,444 COLLABORATION, LIKE, IN FACT, WE EVEN STUDIED GITHUB AND THE 681 00:20:39,468 --> 00:20:41,279 EVEN STUDIED GITHUB AND THE PRODUCTIVITY OF DEVELOPERS, 682 00:20:41,303 --> 00:20:44,115 PRODUCTIVITY OF DEVELOPERS, ABSOLUTELY, AS MEASURED BY POLL 683 00:20:44,139 --> 00:20:46,117 ABSOLUTELY, AS MEASURED BY POLL REQUESTS AND PUSHES, COMMENTS, 684 00:20:46,141 --> 00:20:47,785 REQUESTS AND PUSHES, COMMENTS, CODE REVIEWS, HUGE. 685 00:20:47,809 --> 00:20:50,154 CODE REVIEWS, HUGE. SO YOU CAN SAY ONE LEVEL YOU'RE 686 00:20:50,178 --> 00:20:53,958 SO YOU CAN SAY ONE LEVEL YOU'RE MAINTAINING LARGE AMOUNTS OF 687 00:20:53,982 --> 00:20:54,092 MAINTAINING LARGE AMOUNTS OF PRODUCTIVITY. 688 00:20:54,116 --> 00:20:55,027 PRODUCTIVITY. A LOT OF MEETING TIME. 689 00:20:55,051 --> 00:20:57,128 A LOT OF MEETING TIME. WE'RE ALSO SEEING THAT. 690 00:20:57,152 --> 00:20:59,497 WE'RE ALSO SEEING THAT. MULTIMODAL, PEOPLE CHAT, PEOPLE 691 00:20:59,521 --> 00:21:01,366 MULTIMODAL, PEOPLE CHAT, PEOPLE COLLABORATE ON DOCUMENTS, ALSO 692 00:21:01,390 --> 00:21:02,934 COLLABORATE ON DOCUMENTS, ALSO COLLABORATING DURING MEETINGS, 693 00:21:02,958 --> 00:21:05,503 COLLABORATING DURING MEETINGS, THAT CONNECTION, THE NUMBER OF 694 00:21:05,527 --> 00:21:06,838 THAT CONNECTION, THE NUMBER OF MEETINGS, SHORT MEETINGS HAVE 695 00:21:06,862 --> 00:21:09,440 MEETINGS, SHORT MEETINGS HAVE BEEN ON A RISE BECAUSE THAT'S 696 00:21:09,464 --> 00:21:12,143 BEEN ON A RISE BECAUSE THAT'S HOW... THE SUBSTITUTE FOR THE 697 00:21:12,167 --> 00:21:13,745 HOW... THE SUBSTITUTE FOR THE HALLWAY CONVERSATIONS AND, YOU 698 00:21:13,769 --> 00:21:14,779 HALLWAY CONVERSATIONS AND, YOU KNOW, MEETINGS, PHYSICALLY, 699 00:21:14,803 --> 00:21:17,115 KNOW, MEETINGS, PHYSICALLY, WHERE YOU WOULD HAVE THE SITE 700 00:21:17,139 --> 00:21:18,316 WHERE YOU WOULD HAVE THE SITE CONVERSATIONS NOW ALL MOVE TO 701 00:21:18,340 --> 00:21:19,617 CONVERSATIONS NOW ALL MOVE TO DIGITAL AND SO ON. 702 00:21:19,641 --> 00:21:22,420 DIGITAL AND SO ON. SO THAT'S A LITTLE BIT ON 703 00:21:22,444 --> 00:21:22,621 SO THAT'S A LITTLE BIT ON COLLABORATION. 704 00:21:22,645 --> 00:21:23,721 COLLABORATION. SECOND THING IS LEARNING. 705 00:21:23,745 --> 00:21:26,624 SECOND THING IS LEARNING. AFTER ALL, IF YOU SAY A FIRM IS 706 00:21:26,648 --> 00:21:28,893 AFTER ALL, IF YOU SAY A FIRM IS ABOUT PEOPLE IN THE 707 00:21:28,917 --> 00:21:30,094 ABOUT PEOPLE IN THE ORGANIZATION, CONTINUOUSLY 708 00:21:30,118 --> 00:21:30,995 ORGANIZATION, CONTINUOUSLY LEARNING, THAT'S CHANGING, 709 00:21:31,019 --> 00:21:31,196 LEARNING, THAT'S CHANGING, RIGHT? 710 00:21:31,220 --> 00:21:32,697 RIGHT? THINK ABOUT... I WAS TALKING TO 711 00:21:32,721 --> 00:21:35,833 THINK ABOUT... I WAS TALKING TO THE INTERN CLASS OF MICROSOFT 712 00:21:35,857 --> 00:21:37,835 THE INTERN CLASS OF MICROSOFT TODAY, 5,000 INTERNS, THEY'RE 713 00:21:37,859 --> 00:21:39,437 TODAY, 5,000 INTERNS, THEY'RE ALL REMOTE, FOR THE FIRST TIME, 714 00:21:39,461 --> 00:21:41,339 ALL REMOTE, FOR THE FIRST TIME, SO I'M CURIOUS TO SEE HOW ARE 715 00:21:41,363 --> 00:21:42,807 SO I'M CURIOUS TO SEE HOW ARE THEY GETTING MENTORED, HOW ARE 716 00:21:42,831 --> 00:21:44,242 THEY GETTING MENTORED, HOW ARE THEY LEARNING, HOW ARE THEY 717 00:21:44,266 --> 00:21:46,544 THEY LEARNING, HOW ARE THEY CONTRIBUTING TO THE LEARNING OF 718 00:21:46,568 --> 00:21:47,312 CONTRIBUTING TO THE LEARNING OF MICROSOFT? 719 00:21:47,336 --> 00:21:49,614 MICROSOFT? SO THAT SYSTEM I THINK IS GOING 720 00:21:49,638 --> 00:21:51,082 SO THAT SYSTEM I THINK IS GOING THROUGH MASSIVE CHANGE RIGHT NOW 721 00:21:51,106 --> 00:21:53,317 THROUGH MASSIVE CHANGE RIGHT NOW IN ORDER TO ON BOARD A NEW 722 00:21:53,341 --> 00:21:55,219 IN ORDER TO ON BOARD A NEW EMPLOYEE, TO GET NEW TEAMS TO 723 00:21:55,243 --> 00:21:56,654 EMPLOYEE, TO GET NEW TEAMS TO WORK TOGETHER, YOU NEED TO BE 724 00:21:56,678 --> 00:21:59,624 WORK TOGETHER, YOU NEED TO BE ABLE TO DO THAT UPSCALING, 725 00:21:59,648 --> 00:22:00,492 ABLE TO DO THAT UPSCALING, RESCALING, LEARNING IN THE FLOOR 726 00:22:00,516 --> 00:22:01,859 RESCALING, LEARNING IN THE FLOOR OF WORK, SO MASSIVE CHANGE. 727 00:22:01,883 --> 00:22:03,661 OF WORK, SO MASSIVE CHANGE. THE OTHER ONE, SAL, FIRST LINE 728 00:22:03,685 --> 00:22:04,329 THE OTHER ONE, SAL, FIRST LINE WORK AND KNOWLEDGE WORK. 729 00:22:04,353 --> 00:22:06,564 WORK AND KNOWLEDGE WORK. A LOT OF TIMES WE TALK ABOUT HOW 730 00:22:06,588 --> 00:22:10,301 A LOT OF TIMES WE TALK ABOUT HOW GOOD, YOU KNOW, REMOTE IS FOR 731 00:22:10,325 --> 00:22:10,569 GOOD, YOU KNOW, REMOTE IS FOR KNOWLEDGE WORK. 732 00:22:10,593 --> 00:22:12,070 KNOWLEDGE WORK. A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE GOING INTO 733 00:22:12,094 --> 00:22:14,372 A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE GOING INTO THE MANUFACTURING PLANTS, 734 00:22:14,396 --> 00:22:15,373 THE MANUFACTURING PLANTS, BUILDING RESPIRATORS AND THE 735 00:22:15,397 --> 00:22:20,545 BUILDING RESPIRATORS AND THE MASKS AND ALL OF THE A 736 00:22:20,569 --> 00:22:20,878 BUILDING RESPIRATORS AND THE MASKS AND ALL OF THE EQUIPMENT 737 00:22:20,902 --> 00:22:21,346 MASKS AND ALL OF THE EQUIPMENT WE NEED. 738 00:22:21,370 --> 00:22:22,747 WE NEED. THAT'S A PLACE WHERE THE 739 00:22:22,771 --> 00:22:23,948 THAT'S A PLACE WHERE THE EXPERTISE IS BEING BRIDGED TO 740 00:22:23,972 --> 00:22:26,050 EXPERTISE IS BEING BRIDGED TO THE FRONT LINE AS WELL. 741 00:22:26,074 --> 00:22:28,453 THE FRONT LINE AS WELL. USING THINGS LIKE VR OR AR AND 742 00:22:28,477 --> 00:22:29,687 USING THINGS LIKE VR OR AR AND TECHNIQUES LIKE THAT, VERY 743 00:22:29,711 --> 00:22:32,757 TECHNIQUES LIKE THAT, VERY HELPFUL IN TERMS OF JUST THE 744 00:22:32,781 --> 00:22:32,925 HELPFUL IN TERMS OF JUST THE RESCALING. 745 00:22:32,949 --> 00:22:34,292 RESCALING. THE LAST ONE TO YOUR POINT IS 746 00:22:34,316 --> 00:22:35,827 THE LAST ONE TO YOUR POINT IS THE MENTAL AND WELL-BEING. 747 00:22:35,851 --> 00:22:38,529 THE MENTAL AND WELL-BEING. EVEN INSIDE OF MICROSOFT, WE'RE 748 00:22:38,553 --> 00:22:39,664 EVEN INSIDE OF MICROSOFT, WE'RE REALIZING THE 9:00 TO 5:00, THAT 749 00:22:39,688 --> 00:22:40,932 REALIZING THE 9:00 TO 5:00, THAT WAS NEVER THE CASE PERHAPS, BUT 750 00:22:40,956 --> 00:22:42,633 WAS NEVER THE CASE PERHAPS, BUT IT IS MUCH MORE ACUTE. 751 00:22:42,657 --> 00:22:44,135 IT IS MUCH MORE ACUTE. PEOPLE HAVE... ARE TAKING 752 00:22:44,159 --> 00:22:45,104 PEOPLE HAVE... ARE TAKING ADVANTAGE, PEOPLE ARE TAKING 753 00:22:45,128 --> 00:22:46,270 ADVANTAGE, PEOPLE ARE TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE FLEXIBILITY, 754 00:22:46,294 --> 00:22:48,106 ADVANTAGE OF THE FLEXIBILITY, THEY WORK EARLY IN THE MORNING, 755 00:22:48,130 --> 00:22:50,141 THEY WORK EARLY IN THE MORNING, MAYBE LATER AT NIGHT. 756 00:22:50,165 --> 00:22:51,943 MAYBE LATER AT NIGHT. THEY HAVE OTHER RESPONSIBILITIES 757 00:22:51,967 --> 00:22:54,011 THEY HAVE OTHER RESPONSIBILITIES AND THE WORK GROUP AROUND THEM 758 00:22:54,035 --> 00:22:55,780 AND THE WORK GROUP AROUND THEM IS ALSO ACCOMMODATIVE OF IT. 759 00:22:55,804 --> 00:22:58,816 IS ALSO ACCOMMODATIVE OF IT. BUT WE'RE ALSO RECOGNIZING THAT 760 00:22:58,840 --> 00:23:00,251 BUT WE'RE ALSO RECOGNIZING THAT VIDEO MEETINGS DO CAUSE FATIGUE. 761 00:23:00,275 --> 00:23:02,720 VIDEO MEETINGS DO CAUSE FATIGUE. WE DID AN EEG STUDY WHICH SAID 762 00:23:02,744 --> 00:23:03,821 WE DID AN EEG STUDY WHICH SAID 30 MINUTES INTO YOUR FIRST 763 00:23:03,845 --> 00:23:05,189 30 MINUTES INTO YOUR FIRST MEETING BECAUSE OF THE HIGH 764 00:23:05,213 --> 00:23:08,126 MEETING BECAUSE OF THE HIGH LEVELS OF CONCENTRATION YOU HAVE 765 00:23:08,150 --> 00:23:08,327 LEVELS OF CONCENTRATION YOU HAVE FATIGUE. 766 00:23:08,351 --> 00:23:10,561 FATIGUE. THAT'S WHAT EVEN LED TO THE 767 00:23:10,585 --> 00:23:11,296 THAT'S WHAT EVEN LED TO THE INNOVATION AROUND THIS TOGETHER 768 00:23:11,320 --> 00:23:14,632 INNOVATION AROUND THIS TOGETHER MODE IN TEAMS, WHICH WE'RE ALL 769 00:23:14,656 --> 00:23:17,568 MODE IN TEAMS, WHICH WE'RE ALL IN THESE POSTAGE STAMP BOXES IF 770 00:23:17,592 --> 00:23:20,004 IN THESE POSTAGE STAMP BOXES IF WE COULD BE ON A STAGE TOGETHER, 771 00:23:20,028 --> 00:23:21,038 WE COULD BE ON A STAGE TOGETHER, LIKE A CONFERENCE ROOM OR WHAT 772 00:23:21,062 --> 00:23:22,874 LIKE A CONFERENCE ROOM OR WHAT HAVE YOU, IT CHANGES. 773 00:23:22,898 --> 00:23:24,742 HAVE YOU, IT CHANGES. THE MENTAL FRAME AND THE 774 00:23:24,766 --> 00:23:24,877 THE MENTAL FRAME AND THE FATIGUE. 775 00:23:24,901 --> 00:23:26,277 FATIGUE. SO THOSE ARE TH TYPES OF THINGS 776 00:23:26,301 --> 00:23:30,148 SO THOSE ARE TH TYPES OF THINGS WE'RE LOOKING AT AND SAY HOW DO 777 00:23:30,172 --> 00:23:31,983 WE'RE LOOKING AT AND SAY HOW DO WE FACILITATE BETTER HABITS AND 778 00:23:32,007 --> 00:23:34,418 WE FACILITATE BETTER HABITS AND NUDGES IN THE SYSTEM, EVEN FOR 779 00:23:34,442 --> 00:23:36,921 NUDGES IN THE SYSTEM, EVEN FOR BETTER HABITS, BETTER 780 00:23:36,945 --> 00:23:39,190 BETTER HABITS, BETTER TRANSITIONS AND LESS FATIGUE AND 781 00:23:39,214 --> 00:23:40,391 TRANSITIONS AND LESS FATIGUE AND BETTER WELL-BEING AS WELL AS 782 00:23:40,415 --> 00:23:43,060 BETTER WELL-BEING AS WELL AS LEARNING AS WELL AS 783 00:23:43,084 --> 00:23:43,195 LEARNING AS WELL AS COLLABORATION. 784 00:23:43,219 --> 00:23:45,263 COLLABORATION. AND THERE IS SO MUCH IN 785 00:23:45,287 --> 00:23:45,931 AND THERE IS SO MUCH IN THERE. 786 00:23:45,955 --> 00:23:48,733 THERE. AND I... SO YOU LOOKED AT THINGS 787 00:23:48,757 --> 00:23:50,067 AND I... SO YOU LOOKED AT THINGS LIKE THE PRODUCTIVITY OF 788 00:23:50,091 --> 00:23:52,503 LIKE THE PRODUCTIVITY OF ENGINEERS ON THINGS LIKE GITHUB, 789 00:23:52,527 --> 00:23:54,105 ENGINEERS ON THINGS LIKE GITHUB, SO ARE... IS IT ROUGHLY NEUTRAL 790 00:23:54,129 --> 00:23:56,407 SO ARE... IS IT ROUGHLY NEUTRAL IS WHAT YOU SAW OR I GUESS THERE 791 00:23:56,431 --> 00:23:56,775 IS WHAT YOU SAW OR I GUESS THERE COULD BE... 792 00:23:56,799 --> 00:23:58,709 COULD BE... YEAH, IT IS A GREAT QUESTION. 793 00:23:58,733 --> 00:24:00,778 YEAH, IT IS A GREAT QUESTION. I DON'T THINK WE REALLY HAVE ALL 794 00:24:00,802 --> 00:24:01,979 I DON'T THINK WE REALLY HAVE ALL THE DEFINITE METRICS. 795 00:24:02,003 --> 00:24:04,048 THE DEFINITE METRICS. FOR EXAMPLE, IF YOU MEASURE IT 796 00:24:04,072 --> 00:24:06,384 FOR EXAMPLE, IF YOU MEASURE IT BY TASK, I THINK YOU CAN EVEN 797 00:24:06,408 --> 00:24:08,219 BY TASK, I THINK YOU CAN EVEN SAY FOR CERTAIN RULES, IT IS NOT 798 00:24:08,243 --> 00:24:11,055 SAY FOR CERTAIN RULES, IT IS NOT A UNIVERSAL STATEMENT, WE MAY BE 799 00:24:11,079 --> 00:24:12,156 A UNIVERSAL STATEMENT, WE MAY BE MORE PRODUCTIVE THAN WE WERE, 800 00:24:12,180 --> 00:24:13,558 MORE PRODUCTIVE THAN WE WERE, BECAUSE THE SUBSTITUTION OF 801 00:24:13,582 --> 00:24:15,660 BECAUSE THE SUBSTITUTION OF COMMUTE TIMES, THERE IS SORT OF 802 00:24:15,684 --> 00:24:16,894 COMMUTE TIMES, THERE IS SORT OF MORE FLEXIBILITY AND THAT 803 00:24:16,918 --> 00:24:18,162 MORE FLEXIBILITY AND THAT FLEXIBILITY LEADS TO BETTER 804 00:24:18,186 --> 00:24:20,031 FLEXIBILITY LEADS TO BETTER PRODUCTIVITY AND WHAT HAVE YOU. 805 00:24:20,055 --> 00:24:20,999 PRODUCTIVITY AND WHAT HAVE YOU. ONE THING WE'RE ALSO TRYING TO 806 00:24:21,023 --> 00:24:23,734 ONE THING WE'RE ALSO TRYING TO DO IS WHAT ARE THE LONG-TERM 807 00:24:23,758 --> 00:24:25,570 DO IS WHAT ARE THE LONG-TERM EFFECTS, RIGHT? pCREATION OF NEWG 808 00:24:25,594 --> 00:24:27,672 EFFECTS, RIGHT? pCREATION OF NEWG IS I'LL BE BURNING THE BACKLOG 809 00:24:27,696 --> 00:24:29,473 IS I'LL BE BURNING THE BACKLOG OR ARE YOU CREATING NEW? 810 00:24:29,497 --> 00:24:31,242 OR ARE YOU CREATING NEW? IS IT DIFFERENT BY DIFFERENT 811 00:24:31,266 --> 00:24:31,410 IS IT DIFFERENT BY DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES? 812 00:24:31,434 --> 00:24:33,778 COMMUNITIES? THE OPEN SOURCE COMMUNITY BY 813 00:24:33,802 --> 00:24:34,613 THE OPEN SOURCE COMMUNITY BY DEFINITION WAS WELL PREPPED 814 00:24:34,637 --> 00:24:37,081 DEFINITION WAS WELL PREPPED BECAUSE OF ALL OF THE SOCIAL 815 00:24:37,105 --> 00:24:39,650 BECAUSE OF ALL OF THE SOCIAL CAPITAL THAT GETS BUILT IN OPEN 816 00:24:39,674 --> 00:24:41,986 CAPITAL THAT GETS BUILT IN OPEN SOURCE IS FUNDAMENTALLY REMOTE. 817 00:24:42,010 --> 00:24:45,056 SOURCE IS FUNDAMENTALLY REMOTE. WHERE AS CERTAIN GROUPS THAT 818 00:24:45,080 --> 00:24:46,757 WHERE AS CERTAIN GROUPS THAT WORKED CLOSELY TOGETHER, ARE 819 00:24:46,781 --> 00:24:47,825 WORKED CLOSELY TOGETHER, ARE BURNING DOWN THEIR SOCIAL 820 00:24:47,849 --> 00:24:49,861 BURNING DOWN THEIR SOCIAL CAPITAL BY GOING REMOTE, AND NOW 821 00:24:49,885 --> 00:24:52,363 CAPITAL BY GOING REMOTE, AND NOW THEY NEED TO FORM NEW CAPITAL, 822 00:24:52,387 --> 00:24:54,232 THEY NEED TO FORM NEW CAPITAL, NEW CONNECTIONS IN ORDER TO DO 823 00:24:54,256 --> 00:24:54,867 NEW CONNECTIONS IN ORDER TO DO INNOVATIVE THINGS. 824 00:24:54,891 --> 00:24:57,268 INNOVATIVE THINGS. THAT'S ONE THING WE'RE TRYING TO 825 00:24:57,292 --> 00:24:57,436 THAT'S ONE THING WE'RE TRYING TO STUDY. 826 00:24:57,460 --> 00:24:58,903 STUDY. THAT'S FASCINATING. 827 00:24:58,927 --> 00:25:00,137 THAT'S FASCINATING. WE COULD TALK FOR HOURS JUST 828 00:25:00,161 --> 00:25:02,006 WE COULD TALK FOR HOURS JUST ABOUT THAT. 829 00:25:02,030 --> 00:25:04,075 ABOUT THAT. I WANT TO MAKE SURE I HAVE TIME 830 00:25:04,099 --> 00:25:05,810 I WANT TO MAKE SURE I HAVE TIME TO GET TO THE BROADEST VIEW OF 831 00:25:05,834 --> 00:25:07,511 TO GET TO THE BROADEST VIEW OF THE ECONOMY AND THE ROLE OF 832 00:25:07,535 --> 00:25:09,247 THE ECONOMY AND THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE ECONOMY. 833 00:25:09,271 --> 00:25:10,381 TECHNOLOGY IN THE ECONOMY. BECAUSE, IT LOOKS LIKE WHEN YOU 834 00:25:10,405 --> 00:25:11,949 BECAUSE, IT LOOKS LIKE WHEN YOU LOOK AT THINGS LIKE THE STOCK 835 00:25:11,973 --> 00:25:13,618 LOOK AT THINGS LIKE THE STOCK MARKET VERSUS THE REAL ECONOMY, 836 00:25:13,642 --> 00:25:15,453 MARKET VERSUS THE REAL ECONOMY, WE'RE KIND OF IN A TAIL OF TWO 837 00:25:15,477 --> 00:25:16,587 WE'RE KIND OF IN A TAIL OF TWO UNIVERSES RIGHT NOW. 838 00:25:16,611 --> 00:25:18,256 UNIVERSES RIGHT NOW. YOU LOOK AT THOSE OF US WHO ARE 839 00:25:18,280 --> 00:25:19,490 YOU LOOK AT THOSE OF US WHO ARE FORTUNATE TO BE ABLE TO DO 840 00:25:19,514 --> 00:25:21,292 FORTUNATE TO BE ABLE TO DO REMOTE WORK, TO BE ABLE TO DO 841 00:25:21,316 --> 00:25:23,361 REMOTE WORK, TO BE ABLE TO DO WORK IN TECHNOLOGY, IT SEEMS 842 00:25:23,385 --> 00:25:24,762 WORK IN TECHNOLOGY, IT SEEMS LIKE TO SOME DEGREE NOT THAT 843 00:25:24,786 --> 00:25:26,230 LIKE TO SOME DEGREE NOT THAT MUCH HAS CHANGED AND IN SOME 844 00:25:26,254 --> 00:25:27,632 MUCH HAS CHANGED AND IN SOME CASES IT MIGHT HAVE GOTTEN 845 00:25:27,656 --> 00:25:31,636 CASES IT MIGHT HAVE GOTTEN BETTER BECAUSE OF FLEXIBILITY OR 846 00:25:31,660 --> 00:25:31,904 BETTER BECAUSE OF FLEXIBILITY OR PRODUCTIVITY. 847 00:25:31,928 --> 00:25:33,804 PRODUCTIVITY. WHERE DO YOU SEE ALL OF THIS 848 00:25:33,828 --> 00:25:34,172 WHERE DO YOU SEE ALL OF THIS GOING? 849 00:25:34,196 --> 00:25:36,874 GOING? LET'S EXTRAPOLATE FOR A FEW 850 00:25:36,898 --> 00:25:38,276 LET'S EXTRAPOLATE FOR A FEW MINUTES ON, YOU KNOW, IS THIS A 851 00:25:38,300 --> 00:25:38,777 MINUTES ON, YOU KNOW, IS THIS A REAL TREND? 852 00:25:38,801 --> 00:25:40,544 REAL TREND? PEOPLE HAVE TALKED ABOUT 853 00:25:40,568 --> 00:25:42,246 PEOPLE HAVE TALKED ABOUT TECHNOLOGY AS MAYBE BEING A... 854 00:25:42,270 --> 00:25:44,048 TECHNOLOGY AS MAYBE BEING A... AN EQUALIZER, BUT ALSO A SOURCE 855 00:25:44,072 --> 00:25:46,684 AN EQUALIZER, BUT ALSO A SOURCE OF INEQUALITY, IS COVID 856 00:25:46,708 --> 00:25:47,185 OF INEQUALITY, IS COVID ACCELERATING THAT? 857 00:25:47,209 --> 00:25:48,486 ACCELERATING THAT? THAT'S A GREAT POINT. 858 00:25:48,510 --> 00:25:50,054 THAT'S A GREAT POINT. IF YOU LOOK AT IT, EVEN ON THE 859 00:25:50,078 --> 00:25:53,257 IF YOU LOOK AT IT, EVEN ON THE TREND SIDE, SAL, IT IS A COMPLEX 860 00:25:53,281 --> 00:25:53,392 TREND SIDE, SAL, IT IS A COMPLEX SITUATION. 861 00:25:53,416 --> 00:25:55,293 SITUATION. WE HAVE THE HEALTH CRISIS, AND 862 00:25:55,317 --> 00:25:59,163 WE HAVE THE HEALTH CRISIS, AND THE PANDEMIC, WE HAVE THE 863 00:25:59,187 --> 00:26:01,565 THE PANDEMIC, WE HAVE THE ECONOMIC DISLOCATION THAT IS 864 00:26:01,589 --> 00:26:02,401 ECONOMIC DISLOCATION THAT IS GETTING CREATED PRIMARILY 865 00:26:02,425 --> 00:26:04,835 GETTING CREATED PRIMARILY BECAUSE OF THE PANDEMIC. 866 00:26:04,859 --> 00:26:07,538 BECAUSE OF THE PANDEMIC. AND IT IS GOING TO BRING ABOUT 867 00:26:07,562 --> 00:26:09,240 AND IT IS GOING TO BRING ABOUT STRUCTURAL CHANGE EVEN POST 868 00:26:09,264 --> 00:26:09,508 STRUCTURAL CHANGE EVEN POST PANDEMIC. 869 00:26:09,532 --> 00:26:13,544 PANDEMIC. ITS IMPACTS WILL BE LONG 870 00:26:13,568 --> 00:26:13,745 ITS IMPACTS WILL BE LONG LASTING. 871 00:26:13,769 --> 00:26:17,114 LASTING. THERE IS THE SOCIETAL CHANGE 872 00:26:17,138 --> 00:26:19,850 THERE IS THE SOCIETAL CHANGE RIGHT, ALL OF THE CHALLENGES OF 873 00:26:19,874 --> 00:26:22,586 RIGHT, ALL OF THE CHALLENGES OF RACE AND THE GENERAL ISSUES IN 874 00:26:22,610 --> 00:26:22,888 RACE AND THE GENERAL ISSUES IN SOCIETY. 875 00:26:22,912 --> 00:26:24,455 SOCIETY. THERE IS THE WORLD ORDER AS WE 876 00:26:24,479 --> 00:26:26,891 THERE IS THE WORLD ORDER AS WE KNOW OF IT, OR GLOBALIZATION, 877 00:26:26,915 --> 00:26:29,760 KNOW OF IT, OR GLOBALIZATION, WHICH DROVE AT LEAST THE 878 00:26:29,784 --> 00:26:32,830 WHICH DROVE AT LEAST THE CAPITALISM FOR 30 YEARS IS 879 00:26:32,854 --> 00:26:33,931 CAPITALISM FOR 30 YEARS IS FUNDAMENTALLY GETTING 880 00:26:33,955 --> 00:26:34,099 FUNDAMENTALLY GETTING RECONFIGURED. 881 00:26:34,123 --> 00:26:36,500 RECONFIGURED. YOU PUT IT ALL TOGETHER, I THINK 882 00:26:36,524 --> 00:26:38,636 YOU PUT IT ALL TOGETHER, I THINK WE HAVE TO SORT OF BE MINDFUL OF 883 00:26:38,660 --> 00:26:39,870 WE HAVE TO SORT OF BE MINDFUL OF MULTIPLE THINGS, SO THERE IS... 884 00:26:39,894 --> 00:26:41,739 MULTIPLE THINGS, SO THERE IS... IF THERE IS A SILVER LINING I DO 885 00:26:41,763 --> 00:26:44,208 IF THERE IS A SILVER LINING I DO BELIEVE WE HAVE TO GET BETTER 886 00:26:44,232 --> 00:26:46,944 BELIEVE WE HAVE TO GET BETTER AT... AS EVERY PERSON AND EVERY 887 00:26:46,968 --> 00:26:51,449 AT... AS EVERY PERSON AND EVERY INSTITUTION IN USING SAY THE 888 00:26:51,473 --> 00:26:52,683 INSTITUTION IN USING SAY THE MALABILITY OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY 889 00:26:52,707 --> 00:26:54,585 MALABILITY OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY TO HELP COPE WITH THIS CHANGE. 890 00:26:54,609 --> 00:26:55,886 TO HELP COPE WITH THIS CHANGE. WE ALSO THEREFORE HAVE TO DEAL 891 00:26:55,910 --> 00:26:57,621 WE ALSO THEREFORE HAVE TO DEAL WITH SOME OF THE ISSUES, WHICH 892 00:26:57,645 --> 00:26:59,824 WITH SOME OF THE ISSUES, WHICH IS... ONE IS IT IS THE WHATEVER 893 00:26:59,848 --> 00:27:01,892 IS... ONE IS IT IS THE WHATEVER HAPPENS NEXT HAS TO BE MORE 894 00:27:01,916 --> 00:27:03,527 HAPPENS NEXT HAS TO BE MORE INCLUSIVE. 895 00:27:03,551 --> 00:27:05,830 INCLUSIVE. WHETHER IT IS IN EDUCATION, DO 896 00:27:05,854 --> 00:27:08,032 WHETHER IT IS IN EDUCATION, DO WE HAVE BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY, 897 00:27:08,056 --> 00:27:09,967 WE HAVE BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY, DO WE HAVE THE DEVICES, ARE WE 898 00:27:09,991 --> 00:27:12,036 DO WE HAVE THE DEVICES, ARE WE HELPING SMALL BUSINESSES AND 899 00:27:12,060 --> 00:27:14,438 HELPING SMALL BUSINESSES AND LARGE BUSINESSES, IS IT ACROSS 900 00:27:14,462 --> 00:27:15,673 LARGE BUSINESSES, IS IT ACROSS ALL SECTORS, IT CAN'T JUST BE 901 00:27:15,697 --> 00:27:17,441 ALL SECTORS, IT CAN'T JUST BE ABOUT HIGH TECH AS A SECTOR, IT 902 00:27:17,465 --> 00:27:18,642 ABOUT HIGH TECH AS A SECTOR, IT HAS TO BE ABOUT EVERY PART OF 903 00:27:18,666 --> 00:27:19,677 HAS TO BE ABOUT EVERY PART OF THE ECONOMY. 904 00:27:19,701 --> 00:27:21,746 THE ECONOMY. IT HAS TO BE ABOUT KNOWLEDGE 905 00:27:21,770 --> 00:27:23,280 IT HAS TO BE ABOUT KNOWLEDGE WORKERS AND FIRSTLIN 906 00:27:23,304 --> 00:27:24,782 IT HAS TO BE ABOUT KNOWLEDGE WORKERS AND FIRSTL LINE WORKERS. 907 00:27:24,806 --> 00:27:25,916 WORKERS AND FIRSTL LINE WORKERS. WHATEVER COMES OUT NOW HAS TO BE 908 00:27:25,940 --> 00:27:27,618 WHATEVER COMES OUT NOW HAS TO BE MUCH MORE INCLUSIVE. 909 00:27:27,642 --> 00:27:31,455 MUCH MORE INCLUSIVE. OTHERWISE WE HAVE 90%, 80%, 70% 910 00:27:31,479 --> 00:27:32,757 OTHERWISE WE HAVE 90%, 80%, 70% ECONOMY THAT DOES ANYBODY ANY 911 00:27:32,781 --> 00:27:32,958 ECONOMY THAT DOES ANYBODY ANY GOOD. 912 00:27:32,982 --> 00:27:34,025 GOOD. THE SECOND THING IS TRUST. 913 00:27:34,049 --> 00:27:35,593 THE SECOND THING IS TRUST. THE OTHER THING THAT IS GOING TO 914 00:27:35,617 --> 00:27:38,329 THE OTHER THING THAT IS GOING TO BE MASSIVELY TALKED ABOUT IS AS 915 00:27:38,353 --> 00:27:39,297 BE MASSIVELY TALKED ABOUT IS AS TECHNOLOGY BECOMES SO PERVASIVE 916 00:27:39,321 --> 00:27:41,032 TECHNOLOGY BECOMES SO PERVASIVE IN OUR LIVES AND WORK, WHAT IS 917 00:27:41,056 --> 00:27:41,933 IN OUR LIVES AND WORK, WHAT IS THE INTEGRITY OF IT? 918 00:27:41,957 --> 00:27:44,502 THE INTEGRITY OF IT? YOU CAN TALK ABOUT IT AS. 919 00:27:44,526 --> 00:27:46,604 YOU CAN TALK ABOUT IT AS. I ETHICS, PRIVACY, SECURITY, 920 00:27:46,628 --> 00:27:49,507 I ETHICS, PRIVACY, SECURITY, INTERNET SAFETY, ALL FIRST CLASS 921 00:27:49,531 --> 00:27:49,674 INTERNET SAFETY, ALL FIRST CLASS ISSUES. 922 00:27:49,698 --> 00:27:52,977 ISSUES. THEN THE OTHER ASPECT TO ME IS 923 00:27:53,001 --> 00:27:56,580 THEN THE OTHER ASPECT TO ME IS ALL AROUND, YOU KNOW, ART, EVEN 924 00:27:56,604 --> 00:28:00,885 ALL AROUND, YOU KNOW, ART, EVEN THE CORE RIGHTS AND SAFETY AND 925 00:28:00,909 --> 00:28:02,453 THE CORE RIGHTS AND SAFETY AND TAKE EVEN HUMAN RIGHTS, ACCESS 926 00:28:02,477 --> 00:28:04,688 TAKE EVEN HUMAN RIGHTS, ACCESS IS ONE THING, AND RESKILLING AND 927 00:28:04,712 --> 00:28:06,690 IS ONE THING, AND RESKILLING AND UPSKILLING IS A MASSIVE ISSUE. 928 00:28:06,714 --> 00:28:09,693 UPSKILLING IS A MASSIVE ISSUE. SO SOME OF THESE CONSIDERATIONS 929 00:28:09,717 --> 00:28:10,629 SO SOME OF THESE CONSIDERATIONS AND SUSTAINABILITY IS THE OTHER 930 00:28:10,653 --> 00:28:12,363 AND SUSTAINABILITY IS THE OTHER ONE ARE GOING TO BE THINGS THAT 931 00:28:12,387 --> 00:28:14,665 ONE ARE GOING TO BE THINGS THAT WE WILL HAVE TO MAKE FIRST CLASS 932 00:28:14,689 --> 00:28:16,400 WE WILL HAVE TO MAKE FIRST CLASS IS INTO OUR DISCOURSE ON SAYING 933 00:28:16,424 --> 00:28:20,071 IS INTO OUR DISCOURSE ON SAYING AS WE COME OUT OF ALL OF THE 934 00:28:20,095 --> 00:28:21,605 AS WE COME OUT OF ALL OF THE MULTIPLE CHALLENGES, WILL WE BE 935 00:28:21,629 --> 00:28:25,176 MULTIPLE CHALLENGES, WILL WE BE ABLE TO NAVIGATE TO A BETTER 936 00:28:25,200 --> 00:28:27,378 ABLE TO NAVIGATE TO A BETTER PLACE BY TAKING A DIFFERENT 937 00:28:27,402 --> 00:28:28,913 PLACE BY TAKING A DIFFERENT APPROACH TO ECONOMIC GROWTH AT A 938 00:28:28,937 --> 00:28:30,247 APPROACH TO ECONOMIC GROWTH AT A FUNDAMENTAL LEVEL. 939 00:28:30,271 --> 00:28:31,882 FUNDAMENTAL LEVEL. THAT'S WHAT I BELIEVE, ECONOMIC 940 00:28:31,906 --> 00:28:33,117 THAT'S WHAT I BELIEVE, ECONOMIC GROWTH IS SUPER IMPORTANT. 941 00:28:33,141 --> 00:28:37,421 GROWTH IS SUPER IMPORTANT. THERE IS NO POINT SAYING THAT 942 00:28:37,445 --> 00:28:38,122 THERE IS NO POINT SAYING THAT LET'S SACRIFICE ECONOMIC GROWTH 943 00:28:38,146 --> 00:28:38,857 LET'S SACRIFICE ECONOMIC GROWTH BECAUSE WITHOUT ECONOMIC GROWTH, 944 00:28:38,881 --> 00:28:40,591 BECAUSE WITHOUT ECONOMIC GROWTH, YOU CAN'T SOLVE SOME OF THE 945 00:28:40,615 --> 00:28:41,093 YOU CAN'T SOLVE SOME OF THE OTHER CHALLENGES. 946 00:28:41,117 --> 00:28:43,294 OTHER CHALLENGES. BUT WHAT WE DO NEED TO SOLVE 947 00:28:43,318 --> 00:28:46,163 BUT WHAT WE DO NEED TO SOLVE THESE OTHER CHALLENGES ALONGSIDE 948 00:28:46,187 --> 00:28:48,299 THESE OTHER CHALLENGES ALONGSIDE ECONOMIC GROWTH. 949 00:28:48,323 --> 00:28:49,366 ECONOMIC GROWTH. ONE LAST QUESTION, A LOT OF 950 00:28:49,390 --> 00:28:51,068 ONE LAST QUESTION, A LOT OF YOUNG PEOPLE, A LOT OF QUESTIONS 951 00:28:51,092 --> 00:28:52,770 YOUNG PEOPLE, A LOT OF QUESTIONS ALONG THIS FLAVOR, THIS IS YOUR 952 00:28:52,794 --> 00:28:54,939 ALONG THIS FLAVOR, THIS IS YOUR CHANCE TO BE UNCLE SATYA FOR A 953 00:28:54,963 --> 00:28:55,907 CHANCE TO BE UNCLE SATYA FOR A SECOND. 954 00:28:55,931 --> 00:28:57,241 SECOND. WHAT ADVICE WOULD YOU... TO 955 00:28:57,265 --> 00:29:02,413 WHAT ADVICE WOULD YOU... TO FINISH OFF ON, WHAT ADVICE WOULD 956 00:29:02,437 --> 00:29:04,181 FINISH OFF ON, WHAT ADVICE WOULD YOU HAVE GIVEN TO YOURSELF 30 957 00:29:04,205 --> 00:29:05,483 YOU HAVE GIVEN TO YOURSELF 30 YEARS AGO OR TO FOLKS WATCHING 958 00:29:05,507 --> 00:29:07,218 YEARS AGO OR TO FOLKS WATCHING WHO ARE LIKE YOURSELF 30 YEARS 959 00:29:07,242 --> 00:29:07,352 WHO ARE LIKE YOURSELF 30 YEARS AGO? 960 00:29:07,376 --> 00:29:08,886 AGO? THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. 961 00:29:08,910 --> 00:29:11,322 THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. I RECENTLY WROTE A FATHER'S DAY 962 00:29:11,346 --> 00:29:12,456 I RECENTLY WROTE A FATHER'S DAY POST, I LOST MY FATHER LAST 963 00:29:12,480 --> 00:29:14,358 POST, I LOST MY FATHER LAST YEAR, HE WAS A GREAT INFLUENCE 964 00:29:14,382 --> 00:29:17,161 YEAR, HE WAS A GREAT INFLUENCE IN MY LIFE, AND I WAS REFLECTING 965 00:29:17,185 --> 00:29:19,196 IN MY LIFE, AND I WAS REFLECTING ON HIS OWN LIFE AND HOW HE LIVED 966 00:29:19,220 --> 00:29:20,698 ON HIS OWN LIFE AND HOW HE LIVED IT AND BY SOMEHOW HIM LIVING 967 00:29:20,722 --> 00:29:22,900 IT AND BY SOMEHOW HIM LIVING THAT LIFE, WHAT DID HE TEACH ME? 968 00:29:22,924 --> 00:29:25,035 THAT LIFE, WHAT DID HE TEACH ME? THE ONE THING I WOULD SAY IS, 969 00:29:25,059 --> 00:29:28,372 THE ONE THING I WOULD SAY IS, YOU KNOW, HOW DO YOU KEEP THAT 970 00:29:28,396 --> 00:29:29,540 YOU KNOW, HOW DO YOU KEEP THAT CURIOSITY AND THIRST FOR 971 00:29:29,564 --> 00:29:31,642 CURIOSITY AND THIRST FOR LEARNING, THAT INTELLECTUAL 972 00:29:31,666 --> 00:29:34,778 LEARNING, THAT INTELLECTUAL HONESTY AND NOT BEING DOGMATIC 973 00:29:34,802 --> 00:29:36,981 HONESTY AND NOT BEING DOGMATIC OR FALL VICTIM TO DOCTRINE AND 974 00:29:37,005 --> 00:29:37,816 OR FALL VICTIM TO DOCTRINE AND THINKING, THAT USED TO BE THE 975 00:29:37,840 --> 00:29:39,450 THINKING, THAT USED TO BE THE ONE THING HE WOULD ALWAYS SAY, 976 00:29:39,474 --> 00:29:41,152 ONE THING HE WOULD ALWAYS SAY, THAT'S... I LOOK BACK EVEN IN MY 977 00:29:41,176 --> 00:29:42,920 THAT'S... I LOOK BACK EVEN IN MY OWN LIFE AND I THINK I'VE BEEN 978 00:29:42,944 --> 00:29:45,289 OWN LIFE AND I THINK I'VE BEEN SHAPED BY THAT, I'VE BENEFITTED 979 00:29:45,313 --> 00:29:48,993 SHAPED BY THAT, I'VE BENEFITTED FROM THAT, SO KEEP CURIOSITY 980 00:29:49,017 --> 00:29:49,361 FROM THAT, SO KEEP CURIOSITY ALIVE. 981 00:29:49,385 --> 00:29:51,028 ALIVE. NO, THAT'S SUPER VALUABLE. 982 00:29:51,052 --> 00:29:52,663 NO, THAT'S SUPER VALUABLE. WELL, THANK YOU SO MUCH, SATYA. 983 00:29:52,687 --> 00:29:54,331 WELL, THANK YOU SO MUCH, SATYA. I THINK I SPEAK FOR MANY FOLKS 984 00:29:54,355 --> 00:29:56,667 I THINK I SPEAK FOR MANY FOLKS WHICH IS, YOU KNOW, AS 985 00:29:56,691 --> 00:29:57,502 WHICH IS, YOU KNOW, AS IMPRESSIVE AS IS YOUR ROLE IN 986 00:29:57,526 --> 00:29:59,003 IMPRESSIVE AS IS YOUR ROLE IN THE WORLD IS, I THINK THE WAY 987 00:29:59,027 --> 00:30:00,404 THE WORLD IS, I THINK THE WAY YOU DO YOUR ROLE IS THAT MUCH 988 00:30:00,428 --> 00:30:01,438 YOU DO YOUR ROLE IS THAT MUCH MORE IMPRESSIVE. 989 00:30:01,462 --> 00:30:03,641 MORE IMPRESSIVE. SO THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR 990 00:30:03,665 --> 00:30:03,842 SO THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING. 991 00:30:03,866 --> 00:30:05,876 JOINING. YOU'RE AN INSPIRATION FOR A LOT 992 00:30:05,900 --> 00:30:06,344 YOU'RE AN INSPIRATION FOR A LOT OF FOLKS. 993 00:30:06,368 --> 00:30:07,411 OF FOLKS. THANK YOU, SAL. 994 00:30:07,435 --> 00:30:08,712 THANK YOU, SAL. THANK YOU FOR THE OPPORTUNITY. 995 00:30:08,736 --> 00:30:10,080 THANK YOU FOR THE OPPORTUNITY. I LOOK FORWARD TO BEING IN 996 00:30:10,104 --> 00:30:10,248 I LOOK FORWARD TO BEING IN TOUCH. 997 00:30:10,272 --> 00:30:12,983 TOUCH. SO THANK YOU, EVERYONE, FOR 998 00:30:13,007 --> 00:30:13,218 SO THANK YOU, EVERYONE, FOR JOINING. 999 00:30:13,242 --> 00:30:14,351 JOINING. ANOTHER CONVERSATION... I WOULD 1000 00:30:14,375 --> 00:30:15,819 ANOTHER CONVERSATION... I WOULD HAVE LOVED TO HAVE SPOKEN FOR 1001 00:30:15,843 --> 00:30:16,188 HAVE LOVED TO HAVE SPOKEN FOR HOURS. 1002 00:30:16,212 --> 00:30:17,488 HOURS. THERE ARE SO MANY DIMENSIONS TO 1003 00:30:17,512 --> 00:30:18,889 THERE ARE SO MANY DIMENSIONS TO SOME OF THE THINGS THAT SATYA 1004 00:30:18,913 --> 00:30:19,391 SOME OF THE THINGS THAT SATYA TOUCHED ON. 1005 00:30:19,415 --> 00:30:21,959 TOUCHED ON. BUT THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR 1006 00:30:21,983 --> 00:30:22,093 BUT THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING. 1007 00:30:22,117 --> 00:30:24,228 JOINING. WE HAVE A VERY ACTION-PACKED 1008 00:30:24,252 --> 00:30:25,796 WE HAVE A VERY ACTION-PACKED WEEK COMING UP. 1009 00:30:25,820 --> 00:30:28,866 WEEK COMING UP. TOMORROW, WE'RE GOING TO HAVE 1010 00:30:28,890 --> 00:30:33,070 TOMORROW, WE'RE GOING TO HAVE HASSAN MANAGE, THE CREATOR OF 1011 00:30:33,094 --> 00:30:33,638 HASSAN MANAGE, THE CREATOR OF PATRIOT ACT. 1012 00:30:33,662 --> 00:30:36,807 PATRIOT ACT. AND ON THURSDAY, NICOLE HANNAH 1013 00:30:36,831 --> 00:30:39,310 AND ON THURSDAY, NICOLE HANNAH JONES, KNOWN FOR A REPORTER WHO 1014 00:30:39,334 --> 00:30:41,011 JONES, KNOWN FOR A REPORTER WHO STARRED IN PROJECT 1619, THE 1015 00:30:41,035 --> 00:30:43,080 STARRED IN PROJECT 1619, THE YEAR THAT SLAVERY CAME TO THE 1016 00:30:43,104 --> 00:30:44,715 YEAR THAT SLAVERY CAME TO THE NEW WORLD, CAME TO THE AMERICAS, 1017 00:30:44,739 --> 00:30:45,350 NEW WORLD, CAME TO THE AMERICAS, SO TO SPEAK. 1018 00:30:45,374 --> 00:30:47,084 SO TO SPEAK. IT IS A PERSPECTIVE ON THE 1019 00:30:47,108 --> 00:30:48,118 IT IS A PERSPECTIVE ON THE HISTORY OF SLAVERY. 1020 00:30:48,142 --> 00:30:50,521 HISTORY OF SLAVERY. SO WE LOOK FORWARD TO BOTH OF 1021 00:30:50,545 --> 00:30:52,489 SO WE LOOK FORWARD TO BOTH OF THESE GUESTS AND HAVING MORE 1022 00:30:52,513 --> 00:30:53,191 THESE GUESTS AND HAVING MORE REALLY INTERESTING CONVERSATIONS 1023 00:30:53,215 --> 00:30:55,426 REALLY INTERESTING CONVERSATIONS LIKE THE ONE WE JUST HAD. 1024 00:30:55,450 --> 00:30:57,290 LIKE THE ONE WE JUST HAD. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR