[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.37,0:00:02.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Danas imamo jedan globalni zdravstveni izazov
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.50,0:00:04.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,na nasim ledima,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.20,0:00:07.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a to je da je nacin na koji trenutno
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.26,0:00:10.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,otkrivamo i razvijamo nove lijekove
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.18,0:00:14.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,preskup, traje predugo,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.36,0:00:18.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i mnogo cesce nas razocara nego sto obraduje.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.07,0:00:21.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Jednostavno ne funkcionise, a to znaci
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.45,0:00:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,da pacijenti ne dobivaju terapiju koja im je
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.50,0:00:26.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prijeko potrebna
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.21,0:00:29.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a bolesti se ne liječe.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.71,0:00:32.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cini mi se da se trosi sve vise i vise novaca.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.79,0:00:36.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tako da za svaku milijardu dolara koju potrosimo za istrazivanje i razvoj
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.89,0:00:40.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,manje lijekova dobije dozvolu za koristenje.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.72,0:00:43.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vise novaca, manje lijekova. Hmm.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.93,0:00:45.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pa sta se to desava?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.85,0:00:48.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pa, u igri su mnostvo faktora,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.45,0:00:50.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ali mislim da je kljucni faktor
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.47,0:00:52.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taj da su alati koji su nam danas
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.86,0:00:56.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dostupni za utvrdivanje da li je lijek djelotvoran,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.95,0:00:58.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,da li je uspjesan,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.34,0:01:00.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i da li ce biti siguran za upotrebu
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.10,0:01:03.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prije nego ga pocnemo testirati na ljudima,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.66,0:01:05.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nedovoljni. Ne mogu predvidjeti
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.81,0:01:09.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sta ce se desiti u ljuskom organizmu.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.03,0:01:11.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ono sto imamo dostupno za upotrebu su
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.76,0:01:13.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dva alata.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.77,0:01:17.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Celije u posudicama i testiranje na zivotinjama.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.81,0:01:21.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Porazgovarajmo o prvom, celije u posudicama.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.13,0:01:24.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pa, celije sasvim uredno funkcionisu u nasim tijelima.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.28,0:01:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mi ih izvadimo, otrgnemo
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.34,0:01:29.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,iz njihovog prirodnog okruzenja,\Nubacimo u jednu od ovih posudica,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.29,0:01:30.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i ocekujemo da i dalje funkcionisu.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.87,0:01:33.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ali pogadate: to ne funkcionise.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.07,0:01:34.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Celije ne vole tu sredinu
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.73,0:01:36.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koja ne lici na sredinu
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.36,0:01:39.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,u ljudskom organizmu.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.04,0:01:41.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A testiranje na zivotinjama?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.11,0:01:43.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Zivotinje mogu i pruzaju nam
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.99,0:01:46.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,izuzetno korisne informacije.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.26,0:01:47.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Na njima ucimo sta se desava
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.96,0:01:50.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,u kompleksnim organizmima.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.29,0:01:53.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ucimo vise o samoj biologiji.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.30,0:01:56.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Medutim, cesto se desi da
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.20,0:02:00.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ovo testiranje ne moze predvidjeti\Nsta ce se desiti u ljudskom organizmu
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.42,0:02:03.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kada budu podvrgnuti terapiji sa odredenim lijekom.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.60,0:02:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Zato nam trebaju bolji alati.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.98,0:02:07.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Potrebne su nam ljudske celije,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.73,0:02:10.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ali moramo naci nacin da ih drzimo u prirodnoj sredini
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.48,0:02:12.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,van nasih tijela.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.07,0:02:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nasa tijela su dinamicka okruzenja.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.98,0:02:16.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Konstantno se krecemo.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.82,0:02:19.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nase celije to osjete.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.01,0:02:21.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,U nasim tijelima, one su u dinamickom okruzenju.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.82,0:02:24.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pod stalnim su mehanickim uticajima.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.58,0:02:27.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ukoliko zelimo da kreiramo jedno
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.03,0:02:28.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,takvo okruzenje,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.46,0:02:30.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,moramo da postanemo arhitekti celija.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.99,0:02:35.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Treba da dizajniramo, izgradimo i planiramo
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.33,0:02:38.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dom van doma za celije.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.56,0:02:40.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mi, na ViS institutu,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.24,0:02:42.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,smo ucinili upravo to,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.17,0:02:45.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i nazvali smo ga organ-na-cipu.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.20,0:02:46.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I upravo imam jedan ovdje.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.99,0:02:49.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prelijep je, zar ne?\NAli je i prilicno nevjerovatan.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.80,0:02:54.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ovdje, u mojoj ruci, se nalaze ziva, ljudska
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.30,0:02:56.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pluca na cipu koja disu.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.96,0:02:59.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I nisu samo lijepa na izgled.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.09,0:03:01.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sa njima se moze uciniti mnogo toga.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.53,0:03:05.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,U ovom malom cipu imamo zive celije,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.31,0:03:07.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,celije koje se nalaze u dinamicnom okruzenju
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.86,0:03:10.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koje medusobno djeluju sa drugim tipovima celija.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.94,0:03:12.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mnogi ljudi su
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.58,0:03:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pokusali da uzgajaju celije u laboratoriju.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.44,0:03:17.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Probali su razne pristupe.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.60,0:03:20.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cak su pokusali da uzgoje\Nmale mini organe u laboratoriju.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.22,0:03:21.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To nije ono sto mi ovdje pokusavamo.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.77,0:03:23.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Jednostavno pokusavamo da rekonstruisemo
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.90,0:03:25.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,u ovom malom cipu
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.47,0:03:28.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,najmanju funkcionalnu jedinicu
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.49,0:03:31.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koja simulira biohemiju,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.04,0:03:34.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,funkciju i mehanicka opterecenja
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.17,0:03:37.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kojima su podvrgnute celije u nasim tijelima.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.68,0:03:40.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kako to radimo? Pokazat cu vam.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.72,0:03:43.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Koristimo tehniku industrije za proizvodnju
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.35,0:03:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,racunarskih cipova
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.98,0:03:47.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,da bi izgradili ove strukture na razini
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.18,0:03:50.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relevantnoj i celijama i njihovom okruzenju.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.08,0:03:52.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tu se nalaze tri kanala za tecnosti.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.14,0:03:55.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,U centru se nalazi porozna, fleksibilna membrana
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.85,0:03:57.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,na koju mozemo postaviti ljudske celije
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.92,0:03:59.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recimo iz nasih pluca,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.26,0:04:01.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a ispod njih se nalaze kapilarne celije,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.75,0:04:03.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,celije u nasim krvnim zilama.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.54,0:04:07.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Zatim mozemo na cip aplicirati mehanicke sile
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.86,0:04:10.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koje rastezu i skupljaju membranu,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.68,0:04:13.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tako da celije osjecaju iste mehanicke sile
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.78,0:04:16.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kako i kad disemo.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.71,0:04:19.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dozivljavaju ih na isti nacin kao i u tijelu.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.87,0:04:22.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kroz gornji kanal prolazi vazduh,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.27,0:04:25.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a kroz krvne kanale ulijevamo tecnost
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.62,0:04:28.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koja sadrzi hranjive sastojke.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.46,0:04:30.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Da cip je zaista divan,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.83,0:04:32.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ali sta mozemo sa njim postici?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.93,0:04:35.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mozemo postici izuzetnu funkcionalnost
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.26,0:04:37.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unutar ovog malog cipa.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.01,0:04:38.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pokazat cu vam.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.51,0:04:41.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Na primjer, mogli bismo simulirati infekciju,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.14,0:04:44.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tako sto dodamo celije bakterija u pluca.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.68,0:04:47.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A zatim dodamo ljudska bijela krvna zrnca.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.61,0:04:50.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bijela krvna zrnca su nacin na koji se nasa tijela brane
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.20,0:04:51.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,od invazivnih bakterija,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.57,0:04:54.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i kada osjete upalu izazvanu infekcijom,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.74,0:04:57.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,iz krvi ce da udu u pluca
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.60,0:04:59.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i okruziti bakteriju.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.51,0:05:01.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sada cemo to vidjeti uzivo
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.76,0:05:05.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,na ljudskim plucima na cipu.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.07,0:05:08.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,oznacili smo bijela krvna zrnca\Nkako biste ih lakse uocili dok prolaze,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.61,0:05:10.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a kada uoce infekciju,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.77,0:05:12.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pocnu prijanjati.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.17,0:05:16.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prijanjaju, a onda pokusavaju da produ iz krvne zile
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.06,0:05:17.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,na stranu gdje su pluca.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.84,0:05:21.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A kao sto mozete vidjeti ovdje, mozemo si vizualizovati
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.53,0:05:25.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i samo jedno bijelo krvno zrnce.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.29,0:05:27.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prijanjaju, probija svoj put kroz
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.54,0:05:29.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slojeve celija, kroz pore,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.86,0:05:32.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,izlazi na drugu stranu membrane,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.28,0:05:35.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i upravo sada ce da okruzi bakteriju
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.71,0:05:37.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koja je markirana zelenom bojom.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.36,0:05:40.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Taj mali cip vam je omogucio da budete svjedoci
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.37,0:05:43.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jednom od najosnovnijih reakcija
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.55,0:05:45.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koje nase tijelo ima na infekciju.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.50,0:05:49.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tako nase tijelo reaguje--imuna reakcija.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.27,0:05:51.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Poprilicno uzbudljivo.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.68,0:05:54.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Zelim vam sada pokazati ovu sliku,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.02,0:05:56.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ne zato sto je divna,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.66,0:05:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vec zato sto nam pruza ogromnu\Nkolicinu informacija
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.99,0:06:02.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,o tome sta celije rade unutar cipa.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.59,0:06:04.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vidimo da celije
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.85,0:06:07.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,iz malih disnih puteva u plucima,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.16,0:06:08.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ustvari imaju ove male dlakice
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.91,0:06:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koje biste ocekivali da vidite u plucima.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.92,0:06:12.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Te strukture se zovu cilija,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.38,0:06:15.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i one pomazu u izbacivanju sluzi iz pluca.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.29,0:06:16.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Da, Sluz. Bljak.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.83,0:06:19.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ali sluz je ustvari veoma vazna.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.27,0:06:21.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sluz hvata cestice, viruse,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.85,0:06:23.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,potencijalne alergene,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.31,0:06:24.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a cilije kretanjem
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.91,0:06:27.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,izbacuju sluz vani.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.16,0:06:29.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ako se ostete, recimo
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.08,0:06:31.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dimom iz cigarete na primjer,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.49,0:06:34.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ne rade kako trebaju,\Ni nisu ustanju izbaciti sluz.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.30,0:06:38.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A to vodi do bolesti poput bronhitisa.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.12,0:06:40.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cilije i izbacivanje sluzi
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.77,0:06:45.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,su takoder kljucni kod groznih bolesti poput cisticne fibroze.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.23,0:06:48.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ali sada, zahvaljujuci funkcionalnosti u ovim cipovima,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.78,0:06:50.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mozemo poceti da trazimo
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.60,0:06:53.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,potencijalne nove tretmane.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.11,0:06:55.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nismo se zaustavili samo na plucima na cipu.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.07,0:06:56.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imamo crijevo na cipu.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.95,0:06:58.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Evo jednoga.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.98,0:07:02.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Postavili smo ljudske crijevne celije
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.21,0:07:04.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,u ovo crijevo na cipu,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.11,0:07:06.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i one su pod stalnim peristaltickim kretanjem,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.95,0:07:10.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ovaj protok kroz celije,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.14,0:07:12.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i mozemo imitirati mnoge funkcije
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.70,0:07:14.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koje bi inace ocekivali da vidite
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.96,0:07:16.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,u ljudskom crijevu.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.65,0:07:20.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tako da sada mozemo poceti da kreiramo modele bolesti
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.44,0:07:22.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,poput bolesti upaljenog crijeva.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.85,0:07:24.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ovo je bolest koja muci
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.94,0:07:26.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,veliki broj ljudi.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.85,0:07:28.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oslabljuje organizam,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.62,0:07:32.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a ne postoji bas mnogo dobrih tretmana.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.56,0:07:34.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imamo cijeli niz
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.86,0:07:37.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,razlicitih organa na cipu
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.14,0:07:40.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,na kojima trenutno radimo u nasim laboratorijama.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.88,0:07:44.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ali prava snaga ove tehnologije ustvari dolazi
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.30,0:07:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,iz cinjenice
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.42,0:07:48.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,da ih sve mozemo fluidno povezati.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.96,0:07:50.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Posto kroz ove celije tece tecnost,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.91,0:07:52.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mozemo poceti da povezijemo
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.99,0:07:55.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,razlicite cipove
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.85,0:08:00.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kako bismo formirali ono sto mi zovemo virtualni covjek na cipu.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.07,0:08:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sada ste stvarno uzbudeni.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.08,0:08:07.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nikada necemo kreirati citavo ljudsko bice na ovim cipovima,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.17,0:08:11.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ali nas gol je da budemo ustanju kreirati
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.34,0:08:13.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dovoljnu funkcionalnost
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.35,0:08:15.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kako bismo bolje mogli predvidjeti
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.71,0:08:17.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sta ce se desiti u ljudskom organizmu.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.93,0:08:20.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Na primjer, mozemo poceti istrazivati
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.85,0:08:24.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sta ce se desiti kada ubacimo neki inhalatorni lijek.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.28,0:08:27.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oni od vas koji imaju astmu poput mene, kada uzmete inhaler,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.27,0:08:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mozemo istraziti kako lijek ulazi u pluca,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.20,0:08:31.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kako ulazi u tijelo,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.82,0:08:33.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i kako moze uticati, recimo, na srce.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.58,0:08:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Da li mijenja otkucaje srca?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.48,0:08:37.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Da li je toksican?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.12,0:08:39.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Da li ga jetra ocisti iz organizma?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.13,0:08:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Da li metabolira u jetri?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.28,0:08:43.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Da li se izlucuje u vase bubrege?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.18,0:08:45.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mozemo poceti da izucava dinamican
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.39,0:08:48.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,odgovor tijela na lijek.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.03,0:08:49.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ovo bi mogla biti revolucija
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.95,0:08:51.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i promjena nacina dosadasnjeg rada
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.60,0:08:54.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ne samo za farmaceutsku industriju,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.53,0:08:56.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vec za citav niz raznih industrija,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.91,0:08:59.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ukljucujuci i kozmeticku industriju.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.31,0:09:02.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mogli bismo koristiti kozu na cipu
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.19,0:09:04.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kojutrenutno razvijamo u laboratoriji
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.15,0:09:06.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kako bismo testirali da li su sastojci u ovim preparatima
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.70,0:09:09.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koje koristite stvarno sigurni za nanosenje na kozu
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.99,0:09:12.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i to bez potrebe za testiranjem na zivotinjama.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.68,0:09:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mogli bismo testirati sigurnost
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.62,0:09:16.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hemikalija kojima smo izloceni
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.87,0:09:18.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,svaki dan u nasoj okolini,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.79,0:09:22.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,poput hemikalija koje se nalaze u obicnim sredstvima za ciscenje.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.52,0:09:25.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Takoder bismo mogli koristiti organe na cipu
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.72,0:09:28.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,za testiranje izlocenosto biohemikalijama
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.50,0:09:31.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ili radijaciji.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.07,0:09:34.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mogli bismo ih koristiti da nesto vise naucimo
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.42,0:09:37.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,o bolestima poput ebole
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.46,0:09:41.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ili drugim smrtonosnim bolestima poput SARS-a.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.36,0:09:43.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Organi na cipu bi takoder mogli promijeniti
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.19,0:09:46.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nacin na koji cemo u buducnosti raditi klinicka ispitivanja.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.57,0:09:49.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Trenutno, prosjecan ucesnik
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.16,0:09:52.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,u klinickom istrazivanju je upravo to: prosjecan.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.52,0:09:55.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Obicno je srednjih godina, cesto zena.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.85,0:09:58.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Necete naci puno klinickih ispitivanja
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.32,0:09:59.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,u koja su ukljucena djeca,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.84,0:10:03.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,iako djeci svakodnevno dajemo lijekove,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.38,0:10:07.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a jedine sigurnosne cinjenice koje imamo o tom lijeku
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.13,0:10:10.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,potjece od ipitivanja na odraslima.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.20,0:10:11.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Djeca nisu odrasli.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.100,0:10:15.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mozda nece reagovati na isti nacin kao i odrasli.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.13,0:10:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Zatim druge razlike u populaciji,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.54,0:10:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,poput genetskih
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.98,0:10:22.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koje mogu dovesti do rizika od
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.08,0:10:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nezeljene reakcije na lijek.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.52,0:10:28.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Zamislite kada bismo mogli sakupiti celije svih ovih razlicitih populacija,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.92,0:10:30.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,staviti ih u cipove,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.83,0:10:32.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i stvoriti populacije na cipovima.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.79,0:10:34.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To bi stvarno moglo promijeniti nacin
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.63,0:10:36.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,na koji vrsimo klinicka istrazivanja.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.70,0:10:39.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ovo je tim ljudi koji to rade.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.53,0:10:42.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imamo inzinjere, histologe,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.79,0:10:46.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,klinicare, i svi rade zajedno.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.56,0:10:48.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sudjelujemo u necemu zaista izvanrednom
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.49,0:10:50.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,na ViS institutu.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.09,0:10:52.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To je takvo uskladivanje disciplina,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.26,0:10:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gdje bilogija utice na nacin na koji dizajniramo,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.98,0:10:58.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,na nacin na koji stvaramo.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.64,0:11:00.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Uzbudljivo je.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.05,0:11:03.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Uspostavljamo veoma vaznu industrijsku saradnju
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.61,0:11:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,poput ove koju imamo sa kompanijom
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.98,0:11:10.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koja ima iskustvo u proizvodnji digitalne opreme na veliko.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.58,0:11:12.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pomocice nam da napravimo
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.60,0:11:14.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,samo jedan ovaj,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.13,0:11:15.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,milione ovakvih cipova
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.71,0:11:17.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kako bismo ih napravili dostupnim
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.38,0:11:20.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sto vecem broju istrazivaca.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.27,0:11:24.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A to je kljucni potencijal ove tehnologije.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.49,0:11:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A sada cu vam pokazati nas instrument.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.02,0:11:29.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ovo je instrument za kojeg nasi inzinjeri
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.01,0:11:31.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,upravo sada izraduju prototip u laboratoriju,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.63,0:11:33.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a on ce nam omoguciti
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.94,0:11:36.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,strucne kontrole koje su nam potrebne
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.40,0:11:40.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kako bismo povezalo 10 ili vise organ cipova zajedno.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.57,0:11:42.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Radi jos nesto veoma vazno.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.80,0:11:45.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Posjeduje jednostavan interfejs za korisnike.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.64,0:11:48.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Histolog poput mene moze doci,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.63,0:11:50.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,staviti cip u kasetu
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.64,0:11:52.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,poput prototipa kojeg ovdje vidite
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.57,0:11:54.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,staviti kasetu u masinu
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.64,0:11:56.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kao sto biste vi stavili CD,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.13,0:11:57.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i to je to.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.26,0:12:00.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ukljuci i pokreni. Jednostavno.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.01,0:12:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A sada razmislimo malo
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.52,0:12:03.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kakva bi nam mogla biti buducnost
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.90,0:12:06.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kada bih mogla uzeti vase maticne celije
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.32,0:12:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i staviti ih na cip,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.76,0:12:10.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ili vase maticne celije i staviti ih na cip.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.97,0:12:14.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To bi bio presonalizovan cip samo za vas.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.48,0:12:17.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Svi smo mi ovdje individue,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.68,0:12:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a te individualne razlike znace
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.52,0:12:22.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,da bi mogli veoma razlicito reagovati
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.96,0:12:27.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a ponekade. i na ne predvidljiv nacin na lijekove.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.21,0:12:31.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Licno sma, prije nekoliko godina, imala veoma jake glavobolje,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.78,0:12:34.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kojih se nisam mogla rijesiti, pa sam odlucila iprobati nesto drugo.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.19,0:12:36.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Uzela sam ibuprofen. Petnaest minuta kasnije,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:36.33,0:12:38.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bila sam na putu za hitno pomoc
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.21,0:12:40.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sa napadom astme u punom zamahu.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.10,0:12:41.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ocigledno je da nije bila smrtonosna,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.93,0:12:45.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ali nazalost, neke od ovih
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.10,0:12:48.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nezeljenih reakcija na lijekove moze biti fatalna.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.71,0:12:50.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kako to mozemo sprijeciti?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.65,0:12:53.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mozemo zamisliti da cemo jednog dana
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.23,0:12:55.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,imati Geraldine na cipu,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.58,0:12:57.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,imati Danijelu na cipu,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.32,0:12:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,imati tebe na cipu.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.80,0:13:01.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Personalizovana medicina. Hvala vam.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.18,0:13:05.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Aplauz)