WEBVTT

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Video Stenford
Tibb Fakültəsindən

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həkim Mahadevan və Sal Xan

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tərəfindən

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hazırlanmışdır.

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Bu videoda onurğanın boyun şöbəsinin və

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boyun nahiyəsinin zədələnmələrindən
danışacağıq.

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Boyun yaralanmaları olan xəstələrə

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yanaşma prinsipindən və

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hava yolu açmaq lazım gəldikdə

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invaziv müdaxilələrin

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necə aparıldığından

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bəhs edəcəyik.

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Tənəffüs

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yollarında hansısa

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maneə olduqda

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müdaxilə edilməlidir.

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Çox hallarda tənəffüs yollarını

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bağlayan bu maneə

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dil olur. Maneə yarandıqda

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isə hava ağciyərlərə

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daxil ola bilmir,

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nəticədə,
ölüm baş verir.

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Huş itirildiyi zaman, dili
hərəkət etdirən

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əzələlər boşalır, dil udlağa

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tərəf istiqamətlənir. Nəticədə,

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tənəffüs yollarını

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bağlayır. Bu halda burundan
və ya ağızdan

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tənəffüs zamanı hava

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nəfəs borusuna, oradan da

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ağciyərlərə keçə bilmir.

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Yəni,

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insan huşunu itirib

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şəkildəki kimi

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yıxıldıqda tənəffüsü

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dayana, nəfəssiz

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qala bilər.

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Bu zaman o

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nəfəs almağa çalışsa da,

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ağciyərlərə kifayət qədər hava

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dola bilməyəcək. Burada

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ilk müdaxilə

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dilin yaratdığı maneəni

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aradan qaldırmaqdır.

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İlk iki şəkildə

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bunun təsvirini

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görürük. Birincidə

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başın geriyə, çənənin önə

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gətirildiyi

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vəziyyəti görürük. Xəstə
arxasıüstə yatır,

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müdaxilə edən şəxs isə
bir əlini onun alnına,

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digər əlini çənəsinə

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yerləşdirir. Başı

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arxaya, çənəni isə
çənə sümüyündən tutaraq önə

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çəkməklə dili tənəffüs
yollarından kənarlaşdırır.

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Nəticədə, hava ağciyərlərə

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daxil ola bilir.

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Qeyd edim ki,

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gördüyünüz bu şəkillər

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real xəstələrdən alınaraq

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illustrasiyaya

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çevrilmişdir.

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Mövzumuza

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geri

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qayıdaq.

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Əvvəldə

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danışdıqlarımıza

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əlavə

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edək ki,

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xəstədə

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onurğa sütununun

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yaralanması

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baş verərsə,

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boynu hərəkətə

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gətirmək və ya

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başı arxaya çəkmək

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zədələnməyə gətirib
çıxara bilər.

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Xəstənin boynu
döndərilsə və ya boyun

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nahiyəsinə təzyiq
göstərilsə, sümüklər

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yerdəyişmə edə bilər
və bu da daha ciddi zədələnmələrə

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səbəb ola bilər. Buna görə də
onurğanın boyun

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nahiyəsinin yaralanmaları zamanı
bu

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üsuldan istifadə

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olunmur.

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Sağ

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tərəfdəki

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metoda

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üstünlük verilir.

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Bu üsulda boyun nahiyəsinə daha az

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təzyiq göstərilir.

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Bu zaman

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sümüklərin

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yerdəyişmə

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ehtimalı

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daha az olur.

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Sağdakı

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şəkilə baxaq.

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Burada boyun yaralanması olan

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xəstədə çənəni itələmə

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manevri ilə dil tənəffüs

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yollarından uzaqlaşdırılır.

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Bu zaman

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çənə bucağı

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dörd barmaqla

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90 dərəcə bucaq altında

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tutularaq

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yuxarı

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çəkilir. Baş barmaqlarla

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çənə önə itələnir.

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Bu, birinci şəkildəki üsula

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oxşayır, ancaq

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birincidən fərqli

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olaraq, burada boyuna təzyiq

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göstərilmir. Beləliklə,

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çənəni hərəkətə gətirdikdə,
dil də önə

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çəkilir və

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tənəffüs
yollarında olan

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maneə aradan qalxır.

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