0:00:05.691,0:00:10.072 It's really important of course if you're playing a blues tune that you know how to start and how to finish, 0:00:10.072,0:00:15.227 and it's very often a cue that the lead guitar player will give as to weather he wants to do another round of 0:00:15.227,0:00:19.508 solos, or weather he wants to finish the song, so it's important that you learn a couple of phrases. 0:00:19.508,0:00:24.981 It's almost - if we go back to my "blues is like a language" analogy, it's important that you learn how 0:00:24.981,0:00:28.920 to say: "stop" and "keep going", so they are the two things that we are going to learn today. 0:00:28.920,0:00:37.929 Now, the actual licks that we use for intros and endings are often exactly the same, except for the chord we finish on. 0:00:37.929,0:00:43.926 Now if I just take a really, really basic, err, it's going to be the first intro and ending that we learn, 0:00:43.926,0:00:49.692 but have a listen to how the effect of the chord that I finish on changes weather it sounds like it's an ending, 0:00:49.692,0:00:53.010 or weather it's a repeating. One of the repeating ones first, it would sound like this. 0:00:53.010,0:00:56.346 . . . 0:00:56.346,0:01:01.577 You hear it wants to go - once you go to this - [br]well it's called the five chord, 0:01:01.577,0:01:10.263 which in this blues in the key of A is an E7 chord (strums), it wants to go back to (strums) A and start again. 0:01:10.263,0:01:15.489 . . . 0:01:15.489,0:01:19.351 It doesn't feel like - if I just finish there, it would sound a bit weird. 0:01:19.351,0:01:24.645 . . . 0:01:24.645,0:01:28.878 Like you want it to keep going, you can't stop there on that five chord, it sounds weird. 0:01:28.878,0:01:35.208 Whereas if instead of going to E7 at the end I go to A7 at the end of the lick - I'm going to use that little sidestep - 0:01:35.208,0:01:40.492 I'll explain that you in a sec. again - then I'm going to do it now to an A7 chord, and it sounds like it's finished. 0:01:40.492,0:01:44.112 You almost - you couldn't keep going even if you wanted to. 0:01:44.112,0:01:49.204 . . . 0:01:49.204,0:01:54.296 It's finished. You can't keep going after that, you just can't. You could not, yeah. 0:01:54.296,0:01:58.073 so the important thing to realize here is that an intro and an ending are the same thing - 0:01:58.073,0:02:02.808 an intro is also the thing you would use to kind of continue it if you like, 0:02:02.808,0:02:09.207 it's import to realize that the only thing that's changing between those is the chord that you finish on. 0:02:09.207,0:02:17.628 So in a blues in A, if you play an A chord at the end of your blues intro or ending, then it's going to finish it. 0:02:17.628,0:02:26.712 It's going to make it into an ending. If you finish with a five chord, which is the fifth chord in the key of A, which is E7, 0:02:26.712,0:02:32.493 then that's going to mean that the lick or the tune will continue and that you want to keep something going. 0:02:32.493,0:02:38.473 So, the five licks that we are going to be looking at - five intros and endings, 0:02:38.473,0:02:45.377 I'm going to play then for now as endings, just so you can hear what they sound like and then you know of course, 0:02:45.377,0:02:50.655 that if instead of finshing with the A7 you finished with an E7 that the lick would continue going - 0:02:50.655,0:02:56.791 it would make the tune want to keep on rolling. So, here we go - the first one, I already played it to you before, 0:02:56.791,0:02:59.370 but just have a listen to it again, is this one. 0:02:59.370,0:03:04.106 . . . 0:03:04.106,0:03:06.194 That's lick number 1. 0:03:06.194,0:03:08.942 Lick number 2 is this. 0:03:08.942,0:03:13.561 . . . 0:03:13.561,0:03:17.491 Again, played as an ending, that's a kind of a Robert Johnson style one. 0:03:17.491,0:03:22.507 We've got another - number 3 is kind of a variation, quite similar to number 1, 0:03:22.507,0:03:25.599 very common in kind of rockabilly and stuff, which is this. 0:03:25.599,0:03:30.445 . . . 0:03:30.445,0:03:37.442 Number 4 we've got is a really interesting one. It's in contrary motion, meaning one voice is going up, 0:03:37.442,0:03:40.194 . . . 0:03:40.194,0:03:42.625 and one voice goes down at the same time. 0:03:42.625,0:03:44.389 . . . 0:03:44.389,0:03:46.105 Put'em together. 0:03:46.105,0:03:49.150 . . . 0:03:49.150,0:03:51.434 Quite an interesting sound. 0:03:51.434,0:03:53.026 . . . 0:03:53.026,0:03:59.091 Again, I'm playing them all as endings, but you could use them for intros as well. 0:03:59.091,0:04:03.627 And the last one is the almighty classic - I wasn't going to include this, but I think it's so fun and everone should 0:04:03.627,0:04:06.094 learn how to do it, this is the. 0:04:06.094,0:04:09.926 . . . 0:04:09.926,0:04:12.440 Just because you need to know that one you know, 0:04:12.440,0:04:16.673 but it also works as a continuation if you leave off the last three notes, so if you go 0:04:16.673,0:04:21.827 . . . 0:04:21.827,0:04:27.836 And then you're off again, so it can actually work as a continuation lick as well, 0:04:27.836,0:04:34.019 or an intro lick, it doesn't have to be an ending, although the classic use of that lick is of course as an ending. 0:04:34.019,0:04:37.241 So let's get to a close-up now and run through these licks. 0:04:37.241,0:04:44.753 So here we go for lick 1 or intro/ending 1 we're starting with the third finger at the ninth fret, 0:04:44.753,0:04:49.441 and we're also putting the little finger down also in the ninth fret but on the thinnest string, 0:04:49.441,0:04:54.803 and you're going to pick third string, first string, third string, move it down one fret, do the same thing, 0:04:54.803,0:04:58.443 move it down one fret and do the same thing, so you get this 0:04:58.443,0:05:05.842 . . . 0:05:05.842,0:05:10.754 And we finish using a little bar with our first finger over the thinnest two strings, 0:05:10.754,0:05:16.574 second finger down on the sixth fret of the third string (strums). 0:05:16.574,0:05:26.060 . . . 0:05:26.060,0:05:33.012 Okay so here we go for lick number 2. This is a bit of a weird one some of you might find this a bit difficult. 0:05:33.012,0:05:40.653 Don't worry, it's just going to take practice. Second finger, fifth fret, fourth string. Third finger, fifth fret, second string. 0:05:40.653,0:05:47.588 Little finger underneath, fifth fret, thinnest string. Now the little finger is going to stay in the same place all the time. 0:05:47.588,0:05:52.659 You can play lots of different variations of this lick, so I'm just going to play each one once, 0:05:52.659,0:05:56.372 but you can play really lots of different rhythms. We start here with a pick (picks). 0:05:56.372,0:06:07.025 And we can move all of the fingers off except little finger, and put our first finger down as a bar (strums). 0:06:07.025,0:06:16.103 Then we move that bar back one fret (strums). And then back another fret (strums). 0:06:16.103,0:06:19.245 And again. 0:06:19.245,0:06:23.887 . . . 0:06:23.887,0:06:27.945 You can change the rhythm, you might go: 0:06:27.945,0:06:30.546 . . . 0:06:30.546,0:06:32.641 Or any of that sort of rhythm would work. 0:06:32.641,0:06:36.812 For those of you that haven't thought about it before: yes, you're going to have to use picking fingers here, 0:06:36.812,0:06:39.487 or finger style, you can't play that lick with a plectrum. 0:06:39.487,0:06:48.180 Okay, lick 3 is a pretty straight forward one, we've got this first finger at the fifth fret of the thinnest string. 0:06:48.180,0:06:53.508 That note is going to stay the same all the time, and the note on the second string is going to go from eigth fret, 0:06:53.508,0:07:00.071 seventh fret, sixth fret, and then we move the first finger over to create a little bar on the thinnest two strings. 0:07:00.071,0:07:05.257 You can either use your third finger like that, third finger, third finger, second finger and then the bar, 0:07:05.257,0:07:09.373 or four, three, two, bar - it doesn't really matter. 0:07:09.373,0:07:15.727 . . . 0:07:15.727,0:07:17.707 or: 0:07:17.707,0:07:23.707 . . . 0:07:23.707,0:07:27.011 Okay, here we are for lick 4. 0:07:27.011,0:07:33.136 Now lick 4 is this interesting contrary motion one where we have these notes here, starting on the second fret, going: 0:07:33.136,0:07:37.181 . . . 0:07:37.181,0:07:42.872 And we also have these notes here starting at the fifth fret on the fourth string: 0:07:42.872,0:07:45.355 . . . 0:07:45.355,0:07:47.699 And we play them at the same time. 0:07:47.699,0:07:49.779 Now, there's lots of different fingering options for this. 0:07:49.779,0:07:55.947 The fingering that I prefer for myself most of the time is using first finger and third finger first: 0:07:55.947,0:07:57.417 . . . 0:07:57.417,0:08:03.720 Sliding up with my first finger and putting my second finger down on the fourth string. 0:08:03.720,0:08:05.288 . . . 0:08:05.288,0:08:11.230 Then swapping to first and third or first and fourth depending on what mood I'm in: 0:08:11.230,0:08:12.632 . . . 0:08:12.632,0:08:19.013 Then sliding first finger back and fourth finger goes down on the second string: 0:08:19.013,0:08:19.822 . . . 0:08:19.822,0:08:21.731 So you end up with this: 0:08:21.731,0:08:27.980 . . . 0:08:27.980,0:08:36.037 Okay, lick number 5 here. This is a classic kind of ending thing which is almost funny, but it's very kind of generic, 0:08:36.037,0:08:38.066 you should at least know this one. 0:08:38.066,0:08:48.679 We're starting here, third finger, fifth fret, first finger, third fret, step it back, step it back again. 0:08:48.679,0:09:02.661 Open E string, first finger, second fret, third finger fourth fret, and then slide third finger up to the fifth fret. 0:09:02.661,0:09:05.099 So: 0:09:05.099,0:09:07.676 . . . 0:09:07.676,0:09:13.984 Okay the last thing that we need to [br]cover on this intros and ending, 0:09:13.984,0:09:19.621 I mentioned in the beginning is a thing called a side slide which is when you step to a chord from one fret below, 0:09:19.621,0:09:31.536 or one fret above. So, if we had an A7 chord (strums), we can step up to it (strums), or down to it (strums). 0:09:31.536,0:09:46.616 So if we took our first little intro lick that we had (plays), or we could step up to it (plays fowl), sorry, (plays). 0:09:46.616,0:09:53.751 And both them are functioning just as well as each other, it's just really stepping from above or from below.