[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.83,0:00:07.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[David Isenberg] I've asked Doc Searls and Isaac Wilder to come up and sit with Eben and continue the discussion.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.01,0:00:09.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eben Moglen. Thank You. [Applause]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.45,0:00:15.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] Thank you. it's a pleasure to be here, and to see so many friends.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.93,0:00:21.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm very grateful to David for the invitation, it's a privilege to be here.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.31,0:00:25.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to talk of mostly
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.18,0:00:33.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about a subject almost as geeky as the stuff we all talk about all the time,namely political economy.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.34,0:00:40.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to try and make it less snooze-worthy than it sometimes seems to be,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.59,0:00:50.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you'll forgive me I'm sure for starting fairly far from OpenSSL,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.26,0:00:52.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we'll get closer as time goes by.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.82,0:00:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The developed economies around the world, all of them now,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.80,0:01:06.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are beginning to experience a fundamentally similar and very depressing condition.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.44,0:01:20.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are required to impose austerity because levels of private debt have gummed up the works
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.20,0:01:27.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the determination of the owners of capital to take vast risks with other peoples money
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.28,0:01:31.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have worked out extremely badly for the last half decade.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.83,0:01:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so austerity is the inevitable and politically damaging position for all the governments in the developed world,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.55,0:01:46.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and some of those governments have begun to slip into a death spiral,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.83,0:01:54.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which the need to impose austerity and reduce public investment and welfare support for the young
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.63,0:02:03.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is harming economic growth, which prevents the austerity from having its desirable consequences.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.87,0:02:08.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of bad asset values being worked off and growth resuming,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.87,0:02:14.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are watching as the third largest economy in the world, the European Union,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.80,0:02:23.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,finds itself at the very verge of a currency collapse and a lost generation,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.07,0:02:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which would have a profoundly depressing effects on the entire global economy.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.41,0:02:32.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the policy-makers
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.34,0:02:38.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--I recognize that few of them are here, they have of course, better things to do than to listen to us--
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.71,0:02:45.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the policy-makers in other words, an overwhelming problem is now at hand,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.75,0:02:51.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how do we have innovation and economic growth under austerity?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.76,0:02:55.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They do not know the answer to this question
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.91,0:03:02.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it is becoming so urgent that it is beginning to deteriorate their political control.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.71,0:03:08.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Marginal parties in several very highly developed and thoughtful societies
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.81,0:03:12.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are beginning to attract substantial numbers of votes,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.48,0:03:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and threatening the very stability of the economic planners' capacity to solve,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.38,0:03:24.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to attempt to solve, the problem of innovation under austerity.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.63,0:03:27.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not good news for anybody.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.95,0:03:29.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not good for anybody.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.54,0:03:33.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have no opportunity to cheer for this outcome,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.43,0:03:40.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is largely the result of incompetence in those people who claim to be worth all that money because they're so smart,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.43,0:03:47.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is partly the result of the political cowardice that gave them too much room to swing their cats.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.69,0:03:55.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is not that we are glad to see this happen, but there is a silver lining to the cloud.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.55,0:04:02.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are very few people in the world who know how to have innovation under austerity.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.34,0:04:04.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are they.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.97,0:04:10.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have produced innovation under austerity for the last generation
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.53,0:04:13.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not only did we produce pretty good innovation
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.47,0:04:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've produced innovation that all the other smart rich people took most of the credit for.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.73,0:04:22.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of the growth that occurred
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.48,0:04:28.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during this wild and wacky period in which they took other people's money and went to the racetrack with it,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.17,0:04:30.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was with innovation we produced for them.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.83,0:04:38.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now, despite the really bad circumstances which we too can deplore,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.63,0:04:43.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the unemployment is my graduating law students, your children,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.25,0:04:52.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all those other young people whose lives are being harmed for good by current bad economic circumstances.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.17,0:04:58.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The people beginning their careers now will suffer substantial wage losses throughout their lifetimes.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.80,0:05:04.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their children will get a less good start in life because of what is happening now,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.05,0:05:06.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we cannot be pleased about this.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.00,0:05:11.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we have a very substantial political opportunity.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.60,0:05:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because we do have the answer
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.78,0:05:22.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the most important question pushing all the policy-makers in the developed world right now.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.65,0:05:29.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That means we have something very important to say and I came here this morning primarily
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.39,0:05:34.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to begin the discussion about precisely how we should say it.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.64,0:05:41.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I want to present a working first draft of our argument,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.84,0:05:46.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I say "our" because I look around the room and I see it's us here this morning.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.52,0:05:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our argument, about what to do with the quandary the world is in.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.15,0:05:59.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Innovation under austerity is not produced
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.12,0:06:05.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by collecting lots of money and paying it to innovation intermediaries.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.04,0:06:12.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the most important aspects of 21st century political economy
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.32,0:06:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that the process we call disintermediation,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.35,0:06:26.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we're begin jargony about it, is ruthless, consistent, and relentless.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.39,0:06:29.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Television is melting.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.55,0:06:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't need to tell you that, you know already.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.33,0:06:38.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody will ever try to create a commercial encyclopedia again.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.12,0:06:49.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Amazon's lousy little I-will-let-you-read-some-books-unless-I-decide-to-take-them-back machine
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.44,0:06:57.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is transforming publishing by eliminating the selective power of the book publishers,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.40,0:07:07.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,much as Mr. Jobs almost destroyed the entire global music industry under the pretense of saving it.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.98,0:07:14.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A task his ghost is already performing for the magazine publishers as you can see.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.99,0:07:20.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Disintermediation, the movement of power out of the middle of the net,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.16,0:07:26.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a crucial fact about 21st century political economy.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.60,0:07:29.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It proves itself all the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.65,0:07:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somebody's going to win a Nobel Prize in economics for describing in formal terms the nature of disintermediation.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.47,0:07:45.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The intermediaries who did well during the past 10 years, are limited to two sets:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.20,0:07:53.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,health insurers in the United States owing to political pathology, and the financial industry.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.17,0:08:01.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Health insurers in the United States may be able to capitalize on the continuing political pathology
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.15,0:08:06.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to remain failing and expensive intermediaries for a while longer.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.12,0:08:15.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the financial industry crapped in it's own nest and is shrinking now and will continue for some time to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.65,0:08:24.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The consequence of which is that throughout the economic system, as the policy-maker observes it,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.07,0:08:30.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the reality that disintermediation happens and you can't stop it
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.67,0:08:36.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,becomes a guiding light in the formation of national industrial policy.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.67,0:08:42.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we need to say it's true about innovation also.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.07,0:08:50.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The greatest technological innovation of the late 20th century is the thing we now call the World Wide Web.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.87,0:08:55.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An invention less than 8000 days old.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.24,0:09:06.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That invention is already transforming human society more rapidly than anything since the adoption of writing.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.32,0:09:10.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We will see more of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.40,0:09:18.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The nature of that process, that innovation, both fuels disintermediation,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.85,0:09:27.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by allowing all sorts of human contacts to occur without intermediaries, buyers, sellers, agents, and controllers.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.44,0:09:35.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And poses a platform in which a war over the depth and power of social control goes on,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.65,0:09:38.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a subject I'll come back to in a few minutes.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.49,0:09:45.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For now what I want to call attention to is the crucial fact that the World Wide Web is itself
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.72,0:09:49.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a result of disintermediated innovation.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.97,0:09:55.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What Tim first did at CERN was not the Web as we know it now,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.22,0:10:04.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Web as we know it now was made by the disintermediated innovation of an enormous number of individual people.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.09,0:10:11.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I look back on what I wrote about the future of personal homepages in 1995,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.44,0:10:17.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I see pretty much what I thought then would happen happening,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.81,0:10:25.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said then those few personal homepages are grass seed and a prairie is going to grow, and so it did.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.86,0:10:30.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, like all other innovation there were unintended consequences.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.56,0:10:36.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The browser made the Web very easy to read.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.66,0:10:41.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Though we built Apache, though we built the browsers,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.79,0:10:46.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,though we built enormous numbers of things on top of Apache and the browsers,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.78,0:10:50.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we did not make the Web easy to write.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.86,0:10:58.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So a little thug in a hooded sweatshirt made the Web easy to write,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.59,0:11:03.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and created a man in the middle attack on human civilization,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.38,0:11:05.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Little Laughs]
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.42,0:11:10.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is unrolling now to an enormous music of social harm.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.46,0:11:18.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that's the intermediary innovation that we should be concerned about.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.01,0:11:26.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We made everything possible including, regrettably, PHP,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.61,0:11:32.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then intermediaries for innovation turned it into the horror that is Facebook.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.19,0:11:41.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This will not turn out, as we can already see from the stock market result,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.48,0:11:45.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be a particularly favourable form of social innovation.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.43,0:11:48.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's going to enrich a few people.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.39,0:11:50.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The government of Abu Dhabi,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.69,0:11:53.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a Russian thug with a billion dollars already,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.99,0:11:59.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a guy who can't wait to change his citizenship so he doesn't have to pay taxes to support the public schools,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.02,0:12:04.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a few other relics of 20th century misbehavior.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.11,0:12:11.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the reality of the story underneath is,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.76,0:12:16.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we'd had a little bit more disintermediated innovation,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.51,0:12:21.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we had made running your own web-server very easy,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.20,0:12:27.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we had explained to people from the very beginning how important the logs are,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.88,0:12:31.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and why you shouldn't let other people keep them for you,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.71,0:12:35.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we would be in a rather different state right now.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.21,0:12:40.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The next Facebook should never happen.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.36,0:12:48.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's intermediated innovation serving the needs of financiers, not serving the needs of people.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.06,0:12:52.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which is not say that social networking shouldn't happen,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:52.44,0:12:56.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it shouldn't happen with a man in the middle attack built into it.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.23,0:13:01.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody in this room knows that, the question is how do we teach everybody else.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.16,0:13:09.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But as important as I consider everybody else to be right now, I want to talk about the policy-makers:
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.49,0:13:11.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how do we explain to them?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.51,0:13:17.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here we begin to divide the conversation into two important parts.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.56,0:13:23.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One, what do we know about how to achieve innovation under austerity?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.69,0:13:29.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two, what prevents governments from agreeing with us about that?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.19,0:13:36.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let me present first my first draft of the positive case for innovation under austerity,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.34,0:13:38.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's called "We Made The Cloud".
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.90,0:13:43.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody understands this in this room too.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.81,0:13:50.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The very point about what's happening to information technology in the world right now,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.48,0:13:55.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has to do with scaling up our late 20th century work.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.46,0:14:06.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We created the idea that we could share operating systems and all the rest of the commoditizable stack on top of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.10,0:14:11.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We did this using the curiosity of young people.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.66,0:14:15.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was the fuel, not venture capital.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.41,0:14:23.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We had been at it for 15 years, and our stuff was already running everywhere,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.19,0:14:32.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before venture capital or even industrial capital raised by IT giants came towards us.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:33.51,0:14:37.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It came towards us not because innovation needed to happen,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.79,0:14:39.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but because innovation had already happened,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.22,0:14:42.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they needed to monetize it.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.83,0:14:47.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was an extremely positive outcome, I have nothing bad to say about that.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.48,0:14:55.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the nature of that outcome, indeed the history as we lived it and as other can now study it,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.99,0:15:00.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will show how innovation under austerity occurred.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:01.79,0:15:06.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's all very well to say that it happened because we harnessed the curiosity of young people,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.95,0:15:09.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's historically correct.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.65,0:15:11.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there's more than that to say.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.32,0:15:17.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we need to say is that that curiosity of young people could be harnessed
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.32,0:15:24.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because all of the computing devices in ordinary day to day use were hackable.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:25.83,0:15:31.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so young people could actually hack on what everybody used.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:32.70,0:15:36.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That made it possible for innovation to occur,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:36.61,0:15:43.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where it can occur, without friction, which is at the bottom of the pyramid of capital.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:46.10,0:15:52.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is happening now elsewhere in the world as it happened in the United States in the 1980s.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.83,0:15:58.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hundreds of thousands of young people around the world hacking on laptops.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.41,0:16:02.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hacking on servers.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.18,0:16:10.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hacking on general purpose hardware available to allow them to scratch their individual itches,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.61,0:16:16.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technical, social, career, and just plain ludic itches.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.76,0:16:20.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I wanna do this it would be neat."
Dialogue: 0,0:16:21.30,0:16:27.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which is the primary source of the innovation which drove all
Dialogue: 0,0:16:28.40,0:16:35.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the world's great economic expansion in the last 10 years.All of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:36.41,0:16:39.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Trillions of dollars of electronic commerce.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:40.13,0:16:45.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those of you old enough to remember when fighting Public Key Encryption tooth and nail,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:45.77,0:16:48.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was the United States government's policy
Dialogue: 0,0:16:48.93,0:16:51.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will remember how hard they fought,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:51.70,0:16:59.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to prohibit 3.8 trillion dollars worth of electronic commerce from coming into existence in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:59.81,0:17:06.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were (supposedly) proponents of nuclear terrorism and pedophilia in the early 1990s,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:06.100,0:17:10.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all the money that they earned
Dialogue: 0,0:17:10.80,0:17:16.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in campaign donations and private equity profits and all the rest of it,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:16.88,0:17:21.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is owing to the globalization of commerce we made possible,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:21.45,0:17:26.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the technology they wanted to send our clients to jail for making.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:28.00,0:17:34.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That demonstrates neatly I think, to the next generation of policy-makers
Dialogue: 0,0:17:34.27,0:17:38.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how thoroughly their adherence to the received wisdom
Dialogue: 0,0:17:38.23,0:17:43.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is likely to contribute to the death spiral they now fear they're going to get into.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:44.22,0:17:51.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it should embolden us to point out once again that the way innovation really happens
Dialogue: 0,0:17:51.53,0:17:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that you provide young people with opportunities to create
Dialogue: 0,0:17:56.11,0:18:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on an infrastructure which allows them to hack the real world, and share the results.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.07,0:18:10.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When Richard Stallman wrote the call at the university in Suffolk??? for the universal encyclopedia,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:10.92,0:18:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he and Jimmy Wales and I were all much younger than we are now,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:15.38,0:18:17.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was (considered) a frivolous idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.30,0:18:23.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It has now transformed the life of every literate person in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:25.62,0:18:27.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it will continue to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:29.35,0:18:33.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The nature of the innovation established by Creative Commons,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:34.47,0:18:36.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the Free Software Movement,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.78,0:18:37.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by Free Culture,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:38.72,0:18:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is reflected in the Web in the Wikipedia,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:42.23,0:18:46.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in all the Free Software operating systems now running everything,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:47.56,0:18:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even the insides of all those locked-down vampiric Apple things I see around the room.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:55.33,0:19:01.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of that innovation comes from the simple process of letting the kids play and getting out of the way.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:02.98,0:19:09.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which, as you are aware, we are working as hard as we can to prevent now completely.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:10.92,0:19:17.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Increasingly, all around the world the actual computing artifacts of daily life
Dialogue: 0,0:19:17.07,0:19:21.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for human individual beings are being made so you can't hack them.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:23.46,0:19:29.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The computer science laboratory in every twelve year old's pocket is being locked-down.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:31.08,0:19:38.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we went through the anti-lockdown phase of the GPL 3 negotiations in the middle of last decade,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:38.99,0:19:45.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was somehow believed that the primary purpose for which Mr. Stallman and I were
Dialogue: 0,0:19:45.70,0:19:53.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,engaged in pressing everybody against lock-down had something to do with bootlegging movies.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:55.48,0:19:58.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we kept saying, this is not the Free Movie Foundation.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:59.89,0:20:01.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't care about that.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:01.87,0:20:07.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We care about protecting people's right to hack what they own.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:08.22,0:20:15.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the reason we care about it is, that if you prevent people from hacking on what they own themselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:15.62,0:20:22.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you will destroy the engine of innovation from which everybody is profiting.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:24.43,0:20:25.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's still true.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:26.62,0:20:34.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it is more important now precisely because very few people thought we were right then,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.17,0:20:38.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and didn't exert themselves to support that point of view,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:40.45,0:20:48.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and now you have Microsoft saying we won't allow third-party browsers on ARM-based Windows RT devices.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:49.39,0:20:51.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you have the ghost of Mr. Jobs
Dialogue: 0,0:20:51.42,0:20:57.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trying to figure out how to prevent even a free tool chain from existing in relation to iOS,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:58.99,0:21:03.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you have a world in which increasingly the goal of the network operators
Dialogue: 0,0:21:03.72,0:21:11.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to attach every young human being to a proprietary network platform with closed terminal equipment
Dialogue: 0,0:21:11.62,0:21:17.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that she can't learn from, can't study, can't understand, can't whet her teeth on,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:17.81,0:21:26.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can't do anything with except send text messages that cost a million times more than they ought to.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:29.37,0:21:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And most of the so-called innovation in the world, in our sector,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:34.54,0:21:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now goes into creating IT for network operators that improves no technology for users.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:43.19,0:21:46.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Telecomms innovation in the world has basically ceased.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:49.71,0:21:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it will not revive so long as it is impossible to harness the forms of innovation that really work under austerity.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:02.05,0:22:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This has a second-order consequence of enormous importance.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:06.37,0:22:10.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Innovation under austerity occurs in the first-order
Dialogue: 0,0:22:11.45,0:22:19.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the curiosity of young people is harnessed to the improvement of the actual circumstances of daily life.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:20.06,0:22:25.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second-order consequence is (that) populations becomes more educated.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:28.76,0:22:33.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Disintermediation is beginning to come to higher education in the United States,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:33.61,0:22:37.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which means it is beginning to come to higher education around the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:37.82,0:22:39.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We currently have two models.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:40.94,0:22:48.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Coursera, is essentially the googlization of higher education, spun-off from Stanford as a for-profit entity,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:49.32,0:22:53.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using closed software and proprietary educational resources.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:54.59,0:23:02.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,MITx, which has now edX through the formation of the coalition with Harvard University,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:02.32,0:23:04.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is essentially the free world answer.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:05.56,0:23:09.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Similar online scalable curriculum for higher education
Dialogue: 0,0:23:09.67,0:23:14.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,delivered over Free Software using free education resources.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:14.47,0:23:19.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have an enormous stake in the outcome of that competition.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:20.03,0:23:25.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it behooves all of us to put as much of our energy as we can
Dialogue: 0,0:23:25.56,0:23:34.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,behind the solutions which depend upon free courseware everybody can use, modify and redistribute,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:34.36,0:23:39.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and educational materials based on the same political economy.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:40.87,0:23:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every society currently trying to reclaim innovation
Dialogue: 0,0:23:45.72,0:23:53.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the purpose of restarting economic growth under conditions of austerity needs more education,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:53.77,0:23:57.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deliverable more widely at lower cost,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:57.39,0:24:04.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which shapes young minds more effectively to create new value in their societies.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:05.52,0:24:13.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This will not be accomplished without precisely the forms of social learning we pioneered.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:14.74,0:24:21.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We said from the beginning that Free Software is the world's most advanced technical educational system.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:21.88,0:24:29.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It allows anybody anywhere on earth, to get to the state of art in anything computers can be made to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:29.76,0:24:38.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by reading what is fully available and by experimenting with it, and sharing the consequences freely.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:38.58,0:24:40.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,True computer science.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:41.56,0:24:49.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Experimentation, hypothesis formation, more experimentation, more knowledge for the human race.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:50.51,0:24:55.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We needed to expand that into other areas of culture,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:55.26,0:25:01.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and great heroes like Jimmy Wales and Larry Lessig laid out infrastructure for that to occur,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:02.00,0:25:07.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we now need to get governments to understand how to push it further.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:10.44,0:25:15.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Information Society Directorate of the European Commission issued a report 18 months ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:16.32,0:25:22.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which they said that they could scan 1/6th of all the books in European libraries
Dialogue: 0,0:25:23.29,0:25:26.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the cost of 100 km of roadway.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:27.54,0:25:33.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That meant, and it is still true, that for the cost of 600 km of road,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:33.64,0:25:38.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in an economy that builds thousands of kilometers of roadway every year,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:38.03,0:25:45.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every book in all European libraries could be available to the entire human race, it should be done.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:45.46,0:25:49.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[shout of "Copyright" from audience]
Dialogue: 0,0:25:49.79,0:25:57.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remember that most of those books are in the public domain, before you shout copyright at me.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:00.26,0:26:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remember that the bulk of what constitutes human learning was not made recently,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:07.19,0:26:10.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before you shout the copyright at me.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:12.78,0:26:23.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We should move to a world in which all knowledge previously available before this lifetime is universally available.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:23.54,0:26:30.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we don't, we will stunt the innovation which permits further growth.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:30.73,0:26:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a social requirement.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:34.21,0:26:37.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The copyright bargain is not immutable.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:38.28,0:26:41.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is merely convenient.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:42.10,0:26:47.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We do not have to commit suicide culturally or intellectually
Dialogue: 0,0:26:47.25,0:26:53.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to maintain a bargain which does not even relevantly apply
Dialogue: 0,0:26:53.03,0:26:58.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to almost all of important human knowledge in most fields.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:59.01,0:27:02.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Plato is not owned by anybody.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:04.96,0:27:12.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here we are, asking ourselves what the educational systems of the 21st century will be like,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:13.66,0:27:19.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how they will socially distribute knowledge across the human race.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:19.54,0:27:21.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have a question for you.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:21.44,0:27:26.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many of the Einsteins who ever lived were allowed to learn physics?
Dialogue: 0,0:27:27.94,0:27:29.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A couple.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:30.12,0:27:34.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many of the Shakespeares who ever lived, lived and died without learning to read and write?
Dialogue: 0,0:27:35.71,0:27:37.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Almost all of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:38.28,0:27:41.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With 7 billion people in the world right now, 3 billion of them are children;
Dialogue: 0,0:27:42.50,0:27:44.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how many Einsteins do you want to throw away today?
Dialogue: 0,0:27:46.88,0:27:49.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The universalization of access to knowledge,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:49.53,0:27:56.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the single-most important force available for increasing innovation and human welfare on the planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:56.100,0:28:04.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody should be afraid to advocate for it because somebody might shout "copyright".
Dialogue: 0,0:28:07.40,0:28:10.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we are now looking at the second-order consequence
Dialogue: 0,0:28:11.08,0:28:15.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of an understanding of how to conduct innovation under austerity.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:15.92,0:28:21.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Expand access to the materials that create the ability to learn,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:22.16,0:28:30.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,adapt technology to permit the scientists below age 20 to conduct their experiments and share their results,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:31.49,0:28:38.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,permit the continuing growth of the information technology universe we created,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:39.78,0:28:43.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by sharing, over the last quarter century,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:44.45,0:28:52.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we'd begin to experience something like the higher rates of innovation available,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:52.86,0:28:59.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,despite massive decreases in social investment occurring because of austerity.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:01.62,0:29:07.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We also afford young people an opportunity to take their economic and professional destinies
Dialogue: 0,0:29:07.80,0:29:09.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more into their own hands,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:10.47,0:29:16.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an absolute requirement if we are to have social and political stability in the next generation.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:17.61,0:29:19.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody should be fooled
Dialogue: 0,0:29:20.43,0:29:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the prospects for social growth in societies where 50 percent of the people under 30 are unemployed.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:30.14,0:29:35.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not going to be resolved by giving them assembly line car-building jobs.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:36.38,0:29:37.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody sees that.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:38.80,0:29:44.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Governments are collectively throwing up their hands about what to do about the situation.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:45.40,0:29:51.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hence, the rapidity with which, in systems of proportional representation,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:51.65,0:29:55.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,young people are giving up on established political parties.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:56.64,0:30:03.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the Pirates can take 8.3% of the vote in Schleswig-Holstein,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:04.95,0:30:11.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is already clear that young people realize that established political policy-making
Dialogue: 0,0:30:11.38,0:30:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not going to be directed at their future economic welfare.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:17.12,0:30:25.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we need to listen, democratically, to the large number of young people around the world who insist
Dialogue: 0,0:30:25.20,0:30:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that internet freedom and an end to snooping and control
Dialogue: 0,0:30:29.32,0:30:35.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is necessary to their welfare and ability to create and live.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:36.67,0:30:43.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Disintermediation means there will be more service providers throughout the economy
Dialogue: 0,0:30:43.13,0:30:46.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with whom we are directly in touch.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:46.50,0:30:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That means more jobs outside hierarchies and fewer jobs inside hierarchies.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:54.13,0:30:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Young people around the world whether they are my law students about to get a law license,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:59.50,0:31:02.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or computer engineers about to begin their practices,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:02.58,0:31:06.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or artists, or musicians, or photographers,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:06.60,0:31:15.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,need more freedom in the net, and more tools with which to create innovative service delivery platforms for themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:16.69,0:31:23.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A challenge to which their elders would not have risen successfully in 1955,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:23.53,0:31:31.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we are new generation of human beings working under new circumstances, and those rules have changed.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:32.08,0:31:38.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They know the rules have changed. The indignados in every square in Spain know the rules have changed.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:40.86,0:31:42.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's their governments that don't know.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:46.45,0:31:53.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which brings us I will admit to back to this question of anonymity, or rather, personal autonomy.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:54.42,0:31:58.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the really problematic elements in teaching young people,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:58.42,0:32:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at least the young people I teach, about privacy,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:02.60,0:32:07.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we use the word privacy to mean several quite distinct things.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:09.08,0:32:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Privacy means secrecy, sometimes.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:12.43,0:32:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is to say, the content of a message is obscured to all but it's maker and intended recipient.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:20.75,0:32:23.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Privacy means anonymity, sometimes.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:23.57,0:32:31.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That means messages are not obscured, but the points generating and receiving those messages are obscured.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:33.22,0:32:38.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there is a third aspect of privacy which in my classroom I call autonomy.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:39.52,0:32:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is the opportunity to live a life in which the decisions that you make
Dialogue: 0,0:32:44.80,0:32:51.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are unaffected by others' access to secret or anonymous communications.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:54.50,0:33:00.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a reason that cities have always been engines of economic growth.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:02.10,0:33:05.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It isn't because bankers live there.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:06.36,0:33:10.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bankers live there because cities are engines of economic growth.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:11.52,0:33:16.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason cities have been engines of economic growth since Sumer,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:17.67,0:33:22.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that young people move to them, to make new ways of being.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:23.35,0:33:30.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Taking advantage of the fact that the city is where you escape the surveillance of the village,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:31.25,0:33:34.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the social control of the farm.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:35.35,0:33:39.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How you gonna keep them down on the farm after they've seen Paris?"
Dialogue: 0,0:33:39.90,0:33:47.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a fair question in 1919 and it had a lot do with the way the 20th century worked in the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:49.17,0:33:54.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The city is the historical system for the production of anonymity
Dialogue: 0,0:33:54.89,0:34:00.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the ability to experiment autonomously in ways of living.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:01.18,0:34:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are closing it.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:07.22,0:34:08.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:09.37,0:34:15.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to wit, at the beginning of 1995 we were having a debate at the Harvard Law School about Public Key Encryption.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:16.57,0:34:17.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two on two.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:18.26,0:34:22.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On one side Jamie Gorelick, then the Deputy Attorney General of the United States,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:22.57,0:34:24.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Stewart Baker, then as now
Dialogue: 0,0:34:24.59,0:34:30.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at Steptoe & Johnson when he isn't in the United States government making horrendous social policy.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:32.00,0:34:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the other side, Danny Weitzner, now in the White House, and me.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:36.80,0:34:42.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we spent the afternoon talking back and forth about whether we should have to escrow our
Dialogue: 0,0:34:42.39,0:34:44.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,keys with the United States government,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:44.65,0:34:48.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether the clipper chip was going to work and many other very interesting subjects
Dialogue: 0,0:34:48.37,0:34:50.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now as obsolete as Babylonia.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:52.05,0:34:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And after it was all over, we walked across the Harvard campus for dinner at the Harvard Faculty Club
Dialogue: 0,0:34:56.30,0:34:59.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and on the way across the campus Jamie Gorelick said to me:
Dialogue: 0,0:34:59.24,0:35:03.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Eben, on the basis of nothing more than your public statements this afternoon
Dialogue: 0,0:35:03.60,0:35:07.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have enough to order the interception of your telephone conversations."
Dialogue: 0,0:35:08.32,0:35:10.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1995 that was a joke.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:11.07,0:35:16.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was a joke in bad taste when told to a citizen by an official of the United States Justice Department,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:16.79,0:35:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it was a joke,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:17.98,0:35:21.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we all laughed because everybody knew you couldn't do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:23.40,0:35:24.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we ate our dinner,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:25.60,0:35:30.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the table got cleared and all the plates went away, and the port and walnuts got scattered around, and
Dialogue: 0,0:35:31.02,0:35:34.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stewart Baker looked up and said "alright, we'll let our hair down",
Dialogue: 0,0:35:34.94,0:35:36.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he had none then and he has none now,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:36.37,0:35:38.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but "we'll let our hair down" Stewart said,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:39.10,0:35:41.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"we're not going to prosecute your client Mr Zimmerman.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:42.56,0:35:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've spent decades in a holding action against Public Key Encryption
Dialogue: 0,0:35:47.21,0:35:51.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's worked pretty well but it's almost over now, we're gonna let it happen."
Dialogue: 0,0:35:52.84,0:35:54.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then he looked around the table and he said,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:55.57,0:35:58.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"but nobody here cares about anonymity do they?"
Dialogue: 0,0:35:59.45,0:36:01.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And a cold chill went up my spine.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:02.37,0:36:04.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I thought, "OK, Stewart, I understand how it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:05.22,0:36:09.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're going to let there be Public Key Encryption because the bankers are going to need it.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:09.84,0:36:14.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you're going to spend the next 20 years trying to stop people from being anonymous ever again,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:14.80,0:36:17.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm going to spend those 20 years trying to stop you."
Dialogue: 0,0:36:18.64,0:36:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So far I must say from my friend Mr. Baker has been doing better than I had hoped,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:24.16,0:36:27.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I have been doing even worse than I had feared.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:27.88,0:36:31.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Partly because of the thug in a hoodie, and partly for other reasons.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:32.77,0:36:37.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are on the verge of the elimination of the human right to be alone.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:38.37,0:36:41.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are on the verge of the elimination of the human right to do your own thinking,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:41.96,0:36:45.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in your own place, in your own way without anybody knowing.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:47.71,0:36:50.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somebody in this room just proved a couple of minutes ago
Dialogue: 0,0:36:50.39,0:36:56.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that if he shops at a particular web-store using one browser, he gets a different price than on the other.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:56.81,0:36:59.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because one of the browsers is linked to his browsing history.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:00.72,0:37:06.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prices, offers, commodities, opportunities,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:08.31,0:37:13.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are now being based upon the data mining of everything.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:14.78,0:37:20.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A senior government official in this government said to me after the United States changed its rules
Dialogue: 0,0:37:20.49,0:37:25.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about how long they keep information on everybody about whom nothing is suspected
Dialogue: 0,0:37:25.32,0:37:27.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- you all do know about that right?
Dialogue: 0,0:37:27.81,0:37:32.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rainy Wednesday on the 21st of March, long after the close of business,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:33.06,0:37:37.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Department of Justice and the DNI, that's the Director of National Intelligence,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:37.36,0:37:42.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,put out a joint press release announcing minor changes in the Ashcroft rules,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:43.33,0:37:49.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including a minor change that says that all personally identifiable information in government databases
Dialogue: 0,0:37:49.06,0:37:57.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the National Center for Counter-Terrorism that are based around people of whom nothing is suspected,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:57.79,0:38:03.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will no longer be retained as under the Ashcroft rules for a maximum of 180 days,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:03.91,0:38:09.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the maximum has now been changed to 5 years, which is infinity.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:10.28,0:38:12.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact I told my students in my classroom,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:12.34,0:38:16.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the only reason they said 5 years was they couldn't get the sideways eight into the font [Laughs]
Dialogue: 0,0:38:16.79,0:38:20.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the press release,so they used an approximation.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:22.24,0:38:26.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I was talking to a senior official of this government about that outcome
Dialogue: 0,0:38:26.04,0:38:32.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he said well you know we've come to realize that we need a robust social graph of the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:33.87,0:38:37.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's how we're going to connect new information to old information.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:38.96,0:38:43.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said let's just talk about the constitutional implications of this for a moment.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:44.31,0:38:48.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're talking about taking us from the society we have always known,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:48.81,0:38:51.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which we quaintly refer to as a free society,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:52.31,0:38:57.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to a society in which the United States government keeps a list of everybody every American knows.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:58.91,0:39:02.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you're going to take us from what we used to call a free society
Dialogue: 0,0:39:02.39,0:39:09.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to a society in which the US government keeps a list of everybody every American knows,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:10.13,0:39:12.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what should be the constitutional procedure for doing this?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:13.44,0:39:16.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Should we have, for example, a law?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:17.61,0:39:18.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He just laughed.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:19.89,0:39:21.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because of course they didn't need a law.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:22.31,0:39:26.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They did it with a press release on a rainy Wednesday night after everybody went home,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:26.86,0:39:28.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you live there now.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:30.79,0:39:37.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whether it is possible to have innovation under conditions of complete despotism
Dialogue: 0,0:39:37.90,0:39:39.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is an interesting question.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:40.73,0:39:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right-wing Americans or maybe even center-right Americans,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:45.98,0:39:51.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have long insisted that one of the problems with 20th century totalitarianism,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:51.64,0:39:54.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from which they legitimately distinguish themselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:55.02,0:40:00.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was that it eliminated the possibility of what they call free markets and innovation.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:00.99,0:40:03.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're about to test whether they were right.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:05.84,0:40:13.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The network, as it stands now, is an extraordinary platform for enhanced social control.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:14.49,0:40:19.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very rapidly, and with no apparent remorse,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:20.04,0:40:27.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the two largest governments on earth, that of the United States of America and the People's Republic of China
Dialogue: 0,0:40:27.11,0:40:30.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have adopted essentially identical points of view.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:30.58,0:40:34.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Clapping]
Dialogue: 0,0:40:34.29,0:40:39.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A robust social graph connecting government to everybody
Dialogue: 0,0:40:39.01,0:40:46.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the exhaustive data mining of society is both governments fundamental policy
Dialogue: 0,0:40:47.03,0:40:55.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with respect to their different forms of what they both refer to, or think of, as stability maintenance.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:57.24,0:41:02.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is true of course that they have different theories of how to maintain stability for whom and why,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:02.39,0:41:08.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the technology of stability maintenance is becoming essentially identical.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:09.83,0:41:14.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need, we, who understand what is happening, need,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:14.16,0:41:16.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be very vocal about that.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:18.98,0:41:22.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it isn't just our civil liberties that are at stake,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:22.26,0:41:26.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I shouldn't need to say that, that should be enough, but of course it isn't.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:28.41,0:41:36.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to make clear that the other part of what that costs us is the very vitality and vibrancy
Dialogue: 0,0:41:36.71,0:41:39.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of invention culture and discourse,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:40.41,0:41:44.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that wide open robust and uninhibited public debate
Dialogue: 0,0:41:44.61,0:41:49.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the Supreme Court so loved in New York Times against Sullivan.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:50.21,0:41:56.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that freedom to tinker, to invent, to be different, to be non-conformist
Dialogue: 0,0:41:56.71,0:42:02.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for which people have always moved to the cities that gave them anonymity,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:02.82,0:42:07.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a chance to experiment with who they are, and what they can do.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:08.90,0:42:18.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This more than anything else, is what sustains social vitality and economic growth in the 21st century.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:19.91,0:42:23.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course we need anonymity for other reasons.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:24.65,0:42:30.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course we are persuing something that might be appropriately described
Dialogue: 0,0:42:30.38,0:42:33.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as protection for the integrity of the human soul.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:35.60,0:42:37.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that's not government's concern.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:38.51,0:42:45.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is precisely the glory of the way we understand civil society that that is not government's concern.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:45.74,0:42:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is precisely our commitment to the idea of the individual's development at her own pace,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:54.08,0:42:55.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in her own way,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:56.03,0:43:02.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that has been the centerpiece of what we understood to be our society's fundamental commitment
Dialogue: 0,0:43:02.30,0:43:07.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that means that the protection for the integrity of the human soul is our business,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:07.07,0:43:08.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not the government's business.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:10.72,0:43:14.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But government must attend to the material welfare of its citizens
Dialogue: 0,0:43:14.72,0:43:19.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it must attend to the long run good of the society they manage.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:20.27,0:43:24.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we must be clear to government that there is no tension
Dialogue: 0,0:43:24.58,0:43:30.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between the maintenance of civil liberty in the form of the right to be let alone,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:30.95,0:43:36.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is no distinction between the civil liberty policy of assuring the right to be let alone,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:36.88,0:43:41.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the economic policy of securing innovation under austerity.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:41.70,0:43:44.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They require the same thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:44.71,0:43:46.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need Free Software,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:47.02,0:43:49.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need Free Hardware we can hack on,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:49.55,0:43:56.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need Free Spectrum we can use to communicate with one another,without let or hindrance.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:57.00,0:44:04.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to be able to educate and provide access to educational material to everyone on earth
Dialogue: 0,0:44:04.44,0:44:07.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without regard to the ability to pay.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:08.20,0:44:17.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to provide a pathway to an independent economic and intellectual life, for every young person.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:18.68,0:44:21.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The technology we need, we have.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:23.15,0:44:29.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have spent some time and many people in this room, including Isaac have spent more time now,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:29.29,0:44:39.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trying to make use of cheap, power efficient compact server computers, the size of AC chargers for mobile phones,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:40.66,0:44:47.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which with the right software we can use to populate the net with robots that respect privacy,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:48.84,0:44:54.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of the robots that disrespect privacy which we now carry in almost every pocket.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:56.85,0:45:05.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to retrofit the first law of robotics into this society within the next few minutes or we're cooked.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:07.06,0:45:10.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can do that. That's civil innovation.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:11.67,0:45:19.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can help to continue the long lifetime of general purpose computers everybody can hack on.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:19.80,0:45:24.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By using them, by needing them, by spreading them around.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:25.15,0:45:32.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can use our own force as consumers and technologists to deprecate
Dialogue: 0,0:45:32.05,0:45:35.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,closed networks and locked-down objects,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:37.05,0:45:44.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but without clear guidance in public policy we will remain a tiny minority,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:45.65,0:45:48.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,8.3% let's say.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:49.90,0:45:58.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which will not be sufficient to lift us out of the slough into which the bankers have driven us.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:00.62,0:46:04.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Innovation under austerity is our battle-cry.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:05.37,0:46:11.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not a battle-cry for the things we most care about, but the ones the other people most care about.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:11.07,0:46:15.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our entrée to social policy for the next five years,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:15.49,0:46:20.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our last chance to do in government
Dialogue: 0,0:46:20.75,0:46:26.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we have not been able to do by attempting to preserve our mere liberties.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:26.84,0:46:33.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which have been shamefully abused by our friends in government as well as by our adversaries.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:34.36,0:46:39.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have been taken to the cleaners with respect to our rights,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:39.02,0:46:42.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we have been taken to the cleaners with respect to everybody's money.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:43.46,0:46:48.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wish that I could say that the easiest thing to do was going to be to get our freedoms back,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:48.77,0:46:49.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it isn't.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:50.19,0:46:56.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody will run in the election this year on the basis of the restoration of our civil liberties.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:56.73,0:47:00.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they will all talk about austerity and growth.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:01.22,0:47:04.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we must bring our message where they are.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:06.48,0:47:07.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's my first draft.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:08.74,0:47:13.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Inadequate in every way, but at least a place to start.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:14.24,0:47:15.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if we have no place to start,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:17.59,0:47:18.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will lose.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:19.42,0:47:21.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And our loss will be long.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:22.32,0:47:24.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the night will be very dark.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:25.18,0:47:26.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:26.44,0:47:57.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Applause]
Dialogue: 0,0:47:57.44,0:48:00.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you that's very kind of you, now let's talk about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:00.58,0:48:01.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:48:28.58,0:48:30.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Oh, yeah I'll I,m sorry]
Dialogue: 0,0:48:30.43,0:48:34.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Some Murmuring]
Dialogue: 0,0:48:35.91,0:48:36.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Ok Thank you]
Dialogue: 0,0:48:43.82,0:48:45.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ahh we should begin,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:45.36,0:48:46.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:48.40,0:48:51.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not yet... Aha, that on.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:51.07,0:48:55.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Doc Searls]I'd like to begin this because, I hope I speak for a lot of the people here.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:55.72,0:49:00.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was not just one of the best speeches that I have ever heard,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:01.09,0:49:02.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's one of the most important.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:04.01,0:49:08.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it won't be unless we follow up on it,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:08.51,0:49:09.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we act on it.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:10.21,0:49:14.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I felt like... actually Elliot that sitted next to be to says he felt like
Dialogue: 0,0:49:14.19,0:49:17.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is an I Have a Dream speech and I think that's what it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:17.79,0:49:20.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I think Eben ended it with the nightmare.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:21.62,0:49:25.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you weren't moved by the speech your frog is boiled.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:26.72,0:49:29.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think our frogs have been boiling for a long time.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:29.96,0:49:36.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I along with everybody else we aquiesce to prevailing conditions, whatever those happen to be.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:37.05,0:49:42.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they have gradually worsened over time, and in ways that we don't fully understand,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:42.91,0:49:45.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our lives are busy so we go about what we have to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:46.82,0:49:48.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what I want to do is
Dialogue: 0,0:49:48.99,0:49:55.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,test this audience with participating with the Free Everything Movement
Dialogue: 0,0:49:55.29,0:49:59.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Eben has laid out for us, now.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:59.01,0:50:05.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I don't see that just as a Q&A session but as all of use freely contributing
Dialogue: 0,0:50:05.01,0:50:10.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the framework that Eben has laid out, and that we've been part of for a long time.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:10.78,0:50:14.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I love the way he included us in this. This is --
Dialogue: 0,0:50:14.14,0:50:15.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is natural selection here.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:15.84,0:50:18.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a select group.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:18.68,0:50:22.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,David has done an amazing job of pulling in the right people together.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:22.24,0:50:25.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The name of this event begins with Freedom,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:25.44,0:50:27.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think that needs to be our end as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:27.91,0:50:32.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So... and I have nothing more to add to such a fabulous talk.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:33.29,0:50:35.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Isaac Wilder] Eben I would like to ask you a question.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:37.08,0:50:42.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I see a tension between Freedom and Conveinience.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:43.11,0:50:50.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I wonder how you see that tension playing out?
Dialogue: 0,0:50:51.24,0:51:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think you urged us to focus on innovation but I wonder if....
Dialogue: 0,0:51:03.08,0:51:12.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think that does -- that's compelling to this audience, perhaps the policy makers,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:13.59,0:51:19.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but, to the average user, convenience is an issue.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:19.76,0:51:21.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] Yeah, it's true,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:21.94,0:51:29.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is not only the relation between technology and society, it's true about lots of other things as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:32.38,0:51:40.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The constitutional theorist Bruce Ackerman wrote a lengthy multi-volume history of the Constitution in the US,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:40.68,0:51:48.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the basic premise that most of the time, most people don't want to engage in
Dialogue: 0,0:51:48.24,0:51:51.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deep thinking about politics and society.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:51.16,0:51:57.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It only happens very occasionally, and the Founders of the American Republic, Bruce said,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:57.04,0:52:02.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tried in the Federalist structure to take advantage of those occasional moments,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:02.99,0:52:05.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when people want to pay attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:05.78,0:52:12.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But here again, and I focus on this because the demographics are so important,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:12.84,0:52:17.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that sense, of convenience being more important than other values,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:17.83,0:52:21.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,moment by moment is more true of grown-ups than it is for children.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:22.98,0:52:26.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I go all around the world, I talk to goverments about all sorts of things
Dialogue: 0,0:52:26.20,0:52:29.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,connected with technology of 21st century society,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:29.53,0:52:34.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I hear from people, from presidents to ministers, to local planning commitees,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:34.76,0:52:40.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all sorts of stories about the terrible social problems their cultures and communities face.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:40.24,0:52:44.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I find my self often saying "Yes, you're right. This is a really really horrible problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:44.90,0:52:49.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's extraordinary difficult and it requiress immense amounts of energy to deal with.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:49.41,0:52:53.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You need the strongest social force possible to deal with this.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:53.51,0:52:58.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the strongest social force ever, available, anywhere is the curiosity of children.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:58.98,0:53:00.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You need to harness it."
Dialogue: 0,0:53:00.93,0:53:06.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have actually both lessons. The thing you call a tension, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:53:06.03,0:53:08.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a tension indeed.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:08.14,0:53:14.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because it is true that grown ups in their busy lives find themselves willing to do anything that works,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:14.68,0:53:17.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if you hand them a box with an F-Button on it they'll push it,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:18.26,0:53:23.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether it costs them or not, and whether it connects them a great big
Dialogue: 0,0:53:23.30,0:53:26.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,man-in-the-middle-attack on their social lives or not,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:26.11,0:53:29.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or whether their friends are ratting them out of the weekends to their employers,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:29.45,0:53:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they pay very little attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:31.22,0:53:32.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's now.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:33.18,0:53:36.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But you give a thing to an 8-year-old and it's not like that anymore.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:36.61,0:53:38.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's got plenty of time.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:38.41,0:53:41.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You give a 12-year-old a thing like that and she's ready to take it apart.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:41.90,0:53:44.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's not thinking about convenience, she's thinking about learning.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:45.12,0:53:46.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's doing science.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:47.20,0:53:48.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's playing around.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:49.36,0:53:54.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I have seen in more places in the world that I can think to name,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:54.25,0:53:59.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that force of those children, fooling around with computers and doing amazing things.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:59.87,0:54:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see it everywhere you'd go.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:02.32,0:54:04.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I believe the tension is there.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:04.65,0:54:10.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe usability is a crucial problem in building tools for privacy in Freedom.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:10.14,0:54:14.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FreedomBox, the stack of software we need to make for all those little objects in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:14.82,0:54:20.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know this even better than I do, it's partly about function, but it's mostly about integration and usability.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:20.74,0:54:25.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've done all the hard work. My laptop, your laptop, we're pretty safe.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:25.24,0:54:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The problem is how do we make this work for real people with real, busy, daily lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:30.00,0:54:32.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the tension's there but the answer's there too.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:32.53,0:54:34.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to empower children.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:34.60,0:54:40.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And part of what is wrong with the technology is the extent to which they are becoming not inventors but consumers.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:40.79,0:54:43.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If that process is completed, we really are sunk.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:46.20,0:54:49.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Doc Searls] Why don't we go back and forth with both sides over here, first .
Dialogue: 0,0:54:49.39,0:54:50.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Michael Nelson] Mike Nelson of Georgetown University.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:51.72,0:54:54.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have at least 15 different questions that I'd like to ask you,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:54.64,0:54:57.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starting with encryptions as I was\N[Eben Moglen]I remember...
Dialogue: 0,0:54:57.74,0:55:00.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Michael Nelson] Stuart Baker's best friend, from the White House.\N[Eben Moglen] Yeah Yeah
Dialogue: 0,0:55:01.01,0:55:05.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It made things very hard for me, Mike, I'm really glad it's not true anymore. It's isn't true anymore, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:05.79,0:55:06.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:55:07.12,0:55:09.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Michael Nelson] I would like to urge you to run for Congress,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:09.39,0:55:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,preferably by moving to Palm Springs and running against Mary Bono Mack,\N
Dialogue: 0,0:55:15.14,0:55:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] [laughs] I don't think they would like me in Palm Springs, much.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:18.19,0:55:21.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Doc Searls] But the thing I hope you'll do after that speech,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:21.42,0:55:27.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I agree is sort of like the I Have a Dream speech, is to actually engage your critics.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:27.12,0:55:31.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean the speech is great, and the YouTube video would be seen by thousands of people,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:31.74,0:55:33.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mostly your friends and supporters.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:33.94,0:55:35.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think you need to engage your critics.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:35.65,0:55:41.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we need something like the federalists papers, where we have the two big questions debated from both sides,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:41.67,0:55:46.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we get both parties -- both viewpoints expressed.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:46.45,0:55:49.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I would like to ask one quick, very specific question.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:50.06,0:55:52.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because I really think the first part of your speech
Dialogue: 0,0:55:52.32,0:55:58.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about general purpose computing and user-centric computing is really where we have to start.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:58.67,0:56:01.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I would like to have your assessment , and anyone else's assessment,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:01.92,0:56:08.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as to why Nicholas Negroponte in the One Laptop Per Child which was based on the same principles...
Dialogue: 0,0:56:08.51,0:56:14.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,empowering the children, building open source, creating things from the ground up, why that didn't happen?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:14.95,0:56:19.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even though tens of millions of dollars were invested and lots of people bought it.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:20.04,0:56:24.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why didn't that... what was missing there? And how can we not have the same problem this time around?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:24.92,0:56:28.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] Yeah, well, Nick has been my best friend too sometimes, um,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:28.59,0:56:31.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which makes it a little hard to answer the question.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:32.06,0:56:36.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hardware is difficult, right? And software is easy.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:36.18,0:56:39.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why the FreedomBox isn't a box, it's just some software,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:39.48,0:56:44.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we can make it better, quicker, cheaper and we don't have to bite off all the problems.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:46.26,0:56:49.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two things happened as a consequence of One Laptop Per Child.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:49.39,0:56:53.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The IT industry around the world realized that there was a thing that was better
Dialogue: 0,0:56:53.11,0:56:56.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make the laptops with a higher profit margin and they started making them.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:56.73,0:57:02.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Nick in fact proved my point on that side pretty well., no failure there.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:02.28,0:57:05.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He conducted innovation with tiny amounts of money,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:05.19,0:57:11.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which capitalism in its biggest globules wasn't going to get to because it was too risk averse to try.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:11.82,0:57:17.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, in one sense it panned out, it's just that it panned out as more products for consumers.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:17.33,0:57:23.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second thing is that Nick tried to do something really really important with mesh networking,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:23.59,0:57:27.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was as another friend of ours very close to the thing said:
Dialogue: 0,0:57:27.61,0:57:29.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was a wonderful failed experiment..
Dialogue: 0,0:57:30.19,0:57:31.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It didn't work.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:31.38,0:57:36.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It worked great in the lab but it didn't work real well in Montevideo and it worked even less well in Peru,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:36.72,0:57:39.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and after a while everybody went back to:
Dialogue: 0,0:57:39.26,0:57:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, let's have a classroom server and use Wi-Fi.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:42.43,0:57:49.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this -- and this is the part of the thing that I was really trying to talk about in the big broad general way, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:57:49.98,0:57:50.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need mesh.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:51.71,0:57:58.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need a way of doing communication which is not based around operater-centric architecture.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:58.38,0:58:00.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is the FCC going to do that for us? No.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:00.91,0:58:06.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You want to engage my critics. They were bought decades ago, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:58:06.08,0:58:12.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now we are in a situation in which if there is one man in this room, Dwayne Hendricks,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:12.59,0:58:16.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is one man in this room who might help us to figure out what we're gonna do about this.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:16.84,0:58:22.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We must have build-it-yourself networking that really works.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:22.03,0:58:24.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nick was a visionary and he tried.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:24.68,0:58:29.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if it had been ready then, we would be living in a different world now.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:30.05,0:58:31.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it wasn't.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:31.26,0:58:36.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that's technical failure of an honorable and important kind.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:36.28,0:58:42.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think he conducted a vast innovative experiment and succeeded beyond his wildest dreams,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:42.43,0:58:45.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the other guys ran away with the profits as usual,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:46.31,0:58:48.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the one peace we really really needed
Dialogue: 0,0:58:48.90,0:58:54.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which was communications technology that deprives the centralized network operator of power,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:54.91,0:58:56.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we weren't ready for .
Dialogue: 0,0:58:56.45,0:59:00.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now we have more closed network than open network,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:00.16,0:59:06.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more people using proprietary closed forms of somewhat like the Internet,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:06.28,0:59:07.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the Internet itself,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:08.28,0:59:11.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we've lost big in that process.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:11.60,0:59:14.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now it's a harder thing to deal with.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:14.43,0:59:15.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't....
Dialogue: 0,0:59:16.33,0:59:19.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have the feeling, as in some any other ways in life,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:19.21,0:59:21.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I've been guided by my friend Lary Lessig,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:22.18,0:59:24.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,running for Congress is what I'm not going to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:24.55,0:59:25.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:59:25.41,0:59:30.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you have another suggestion about how to engage critics, Mike?
Dialogue: 0,0:59:30.41,0:59:34.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would love to take one. But that's not one that I wanna take.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:34.04,0:59:36.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Michael Nelson] No, the Federalists papers analogy was a serious one.\N[Eben Moglen]Allright.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:37.39,0:59:42.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Michael Nelson] It means something every week. With a critic who will point out your fallacies so you could point out their fallacies.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:42.19,0:59:46.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] Alright. Let's do it. Let's find the ones who want to engage.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:46.31,0:59:51.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Doc Searls] We have 27 minutes left, so try to make it quick. It's not much time.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:51.96,0:59:56.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Audience member] My question would be, what do you mean by this wallwart that could serve as a server?
Dialogue: 0,0:59:56.40,0:59:59.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And how close are we to the hardware? Why do you want to have it?
Dialogue: 0,0:59:59.73,1:00:05.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me preface the question by saying that, in order to do the Onion router,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:06.48,1:00:09.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you need to be able to have your own server.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:09.75,1:00:14.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In order to do anonymization you need to have your own server ability.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:14.47,1:00:21.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In order to build an network of our own within the network that is increasingly out of our control,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:21.46,1:00:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to be able to upload and download from our own servers.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:25.86,1:00:31.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I often wonder if the amount of energy being put into
Dialogue: 0,1:00:31.88,1:00:39.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prevention of file sharing out of all proportion to the economic value of any copyright infridgement that's going on,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:39.78,1:00:47.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a sign that those in power understand that they must stop our ability to be our own nodes.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:47.33,1:00:49.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is that resonant with you? Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:49.90,1:00:52.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] Why don't you talk about this
Dialogue: 0,1:00:52.14,1:00:55.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Isaac Wilder] So, there are two things in play here.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:55.73,1:00:58.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's logical peer to peer, overlay networks,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:59.36,1:01:04.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there is what we call material peer to peer, physical material networks.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:04.85,1:01:08.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there is a complex interplay between those forces.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:09.01,1:01:16.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the FreedomBox tends to be a tool that participates in that logical network,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:17.06,1:01:20.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no matter what its connection to Internet is,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:20.80,1:01:25.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and can serve as a seed of a material physical network.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:25.78,1:01:29.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now your question was, how close are we? What needs to be done?
Dialogue: 0,1:01:29.76,1:01:34.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As Eben said, the basic tools are there.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:34.92,1:01:36.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We know how to build overlay networks.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:36.82,1:01:44.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's been incredible advances over the last decade in distributed computational systems.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:45.70,1:01:53.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's there. It really at this point is a matter of integrating those tools in a way that makes them usable.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:53.78,1:01:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, as developers, that's something, we are not always great at.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:00.05,1:02:09.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's certainly tractable, and we are at the point where these pieces just need to be fit together.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:10.08,1:02:17.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The hardware is in production, and the software is in
Dialogue: 0,1:02:18.17,1:02:22.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not quite alpha stage, I guess you would say, but there are building blocks there.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:22.73,1:02:26.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen]The world is gonna fill up over there in the next 6 or 7 years
Dialogue: 0,1:02:26.58,1:02:30.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with small, very inexpensive, very powerful servers,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:30.93,1:02:36.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are based around ARM chips and fit in a thing that fits in your hand,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:36.03,1:02:41.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and uses small amounts of power that you could really run of a battery array.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:41.84,1:02:50.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The FreedomBox project, which we started talking about in early 2010 and got serious about in early 2011,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:50.67,1:02:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is basically a pro-privacy router stack based on Debian
Dialogue: 0,1:02:56.19,1:02:59.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that fits in servers like that.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:59.60,1:03:02.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,James Vasile of the Open Internet Tools Project,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:02.71,1:03:06.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who used to work for me at Software Freedom Law Center, and who just left the room,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:06.11,1:03:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has one with him this morning he told me.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:09.81,1:03:13.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isaac and hundreds of other, really good people around the world,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:13.53,1:03:17.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including Jacob Appelbaum of Tor, are working on FreedomBox.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:17.63,1:03:21.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Tor project would be developing on FreedomBox stack in future.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:23.02,1:03:30.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our goal is to put a small cheap object that replaces your wireless router
Dialogue: 0,1:03:30.05,1:03:36.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in as many places, homes, and businesses, and safe-deposit boxes in the world as we can get,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:36.51,1:03:40.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,running software which makes secure peer to peer connections
Dialogue: 0,1:03:40.41,1:03:47.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between people whose identities have been assured in a civil society web of trust-like way,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:47.91,1:03:54.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and which can provide a soft migration away from centralized social networking tools
Dialogue: 0,1:03:54.81,1:03:59.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like Facebook and Flickr and so on,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:59.28,1:04:05.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,towards systems which actually share only with the people you really mean to share with,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:05.23,1:04:09.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and which resist the effort of other people to see what's going on.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:09.100,1:04:17.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some of that work is work we all use all the time based around Tunneling VPNs, and other simple stuff.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:17.53,1:04:21.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some of this is the Onion routing infrastructure we are building.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:21.08,1:04:27.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some of it is efforts to increase our meshablity by spreading a lot of stuff
Dialogue: 0,1:04:27.95,1:04:31.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is both base station and client around the world.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:31.28,1:04:38.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some of it is efforts to take advantage of skunkworks projects now inside the large IT vendors,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:38.48,1:04:44.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who also know that small ARM-based servers are gonna replace the heavy iron they've been selling,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:44.100,1:04:49.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the real net of it, the bottom seed of it is --
Dialogue: 0,1:04:49.72,1:04:52.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Control your own server. Keep your own logs,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:52.36,1:04:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do it in a a way which resists tampering from external parties who aren't working in your interest.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:59.58,1:05:04.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Create some robots who really do have the first law of robotics inside them,\N\N[Doc Searls] [chuckles]
Dialogue: 0,1:05:04.97,1:05:10.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] And put them at the portals between private networks and the open public net.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:10.88,1:05:18.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we do that, we begin, as Isaac says, to interleave the virtual peer to peerage of the net
Dialogue: 0,1:05:18.37,1:05:23.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with some actual hundreds of thousands, then millions, then tens of millions,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:23.38,1:05:28.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ultimately billions of peers, that run in the interests of the people who own them.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:28.93,1:05:29.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[David Isenberg] Isaac and
Dialogue: 0,1:05:29.97,1:05:37.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Terry Nelson] I would like to introduce my self. I'm Terry Nelson, no relation to Mike Nelson [unintelligible]
Dialogue: 0,1:05:38.90,1:05:44.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[David Isenberg]Guys, Isaac and Eben, do you know Tim Shepard?
Dialogue: 0,1:05:44.22,1:05:45.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Isaac] We met last night.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:45.62,1:05:54.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok, good. The reason that I put these kinds of things together is that people like you can meet people like Tim.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:54.68,1:06:01.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tim's MIT PhD thesis was on the practical,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:03.07,1:06:06.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the applied mathematics, and for that matter the physics
Dialogue: 0,1:06:06.84,1:06:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Mesh Networking, and he is an early pioneer, this was 1990-what?.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:15.44,1:06:16.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Tim Shepard] 1995
Dialogue: 0,1:06:16.84,1:06:22.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[David Isenberg] 95 ok. With David Clark at MIT. You guys really ought to talk.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:22.88,1:06:25.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] I still have location-based routing. I wish it could work.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:25.63,1:06:27.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Small Laugh]
Dialogue: 0,1:06:27.92,1:06:32.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Preston Ray] Hi Eben, my name is Preston Ray, I'm with the Open Technology Institute.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:32.09,1:06:37.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You mentioned towards the interview speech, about how the community people in this room, and the people,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:37.04,1:06:42.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the community we are part of, has the knowledge, understands the technology, grasps,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:42.92,1:06:46.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,appreciates and evangelizes the philosophy that you are talking about,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:46.40,1:06:49.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make free collaborative education to all,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:49.72,1:06:55.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to solve our world's problems of economic stagnation, innovation stagnation, austerity.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:56.50,1:07:00.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, we should recognize that we are also very much a community of privilege
Dialogue: 0,1:07:00.67,1:07:06.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in many ways, not only of our grasp of knowledge, and not only of our grasp, you know,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:06.85,1:07:12.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the tools and everything that makes these things work, but the backgrounds we come from,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:12.06,1:07:16.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are able to afford this conference, and many other privileges that I won't go into.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:17.14,1:07:21.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do you feel our responsibility, a role is in,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:22.93,1:07:25.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bringing about the world you are talking about,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:25.62,1:07:32.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we are indeed only 8,3% of the world we can't assume to represent the entire world,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:32.17,1:07:35.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what is our role in that entire ...
Dialogue: 0,1:07:35.37,1:07:37.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] I doubt that we are 8.3% of the world.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:37.27,1:07:40.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What supprises we are 8.3% of Schleswig-Holstein [Laughs].
Dialogue: 0,1:07:40.87,1:07:44.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But let me say a little bit about.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:44.50,1:07:52.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm been engaged for several years now, with a community computing center located in a slum in Bangalore,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:52.20,1:07:58.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the original center was located in a cluster of people who have been living in that spot,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:58.77,1:08:03.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first as a untouchable people, now as merely poor people for very long time,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:04.33,1:08:06.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-2200 people with only one toilet-
Dialogue: 0,1:08:07.81,1:08:12.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where some young communists working for the big IT firms in Bangalore,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:12.83,1:08:19.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fished out computer out of the garbage, put free software open, and opened a computer center in that slum.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:19.72,1:08:26.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what came out was not so much people who wanted to learn how to use an office suite and get an office job.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:27.37,1:08:33.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turned out they were painters using the GIMP to paint the pictures one pixel at a time,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:33.42,1:08:36.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were singers, and they were writers.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:37.29,1:08:45.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were people whose communities had never had so much as the possibility of dreaming of any of those things,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:45.49,1:08:47.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that didn't matter the kids, because they were kids.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:48.02,1:08:52.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They just did whatever and it was it has changed many people's lives.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:54.50,1:08:57.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My financial support for that activity has been rather minor,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:57.74,1:09:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they'd not take more money that they can use in order to avoid corruption.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:03.77,1:09:09.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And my moral support has been, I'd say, grossly inadequate.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:09.70,1:09:15.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But nonetheless, working together, we've achieved some quite interesting things
Dialogue: 0,1:09:15.40,1:09:20.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which have changed dozens of lives and which have produced some teachers,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:20.29,1:09:23.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they can go out and change a bunch of lives more.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:23.89,1:09:28.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I try to work really quite heavily in my classroom
Dialogue: 0,1:09:28.72,1:09:35.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to remind American Law Students who are genuinely sagging at an ease a little bit with all their debt,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:35.64,1:09:40.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to think of themselves as privileged in the way you say, and it's important to do.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:40.75,1:09:45.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But even more important maybe that recognizing our difference
Dialogue: 0,1:09:45.25,1:09:50.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the other people in the world who have so much less is recognizing our similarity.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:51.13,1:09:56.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When given the opportunity, those Einsteins in the street are just like our Einsteins.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:56.65,1:10:03.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are better than us. Smarter, stronger, more capable of ferreting out the mysteries of the universe.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:03.72,1:10:08.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We really need to begin at the stage of life that we are pretty equal. That is when we are children.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:08.47,1:10:11.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we really need to make possible for those children
Dialogue: 0,1:10:11.72,1:10:17.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to experiment and learn and grow, regardless of their state of economic deprivation.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:17.60,1:10:21.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The beauty of the zero marginal cost revolution in human affairs,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:21.77,1:10:26.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is we can put all knowledge, all culture, all music, all art,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:26.51,1:10:31.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all everything that matters to the development of the human mind, everywhere, all the time.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:31.66,1:10:40.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the Sudharshan Layout in Bangalore, 2200 people, one toilet, 1700 children and 914 mobile phones.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:40.32,1:10:45.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Everyone of these mobile phone which is carried by the poorest of the poor in many societies,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:45.56,1:10:49.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and which it would be carried by everybody in the human race by 2050 -
Dialogue: 0,1:10:49.20,1:10:52.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everyone of those devices can have every book, and every play,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:52.67,1:10:57.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and every piece of music, every equation, every experiment on it.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:57.66,1:10:59.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And every brain will grow.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:59.77,1:11:04.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Try that and we can worry less about deprivation and more about progress.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:07.22,1:11:10.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Little Applause]
Dialogue: 0,1:11:12.14,1:11:18.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Isaac Wilder] The will of humanity towards total connectedness is at manifest at this point.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:19.04,1:11:24.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I said it before and I'll say it again, the fundamental dialectic of our struggle is this.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:26.29,1:11:29.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Will we be enslaved by our technology, or liberated by it?
Dialogue: 0,1:11:30.52,1:11:37.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As technologists, as those privileged enough to understand what exists now and what is coming,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:39.44,1:11:43.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I viewe our responsibility as to making it sure that is liberation technology
Dialogue: 0,1:11:43.95,1:11:45.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of enslavement technology?
Dialogue: 0,1:11:46.03,1:11:50.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think everyone in this room understands that but,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:51.64,1:11:53.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the priviledge does come with responsibility.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:54.06,1:11:57.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's to sound that alarm.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:59.70,1:12:01.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Doc Searls] Very god. Over here.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:01.46,1:12:03.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Nick Grossman] Hi, Nick Grossman from MIT Media Lab.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:03.77,1:12:09.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At first, I thought your thoughts about why cities are innovative and why interesting thing happen,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:09.88,1:12:15.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why people go there and how autonomy.... What autonomy is and why that matters.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:15.68,1:12:21.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very compelling, super-relevant Internet, and I think it's a metaphor that will only gain in momentum.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:21.08,1:12:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I thank you for laying that out. And I also agree...
Dialogue: 0,1:12:23.62,1:12:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So getting back to how we convince our governments to go in this general direction.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:29.02,1:12:35.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I agree that innovation is a very powerful frame.My question is the...
Dialogue: 0,1:12:36.03,1:12:39.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the line between full truly open innovation , you are talking about it,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:39.99,1:12:41.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sort of semi-open innovation as new-ons???.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:41.67,1:12:44.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think everyone in this room gets it.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:44.16,1:12:45.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's easy to say:
Dialogue: 0,1:12:45.29,1:12:47.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look at how many apps you can build on the facebook platform,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:47.86,1:12:52.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or look at how many, you know, how many things on the iPhone platform, and that's innovation.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:52.49,1:12:57.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when you are talking to Ś whoever, you know that Ś there is a distinction there.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:57.36,1:13:04.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, what do you see is the best way illustrate that and try and walk the line between Ś
Dialogue: 0,1:13:05.56,1:13:11.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know ... fully open and kind of open and is that Ś is possible to do that?
Dialogue: 0,1:13:11.61,1:13:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] Well you know we went down this road before.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:14.88,1:13:19.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because as The Free Software Movement was gaining strength,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:19.67,1:13:26.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Microsoft was creating that enormous ecosystem of Windows Developers, of which it was justly proud.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:27.02,1:13:30.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were justly proud because they gave them control of the API,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:30.63,1:13:33.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the developers were justly proud of the software they wrote.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:33.68,1:13:37.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were only two things Ś [Laugher]
Dialogue: 0,1:13:37.23,1:13:40.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One was it was totally dependent on the Microsoft Ecosystem,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:40.71,1:13:43.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which as ???Richard Claxer said was K-Mart software.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:44.43,1:13:48.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the other was that they were hampered by the fact that they have to invent everything themselves.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:49.46,1:13:53.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In order to get in, you had to buy the SDK and then you were alone in your garage,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:53.85,1:13:55.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trying to make something great.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:55.86,1:14:01.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the whole system have been biased in such a way that you couldn't share and you couldn't learn.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:01.66,1:14:09.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so it didn't turn out to be as good as the C shell, that created a generation of computer scientists.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:09.10,1:14:14.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they got us a bunch of Windows developers, they made a bunch of stuff and we went fine.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:14.92,1:14:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And now the Microsoft is closing the code museum and freezing them out.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:19.78,1:14:23.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the problem, isn't, it with proprietary innovation.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:23.26,1:14:27.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It runs according to the strength of the business model and then it fails.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:27.05,1:14:32.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason we beat Microsoft was (that) we were even less subject to evolutionary data,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:32.42,1:14:34.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were and they knew it.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:34.24,1:14:38.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what the strength was of the GPL, and I'm not so happy
Dialogue: 0,1:14:38.56,1:14:44.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if ??? decides that it doesn't need to keep some copyleft stuff at the middle of it.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:44.56,1:14:48.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because it closes the end on innovation.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:48.43,1:14:50.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The important thing about innovation,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:50.26,1:14:55.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-and we say it when we are in places which I have the grandeur of MIT to say it in -
Dialogue: 0,1:14:55.31,1:14:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is, it's a long run business. Not a short run business.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:59.18,1:15:02.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Proprietary software development whether for the Windows Ecosystem
Dialogue: 0,1:15:02.77,1:15:06.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the iOS Ecosystem is a game of base hits, not home runs.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:07.12,1:15:10.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can put a neat app on a thing and it's neat and we really love it,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:10.88,1:15:13.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and why don't you share it with us so we can do better?
Dialogue: 0,1:15:13.82,1:15:15.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh, the SDK terms this,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:15.80,1:15:19.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the App Store terms that and no sharing allowed
Dialogue: 0,1:15:19.30,1:15:21.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because Steve Jobs slept here once,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:21.93,1:15:27.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and nobody else can sleep in any bed he ever slept in, unless they have his permission and all that stuff.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:27.40,1:15:32.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's OK, it's B+ innovation, but we can do better.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:32.12,1:15:36.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the point of being at experts or inspirers of innovation
Dialogue: 0,1:15:36.73,1:15:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to help those bright young people to do stuff that lasts for the long term.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:41.71,1:15:44.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you can explain in that frame,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:44.58,1:15:47.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why the political economy of closed end innovation
Dialogue: 0,1:15:47.65,1:15:51.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,isn't really where you want to put your good idea when you are 17.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:51.32,1:15:55.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If Jimmy Wales have gone to work for Encyclopedia Brittanica or Compton,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:55.87,1:16:02.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm sure they'd be paying him a decent salary , and that's become what innovation was supposed to be.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:02.69,1:16:04.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It gets you a job.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:04.67,1:16:08.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's when we are really in trouble. Thomas Edison didn't want a job.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:08.49,1:16:11.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[comment in background]
Dialogue: 0,1:16:11.22,1:16:12.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fair Enough.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:12.39,1:16:15.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not going to speak in favor of Mr. Edison as an individual.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:15.59,1:16:16.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm no in speak...[Laugh]
Dialogue: 0,1:16:16.94,1:16:23.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm only going to speak in favor of the idea of innovation is for the long run, and that's what counts.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:23.33,1:16:29.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you go to a guy who sells you your life back in return for your idea, that's not long run.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:33.34,1:16:37.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Doc Searls] So we had 10 minutes here, and we've got I think five people left, so John quick.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:37.50,1:16:41.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Joe Plotkin] I'll be quick as I see Chris Savage and Harold. I want to hear their questions as well.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:41.38,1:16:47.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,John Plotkin from NYC Wireless, once again, Eben, great talk, always I enjoy it here when you talk.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:47.06,1:16:49.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A couple unrelated points.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:49.15,1:16:54.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One, when we talked about convenience vs control,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:54.40,1:16:56.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, everybody is using the wireless microphone,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:56.49,1:17:02.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they come out of that is spectrum, everyone should be aware of in this room at least.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:02.35,1:17:07.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But more, I want to give you a chance to talk and end in more of an optimistic note.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:07.84,1:17:15.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I see that the Maker Movement and all the hardware hacking that's going on, as tremendously optimistic for the future.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:15.45,1:17:18.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I see... you are in a maker fair and you see kids,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:19.50,1:17:22.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing exactly what you described, playing around.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:22.48,1:17:25.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How can we get your message sort of...
Dialogue: 0,1:17:26.74,1:17:28.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you don't want to mess with that fooling around,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:28.84,1:17:35.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but somehow direct it to understanding the larger ecosysstem that they eventually gonna live in,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:35.14,1:17:36.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with those innovations.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:36.70,1:17:38.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] I don't know. I'll learn from you.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:39.51,1:17:43.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Doc Searls] Actually I would like to touch a??? point and a prior point.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:43.76,1:17:48.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was remembering, when Eben was talking about, kids.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:48.49,1:17:55.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, what I did when I was a kid was I loved radio and I loved to ??? screwdrivers, and I was a Ham radio operator.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:56.22,1:18:02.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, there was no computing in 1961 that a kid could do, but I hacked on radios.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:02.32,1:18:07.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I just wanna call Dwayne Hendrix to the mike for a second to talk about,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:08.09,1:18:13.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we were talking about at the Hall about opportunities with amateur radio that still exist.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:16.97,1:18:20.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Dwayne Hendrix] Thanks. Amateur radio has been around for about 100 years now.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:20.47,1:18:26.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And by treaty, it's in most countries on the planet.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:27.16,1:18:30.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can take my amateur radio privileges from the US
Dialogue: 0,1:18:30.24,1:18:33.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and go to all those countries, and operate just like I was here.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:35.02,1:18:40.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eben talked about (the) need to have free access to spectrum with no middle man, ok?
Dialogue: 0,1:18:40.94,1:18:44.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The amateur radio service is just that, ok?
Dialogue: 0,1:18:45.27,1:18:47.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is no FCC in the middle.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:47.64,1:18:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can create wireless devices, you self certify them, ok?
Dialogue: 0,1:18:53.100,1:18:59.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as I said, you can take them to other places on the planet and operate them without asking anybody.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:00.39,1:19:04.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, with the licence class I have, I can put a
Dialogue: 0,1:19:04.62,1:19:10.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,communications platform in orbit without asking permission of the FCC.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:10.43,1:19:11.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is powerful.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:12.52,1:19:18.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there is a lot of misapprehensions and misunderstandings about what amateur radio is about,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:18.91,1:19:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perpetrated by organizations like American Radio Relay League.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:23.52,1:19:27.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's all about innovation under your own control.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:27.76,1:19:32.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gives you complete access to spectrum, as long as you don't use it for commersial purposes.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:33.37,1:19:35.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let me just leave you with one thought.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:35.79,1:19:41.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ten years ago, I was working for a company called COM21 the founder of which was Paul Baran,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:41.86,1:19:44.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is sort of known as the Grand Father of the Internet, right?
Dialogue: 0,1:19:45.19,1:19:53.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Paul basically said: Look what I've learned is that I look at all these people around building proprietary radios, ok?,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:53.60,1:19:54.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they come and go.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:55.41,1:20:00.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you gonna create a business look at mass produced radios.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:00.55,1:20:03.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And use those and more of them to your own needs.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:03.89,1:20:05.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is two mass produced radios today.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:06.06,1:20:08.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,WiFi and Cable modems.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:08.67,1:20:11.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With a little construct called a transverter,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:11.74,1:20:13.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-a transverter also known as a linear translator-
Dialogue: 0,1:20:13.91,1:20:18.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you could take the inputs and outputs of a cable modem or any wifi device
Dialogue: 0,1:20:18.04,1:20:20.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and put it anywhere in the radio spectrum.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:21.61,1:20:24.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And couple that with an amateur radio licence
Dialogue: 0,1:20:24.94,1:20:32.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and now you have cheap hardware that you can go anywhere and not ask permission of anybody, ok?
Dialogue: 0,1:20:33.27,1:20:40.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, look into this. I mean, Amateur radio, basically output devices that
Dialogue: 0,1:20:41.06,1:20:43.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,.... you don't have to have an amateur licence to use it.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:43.46,1:20:51.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, under my amateur radio authority I can have as many transmitters operating in the US territory without...
Dialogue: 0,1:20:51.76,1:20:53.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and have people just like you use them,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:53.84,1:20:57.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all I have to do is to be able to turn on and off the device,ok?
Dialogue: 0,1:20:57.77,1:21:03.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was working at COM21 we littered the bay area with cable modems that have transverters
Dialogue: 0,1:21:03.53,1:21:07.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and have a wireless Internet network, ok?,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:07.97,1:21:11.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(and) that we had a lot of people use it, ok?,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:11.76,1:21:15.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we didn't get any money for it, we didn't charge anybody for Internet access,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:15.80,1:21:19.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we provided innovation of a different nature.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:19.56,1:21:20.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's it.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:20.90,1:21:22.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Doc Searls] Also thanks, thanks Dwayne.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:22.30,1:21:23.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Applause]
Dialogue: 0,1:21:23.42,1:21:25.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Doc Searls]Yeah. Go.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:25.93,1:21:28.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Harold Phelp]Harold Phelp ??? with public knowledge.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:30.73,1:21:34.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all, I have to say that maybe I'm alone in this
Dialogue: 0,1:21:34.58,1:21:40.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I tend to think of this more as the ???? speech rather than the I have a dream speech.[Laughs]
Dialogue: 0,1:21:41.97,1:21:50.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in those small part, because I'll notice who kicked butt on the field of Ozonecorp ???.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:51.52,1:21:58.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the one thing that I did want to raise and ask is if you have seen
Dialogue: 0,1:21:58.71,1:22:03.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Corry Doctorow's recent pissed on the failure of geek politics.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:03.74,1:22:05.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is a Ś
Dialogue: 0,1:22:07.64,1:22:14.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll confess to my own self interest as Washington Insider focused on the FCC,
Dialogue: 0,1:22:14.55,1:22:20.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I just wanna to stress and ask folks like you who are out there
Dialogue: 0,1:22:20.38,1:22:27.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to encourage engagement in these processes,
Dialogue: 0,1:22:28.18,1:22:34.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and especially when the temptation to despair about getting productive results is so high.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:35.81,1:22:39.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But also point out the posiv aspect of this is Ś
Dialogue: 0,1:22:39.81,1:22:41.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-Dwayne actually focused this-
Dialogue: 0,1:22:41.50,1:22:47.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are actually a lot of opportunities that are here and around us,
Dialogue: 0,1:22:47.20,1:22:51.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I really think that there is a lot that could be done,
Dialogue: 0,1:22:53.39,1:23:03.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as has been done now already with a number of folks who in trying to organize a more focused agenda,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:04.43,1:23:10.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would be a positive, legislative and regulatory agenda, rather than a defensive one.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:11.58,1:23:15.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I just wanna put that out there,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:15.06,1:23:24.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as well as any interest in working with anybody who is interested in taking up arms here.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:29.61,1:23:36.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hi, ???? .
Dialogue: 0,1:23:36.56,1:23:39.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thanks for bringing up the Ham radio issue.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:39.04,1:23:42.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's really very very interesting field right now,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:42.05,1:23:48.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially since we got ten box STRs in the form of TVB-T receivers.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:49.52,1:23:52.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just take them out and reprogram them. It's very interesting.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:53.30,1:23:56.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one other thing for Eben Ś
Dialogue: 0,1:23:56.79,1:24:00.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you were talking about OLPC, sort of I had a small dejavu.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:01.70,1:24:05.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was there at that time, when they were doing their mesh research,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:05.93,1:24:10.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was flying from Boston to Europe, and I was couple of time was telling them,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:10.92,1:24:14.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we got these huge networks there we got it already done,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:14.54,1:24:19.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were still working on the specific ???? implementation which just failed.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:19.95,1:24:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I would like to deposit the thought that we should cooperate more closely,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:24.00,1:24:30.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we have quite some experience, and it might save us 8 years of R&D. Thanks.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:32.28,1:24:36.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Doc Searls]OK. We have 2 minutes and 33 seconds left and the musicians are here so here's Chris...
Dialogue: 0,1:24:37.06,1:24:38.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Chris Savage]Chris Savage, Random Medicine.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:39.96,1:24:45.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I agree with Harold. This was not quite a I have a Dream Speech was more like Saint Christmas Day
Dialogue: 0,1:24:45.14,1:24:45.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Little Laugh]
Dialogue: 0,1:24:45.79,1:24:50.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I would like to ask you and the folks would ask themselves the following question.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:50.68,1:24:53.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Assuming that you've laid down the battlelines correctly,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:55.08,1:24:56.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what would Gandhi do?
Dialogue: 0,1:25:04.77,1:25:06.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Doc Searls]Would Gandhi battle?
Dialogue: 0,1:25:07.14,1:25:11.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Backround speech]
Dialogue: 0,1:25:11.29,1:25:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Eben Moglen] Well, then I'm in total agree with you.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:16.45,1:25:18.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm uncomfortable with all the comparisons.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:18.72,1:25:23.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let me put them aside and say that
Dialogue: 0,1:25:24.71,1:25:30.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my part of this work ugly??? enough is just making lawyers. Right?
Dialogue: 0,1:25:30.04,1:25:30.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughs]
Dialogue: 0,1:25:30.65,1:25:33.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what I actually do for a living.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:33.74,1:25:38.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And before we all get grunt about it, what that really means is,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:39.02,1:25:45.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,teaching young people who have enormous opportunities to change society,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:45.30,1:25:50.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they shouldn't go and take jobs pushing corporate finance paper instead.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:50.40,1:25:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not actually trying in my earnest suggestions to the contrary of what I'm standing,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:58.68,1:26:01.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not trying to wield any power.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:01.68,1:26:03.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I do want to talk to people,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:03.07,1:26:07.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I admit that bad happens when you talk to people in large groups for long periods of time,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:07.80,1:26:10.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is actually not terribly productive,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:10.82,1:26:13.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what I think we are trying to do,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:13.54,1:26:19.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and here you question about Mahatma Gandhi seems relevant to me,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:19.49,1:26:23.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm trying to make the people to believe that they are the solution to the problem.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:23.62,1:26:30.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm trying to get people to believe that it's in their hands, not in hands of some mysterious power far away.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:30.50,1:26:32.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We got to win this close up.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:33.09,1:26:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You must have to AsianCorp motiv then that's the one to have.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:36.77,1:26:39.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not going to be dealt with at a distance.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:39.67,1:26:45.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is actually done in those muddy slipping and falling places where all this goes on.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:45.40,1:26:48.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If Harold thinks that we can do it at the FCC, that's great.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:48.72,1:26:52.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not sure that I believe him, but he can, if I can.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:53.37,1:26:57.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I'm really asking is for all of us to recognize,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:57.71,1:27:03.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are gonna have to talk to language of political economy and government policy for a while.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:03.51,1:27:09.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've talked the language of licencing and how to make Free Software, and that has run out.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:10.34,1:27:17.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now the time has come to talk about how we save societies itches,by scratching them with freedom.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:17.52,1:27:20.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if we can do that, then we'll win.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:20.55,1:27:21.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thanks everybody.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:21.91,1:27:30.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Applause]