[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:03.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was seven years old\Nand my sister was just five years old,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.57,0:00:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we were playing on top of a bunk bed.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.00,0:00:09.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was two years older\Nthan my sister at the time --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.05,0:00:11.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, I'm two years\Nolder than her now --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.31,0:00:14.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but at the time it meant she had to do\Neverything that I wanted to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.66,0:00:15.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I wanted to play war.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.00,0:00:18.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we were up on top of our bunk beds.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.08,0:00:20.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And on one side of the bunk bed,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.20,0:00:22.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had put out all of my G.I. Joe\Nsoldiers and weaponry.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.83,0:00:25.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And on the other side were\Nall my sister's My Little Ponies
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.74,0:00:27.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ready for a cavalry charge.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.21,0:00:30.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are differing accounts\Nof what actually happened that afternoon,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.53,0:00:32.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but since my sister is not\Nhere with us today,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.84,0:00:34.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let me tell you the true story --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.76,0:00:35.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.00,0:00:38.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is my sister's a little\Non the clumsy side.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.46,0:00:41.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somehow, without any help or push\Nfrom her older brother at all,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.50,0:00:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Amy disappeared\Noff of the top of the bunk bed
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.100,0:00:45.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and landed with this crash on the floor.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.95,0:00:47.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I nervously peered\Nover the side of the bed
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.99,0:00:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to see what had befallen my fallen sister
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.00,0:00:52.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and saw that she had landed\Npainfully on her hands and knees
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.88,0:00:54.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on all fours on the ground.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.25,0:00:56.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was nervous because\Nmy parents had charged me
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.75,0:00:58.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with making sure that my sister and I
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.64,0:01:00.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,played as safely\Nand as quietly as possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.00,0:01:04.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And seeing as how I had\Naccidentally broken Amy's arm
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.68,0:01:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just one week before --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.00,0:01:07.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.10,0:01:11.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter ends)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.12,0:01:15.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,heroically pushing her out of the way\Nof an oncoming imaginary sniper bullet,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.81,0:01:17.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.87,0:01:21.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for which I have yet to be thanked,\NI was trying as hard as I could --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.97,0:01:23.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she didn't even see it coming --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.59,0:01:25.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was trying hard\Nto be on my best behavior.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.96,0:01:27.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I saw my sister's face,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.33,0:01:29.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this wail of pain\Nand suffering and surprise
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.59,0:01:32.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,threatening to erupt from her mouth\Nand wake my parents
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.30,0:01:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the long winter's nap\Nfor which they had settled.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.92,0:01:36.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I did the only thing
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.10,0:01:39.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my frantic seven year-old brain\Ncould think to do to avert this tragedy.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.56,0:01:42.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you have children,\Nyou've seen this hundreds of times.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.45,0:01:45.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said, "Amy, wait. Don't cry.\NDid you see how you landed?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.20,0:01:47.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No human lands on all fours like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.59,0:01:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Amy, I think this means you're a unicorn."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.00,0:01:54.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.39,0:01:55.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, that was cheating,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.53,0:01:57.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there was nothing\Nshe would want more
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.68,0:02:00.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than not to be Amy\Nthe hurt five year-old little sister,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.34,0:02:01.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but Amy the special unicorn.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.80,0:02:03.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, this option\Nwas open to her brain
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.95,0:02:05.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at no point in the past.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.16,0:02:08.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you could see how my poor,\Nmanipulated sister faced conflict,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.28,0:02:10.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as her little brain attempted\Nto devote resources
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.68,0:02:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to feeling the pain and suffering\Nand surprise she just experienced,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.00,0:02:16.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or contemplating her new-found\Nidentity as a unicorn.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.57,0:02:17.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the latter won.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.70,0:02:19.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of crying or ceasing our play,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.56,0:02:20.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of waking my parents,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.00,0:02:23.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with all the negative consequences for me,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.33,0:02:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a smile spread across her face
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.00,0:02:27.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she scrambled back up\Nonto the bunk bed
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.12,0:02:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with all the grace of a baby unicorn --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.03,0:02:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.58,0:02:32.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with one broken leg.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.99,0:02:34.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we stumbled across
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.62,0:02:36.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at this tender age\Nof just five and seven --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.72,0:02:38.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we had no idea at the time --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.42,0:02:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was was going be at the vanguard\Nof a scientific revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.54,0:02:44.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,occurring two decades later in the way\Nthat we look at the human brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.02,0:02:47.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We had stumbled across\Nsomething called positive psychology,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.96,0:02:49.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the reason I'm here today
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.63,0:02:51.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the reason that I wake up\Nevery morning.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.74,0:02:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I started talking about this research
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.80,0:02:56.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outside of academia,\Nwith companies and schools,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.10,0:02:59.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first thing they said to never do\Nis to start with a graph.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.20,0:03:01.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first thing I want to do\Nis start with a graph.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.68,0:03:02.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This graph looks boring,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.00,0:03:05.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it is the reason I get excited\Nand wake up every morning.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.98,0:03:08.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this graph doesn't even mean\Nanything; it's fake data.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.76,0:03:10.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we found is --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.06,0:03:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.00,0:03:15.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I got this data studying you,\NI would be thrilled,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.00,0:03:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there's a trend there,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.00,0:03:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that means that I can get published,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.00,0:03:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is all that really matters.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.00,0:03:24.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is one weird red dot\Nabove the curve,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.10,0:03:26.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's one weirdo in the room --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.62,0:03:29.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know who you are, I saw you earlier --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.67,0:03:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's no problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.00,0:03:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's no problem, as most of you know,\Nbecause I can just delete that dot.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.00,0:03:38.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can delete that dot because\Nthat's clearly a measurement error.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.13,0:03:41.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we know that's a measurement error\Nbecause it's messing up my data.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.52,0:03:42.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.58,0:03:44.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So one of the first things we teach people
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.77,0:03:47.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in economics, statistics,\Nbusiness and psychology courses
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.61,0:03:50.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is how, in a statistically valid way,\Ndo we eliminate the weirdos.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.80,0:03:54.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do we eliminate the outliers\Nso we can find the line of best fit?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.20,0:03:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which is fantastic\Nif I'm trying to find out
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.32,0:03:59.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how many Advil the average\Nperson should be taking -- two.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.10,0:04:01.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if I'm interested in your potential,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.94,0:04:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or for happiness or productivity\Nor energy or creativity,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.00,0:04:07.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're creating the cult\Nof the average with science.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.60,0:04:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I asked a question like,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.00,0:04:11.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How fast can a child learn\Nhow to read in a classroom?"
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.72,0:04:13.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scientists change the answer to
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.23,0:04:16.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How fast does the average child\Nlearn how to read in that classroom?"
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.59,0:04:18.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we tailor the class\Ntowards the average.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.76,0:04:20.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you fall below the average,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.31,0:04:21.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then psychologists get thrilled,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.93,0:04:24.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because that means you're\Ndepressed or have a disorder,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.77,0:04:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or hopefully both.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.00,0:04:28.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're hoping for both\Nbecause our business model is,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.50,0:04:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you come into a therapy\Nsession with one problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.00,0:04:33.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we want to make sure you\Nleave knowing you have ten,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.50,0:04:34.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you keep coming back.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.70,0:04:36.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'll go back into your\Nchildhood if necessary,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.94,0:04:39.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but eventually we want\Nto make you normal again.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.24,0:04:40.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But normal is merely average.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.70,0:04:44.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And positive psychology posits\Nthat if we study what is merely average,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.07,0:04:46.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will remain merely average.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.43,0:04:48.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then instead of deleting\Nthose positive outliers,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.75,0:04:51.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what I intentionally do is come\Ninto a population like this one
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.81,0:04:52.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and say, why?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.85,0:04:54.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why are some of you high above the curve
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.80,0:04:57.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in terms of intellectual,\Nathletic, musical ability,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.41,0:04:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creativity, energy levels,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.70,0:05:01.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,resiliency in the face\Nof challenge, sense of humor?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.20,0:05:04.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whatever it is, instead of deleting\Nyou, what I want to do is study you.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.77,0:05:06.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because maybe we can glean information,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.70,0:05:08.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just how to move\Npeople up to the average,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.88,0:05:12.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but move the entire average up\Nin our companies and schools worldwide.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.30,0:05:14.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason this graph is important to me
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.30,0:05:17.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is, on the news, the majority\Nof the information is not positive.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.40,0:05:18.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in fact it's negative.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.50,0:05:21.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of it's about murder, corruption,\Ndiseases, natural disasters.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.70,0:05:23.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And very quickly, my brain starts to think
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.80,0:05:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the accurate ratio\Nof negative to positive in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.82,0:05:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This creates\N"the medical school syndrome."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.05,0:05:31.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During the first year of medical training,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.63,0:05:35.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you read through a list of all\Nthe symptoms and diseases,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.04,0:05:37.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suddenly you realize you have all of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.29,0:05:38.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.32,0:05:41.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have a brother in-law named Bobo,\Nwhich is a whole other story.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.42,0:05:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bobo married Amy the unicorn.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.00,0:05:44.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bobo called me on the phone --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.76,0:05:46.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.93,0:05:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from Yale Medical School,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.00,0:05:51.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Bobo said, "Shawn, I have leprosy."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.30,0:05:52.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.00,0:05:55.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which, even at Yale,\Nis extraordinarily rare.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.61,0:05:57.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I had no idea how to console poor Bobo
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.00,0:06:00.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because he had just gotten\Nover an entire week of menopause.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.88,0:06:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.00,0:06:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're finding it's not necessarily\Nthe reality that shapes us,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.00,0:06:08.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the lens through which your brain\Nviews the world that shapes your reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.80,0:06:12.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if we can change the lens,\Nnot only can we change your happiness,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.10,0:06:15.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can change every single educational\Nand business outcome at the same time.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.77,0:06:17.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I applied to Harvard on a dare.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.30,0:06:20.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't expect to get in, and my family\Nhad no money for college.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.50,0:06:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I got a military scholarship\Ntwo weeks later, they let me go.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.70,0:06:26.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Something that wasn't\Neven a possibility became a reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.50,0:06:29.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I assumed everyone there\Nwould see it as a privilege as well,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.50,0:06:31.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they'd be excited to be there.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.20,0:06:33.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even in a classroom\Nfull of people smarter than you,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.70,0:06:36.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I felt you'd be happy just to be\Nin that classroom.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.20,0:06:38.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what I found is,\Nwhile some people experience that,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.90,0:06:40.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I graduated after my four years
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.70,0:06:44.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then spent the next eight years\Nliving in the dorms with the students --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.30,0:06:46.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Harvard asked me to; I wasn't that guy.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.20,0:06:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.00,0:06:51.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was an officer to counsel students\Nthrough the difficult four years.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.40,0:06:53.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in my research and my teaching,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.19,0:06:55.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I found that these students,\Nno matter how happy they were
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.99,0:06:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with their original success\Nof getting into the school,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.70,0:07:02.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two weeks later their brains were focused,\Nnot on the privilege of being there,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.50,0:07:04.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nor on their philosophy or physics,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.20,0:07:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but on the competition, the workload,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.00,0:07:07.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the hassles, stresses, complaints.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.70,0:07:10.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I first went in there, I walked\Ninto the freshmen dining hall,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.90,0:07:14.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is where my friends from Waco,\NTexas, which is where I grew up --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.30,0:07:15.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know some of you know this.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.80,0:07:17.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When they'd visit, they'd look around,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.70,0:07:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and say, "This dining hall looks like\Nsomething out of Hogwart's."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.90,0:07:23.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It does, because that was Hogwart's\Nand that's Harvard.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.50,0:07:24.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when they see this,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.70,0:07:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they say, "Why do you waste your time\Nstudying happiness at Harvard?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.00,0:07:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What does a Harvard student\Npossibly have to be unhappy about?"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.10,0:07:32.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Embedded within that question
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.60,0:07:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the key to understanding\Nthe science of happiness.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.20,0:07:36.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because what that question assumes
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.90,0:07:39.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that our external world\Nis predictive of our happiness levels,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.100,0:07:43.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when in reality, if I know everything\Nabout your external world,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.10,0:07:45.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can only predict 10%\Nof your long-term happiness.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.60,0:07:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,90 percent of your long-term happiness\Nis predicted not by the external world,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.40,0:07:51.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but by the way your brain\Nprocesses the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.62,0:07:52.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if we change it,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.70,0:07:55.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we change our formula\Nfor happiness and success,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.15,0:07:57.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can change the way\Nthat we can then affect reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.100,0:08:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we found is that only 25%\Nof job successes are predicted by IQ,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.00,0:08:03.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,75 percent of job successes
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.00,0:08:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are predicted by your optimism\Nlevels, your social support
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.00,0:08:10.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and your ability to see stress\Nas a challenge instead of as a threat.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.30,0:08:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I talked to a New England boarding school,\Nprobably the most prestigious one,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.00,0:08:15.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they said, "We already know that.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.80,0:08:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So every year, instead of just teaching\Nour students, we have a wellness week.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.50,0:08:22.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we're so excited. Monday night\Nwe have the world's leading expert
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.80,0:08:24.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will speak about adolescent depression.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.70,0:08:26.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tuesday night\Nit's school violence and bullying.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.96,0:08:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wednesday night is eating disorders.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.80,0:08:30.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thursday night is illicit drug use.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.50,0:08:33.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Friday night we're trying to decide\Nbetween risky sex or happiness."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.95,0:08:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.00,0:08:37.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said, "That's most people's\NFriday nights."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.17,0:08:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.00,0:08:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.00,0:08:45.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which I'm glad you liked,\Nbut they did not like that at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.88,0:08:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Silence on the phone.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.00,0:08:50.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And into the silence, I said,\N"I'd be happy to speak at your school,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.30,0:08:52.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that's not a wellness week,\Nthat's a sickness week.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.00,0:08:55.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You've outlined all the negative\Nthings that can happen,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.70,0:08:57.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not talked about the positive."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.40,0:08:59.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The absence of disease is not health.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.20,0:09:00.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's how we get to health:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.60,0:09:03.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to reverse the formula\Nfor happiness and success.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.40,0:09:06.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the last three years,\NI've traveled to 45 countries,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.10,0:09:09.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,working with schools and companies\Nin the midst of an economic downturn.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.60,0:09:11.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I found that\Nmost companies and schools
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.70,0:09:13.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,follow a formula\Nfor success, which is this:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.80,0:09:15.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I work harder, I'll be more successful.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.90,0:09:18.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if I'm more successful,\Nthen I'll be happier.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.30,0:09:21.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That undergirds most\Nof our parenting and managing styles,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.10,0:09:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way that we motivate our behavior.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.00,0:09:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the problem is it's scientifically\Nbroken and backwards for two reasons.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.64,0:09:28.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every time your brain has a success,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.40,0:09:31.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you just changed the goalpost\Nof what success looked like.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.20,0:09:33.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You got good grades,\Nnow you have to get better grades,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.90,0:09:36.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you got into a good school\Nand after you get into a better one,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.90,0:09:39.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you got a good job,\Nnow you have to get a better job,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.50,0:09:41.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you hit your sales target,\Nwe're going to change it.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.100,0:09:45.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if happiness is on the opposite side\Nof success, your brain never gets there.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.90,0:09:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've pushed happiness\Nover the cognitive horizon, as a society.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.00,0:09:51.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's because we think\Nwe have to be successful,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.55,0:09:52.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then we'll be happier.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.70,0:09:54.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But our brains work in the opposite order.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.80,0:09:57.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you can raise somebody's level\Nof positivity in the present,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.80,0:10:01.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then their brain experiences what we now\Ncall a happiness advantage,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.06,0:10:03.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is your brain at positive\Nperforms significantly better
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.100,0:10:05.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than at negative, neutral or stressed.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.89,0:10:09.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your intelligence rises, your creativity\Nrises, your energy levels rise.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.34,0:10:12.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, we've found that every single\Nbusiness outcome improves.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.54,0:10:14.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your brain at positive\Nis 31% more productive
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.69,0:10:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than your brain at negative,\Nneutral or stressed.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.03,0:10:18.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're 37% better at sales.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.43,0:10:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Doctors are 19 percent\Nfaster, more accurate
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.55,0:10:22.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at coming up with the correct diagnosis
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.50,0:10:25.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when positive instead\Nof negative, neutral or stressed.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.20,0:10:27.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which means we can reverse the formula.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.10,0:10:29.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we can find a way of becoming\Npositive in the present,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.90,0:10:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then our brains work\Neven more successfully
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.97,0:10:34.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we're able to work harder,\Nfaster and more intelligently.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.90,0:10:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to be able to reverse this formula
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.00,0:10:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we can start to see what our brains\Nare actually capable of.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.00,0:10:43.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because dopamine, which floods\Ninto your system when you're positive,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.30,0:10:44.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has two functions.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.39,0:10:46.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only does it make you happier,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.39,0:10:48.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it turns on all of the learning\Ncenters in your brain
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.99,0:10:51.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allowing you to adapt\Nto the world in a different way.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.59,0:10:54.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've found there are ways\Nthat you can train your brain
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.29,0:10:55.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be able to become more positive.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.99,0:10:58.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In just a two-minute span of time\Ndone for 21 days in a row,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.99,0:11:00.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can actually rewire your brain,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.69,0:11:04.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allowing your brain to actually work\Nmore optimistically and more successfully.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.59,0:11:06.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've done these things in research now
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.49,0:11:08.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in every company that I've worked with,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.49,0:11:11.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,getting them to write down three new\Nthings that they're grateful for
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.79,0:11:14.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for 21 days in a row,\Nthree new things each day.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.10,0:11:15.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And at the end of that,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.29,0:11:17.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their brain starts to retain a pattern
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.20,0:11:20.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of scanning the world not for\Nthe negative, but for the positive first.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.70,0:11:24.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Journaling about one positive experience\Nyou've had over the past 24 hours
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.30,0:11:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allows your brain to relive it.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.88,0:11:28.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Exercise teaches your brain\Nthat your behavior matters.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.56,0:11:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We find that meditation allows your brain
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.56,0:11:33.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get over the cultural ADHD\Nthat we've been creating
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.16,0:11:35.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by trying to do multiple tasks at once
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.06,0:11:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and allows our brains\Nto focus on the task at hand.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.56,0:11:40.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And finally, random acts of kindness\Nare conscious acts of kindness.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.87,0:11:43.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We get people,\Nwhen they open up their inbox,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.03,0:11:44.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to write one positive email
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.37,0:11:47.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,praising or thanking somebody\Nin their support network.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.07,0:11:48.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And by doing these activities
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.57,0:11:51.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and by training your brain\Njust like we train our bodies,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.27,0:11:54.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we've found is we can reverse\Nthe formula for happiness and success,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.77,0:11:57.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in doing so, not only create\Nripples of positivity,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.50,0:11:58.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but a real revolution.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.60,0:11:59.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.70,0:12:00.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)