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Makadirio-kukaribisha kwenye mkumi

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Katika maisha yako ya hesabu,

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utakutana na hali ambayo itakubidi ukaribishe namba.

4
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Na unaweza kujiuliza kwanini?

5
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Inatokea katika hali gani?

6
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Hii inakuwa katika hali ambayo

7
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unajaribu kupata makadirio ya vitu

8
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labda una kipimo

9
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na unataka kisilingane sawasawa ili kurahisisha

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vitu.

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Au hujui kama kipimo ni sahihi kwa kiasi gani.

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Hivyo hapa tutajadili kukaribisha ni nini.

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Na tutakaribisha namba hizi 36, 34, 35, 26,

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na 12.

15
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Tunakwenda kuzikaribisha kwenye 10

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Na nitakwambia maana yake.

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Hii maana yake chukua kila namba,

18
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na utafute zinazogawanyika kwa 10.

19
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je zinazogawanyika kwa 10 ni zipi?

20
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10 mara 0 ni 0, 10 mara 1

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ni 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, nakuendelea.

22
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Nitaomba usimamishe video,

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na ukumbuke nilichokwambia, makadirio ya

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10 kwa kila namba.

25
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Fikiria

26
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kuitazama hii zaidi

27
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tuchore mstari wa namba hapa.

28
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Nitaweka mistari miwili ya namba hapa.

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Hivyo tuna mistari ya namba hapa.

30
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Na tuone wapi hizi alama

31
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zitakaa kwenye mstari huu wa namba.

32
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Kwanza namba 36 wapi

33
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itakaa wapi kwenye huu mstari wa namba?

34
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hivyo ni kati ya 30 na 40.

35
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na hii alama ndogo ya bluu ni 35

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Hivyo 36 ni kubwa zaidi kuliko 53

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hivyo 36 itakuwa hapa.

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Na tukiikuza ni kati ya 30 na 40.

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Kwhiyo tukisema hii ni 30 na hii ni 40.

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je 36 itakuwa wapi?

41
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Halafu hii ni 35.

42
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36 ni mbele kidogo

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hivyo 36 itakuwa hapa.

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Hivyo tukitaka kuikaribisha kwenye makumi

45
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Njia mbili za kufanya ni zipi?

46
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Nitachukua 36 na kuikaribisha

47
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kwenye zinazogawanyika kwa 10 ambayo ni 40.

48
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hivyo ningekaribisha mpaka kwenye 40

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na ya chini inayogawanyika kwa 10 ni 30.

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Na inabidi nijue ni namba ipi

51
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ipo karibu zaidi.

52
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Hivyo ukiangalia hapa

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unaona.

54
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Lakini pia ungeweza sema 36 ni namba nne kufikia 40

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na ni 6 kurudi kwenye 30, ni karibu na 40

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hivyo tutakaribisha.

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tutakaribisha mpaka kwenye 40.

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Hii ndio kukaribisha kwa kuongeza.

59
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Sasa tujaribu namba hizi.

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vipi kuhusu 34?

61
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Na naomba usimamishe video.

62
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Tafuta namba ambayo

63
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utakadiria kwa kuongeza na kwa kupunguza,

64
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na ipi iko karibu.

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34 iko hapa kwenye namba hii,

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tukiivuta karibu, 34 iko hapa.

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Na tuna njia mbili.

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Zinazogawanyika kwa 10 juu ya 34

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zinazogawanyika kwa 10 zaidi ya 34 ni 40.

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Zinazogawanyika kwa 10 chini ya 34 ni 30.

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Je ipi iko karibu?

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Ni nne tu kutoka kwenye 30 na 6 kutoka kwenye 40,

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ni karibu na 30

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Hivyo tutakaribisha kwa kupunguza mpaka 30.

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Na kumbuka tumekwenda kwenye 30.

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Na unaweza fikiri tulivyokaribisha

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kwenye makumi, imeongezeka toka kwenye 3 mpaka 4, kutoka kwenye 30 mpaka kwenye 40.

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Labda tukikaribisha kwa kupunguza , sehemu ya makumi

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itapungua kutoka kwenye 30 kwenda 20 ,hapana 30

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inagawanyika kwa 10 chini ya 34.

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Kwahiyo ukikaribisha kwa kupunguza unaenda

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kwenye zinazogawanyika kwa kumi ila kwenye mamoja itakuwa 0.

84
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Sasa tujaribu na hii.

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Tujaribu kukaribisha namba 35 kwenye makumi.

86
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Kabla hatujaifanya,

87
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tutazame njia mbili tunazoweza kutumia.

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Tumeshaziona.

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35 iko hapa.

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Kwenye huu mstari wa namba ni, 35

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na tuna njia mbili.

92
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35 tunaweza kukaribisha kwa kuongeza mpaka 40 na kukaribisha kwa kupunguza mpaka 30.

93
00:04:07,270 --> 00:04:10,430
Nitashauri usimamishe video

94
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hii kidogo inachanganya

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kwasababu kwenda juu ni tano kurudi chini ni tano.

96
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5 toka kwenye 40 na 5 kwenda kwenye 30

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Hivyo wanahesabu

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waliamua kueleza cha kufanya unapokutana na hii hesabu

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ambapo una 5 kwenye mamoja.

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kama una 5 au zaidi kwenye mamoja utakaribisha kwa kuongeza.

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Hii ndio kanuni yake.

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Ikiwa 5 au zaidi kwenye mamoja , unakaribisha kwa kuongeza.

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Hivyo 35 unakaribisha mpaka 40.

104
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Tambua, 6 kwenye mamoja ilikuwa tano au zaidi

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Hivyo kama unakaribisha kwenye makumi, unakaribisha kwa kuongeza mpaka 40.

106
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Nne kwenye mamoja sio 5 au zaidi, hivyo unakaribisha kwa kupunguza.

107
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Na hii inaleta maana

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kwenye hizi namba mbili.

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Tujaribu tuone nini kinatokea kwenye 26.

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26, njia ni zipi?

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kwenye 26 zinazogawanyika kwa 10 kwenda juu ni zipi?

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na zinazogawanyika kwa 10 kwenda chini ni zipi?

113
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Sawa, inayogawanyika kwa 10 kwenda juu ni 30,

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na kwenda chini ni 20.

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Hivyo tunakaribisha kwa kuongeza mpaka 30.

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tunakaribisha kwa kupunguza mpaka 20.

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kama tunakaribisha kwenye makumi

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tunaangalia sehemu ya makumi.

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Hivyo ndivyo tutakavyokaribisha.

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tutakaribisha kwenye makumi--

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lakini tunaangalia kwenye sehemu ya mamoja.

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Sehemu ya mamoja itaamua.

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Na tunaona hapa hii ni 5 au zaidi.

124
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Au unaweza sema hii ni kubwa kuliko au ni sawasawa na 5

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Hivyo tunakaribisha kwa kuongeza.

126
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26 kwenye makumi tunakaribisha kwa kuongeza mpaka 30.

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Je vipi kuhusu 12?

128
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Nadhani unaelewa sasa

129
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Sasa tufikirie zinazogawanyika kwa 10 zaidi ya 12.

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Hivyo tunaweza kukaribisha kwa kuongeza mpaka 20.

131
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12 iko hapa.

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tunaweza karibisha kwa kuongeza mpaka 20 au kupunguza mpaka 10.

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kama tunakaribisha kwenye makumi,

134
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tutaangalia kwenye mamoja.

135
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Tutaangalia kwenye mamoja hapa.

136
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Hii ni ndogo kuliko 5.

137
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Kwasababu ni ndogo kuliko 5tunakaribisha kwa kupunguza,

138
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ambayo inaleta maana kwasababu ni karibu 10

139
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kuliko ilivyo 20.

140
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Hivyotunakaribisha kwa kupunguza mpaka 12,

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utapata 10.