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[Behind the screens:[br]Who decides what I see online?]

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Hi, my name’s Taylor.

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I study the internet and journalism,

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and how we as citizens receive[br]information about the world.

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In the olden days [br]when people got information,

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it was mostly decided by people.

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There were humans that decided[br]what we needed to know.

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So when we opened the newspaper[br]or turned on the evening news,

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it was a person that decided [br]what we heard and saw.

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The result of that is[br]that we all knew similar things.

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Now the internet has changed everything.

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When you go online,[br]when you open an application,

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what you see is determined not by a person

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but by a machine.

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And this is awesome in a lot of ways:

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It allows you to use Google Maps;

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It allows you to order food online;

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It allows you to connect[br]with friends around the world

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and share information...

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But there are aspects of this machine

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that we need to think[br]really carefully about

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because they determine[br]the information that we all receive

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as citizens in a society[br]and in a democracy.

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So when you open up an app

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and you’re shown a picture[br]in your Snapchat feed,

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all of that information[br]is determined by this machine,

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and that machine is driven [br]by the incentives of the company

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that owns the website[br]or owns the application.

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And the incentive is for you [br]to spend as much time as possible

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inside that application.

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So they do things that make you feel[br]very good about being there.

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They allow people to like your photos.

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They show you content[br]that they think you want to see

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that will either make you[br]really happy or really angry

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that will get an emotional response[br]from you to keep you there.

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That is because they want[br]to show you as many ads as possible

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when you’re there

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because that is their business model.

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They’re also taking that same[br]opportunity of you being in their app

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to collect data about you.

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And they use these data

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to create detailed profiles[br]of your life and your behaviour,

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and these profiles can then be used

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to target more ads back to you,

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and that then determines[br]what you see as well.

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But all of this isn’t just about[br]the business model of these companies,

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it actually has an impact on our democracy

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because what we each see on the internet[br]is highly customized to us,

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to what we like,

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to what we believe,

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to what we want to see or want to believe.

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And that means that as a society,

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we no longer all have[br]a shared set of knowledge

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which is hard for a democracy[br]that requires us

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to work together and know the same things

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to make decisions[br]about our lives together.

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When we all know different things

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and we’re all being siloed into[br]our own little bubbles of information,

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it’s incredibility difficult for us[br]to get along with one another.

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We have no shared experience[br]or shared knowledge.

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I think it’s really important[br]that we think critically

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about the information we receive online,

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and about the companies[br]and structures that determine

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what we see on the internet.

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[NewsWise is a project of CIVIX&[br]The Canadian Journalism Foundation]

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Subtitles by Claudia Contreras[br]Review by Carol Wang