WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.450 It's really really great to be here. 00:00:02.659 --> 00:00:05.254 You have the power to change the world. 00:00:05.508 --> 00:00:06.397 I’m not saying that to be cliché, 00:00:06.422 --> 00:00:08.898 you really have the power to change the world. 00:00:09.090 --> 00:00:11.276 Deep inside of you, every single one of you 00:00:11.301 --> 00:00:14.532 has the most powerful device known to man. 00:00:15.113 --> 00:00:17.113 And that's an idea. 00:00:17.113 --> 00:00:20.383 So a single idea, from the human mind, 00:00:20.383 --> 00:00:22.273 it could start the ground swell, 00:00:22.273 --> 00:00:24.683 it could be a flash point for a movement, 00:00:24.683 --> 00:00:27.633 and it can actually rewrite our future. 00:00:27.633 --> 00:00:30.483 But an idea is powerless, 00:00:30.483 --> 00:00:32.529 if it stays inside of you. 00:00:32.542 --> 00:00:35.428 If you never pull that idea out for others to contend with, 00:00:35.428 --> 00:00:37.110 it will die with you. 00:00:37.110 --> 00:00:40.623 Now maybe some of you guys are trying to convey your idea, 00:00:40.623 --> 00:00:42.061 and it wasn't adopted, it was rejected 00:00:42.061 --> 00:00:45.685 and some other mediocre or average idea was adopted. 00:00:45.685 --> 00:00:49.663 And the only difference between those two is in the way it was communicated. 00:00:49.663 --> 00:00:52.568 Because if you communicate an idea in a way that resonates, 00:00:52.568 --> 00:00:56.148 change will happen, and you can change the world. 00:00:56.163 --> 00:00:58.796 In my family, we collect these vintage European posters. 00:00:58.796 --> 00:01:01.185 Every time we go to Maui, we go to the dealer there, 00:01:01.185 --> 00:01:03.121 and he turns these great big posters. 00:01:03.121 --> 00:01:05.003 I love them. They all have one idea, 00:01:05.003 --> 00:01:07.553 and one really clear visual that conveys the idea. 00:01:07.553 --> 00:01:09.773 They are about the size of a mattress. They are really big, 00:01:09.773 --> 00:01:12.383 they're not as thick as a mattress, but they are big. 00:01:12.383 --> 00:01:14.643 And the guy will tell the stories as he turns the pages. 00:01:14.673 --> 00:01:17.054 And there was one time I was flanked by my two kids, 00:01:17.054 --> 00:01:20.443 and he turns the page and this poster is underneath, 00:01:20.443 --> 00:01:22.443 and right when I leaned forward and say, 00:01:22.443 --> 00:01:24.913 "Oh my god, I love this poster," 00:01:24.913 --> 00:01:27.924 both of my kids jumped back and they are like "Oh my god, mom, it's you." 00:01:27.930 --> 00:01:31.228 And this is the poster. (Laughter) 00:01:31.243 --> 00:01:33.173 See I'm like "Fire it up!" 00:01:33.173 --> 00:01:35.883 The thing I loved about this poster was the irony. 00:01:35.883 --> 00:01:38.221 Here's this chick all fired up, headed into battle, 00:01:38.221 --> 00:01:39.724 – as the standard there, – 00:01:39.724 --> 00:01:42.703 and she's holding these little Suavitos baking spices, 00:01:42.703 --> 00:01:45.683 like something so seemingly insignificant, 00:01:45.683 --> 00:01:47.683 though she's willing to risk, you know, 00:01:47.683 --> 00:01:50.153 life and limb to promote this thing. 00:01:50.161 --> 00:01:53.402 So if you are to swap out, swap out those little Suavitos baking spices 00:01:53.402 --> 00:01:55.393 with a presentation. 00:01:55.393 --> 00:01:57.743 Yeah, it's me, pretty fired up. 00:01:57.743 --> 00:02:00.223 I was fired up about presentations back when it wasn't cool 00:02:00.223 --> 00:02:02.538 to be fired up about presentations. 00:02:02.538 --> 00:02:04.933 I really think they have the power to change the world 00:02:04.933 --> 00:02:07.408 when you communicate effectively through them. 00:02:07.423 --> 00:02:09.703 And changing the world is hard. 00:02:09.703 --> 00:02:13.183 It won't happen with just one person with one single idea. 00:02:13.183 --> 00:02:16.533 That idea has got to spread, or it won't be effective. 00:02:16.533 --> 00:02:18.400 So it has to come out of you 00:02:18.400 --> 00:02:21.605 and out into the open for people to see. 00:02:21.605 --> 00:02:26.333 And the way that ideas are conveyed the most effectively is through story. 00:02:26.333 --> 00:02:29.213 You know, for thousands of years, illiterate generations 00:02:29.222 --> 00:02:32.963 would pass on their values and their culture from generation to generation, 00:02:32.963 --> 00:02:34.853 and they would stay intact. 00:02:34.853 --> 00:02:37.473 So there's something kind of magical about a story structure 00:02:37.473 --> 00:02:39.883 that makes it so that when it's assembled, 00:02:39.883 --> 00:02:42.014 it can be ingested and then recalled 00:02:42.014 --> 00:02:44.620 by the person who's receiving it. 00:02:44.620 --> 00:02:48.503 So basically a story, you get a physical reaction, 00:02:48.503 --> 00:02:51.513 your heart can race, your eyes can dilate, 00:02:51.513 --> 00:02:53.914 you could talk about, "Oh I got a chill down my spine" 00:02:53.914 --> 00:02:56.111 or, "I could feel it in the pit of my stomach". 00:02:56.111 --> 00:02:59.203 We actually physically react when someone is telling us a story. 00:02:59.203 --> 00:03:01.606 So even though the stage is the same, a story can be told, 00:03:01.606 --> 00:03:04.363 but once a presentation is told, it completely flatlines. 00:03:04.363 --> 00:03:05.898 And I wanted to figure out why. 00:03:05.898 --> 00:03:09.501 Why is it that we physically sit with wrapped attention during a story, 00:03:09.501 --> 00:03:11.952 but it just dies for a presentation. 00:03:11.952 --> 00:03:15.833 So I wanted to figure out, how do you incorporate story into presentations. 00:03:15.833 --> 00:03:18.123 So we've had thousands of presentations 00:03:18.123 --> 00:03:20.764 back at the shop – hundreds of thousands of presentations actually, 00:03:20.764 --> 00:03:23.668 so I knew the contexts of a really bad presentation. 00:03:23.682 --> 00:03:26.393 I decided to study cinema, and literature, 00:03:26.402 --> 00:03:28.794 and really dig in and figure out what was going on 00:03:28.794 --> 00:03:30.851 and why it was broken. 00:03:30.851 --> 00:03:33.770 So, I want to show you some of the findings 00:03:33.770 --> 00:03:37.983 that led up to what I think of – I've uncovered as a presentation form. 00:03:37.983 --> 00:03:40.113 So it was obvious to start with Aristotle, 00:03:40.113 --> 00:03:42.607 he had a three act structure, a beginning, a middle and an end, 00:03:42.607 --> 00:03:44.800 studied poetics and rhetoric, 00:03:44.800 --> 00:03:48.303 and a lot of presentations don't even have that in its most simple form. 00:03:48.303 --> 00:03:51.053 And then when I moved on to studying hero archetypes 00:03:51.053 --> 00:03:52.861 I thought, "OK, the presenter is the hero, 00:03:52.861 --> 00:03:55.117 they are up on the stage, they're the star of the show." 00:03:55.117 --> 00:03:58.373 It's really easy to feel that way, as the presenter, that you are the star of the show. 00:03:58.373 --> 00:04:00.893 I realized right away, that that's really broken. 00:04:00.893 --> 00:04:04.433 Because I have an idea, I can put it out there, 00:04:04.433 --> 00:04:07.113 but if you guys don't grab that idea and hold it as dear, 00:04:07.113 --> 00:04:09.633 the idea goes nowhere and the world is never changed. 00:04:09.633 --> 00:04:11.895 So in reality, the presenter isn't the hero, 00:04:11.895 --> 00:04:14.738 the audience is the hero of our idea. 00:04:14.738 --> 00:04:17.183 So if you look at Joseph Campbell's Hero's Journey, 00:04:17.183 --> 00:04:20.403 just in the front part, there was some really interesting insights there. 00:04:20.403 --> 00:04:22.899 So there is this likable hero in an ordinary world, 00:04:22.899 --> 00:04:24.773 and they get this call to adventure. 00:04:24.773 --> 00:04:26.552 So the world is kind of brought out of balance. 00:04:26.552 --> 00:04:28.333 And at first they're resistant, 00:04:28.333 --> 00:04:30.690 they're like "I don't know if I want to jump into this" 00:04:30.690 --> 00:04:31.968 and then a mentor comes along 00:04:31.968 --> 00:04:34.271 and helps them move from their ordinary world 00:04:34.271 --> 00:04:35.856 into a special world. 00:04:35.856 --> 00:04:37.873 And that's the role of the presenter. 00:04:37.873 --> 00:04:40.773 It's to be the mentor. You are not Luke Skywalker, you're Yoda. 00:04:40.773 --> 00:04:42.872 You're the one that actually helps the audience 00:04:42.872 --> 00:04:46.986 move from one thing and into your new special idea, 00:04:46.986 --> 00:04:49.053 and that's the power of story. 00:04:49.053 --> 00:04:53.463 So in its most simple structure, it's a three part structure of the story. 00:04:53.463 --> 00:04:56.283 You have a likable hero, who has a desire, 00:04:56.283 --> 00:04:59.133 they encounter a roadblock, and ultimately 00:04:59.133 --> 00:05:02.809 they emerge, transform, and that's the basic structure. 00:05:02.810 --> 00:05:06.553 But it wasn't until I came across a Gustav Freytag's pyramid 00:05:06.553 --> 00:05:09.317 – he drew this shape in 1863. 00:05:09.317 --> 00:05:11.668 Now he was a German dramatist, 00:05:11.676 --> 00:05:13.979 – he was a German dramatist – 00:05:13.979 --> 00:05:16.767 and he believed there is a five act structure, 00:05:16.767 --> 00:05:22.566 which has an exposition, a rising action, a climax, a falling action and a denouement, 00:05:22.566 --> 00:05:25.733 which is the unraveling or the resolution of the story. 00:05:25.733 --> 00:05:27.948 I love this shape. So we talk about shapes. 00:05:27.948 --> 00:05:30.249 Story has an arc, well an arc is a shape. 00:05:30.249 --> 00:05:33.690 We talk about classical music, having a shapeliness to it. 00:05:33.705 --> 00:05:37.363 So I thought, hey, if presentations had a shape, what would that shape be? 00:05:37.363 --> 00:05:40.563 And how did the greatest communicators use that shape 00:05:40.563 --> 00:05:41.930 or do they use a shape? 00:05:41.930 --> 00:05:44.083 So I'll never forget, it was a Saturday morning. 00:05:44.083 --> 00:05:46.470 After all this study, – it was a couple of years of study – 00:05:46.470 --> 00:05:47.867 I drew a shape. 00:05:47.867 --> 00:05:48.895 And I was like, 00:05:48.895 --> 00:05:50.429 "Oh my gosh, if this shape is real, 00:05:50.429 --> 00:05:53.267 I should be able to take two completely different presentations, 00:05:53.267 --> 00:05:55.619 and overlay it and it should be true." 00:05:55.619 --> 00:05:56.922 So I took the obvious, 00:05:56.922 --> 00:05:59.024 I took Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech, 00:05:59.024 --> 00:06:01.943 and I took Steve Jobs' 2007 iPhone launch speech, 00:06:01.943 --> 00:06:04.093 I overlaid it over it, and it worked. 00:06:04.093 --> 00:06:07.603 I sat in my office, just astounded. I actually cried a little, 00:06:07.603 --> 00:06:10.593 because I was like, "I've been given this gift," 00:06:10.593 --> 00:06:11.719 and here it is, 00:06:11.719 --> 00:06:14.993 this is the shape of a great presentation. 00:06:14.993 --> 00:06:19.033 Isn't it amazing? (Mock sob; laughter) I was crying. 00:06:19.033 --> 00:06:21.583 So I want to walk you through it, 'cause it's actually pretty astounding. 00:06:21.583 --> 00:06:23.903 There is a beginning, a middle and an end and I want to walk you through it. 00:06:23.903 --> 00:06:27.753 Because the greatest communicators of all times, – I went through speeches, everything, – 00:06:27.753 --> 00:06:29.013 actually I can overlay the shape, 00:06:29.013 --> 00:06:31.663 even the Gettysburg Address follows the shape. 00:06:31.663 --> 00:06:35.233 So the beginning of any presentation, you need to establish what is. 00:06:35.233 --> 00:06:37.693 You know, here's the status quo, here's what's going on. 00:06:37.693 --> 00:06:40.273 And then you need to compare that to what could be. 00:06:40.273 --> 00:06:43.183 Now you need to make that gap as big as possible, 00:06:43.183 --> 00:06:47.047 because there is this commonplace of the status quo, 00:06:47.047 --> 00:06:49.913 and you need to contrast that with the loftiness of your idea. 00:06:49.913 --> 00:06:52.098 So it's like you know, here's the past, here's the present, 00:06:52.098 --> 00:06:54.281 but look at our future. 00:06:54.281 --> 00:06:55.601 Here's a problem, 00:06:55.601 --> 00:06:57.398 but look at that problem removed. 00:06:57.398 --> 00:06:58.719 Here's a roadblock, 00:06:58.719 --> 00:07:00.410 let's annihilate the roadblock. 00:07:00.410 --> 00:07:02.503 You need to really amplify that gap. 00:07:02.503 --> 00:07:05.353 This would be like the inciting incident in a movie. 00:07:05.353 --> 00:07:08.663 That's when suddenly the audience has to contend with what you just put out there 00:07:08.663 --> 00:07:09.819 and they have to say "Wow, 00:07:09.819 --> 00:07:12.013 do I want to agree with this and align with it or not?" 00:07:12.013 --> 00:07:15.361 And in the rest of your presentation should support that. 00:07:15.361 --> 00:07:17.972 So the middle goes back and forth, 00:07:17.972 --> 00:07:21.383 it traverses between what is and what could be, what is and what could be. 00:07:21.383 --> 00:07:22.783 Because what you are trying to do 00:07:22.783 --> 00:07:25.822 is make the status quo and the normal unappealing, 00:07:25.822 --> 00:07:30.586 and you're wanting to draw them towards what could be in the future with your idea adopted. 00:07:30.586 --> 00:07:33.643 Now, on your way to change the world, people are gonna resist, 00:07:33.643 --> 00:07:35.963 they are not going to be excited, they may love the world the way it is. 00:07:35.963 --> 00:07:37.623 So you'll encounter resistance. 00:07:37.623 --> 00:07:39.585 That's why you have to move back and forth, 00:07:39.585 --> 00:07:41.763 that's similar to sailing. 00:07:41.763 --> 00:07:45.172 When you're sailing against the wind, and there is wind resistance, 00:07:45.172 --> 00:07:48.523 you have to move your boat back and forth, and back and forth. 00:07:48.523 --> 00:07:50.166 That's so you can capture the wind. 00:07:50.166 --> 00:07:53.683 You have to actually capture the resistance coming against you when you are sailing. 00:07:53.683 --> 00:07:57.833 Now interesting, if you capture the wind just right, and you set your sail just right, 00:07:57.833 --> 00:08:00.149 your ship will actually sail faster than the wind itself 00:08:00.149 --> 00:08:01.975 – it is a physics phenomenon. 00:08:01.975 --> 00:08:05.542 So by planting in there, the way they're gonna resist between what is and what can be, 00:08:05.542 --> 00:08:10.519 is actually going to draw them towards your idea quicker than should you not do that. 00:08:10.519 --> 00:08:14.093 So after you've moved back and forth between what is and what could be, 00:08:14.093 --> 00:08:17.848 the last turning point is a call-to-action which every presentation should have 00:08:17.848 --> 00:08:19.389 – but at the very end. 00:08:19.389 --> 00:08:21.311 You need to describe the world as a new bliss, 00:08:21.311 --> 00:08:23.773 "This is utopia with my idea adopted." 00:08:23.773 --> 00:08:25.196 "This is the way the world is going to look, 00:08:25.196 --> 00:08:27.881 when we join together and we solve this big problem." 00:08:27.881 --> 00:08:30.219 You need to use that as your ending, 00:08:30.219 --> 00:08:33.357 in a very poetic and a dramatic way. 00:08:33.357 --> 00:08:36.418 So, interestingly, when I was done, I was like, "You know what? 00:08:36.418 --> 00:08:39.266 I could use this as an analysis tool." 00:08:39.266 --> 00:08:41.423 I actually transcribe speeches 00:08:41.423 --> 00:08:43.097 and I would actually map out, 00:08:43.097 --> 00:08:44.973 how much they map to this tool. 00:08:44.973 --> 00:08:47.006 So I want to show you some of that today, 00:08:47.006 --> 00:08:50.041 and I want to start with the very two people that I used when I first did. 00:08:50.064 --> 00:08:53.053 Here's Mr. Jobs, completely has changed the world. 00:08:53.053 --> 00:08:55.948 Changed the world of personal computing, he has changed the music industry, 00:08:55.957 --> 00:08:58.093 and now he is on his way to change the device, 00:08:58.093 --> 00:08:59.283 the mobile device industry. 00:08:59.283 --> 00:09:00.613 So he has definitely changed the world. 00:09:00.613 --> 00:09:04.014 And this is the shape of his iPhone launch 2007, 00:09:04.014 --> 00:09:05.179 when he launched his iPhone. 00:09:05.179 --> 00:09:08.260 It's a ninety-minute-talk and you can see he starts with what is, 00:09:08.260 --> 00:09:11.680 traverses back and forth and ends with what could be. 00:09:11.680 --> 00:09:13.838 So I want to zoom in on this: 00:09:13.847 --> 00:09:17.281 the white line is him speaking, he's talking. 00:09:17.281 --> 00:09:20.853 And the next color line you see popped up there, that's when he cuts to video. 00:09:20.853 --> 00:09:23.003 So he's adding some variety and he cuts to demo. 00:09:23.003 --> 00:09:25.293 So it's not just him talking the whole time. 00:09:25.293 --> 00:09:28.349 And these lines are representative there. 00:09:28.349 --> 00:09:31.966 And then towards the end you'll see a blue line, which will be the guest speaker. 00:09:31.966 --> 00:09:34.166 So this is where it gets kind of interesting: 00:09:34.166 --> 00:09:37.015 every tick mark here is when he made them laugh. 00:09:37.015 --> 00:09:39.433 And every tick mark here is when he made them clap. 00:09:39.433 --> 00:09:41.523 They are so involved physically, 00:09:41.523 --> 00:09:45.303 they are physically reacting to what he is saying, which is actually fantastic, 00:09:45.303 --> 00:09:48.483 because then now you have the audience in your hand. 00:09:48.483 --> 00:09:51.333 So he kicks off what could be, 00:09:51.333 --> 00:09:54.773 with "This is a day I've been looking forward to for two and a half years." 00:09:54.773 --> 00:09:56.283 So he is launching a product 00:09:56.283 --> 00:09:58.143 that he's known about already for a couple of years. 00:09:58.143 --> 00:09:59.773 So this is not a new product to him. 00:09:59.773 --> 00:10:01.773 But look at this, he does this other thing: 00:10:01.773 --> 00:10:03.153 he marvels. 00:10:03.153 --> 00:10:04.615 He marvels at his own product. 00:10:04.615 --> 00:10:07.856 He marvels himself more than the audience laughs or claps. 00:10:07.856 --> 00:10:11.343 So he is like, "Isn't this awesome? Isn't this beautiful?" 00:10:11.343 --> 00:10:14.883 He is modeling for the audience what he wants them to feel. 00:10:14.883 --> 00:10:19.423 So he is actually doing a job of compelling them to feel a certain way. 00:10:19.423 --> 00:10:21.643 So he kicks off with what could be, 00:10:21.643 --> 00:10:26.243 with "Every once in a while, a revolutionary product comes along that changes everything." 00:10:26.243 --> 00:10:28.663 So he starts to kick in and talk about his new product. 00:10:28.663 --> 00:10:31.713 Now at the beginning of it, he actually keeps the phone off. 00:10:31.713 --> 00:10:34.863 You'll see that the line is pretty wide up until this point, 00:10:34.863 --> 00:10:39.503 so he goes off between "Here's this new phone and here's the sucky competitors. 00:10:39.503 --> 00:10:42.443 Here's this new phone and here's the sucking competitors." 00:10:42.443 --> 00:10:45.236 And then, right about here, he has the star moment 00:10:45.236 --> 00:10:47.325 – and that something we'll always remember. 00:10:47.325 --> 00:10:48.846 He does, he turns the phone on. 00:10:48.846 --> 00:10:50.655 The audience sees scrolling for the first time, 00:10:50.655 --> 00:10:52.405 you can hear the oxygen sucked out of the room. 00:10:52.405 --> 00:10:54.373 They gasped. You can actually hear it. 00:10:54.373 --> 00:10:56.763 So he creates a moment that they'll always remember. 00:10:56.763 --> 00:10:59.247 So if we move along this model, you can see the blue 00:10:59.247 --> 00:11:01.015 – where the external speakers are going in – 00:11:01.015 --> 00:11:03.755 and then, over towards the bottom right, the line breaks. 00:11:03.755 --> 00:11:05.663 That's because of his clicker broke. 00:11:05.663 --> 00:11:08.505 So what is he doing? He wants to keep this heightened sense of excitement. 00:11:08.505 --> 00:11:10.213 He tells a personal story, 00:11:10.213 --> 00:11:12.283 right there, where the technology didn't work. 00:11:12.283 --> 00:11:14.435 So he is the master communicator and he turns to story 00:11:14.435 --> 00:11:16.479 to keep the audience involved. 00:11:16.479 --> 00:11:19.383 So the top right he ends with the new bliss. 00:11:19.383 --> 00:11:20.744 He leaves them with the promise 00:11:20.744 --> 00:11:24.213 that Apple will continue to build revolutionary new products. 00:11:24.213 --> 00:11:26.353 And he says, 00:11:26.353 --> 00:11:28.863 "There's an old Wayne Gretzky quote that I love: 00:11:28.863 --> 00:11:31.413 'I skate to where the puck is going to be, not to where it has been.' 00:11:31.413 --> 00:11:35.362 We've always tried to do that at Apple and since the very very beginning, we always will." 00:11:35.362 --> 00:11:37.395 So he ends with the new bliss. 00:11:37.395 --> 00:11:39.163 So let's look at Mr. King. 00:11:39.163 --> 00:11:41.683 He was an amazing visionary, he's a clergyman, 00:11:41.683 --> 00:11:44.463 who spent his life working hard for equality. 00:11:44.463 --> 00:11:47.153 And this is the shape of the "I Have a Dream" speech. 00:11:47.153 --> 00:11:48.383 You can see he starts with 'what is', 00:11:48.383 --> 00:11:51.018 moves back and forth between what is and what could be, 00:11:51.018 --> 00:11:55.593 and ends with a very poetic new bliss, which is the famous part we all know. 00:11:55.593 --> 00:11:59.395 So I'm gonna spread it out a little bit here, stretch it for ya', 00:11:59.395 --> 00:12:01.794 and what I'm doing here is I put the actual transcript there 00:12:01.794 --> 00:12:04.342 along with the text. I know you can't read it. 00:12:04.342 --> 00:12:06.751 But at the end of every line break, I broke the line there, 00:12:06.751 --> 00:12:09.256 because he took a breath and he paused. 00:12:09.256 --> 00:12:12.193 Now he was a Southern Baptist preacher, most people haven't heard that, 00:12:12.193 --> 00:12:13.882 so he had a real cadence and a rhythm, 00:12:13.882 --> 00:12:15.695 that was really new for people there. 00:12:15.695 --> 00:12:18.523 So I want to cover up these lines of texts with a bar 00:12:18.523 --> 00:12:22.103 'cause I want to use this bar as an information device here. 00:12:22.103 --> 00:12:25.443 So let's walk through how he actually spoke to the people. 00:12:26.303 --> 00:12:28.675 The blue bars here are going to be when he used 00:12:28.675 --> 00:12:30.608 the actual rhetorical device of repetition. 00:12:30.608 --> 00:12:31.818 So he was repeating himself, 00:12:31.818 --> 00:12:34.093 he was using the same words and phrases, 00:12:34.093 --> 00:12:36.673 so people could remember and recall them. 00:12:36.673 --> 00:12:39.693 But then he also used a lot of metaphors and visual words. 00:12:39.693 --> 00:12:42.138 This was a way to take really complicated ideas 00:12:42.138 --> 00:12:45.069 and make it memorable, and knowledgeable, so people got it. 00:12:45.069 --> 00:12:46.571 He actually created very – 00:12:46.571 --> 00:12:49.148 almost like scenes with his words to make it – 00:12:49.148 --> 00:12:51.606 so they could envision what he was saying. 00:12:51.606 --> 00:12:54.863 And then there were also a lot of familiar songs and scriptures that he used. 00:12:54.872 --> 00:12:56.953 This is just the front end of it that you are seeing. 00:12:56.953 --> 00:13:01.953 And then he also made a lot of political references of the promises that were made to the people. 00:13:01.953 --> 00:13:04.673 So if we look at the very first end of 'what is', 00:13:04.673 --> 00:13:09.843 at the very end of 'what is' was the very first time that people actually clapped and roared really loud. 00:13:09.843 --> 00:13:11.838 So the end of 'what is', what he did is, he said, 00:13:11.838 --> 00:13:14.005 "America has given the Negro people a bad check, 00:13:14.005 --> 00:13:16.633 a check which has come back marked insufficient funds." 00:13:16.633 --> 00:13:19.283 Well, everyone knows what is like to not have money in your account. 00:13:19.283 --> 00:13:22.533 So he used the metaphor people were very familiar with. 00:13:22.533 --> 00:13:26.833 But when they really charged up, the very first time they really screamed was: 00:13:26.833 --> 00:13:28.893 "So we have come to cash this check, 00:13:28.907 --> 00:13:33.823 a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice." 00:13:33.823 --> 00:13:35.328 That's when they really clapped. 00:13:35.336 --> 00:13:38.363 It was when he compared what currently is to what could be. 00:13:38.363 --> 00:13:40.930 So when we move along a little farther in the model, 00:13:40.930 --> 00:13:44.070 you'll see it goes back and forth in a more frenzy pace. 00:13:44.070 --> 00:13:46.412 And this is when he goes back and forth, and back and forth, 00:13:46.412 --> 00:13:48.603 now the audience was in a frenzy. 00:13:48.603 --> 00:13:50.832 You know, they were all excited, and so you can actually do this 00:13:50.832 --> 00:13:54.061 to keep them in a heightened sense of excitement. 00:13:54.061 --> 00:13:56.553 So he says, "I have a dream 00:13:56.553 --> 00:14:01.453 that one day this nation will rise up and live out the meaning of its creed. 00:14:01.453 --> 00:14:04.900 'We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.'" 00:14:04.900 --> 00:14:07.991 So you can see he uses the little orange text there to remind them of the promise 00:14:07.991 --> 00:14:11.133 that the politicians had made to him or that this country had made. 00:14:11.133 --> 00:14:12.847 Then he moves back and forth between 00:14:12.847 --> 00:14:16.344 "I have a dream that one day, I have a dream that one day, 00:14:16.344 --> 00:14:19.673 I have a dream that one day", and at the end, it gets really interesting here. 00:14:19.673 --> 00:14:22.393 Because he uses, you can look the four shades of green, 00:14:22.393 --> 00:14:25.173 there's a lot of blue there, which was a lot of repetition, 00:14:25.173 --> 00:14:27.173 he had a heightened sense of repetition. 00:14:27.173 --> 00:14:30.513 And the green was a heightened sense of songs and scriptures. 00:14:30.513 --> 00:14:34.913 So with the first batch of green was the actual scripture from the book of Isaiah. 00:14:34.913 --> 00:14:38.163 The second batch of green was "My Country, 'Tis of Thee." 00:14:38.163 --> 00:14:41.441 Now, that's a familiar song that was specifically very significant 00:14:41.441 --> 00:14:43.270 for the black people at the time, 00:14:43.270 --> 00:14:47.443 because this song was the song they chose to change the words to as an outcry, 00:14:47.443 --> 00:14:49.853 saying that promises had not been kept. 00:14:49.853 --> 00:14:54.033 So the third batch of green was actually a stanza from "My Country, 'Tis of Thee." 00:14:54.033 --> 00:14:56.783 And then the fourth was a Negro spiritual. 00:14:56.783 --> 00:14:59.963 "Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, I'm free at last!" 00:14:59.963 --> 00:15:04.663 So what he did is he actually reached inside of the hearts of the audience. 00:15:04.663 --> 00:15:06.712 He pulled from scriptures what is important. 00:15:06.712 --> 00:15:08.824 He pulled from songs that they'd sung together, 00:15:08.824 --> 00:15:12.076 as an outcry against this outrage and he used those as a device 00:15:12.076 --> 00:15:14.073 to connect and resonate with the audience. 00:15:14.073 --> 00:15:16.592 Ending, painting a picture of this new bliss, 00:15:16.592 --> 00:15:21.203 using the very things inside of them that they already held as sacred. 00:15:21.203 --> 00:15:24.283 So he was a great man. He had a big, big dream. 00:15:24.283 --> 00:15:26.993 There's a lot of people here, you guys have really big dreams. (Laughter) 00:15:26.993 --> 00:15:28.618 There're really big ideas inside of you 00:15:28.618 --> 00:15:31.210 that you need to get out. But you know what? 00:15:31.210 --> 00:15:35.103 We encounter hardships. It's not easy to change the world, it's a big job. 00:15:35.103 --> 00:15:36.842 And you know he was – 00:15:36.842 --> 00:15:38.760 his house was bombed, he was stabbed with a letter opener, 00:15:38.760 --> 00:15:40.543 ultimately, he lost his life, 00:15:40.543 --> 00:15:42.649 you know, for what he cared about. 00:15:42.654 --> 00:15:47.133 But you know a lot of us aren't gonna be required to pay that kind of sacrifice, 00:15:47.133 --> 00:15:49.694 but what happens is that it basically 00:15:49.694 --> 00:15:53.144 is a little bit like that basic story structure. Life can be like that. 00:15:53.144 --> 00:15:55.297 You know you guys are all likable people, 00:15:55.297 --> 00:15:57.822 you have a desire, you encounter roadblocks, 00:15:57.822 --> 00:15:59.923 and we stop there. 00:15:59.923 --> 00:16:02.057 We're just like, you know, "I had this idea, 00:16:02.057 --> 00:16:03.839 but I'm not gonna put it out there. 00:16:03.839 --> 00:16:05.023 It's been rejected." 00:16:05.023 --> 00:16:09.103 You know – we self-sabotage our own ideas, 00:16:09.103 --> 00:16:12.096 we just butt up against the roadblocks, and butt up against the roadblocks 00:16:12.096 --> 00:16:14.796 instead of choosing to let the struggle transform us 00:16:14.796 --> 00:16:18.708 and choosing to go ahead and have a dream and make it real. 00:16:18.708 --> 00:16:20.652 And you know, if anyone, 00:16:20.652 --> 00:16:22.744 if I can do this, anybody can do this. 00:16:22.744 --> 00:16:26.623 I was raised in an economically and emotionally starved environment. 00:16:26.623 --> 00:16:30.403 First time I got to go to a camp with my sister I was abused, 00:16:30.403 --> 00:16:33.813 wasn't the first time I was abused, though, it was just the most aggressive. 00:16:33.813 --> 00:16:37.224 And my mom and dad – they married each other three times, 00:16:37.224 --> 00:16:40.695 yeah, that was tumultuous and when they weren't fighting 00:16:40.695 --> 00:16:43.278 they were helping sober up some alcoholic that was living with us 00:16:43.278 --> 00:16:45.183 because they were both sober alcoholics. 00:16:45.183 --> 00:16:48.093 So my mom abandoned us when I was sixteen years old. 00:16:48.093 --> 00:16:51.473 And I took on a role of caretaker of my home and of my siblings. 00:16:51.473 --> 00:16:54.853 And I married. I met a man. 00:16:54.853 --> 00:16:57.223 Fell in love. I went to a year of college. 00:16:57.223 --> 00:16:59.593 I did what every single bright young girl should do, 00:16:59.593 --> 00:17:01.973 it's I got married when I was eighteen years old. 00:17:01.973 --> 00:17:03.541 And you know what? 00:17:03.541 --> 00:17:07.592 I knew, I knew, that I was born for more than this. 00:17:07.592 --> 00:17:10.983 And right at the point in the story of my life I had a choice. 00:17:10.983 --> 00:17:13.721 I could let all these things push me down 00:17:13.721 --> 00:17:16.335 and I could let all my ideas die inside of me. 00:17:16.335 --> 00:17:18.362 I could just say, you know, life is too hard to change the world. 00:17:18.362 --> 00:17:19.903 It's just too tough. 00:17:19.903 --> 00:17:23.013 But I chose a different story for my life. 00:17:23.013 --> 00:17:27.093 Don't you know it? (Laughter) 00:17:27.093 --> 00:17:31.563 And so I feel like there's people in this room, you got these little Suavitos baking spices 00:17:31.563 --> 00:17:33.906 and you're just like, "You know, It's not that big a deal." 00:17:33.906 --> 00:17:36.533 "It's really not the whole world I can change." 00:17:36.533 --> 00:17:38.036 But you know you can change your world. 00:17:38.036 --> 00:17:40.232 You can change your life. You can change 00:17:40.232 --> 00:17:41.845 the world that you have control on, 00:17:41.845 --> 00:17:43.598 you can change your sphere. 00:17:43.598 --> 00:17:45.753 I want to encourage you to do that. 00:17:45.753 --> 00:17:47.436 Because you know what? 00:17:47.436 --> 00:17:50.780 The future isn't a place that we're going to go. 00:17:50.780 --> 00:17:54.033 It's a place that you get to create. 00:17:54.033 --> 00:17:56.086 I want to thank you. (Applause) 00:17:56.086 --> 00:17:59.433 Bless you. God bless you. Thank you.