1 00:00:11,744 --> 00:00:16,215 我喺 Twitter 嘅自我介紹係 2 00:00:16,775 --> 00:00:20,896 「我既多疑又樂觀」 3 00:00:22,359 --> 00:00:26,471 我相信科學,亦相信無限可能 4 00:00:26,601 --> 00:00:29,863 我所講嘅正係我今日會講嘅題目 5 00:00:32,135 --> 00:00:35,604 如果我哋身處一個真正公開透明嘅社會 6 00:00:35,604 --> 00:00:39,904 我哋嘅世界會點樣 7 00:00:39,904 --> 00:00:43,804 一個社會大致上清楚 8 00:00:43,804 --> 00:00:52,731 我哋每日都面對嘅方方面面 包括社會、政治、環境、經濟 9 00:00:53,391 --> 00:00:57,341 但係,新聞文化表明 10 00:00:57,341 --> 00:01:02,054 我哋可以更加知情 11 00:01:02,907 --> 00:01:05,840 嗨,我係 Coleen Christie 12 00:01:06,667 --> 00:01:10,686 我係一位新聞主播 如果你鍾意,可以叫我廣播記者 13 00:01:11,440 --> 00:01:15,562 我……我會猶疑咁講出呢個名 係因為我最近至知道 14 00:01:15,566 --> 00:01:21,373 原來新聞廣播係業員 喺最受鄙視職業排行榜上排第六 15 00:01:21,373 --> 00:01:22,868 (笑聲) 係呀 16 00:01:22,868 --> 00:01:25,939 我哋比稅務精算師高一名 17 00:01:25,939 --> 00:01:26,778 咁又係嘅 18 00:01:26,778 --> 00:01:30,565 因為大部分人都鍾意稅務精算師 多過廣播記者 19 00:01:30,565 --> 00:01:31,998 (笑聲) 真係。唔錯 20 00:01:31,998 --> 00:01:36,295 就好似當莎莉.菲爾德 發表奧斯卡獲獎致謝辭嗰陣 21 00:01:36,295 --> 00:01:38,710 佢心裏其實想講 你憎我、你恨我 22 00:01:38,710 --> 00:01:39,675 (笑聲) 23 00:01:39,675 --> 00:01:41,968 唔只係我一個人講 可以嘅話請畀我幾分鐘試試 24 00:01:41,968 --> 00:01:43,057 (笑聲) 25 00:01:43,057 --> 00:01:46,692 但我哋至少比律師做得好 佢哋排第三 26 00:01:46,692 --> 00:01:48,510 就係咁畀咗我希望 27 00:01:48,510 --> 00:01:50,206 (笑聲) 28 00:01:50,206 --> 00:01:55,942 我任職嘅溫哥華 CTV 係加拿大最大電視台嘅附屬機構 29 00:01:55,942 --> 00:02:00,982 我嘅生涯從一個唔尋常嘅方式開始 30 00:02:00,982 --> 00:02:07,530 我一開始喺市場同推廣方面工作嘅經歷 令我對新聞有一個獨特嘅視野 31 00:02:07,530 --> 00:02:10,407 你睇,我已經明白到 32 00:02:10,407 --> 00:02:12,574 新聞係一種產品 佢需要推銷 33 00:02:13,337 --> 00:02:16,042 仲係一件好重要嘅產品 34 00:02:16,723 --> 00:02:18,541 我喺一個好注重新聞嘅家庭長大 35 00:02:18,541 --> 00:02:21,274 當我阿媽唔需要返工嗰陣 36 00:02:21,274 --> 00:02:23,599 佢就會將成份報紙刨曬 37 00:02:23,599 --> 00:02:27,673 佢知道曬裏面嘅 所有新聞、所有球員消息 38 00:02:27,777 --> 00:02:29,988 但佢嘅學歷只有八年級 39 00:02:30,853 --> 00:02:33,994 作為一家人 我哋會一齊睇晚間新聞報導 40 00:02:33,994 --> 00:02:35,508 我哋係專心咁睇 41 00:02:35,508 --> 00:02:37,955 我諗係因為我父母出身貧苦嘅緣故 42 00:02:37,955 --> 00:02:43,448 佢哋認為畀我哋了解事物 同教育我哋都係好重要 43 00:02:44,127 --> 00:02:48,826 晚飯傾計話題經常係 政治議題、時下城中熱話 44 00:02:48,826 --> 00:02:52,178 「遞鐵板汁過黎。 我唔信你係咁社會主義 ! 45 00:02:52,178 --> 00:02:55,315 你要多啲薯仔嗎?」 之類嘅話題 46 00:02:55,315 --> 00:02:56,621 (笑聲) 係呀 47 00:02:57,256 --> 00:03:03,323 講番轉頭 我哋宜家嘅新聞選材比以前多 48 00:03:03,323 --> 00:03:04,089 呢個無容置疑 49 00:03:04,089 --> 00:03:05,623 以前無論我哋喺邊度搵到消息 50 00:03:05,623 --> 00:03:09,671 我哋都相信呢單消息係可信可靠嘅 51 00:03:10,384 --> 00:03:13,479 但係各位,一切都變曬,係唔係? 52 00:03:15,035 --> 00:03:19,701 喺依家嘅新聞新時代 資訊就係力量 53 00:03:19,701 --> 00:03:25,474 但我哋駕馭資訊嘅能力 面臨著前所未有嘅危機 54 00:03:25,721 --> 00:03:28,783 過去十年 我哋使用新聞嘅習慣 55 00:03:28,783 --> 00:03:32,161 有咗明顯嘅改變 56 00:03:32,345 --> 00:03:35,925 大部分原因係因為數碼媒體爆炸性增長 57 00:03:35,925 --> 00:03:39,707 爆炸性增長促使更多競爭 58 00:03:39,707 --> 00:03:44,224 衝擊我哋喺報章同電視行業嘅領導地位 59 00:03:44,224 --> 00:03:49,256 又改變我哋所謂嘅新聞價值 60 00:03:51,711 --> 00:03:53,355 最近有個調查 61 00:03:53,563 --> 00:03:55,137 你或者會覺得有趣 62 00:03:56,090 --> 00:04:01,974 就係接近九成嘅北美洲人 話佢哋好想收到每日嘅新聞 63 00:04:01,974 --> 00:04:03,206 但留意 64 00:04:05,152 --> 00:04:08,560 接近五成嘅人話佢哋唔信報導 65 00:04:10,845 --> 00:04:12,344 信唔信係一個問題 66 00:04:12,344 --> 00:04:18,025 而我認為部分原因係 因為我哋覺得新聞有偏頗 67 00:04:19,319 --> 00:04:25,743 當然,當出現極端嘅新聞機構 例如右翼嘅福斯廣播公司 68 00:04:25,743 --> 00:04:30,421 同左翼嘅微軟國家廣播公司 偏頗嘅報導就會出現 69 00:04:30,421 --> 00:04:32,804 但身為從業員 70 00:04:32,804 --> 00:04:37,491 我認為話所有傳媒都有偏頗 就將問題睇得太簡單 71 00:04:37,491 --> 00:04:42,068 事實上,我今日會話畀你聽 72 00:04:42,068 --> 00:04:46,546 問題嘅根本唔係傳媒有偏頗 73 00:04:47,421 --> 00:04:52,335 你先係今日新聞嘅問題所在 74 00:04:53,109 --> 00:04:55,913 其實我唔係問緊 你可以信邊單報導 75 00:04:55,913 --> 00:04:59,191 而係,你信唔信自己 可以明辨是非? 76 00:05:00,187 --> 00:05:03,848 新聞就係對事實嘅報導 77 00:05:03,848 --> 00:05:08,562 每日,記者透過報導發放資訊 78 00:05:08,562 --> 00:05:11,760 但係我哋嚟睇清楚 79 00:05:11,760 --> 00:05:18,223 有兩種新聞來源 80 00:05:18,223 --> 00:05:24,095 一種係主流可信嘅新聞材料 其餘嘅就係另一種 81 00:05:24,095 --> 00:05:26,284 仲有根據你對材料嘅相信程度 82 00:05:26,284 --> 00:05:30,313 嗰條分辨是否可信嘅界綫 對你嚟講似乎好模糊 83 00:05:30,313 --> 00:05:33,686 當然有例外 例外成日都出現 84 00:05:33,804 --> 00:05:36,717 可信新聞嘅最簡單定義係︰ 85 00:05:36,717 --> 00:05:41,247 經過嚴格步驟 確定資料正確同平衡各方立場後 86 00:05:41,247 --> 00:05:43,401 所得出嘅資訊 87 00:05:43,553 --> 00:05:46,260 多數人每日接收新聞 88 00:05:46,260 --> 00:05:49,403 聽咗之後就忘記咗 甚至從來都冇思考過 89 00:05:49,403 --> 00:05:52,286 我認為明白呢個過程好重要 90 00:05:53,725 --> 00:06:00,857 例如,喺電視裏面 新聞資訊黎自唔同地方 91 00:06:00,857 --> 00:06:06,938 我哋項目編輯嘅職責 就係整合呢啲資訊 92 00:06:06,938 --> 00:06:10,588 列出可能會報導嘅項目 93 00:06:11,035 --> 00:06:14,386 宜家,下一步可能會令你感到驚訝 94 00:06:15,555 --> 00:06:20,500 我哋真係會辨論、討論每個新聞素材 95 00:06:21,498 --> 00:06:25,629 而我哋就係一班具備經驗同訓綀 96 00:06:25,629 --> 00:06:28,648 有知識、唔同性格嘅人 97 00:06:28,648 --> 00:06:32,139 但其實,新聞工作室裏面 想參與嘅任何人 98 00:06:32,957 --> 00:06:36,454 都可以一齊去衡量每篇新聞嘅價值 99 00:06:36,454 --> 00:06:40,518 呢啲係唔係我哋觀眾想要、想睇嘅? 100 00:06:40,876 --> 00:06:45,029 下一步,我哋分配新聞畀報導員 佢哋準備就緒 101 00:06:45,029 --> 00:06:49,068 然後外出採訪、整合資料 102 00:06:49,068 --> 00:06:51,296 寫好新聞嘅內容 103 00:06:51,296 --> 00:06:57,487 的確,有啲新聞比較複雜 但一般黎講 104 00:06:57,487 --> 00:06:59,261 如果到最後 105 00:07:00,356 --> 00:07:04,202 一篇新聞冇足夠新聞價值 106 00:07:05,566 --> 00:07:09,622 或者未通過評估 佢就唔能夠出街 107 00:07:09,630 --> 00:07:13,141 呢個就係全世界新聞工作室嘅運作 108 00:07:13,141 --> 00:07:16,594 呢個程序好多時都有效 109 00:07:17,197 --> 00:07:19,710 但你知道 唯一我哋未能避開嘅 110 00:07:20,492 --> 00:07:23,451 就係偏頗睇法 111 00:07:23,847 --> 00:07:25,735 我哋極力避免呢樣嘢 112 00:07:25,735 --> 00:07:30,864 但畢竟我哋唔能夠喺我哋嘅報導裏邊 避免偏頗嘅睇法 113 00:07:30,864 --> 00:07:32,188 舉個例子 114 00:07:33,673 --> 00:07:38,141 當我哋報導一個競選計劃嘅時候 我哋因為某啲原因而受到指責 115 00:07:38,166 --> 00:07:39,420 因為同時支持現任 同支持挑戰現任者嘅人 116 00:07:39,420 --> 00:07:44,460 我哋俾人話 117 00:07:44,460 --> 00:07:47,289 (笑聲) 每次都係,每次都係咁 118 00:07:47,289 --> 00:07:50,056 當然,我哋唔會偏幫任何一方 119 00:07:50,235 --> 00:07:54,616 你睇,主流媒體冇政治取態 120 00:07:55,441 --> 00:07:57,695 你可能會話「吓?」 121 00:07:58,065 --> 00:07:59,285 但的確係千真萬確 122 00:07:59,285 --> 00:08:02,922 主流媒體冇政治取態 123 00:08:02,922 --> 00:08:05,200 雖然我哋有右翼保守媒體 124 00:08:05,200 --> 00:08:08,316 但係同時,有左翼媒體平衡返 125 00:08:08,316 --> 00:08:10,750 但我講嘅係主流傳媒 126 00:08:10,750 --> 00:08:15,147 對於我哋嗰啲行中間路線嘅人嚟講 127 00:08:15,147 --> 00:08:19,264 政黨陰謀論 128 00:08:19,264 --> 00:08:22,635 絕對係無稽之談 129 00:08:23,473 --> 00:08:27,051 除咗嗰次月球登陸 嗰個係大話,從來都冇發生過 130 00:08:27,051 --> 00:08:28,573 (笑聲) 從來都冇發生 131 00:08:28,573 --> 00:08:30,319 當然,利用敘述式新聞 132 00:08:30,319 --> 00:08:33,349 去推廣某種思識形態、政治立場嘅機構 133 00:08:33,349 --> 00:08:38,612 情況當然唔同 134 00:08:38,612 --> 00:08:40,969 甚至宜家呢啲組織更難被察覺 135 00:08:40,969 --> 00:08:45,059 尤其當網絡上嘅新聞資訊愈嚟愈多 136 00:08:45,059 --> 00:08:47,802 呢啲冇經過記者檢查同平衡嘅資訊 137 00:08:47,802 --> 00:08:51,575 會誤導人錯信 138 00:08:53,039 --> 00:08:59,514 被認為係偏見嘅錯誤係有可能出現嘅 139 00:09:00,035 --> 00:09:04,033 但我認為呢啲機構唔係 你想像中咁別有用心 140 00:09:04,033 --> 00:09:06,049 當呢種錯出現嗰陣 141 00:09:06,049 --> 00:09:10,602 多數可靠嘅傳媒都會 恪守佢哋自己嘅原則 142 00:09:11,242 --> 00:09:15,255 喺超過一百年嘅歷史當中 新聞媒體一直都喺度改正錯誤 143 00:09:15,255 --> 00:09:17,399 無論我哋滿唔滿意 144 00:09:17,399 --> 00:09:20,582 呢種改正工作的確係存在嘅 145 00:09:21,064 --> 00:09:24,800 所以操守係職業嘅一大部分 146 00:09:25,901 --> 00:09:30,133 但對嚟講,呢個唔係工作最難嘅地方 147 00:09:31,486 --> 00:09:36,294 宜家,你可能唔知道 當我喺早上返工 148 00:09:36,294 --> 00:09:40,877 我唔需要擔心感染傳染病 149 00:09:40,877 --> 00:09:46,213 俾人開槍射、綁架、虐待 強暴、處決 150 00:09:46,213 --> 00:09:48,760 好似我一啲同事一樣 151 00:09:48,760 --> 00:09:53,266 我只需要同身處現場嘅佢哋通話就可以 而佢哋就要冒險 152 00:09:53,266 --> 00:10:00,544 (掌聲) 153 00:10:00,544 --> 00:10:02,670 係嘅,係通話,係通話 154 00:10:02,969 --> 00:10:04,365 唔,我呢份工作實在好好 155 00:10:04,365 --> 00:10:06,474 雖然辦公室嘅一日辛勞會令我頭髮變差 156 00:10:06,474 --> 00:10:08,600 (笑聲) 157 00:10:08,600 --> 00:10:11,393 咁對我嚟講并唔艱難 但對你哋就係,因為你要睇新聞 158 00:10:11,393 --> 00:10:13,149 見到嗎? 159 00:10:13,584 --> 00:10:18,550 宜家,我工作最難嘅地方就係收聲 160 00:10:21,258 --> 00:10:23,392 我唔係講緊晏晝嘅會議 161 00:10:23,392 --> 00:10:25,833 當然喺會議度同事都想我收聲 162 00:10:25,833 --> 00:10:30,013 我喺講喺我報導新聞嗰時 163 00:10:30,013 --> 00:10:36,249 我唔可以對充滿分歧嘅事 加入個人意見 164 00:10:36,658 --> 00:10:39,650 我只係唔可以做 165 00:10:40,810 --> 00:10:42,701 我唔會冒險去做 166 00:10:42,790 --> 00:10:47,716 身為傳訊者 我嘅職責係令你明白報導內容 167 00:10:47,872 --> 00:10:50,647 但我冇責任去話你知點樣思考 168 00:10:50,647 --> 00:10:54,166 我唔可以去冒險 我哋都唔可以冒險 169 00:10:54,222 --> 00:10:56,236 你所睇到嘅真相係 170 00:10:56,952 --> 00:11:01,856 主流傳媒唔能夠承受採取立場嘅後果 171 00:11:02,305 --> 00:11:05,504 我會用「承受」呢個詞語 172 00:11:06,871 --> 00:11:09,780 偏頗對於商業經營嚟講係壞嘅 173 00:11:10,727 --> 00:11:13,173 等我話你聽現金喺呢度嘅作用 174 00:11:13,173 --> 00:11:14,855 我依家只會講現金 175 00:11:14,855 --> 00:11:18,606 我哋民主社會需要獨立嘅新聞 176 00:11:18,606 --> 00:11:20,468 令我哋可以一直知情同自在 177 00:11:20,468 --> 00:11:27,219 而新聞同新聞行業需要客戶去維持經營 178 00:11:27,699 --> 00:11:32,633 對於電視行業,觀眾就係顧客 179 00:11:33,093 --> 00:11:35,250 觀眾愈多,收視愈高 180 00:11:35,250 --> 00:11:37,966 收視愈高,廣告收益愈高 181 00:11:37,966 --> 00:11:41,039 廣告收益令開支預算可以維持落去 182 00:11:41,039 --> 00:11:47,902 開支預算則支付記者嘅薪酬 令佢哋收集令我哋自在嘅新聞 183 00:11:47,902 --> 00:11:49,806 呢個就係成個運作機制 184 00:11:50,204 --> 00:11:53,930 如果我哋有意偏頗嘅話 185 00:11:54,625 --> 00:11:58,470 好可能會引起廣大觀眾嘅對抗 186 00:12:00,087 --> 00:12:01,690 咁就唔好嘞 187 00:12:01,715 --> 00:12:06,352 偏頗喺新聞界唔係好嘢 188 00:12:07,957 --> 00:12:11,068 最近一啲調查發現 189 00:12:11,068 --> 00:12:13,727 我哋一啲消費習慣嘅有趣數據 190 00:12:14,786 --> 00:12:20,352 我必須強調我哋大部分人 仍然由電視獲取新聞 191 00:12:21,439 --> 00:12:23,791 但我哋接收新聞嘅形式愈黎愈多樣化 192 00:12:23,791 --> 00:12:30,837 大部分北美洲人宜家 喺多個平台獲取新聞 193 00:12:31,454 --> 00:12:35,495 仍然,我哋接近九成仍然 194 00:12:35,495 --> 00:12:38,812 由單一新聞機構接收新聞 195 00:12:39,242 --> 00:12:42,050 所以等我話你知成件事係點樣 196 00:12:42,521 --> 00:12:46,300 你喺屋企度 電視播住 CNN 頻道 197 00:12:47,434 --> 00:12:51,102 你用平板電腦上 CNN 網站 198 00:12:51,206 --> 00:12:55,440 又用手機喺 Twitter 跟進 CNN 嘅突發新聞 199 00:12:55,675 --> 00:12:57,383 你冇社交生活 200 00:12:57,653 --> 00:12:59,743 (笑聲) 201 00:12:59,743 --> 00:13:01,302 近視? 202 00:13:02,152 --> 00:13:03,083 係嘅,有可能 203 00:13:03,083 --> 00:13:05,577 除非你有樣嘢畀 Wolf Blitzer 嗱,唔好講咩呀 204 00:13:05,948 --> 00:13:07,427 (笑聲) 205 00:13:07,559 --> 00:13:09,505 諷刺嘅係 206 00:13:10,006 --> 00:13:11,824 今年一個調查顯示 207 00:13:12,497 --> 00:13:18,110 北美洲人話佢哋感覺比以前更加知情 208 00:13:19,038 --> 00:13:24,149 當我哋感到更多知情嘅時候 我哋好像係接收更加多嘅新聞 209 00:13:24,149 --> 00:13:26,447 但我哋往往獲得嘅都只係同一單新聞 210 00:13:26,447 --> 00:13:28,723 新聞資訊以愈嚟愈快嘅速度 嚟到我哋面前 211 00:13:28,723 --> 00:13:30,337 我哋喺統計上知道 212 00:13:30,337 --> 00:13:33,926 我哋專注時間正變得愈黎愈短 213 00:13:33,926 --> 00:13:38,844 呢個正改變我哋對新聞類型嘅口味 214 00:13:39,986 --> 00:13:43,965 集中專注力係前所未有嘅難 215 00:13:43,965 --> 00:13:48,802 電視上每則新聞嘅平均長度 少於兩分鐘 216 00:13:48,802 --> 00:13:52,995 有時短到 20 秒 217 00:13:53,302 --> 00:13:54,628 大家可以諗下 218 00:13:56,101 --> 00:13:56,815 嘩 219 00:13:58,168 --> 00:14:01,031 沉悶令你嘅睇法傾側 220 00:14:01,520 --> 00:14:05,968 如果我哋唔能令你參與其中 你就會離開 221 00:14:06,649 --> 00:14:08,283 我哋並唔想你離開 222 00:14:08,770 --> 00:14:13,570 喺電視上,我哋洗成日搜集 你可以信賴、有質量嘅資訊 223 00:14:13,570 --> 00:14:15,901 雖然你哋之中有五成唔相信 224 00:14:15,901 --> 00:14:16,878 (笑聲) 225 00:14:16,878 --> 00:14:22,233 你嘅「資訊晚餐」上枱喇 我哋仲同你加咗「甜品」 226 00:14:22,233 --> 00:14:24,686 真嘅,真嘅。至於流行影片 227 00:14:24,686 --> 00:14:26,963 你知道,只要係古怪嘅 逗笑嘅、有趣嘅影片 228 00:14:26,963 --> 00:14:29,195 都會喺大部分嘅新聞報導裏面播 229 00:14:29,195 --> 00:14:33,774 仲要喺收視率最高時段播出 230 00:14:34,494 --> 00:14:38,247 真嘅,真嘅,係呀 231 00:14:39,307 --> 00:14:44,362 小心,我哋知道 要令新聞睇起黎唔重要 232 00:14:44,362 --> 00:14:47,226 我哋好小心唔去咁做 233 00:14:47,226 --> 00:14:51,181 但我哋同喬恩 ‧ 史都華競爭緊 234 00:14:51,181 --> 00:14:52,004 (笑聲) 235 00:14:52,004 --> 00:14:57,161 我哋開足馬力工作 令你哋可以一直享受娛樂同收到資訊 236 00:14:57,161 --> 00:14:59,548 於是你會依住部電視 237 00:15:00,198 --> 00:15:03,561 但你可能問︰「喂,電子新聞 喺我需要嗰陣畀到我想要嘅嘢」 238 00:15:03,561 --> 00:15:06,408 呢個絕對正確,但同樣恐怖 239 00:15:06,408 --> 00:15:10,597 你上網嘅習慣會被翻睇、跟進、塑造 240 00:15:10,597 --> 00:15:11,941 你嘅每次點擊 241 00:15:11,941 --> 00:15:17,838 都會留低紀錄 於是你就俾人推介更多相關嘅新聞 242 00:15:18,858 --> 00:15:24,627 所以社交媒體就造成咗你嘅偏見 243 00:15:24,627 --> 00:15:26,878 自從 2009 年 244 00:15:26,878 --> 00:15:32,629 社交媒體新聞頁面嘅瀏覽量 上升咗 60% 245 00:15:33,260 --> 00:15:37,396 最近北美洲有七成受訪者 246 00:15:37,396 --> 00:15:41,782 話佢哋將社交媒體當成一種新聞來源 247 00:15:41,928 --> 00:15:46,891 我唔係要講社交媒體嘅壞話 我都好鍾意佢嘅 248 00:15:47,227 --> 00:15:51,148 Twitter 對於交流、發佈突發新聞黎講 249 00:15:51,148 --> 00:15:53,534 係好好嘅工具 250 00:15:53,534 --> 00:15:57,097 但如果你用社交媒體 作為你基本嘅新聞來源 251 00:15:57,857 --> 00:16:00,292 咁你就要小心喇 因為試諗下 252 00:16:00,292 --> 00:16:04,533 你嘅鄰居或者同事 253 00:16:04,533 --> 00:16:07,652 佢鍾意貓嘅影片 又係你嘅新聞統籌主任 254 00:16:07,652 --> 00:16:08,749 (笑聲) 255 00:16:08,749 --> 00:16:09,786 你知嗎? 256 00:16:09,786 --> 00:16:11,836 你 Facebook 上面嘅編輯團隊 257 00:16:11,836 --> 00:16:15,071 水平同你 Facebook 嘅朋友一樣 258 00:16:16,020 --> 00:16:17,143 真嘅 259 00:16:17,380 --> 00:16:23,299 仲有 Twitter 係冇新聞統籌主任,真係冇 260 00:16:23,489 --> 00:16:28,096 # 競爭 # 情感 # 金.卡達夏 261 00:16:28,096 --> 00:16:29,229 (笑聲) 262 00:16:29,229 --> 00:16:30,917 我剩係講 Kim Kardashian 263 00:16:30,917 --> 00:16:33,370 因為我希望當某個人 喺網上搜索佢嘅名字時 264 00:16:33,370 --> 00:16:34,964 呢場演講會顯示出嚟 265 00:16:34,964 --> 00:16:36,148 (笑聲 ) 266 00:16:36,148 --> 00:16:37,818 # 唔知醜 267 00:16:37,908 --> 00:16:41,485 你係你自己世界裏面嘅新聞裁縫師 268 00:16:41,485 --> 00:16:47,665 我哋喺統計上知道你鍾意 喺同你諗法差唔多嘅人嗰度獲取新聞 269 00:16:47,689 --> 00:16:48,980 呢個係事實 270 00:16:49,288 --> 00:16:53,963 除此之外,想喺網絡上面非常知情嘅話 271 00:16:53,963 --> 00:17:00,430 你就要畀啲功夫 272 00:17:00,770 --> 00:17:04,695 你只會㩒吸引你嘅嘢,係嗎? 273 00:17:05,501 --> 00:17:08,363 諗一諗,情況就好像去食自助餐 274 00:17:08,865 --> 00:17:11,318 你唔會獲分兩份沙律一樣 275 00:17:11,318 --> 00:17:13,152 ( 笑聲) 276 00:17:13,152 --> 00:17:17,240 但你知,你睇到啲甜品喺嗰度 佢哋睇起身好好食 277 00:17:17,297 --> 00:17:18,663 冇人睇住 278 00:17:18,851 --> 00:17:20,738 攞兩份。咩呀? 279 00:17:20,760 --> 00:17:22,482 我哋都係人 280 00:17:22,839 --> 00:17:25,303 我哋都鍾意薄批 281 00:17:25,355 --> 00:17:30,070 我哋嘅個人喜好滿足我哋嘅偏向 282 00:17:30,095 --> 00:17:34,521 我哋對新聞內容嘅選擇 足以證明呢個道理 283 00:17:35,454 --> 00:17:40,528 通過定義同設計,數碼媒體 提供咗我哋喜好之外更多嘅嘢 284 00:17:40,528 --> 00:17:45,564 你想要嘅話 就可以建立一個自己嘅資訊播放列表 285 00:17:46,511 --> 00:17:51,102 佢就好似——我唔知係唔係 新聞裏邊嘅音樂串流程式 286 00:17:51,639 --> 00:17:55,273 呢個系統畀到你需求以外更多嘅嘢 287 00:17:55,273 --> 00:18:00,304 佢係唔錯,但你係點樣接觸到新事物? 288 00:18:00,529 --> 00:18:03,939 你係點用另一個角度睇嘢嘅? 289 00:18:04,214 --> 00:18:05,990 如果你仍然收聽 80 年代嘅頻道 8 290 00:18:05,990 --> 00:18:08,288 你又點會聽到新音樂? 291 00:18:08,288 --> 00:18:09,684 係嗎(笑聲) 292 00:18:09,684 --> 00:18:12,695 唔理我哋有冇認清 293 00:18:12,696 --> 00:18:18,606 我哋潛意識嘅傾向 都喺度控制我哋使用新聞嘅習慣 294 00:18:18,779 --> 00:18:22,586 咁令我哋比以前知情得更少 295 00:18:23,999 --> 00:18:27,836 你知嗎?我哋知道有咩發生咗 296 00:18:28,789 --> 00:18:32,628 當我哋對傳媒嘅信任跌至新低 297 00:18:33,036 --> 00:18:34,493 就代表咗我哋 298 00:18:34,493 --> 00:18:40,897 尋找新同更廣新聞來源嘅意欲消失咗 299 00:18:41,348 --> 00:18:43,883 同時我哋嘅偏見變得更為嚴重 300 00:18:44,925 --> 00:18:46,288 我哋每日都睇到咁樣嘅嘢︰ 301 00:18:46,288 --> 00:18:50,710 當一方嘅陣營喺一邊 另一方陣營喺另一邊嘅時候 302 00:18:51,221 --> 00:18:53,261 兩派人都唔聽對方講嘢 303 00:18:53,261 --> 00:18:56,515 佢哋唔想聽,因為缺乏信任 304 00:18:56,515 --> 00:19:00,048 一切都緣於自我、害怕 305 00:19:00,048 --> 00:19:04,338 拒絕對方,最後冇進展 306 00:19:05,468 --> 00:19:09,747 我哋表現得好似細路咁 如果係嘅話,我哋就會受罰 307 00:19:09,747 --> 00:19:13,940 但係,喺呢件事上 採取呢種態度嘅人 308 00:19:13,940 --> 00:19:15,979 會收睇佢哋自己嘅電視節目 309 00:19:15,979 --> 00:19:19,102 又或者,佢哋收集嘅節目 310 00:19:21,090 --> 00:19:25,389 畫家同社會分子魯本 ‧ 布雷德斯 寫過一句好有說服力嘅話︰ 311 00:19:25,389 --> 00:19:28,665 「我哋怕睇到社會最知情嘅狀態 312 00:19:28,665 --> 00:19:31,808 墮落到人人漠唔關心嘅地步」 313 00:19:31,808 --> 00:19:33,799 (掌聲) 314 00:19:33,799 --> 00:19:38,289 所以當我哋個人傾向 令我哋困喺一個惡性循環裏邊 315 00:19:38,289 --> 00:19:41,618 不斷畀我哋同類資訊嘅時候 316 00:19:41,618 --> 00:19:46,053 我哋點可以實現一個真正知情嘅社會? 317 00:19:47,001 --> 00:19:51,416 例如,當我哋喺平常習慣以外 318 00:19:51,416 --> 00:19:56,764 揀第二或第三個新聞來源嘅時候 319 00:19:56,764 --> 00:20:00,884 有咩會發生? 320 00:20:02,575 --> 00:20:06,558 新聞更多元化可以令我哋知情更多 321 00:20:06,558 --> 00:20:08,897 肯定令我哋喺婚禮、Mitzvahs 酒吧 322 00:20:08,897 --> 00:20:12,435 同 TED 會議上表現更聰明 323 00:20:12,435 --> 00:20:14,223 (笑聲) 324 00:20:14,393 --> 00:20:17,321 但表現聰明唔係目標 325 00:20:17,843 --> 00:20:20,084 同我哋所講嘅無關 326 00:20:21,561 --> 00:20:23,273 我哋係講緊自由 327 00:20:24,903 --> 00:20:29,623 新聞傳媒係我哋自由嘅守衛 328 00:20:30,649 --> 00:20:34,559 政府向我哋問責 我哋就向你問責 329 00:20:36,086 --> 00:20:38,411 你可以自由選擇任何你鍾意嘅新聞來源 330 00:20:38,411 --> 00:20:41,595 但如果你都選擇類似嘅,仲係自由咩? 331 00:20:41,595 --> 00:20:47,021 選擇嗰啲可以加強你諗法嘅新聞 會令你感覺良好 332 00:20:47,433 --> 00:20:49,695 但呢個其實係一種安全感嘅錯覺 333 00:20:49,695 --> 00:20:53,882 仲唔會令你更深入認識事物 334 00:20:54,990 --> 00:20:57,951 呢種安全感肯定唔會挑戰我哋 去挑戰我哋自己嘅觀念 335 00:20:57,951 --> 00:21:01,043 所以我哋點先知道 我哋所睇嘅新聞足夠多元化? 336 00:21:01,045 --> 00:21:05,359 如果你對所睇嘅一切感到滿意 337 00:21:05,359 --> 00:21:07,524 你可能要加入一啲唔同嘅新聞來源 338 00:21:07,524 --> 00:21:11,199 你知嗎? 新聞傳媒亦需要咁樣做 339 00:21:11,199 --> 00:21:15,485 我哋需要令新聞睇起嚟更切合個人 尤其是我負責嘅嗰個新聞組別 340 00:21:16,926 --> 00:21:18,674 我哋需要令人明白 341 00:21:18,674 --> 00:21:21,626 點解一個新聞故事係重要嘅 一單新聞點影響到佢哋 342 00:21:21,893 --> 00:21:24,657 任何人都可以獲得真相 343 00:21:25,084 --> 00:21:27,597 而我哋就需要提供內容 344 00:21:27,767 --> 00:21:32,571 當一個人點擊更加誘人嘅內容時 345 00:21:32,571 --> 00:21:37,423 西方古語「吃佢吧,佢對你有益」 就唔啱用喇 346 00:21:37,782 --> 00:21:42,303 如果冇咗你啲,我哋就輸咗喇 347 00:21:42,303 --> 00:21:45,935 結果係大家一齊輸 348 00:21:49,593 --> 00:21:55,391 著名廣播記者 Charlie Rose 講得好: 349 00:21:56,322 --> 00:22:00,933 「就算我哋唔同意其他人, 我哋亦會向佢哋學習, 350 00:22:00,933 --> 00:22:04,240 尤其是當我哋意見唔同嗰時」 351 00:22:05,208 --> 00:22:07,574 我哋愈係講求 352 00:22:07,574 --> 00:22:10,952 忍耐、多元、理解嘅真諦 353 00:22:10,952 --> 00:22:14,594 我哋愈係能夠放低嗰啲 354 00:22:14,594 --> 00:22:18,465 令到世界紛亂嘅仇恨同極端 355 00:22:18,659 --> 00:22:22,939 所以我懇請你啲放低成見 356 00:22:22,939 --> 00:22:27,385 畀你自己可以接收更廣泛嘅新聞 357 00:22:27,385 --> 00:22:33,547 或者可能,只係可能 我哋可以締造一個知情嘅社會 358 00:22:33,547 --> 00:22:40,079 一個真正知情嘅社會 然後邁進一個快樂嘅新時代 359 00:22:40,370 --> 00:22:41,387 多謝 360 00:22:41,649 --> 00:22:44,568 (掌聲)