[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.00,0:00:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mysteries of vernacular:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.00,0:00:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Jade,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.00,0:00:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a hard, typically green stone.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.00,0:00:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Until relatively recently,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.00,0:00:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gemstones were believed
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.00,0:00:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have magical, medicinal properties,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.00,0:00:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and nothing was more effective
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.00,0:00:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at treating a kidney disorder than jade.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.00,0:00:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the 16th century,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.00,0:00:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Spanish returned from the New World
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.00,0:00:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the mineral in their cargo holds
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.00,0:00:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and christened it, "piedra de la ijada,"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.00,0:00:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or loin stone.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.00,0:00:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It quickly became popular throughout Europe,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.00,0:00:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both as a cure for internal ailments
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.00,0:00:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as a decorative ornament
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.00,0:00:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and was renamed jade by the French,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.00,0:00:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a word that was borrowed by the English
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.00,0:01:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and remains in use to this day.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.00,0:01:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the 19th century,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.00,0:01:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,French mineralogists discovered
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.00,0:01:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that jade was being used
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.00,0:01:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to describe two distinct minerals:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.00,0:01:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jadeite, which takes its name from jade,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.00,0:01:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the more common nephrite,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.00,0:01:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the root of which is the Greek word nephros,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.00,0:01:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meaning kidney.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.00,0:01:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In addition to describing these two minerals,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.00,0:01:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jade also has an English homonym.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.00,0:01:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With roots that predate the popularity
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.00,0:01:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the lustral gemstone,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.00,0:01:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jade was used to refer to
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.00,0:01:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either a disreputable woman
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.00,0:01:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a broken-down horse.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.00,0:01:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thus, the word jaded, meaning worn out
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.00,0:01:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or lacking any enthusiasm,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.00,0:01:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has nothing to do with the gemstone,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.00,0:01:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and instead, comes from the archaic,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.00,0:01:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,equine-related definition.