[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was nine years old,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.00,0:00:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I went off to summer camp\Nfor the first time.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.17,0:00:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And my mother packed me a suitcase\Nfull of books,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.00,0:00:10.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which to me seemed like\Na perfectly natural thing to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.69,0:00:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because in my family,\Nreading was the primary group activity.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.00,0:00:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this might sound antisocial to you,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.00,0:00:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but for us it was really just\Na different way of being social.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.00,0:00:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have the animal warmth of your family\Nsitting right next to you,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.00,0:00:26.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you are also free to go\Nroaming around the adventureland
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.88,0:00:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inside your own mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.00,0:00:29.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I had this idea
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.00,0:00:32.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that camp was going to be\Njust like this, but better.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.55,0:00:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.00,0:00:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had a vision of 10 girls\Nsitting in a cabin
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.00,0:00:40.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cozily reading books\Nin their matching nightgowns.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.40,0:00:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.00,0:00:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Camp was more like a keg party\Nwithout any alcohol.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.00,0:00:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And on the very first day,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.00,0:00:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our counselor gathered us all together
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.00,0:00:52.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she taught us a cheer\Nthat she said we would be doing
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.70,0:00:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every day for the rest of the summer\Nto instill camp spirit.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.00,0:00:57.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it went like this:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.00,0:00:59.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"R-O-W-D-I-E,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.00,0:01:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the way we spell rowdie.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.00,0:01:05.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.42,0:01:06.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.00,0:01:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.00,0:01:11.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I couldn't figure out\Nfor the life of me
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.07,0:01:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why we were supposed to be so rowdy,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.00,0:01:15.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or why we had to spell\Nthis word incorrectly.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.00,0:01:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.00,0:01:25.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I recited a cheer. I recited\Na cheer along with everybody else.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.22,0:01:26.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I did my best.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.00,0:01:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I just waited for the time\Nthat I could go off and read my books.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.56,0:01:35.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the first time that I took\Nmy book out of my suitcase,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.38,0:01:37.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.42,0:01:39.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she asked me, "Why\Nare you being so mellow?" --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.90,0:01:41.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mellow, of course,\Nbeing the exact opposite
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.97,0:01:43.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of R-O-W-D-I-E.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.90,0:01:45.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then the second time I tried it,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.80,0:01:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the counselor came up to me\Nwith a concerned expression on her face
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.00,0:01:51.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she repeated the point\Nabout camp spirit
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.12,0:01:54.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and said we should all work very hard\Nto be outgoing.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.35,0:01:56.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so I put my books away,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.00,0:01:59.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back in their suitcase,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.00,0:02:03.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I put them under my bed,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.00,0:02:06.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there they stayed\Nfor the rest of the summer.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.40,0:02:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I felt kind of guilty about this.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.20,0:02:10.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I felt as if the books needed me somehow,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.20,0:02:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were calling out to me\Nand I was forsaking them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.00,0:02:15.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I did forsake them\Nand I didn't open that suitcase again
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.90,0:02:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until I was back home with my family\Nat the end of the summer.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.00,0:02:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I tell you this story\Nabout summer camp.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.00,0:02:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I could have told you\N50 others just like it --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.00,0:02:26.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the times that I got the message
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.00,0:02:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that somehow my quiet\Nand introverted style of being
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.00,0:02:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was not necessarily the right way to go,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.00,0:02:35.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I should be trying to pass\Nas more of an extrovert.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.00,0:02:38.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I always sensed deep down\Nthat this was wrong
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.00,0:02:41.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that introverts were\Npretty excellent just as they were.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.88,0:02:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But for years I denied this intuition,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.00,0:02:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so I became a Wall Street\Nlawyer, of all things,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.00,0:02:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of the writer\Nthat I had always longed to be --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.00,0:02:53.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,partly because I needed to prove to myself\Nthat I could be bold and assertive too.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.00,0:02:56.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I was always going off to crowded bars
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.10,0:02:59.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I really would have preferred\Nto just have a nice dinner with friends.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.70,0:03:03.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I made these\Nself-negating choices so reflexively,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.00,0:03:06.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I wasn't even aware\Nthat I was making them.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.50,0:03:09.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now this is what many introverts do,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.30,0:03:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's our loss for sure,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.00,0:03:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it is also our colleagues' loss
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.00,0:03:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our communities' loss.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.00,0:03:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And at the risk of sounding grandiose,\Nit is the world's loss.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.00,0:03:20.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because when it comes\Nto creativity and to leadership,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.00,0:03:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need introverts doing\Nwhat they do best.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.00,0:03:26.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A third to a half of the population\Nare introverts --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.55,0:03:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a third to a half.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.00,0:03:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's one out of every two\Nor three people you know.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.00,0:03:33.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So even if you're an extrovert yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.00,0:03:35.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm talking about your coworkers
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.00,0:03:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and your spouses and your children
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.00,0:03:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the person sitting\Nnext to you right now --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.00,0:03:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of them subject to this bias
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.00,0:03:45.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is pretty deep\Nand real in our society.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.12,0:03:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all internalize it\Nfrom a very early age
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.00,0:03:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without even having a language\Nfor what we're doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.00,0:03:52.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, to see the bias clearly,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.00,0:03:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you need to understand\Nwhat introversion is.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.00,0:03:57.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's different from being shy.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.00,0:03:59.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Shyness is about fear of social judgment.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.00,0:04:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Introversion is more about,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.00,0:04:03.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how do you respond to stimulation,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.00,0:04:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including social stimulation.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.00,0:04:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So extroverts really crave\Nlarge amounts of stimulation,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.00,0:04:11.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whereas introverts feel\Nat their most alive
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.10,0:04:13.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and their most switched-on\Nand their most capable
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.50,0:04:15.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when they're in quieter,\Nmore low-key environments.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.93,0:04:18.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not all the time --\Nthese things aren't absolute --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.38,0:04:19.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but a lot of the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.60,0:04:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the key then to maximizing our talents
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.00,0:04:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is for us all to put ourselves
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.00,0:04:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the zone of stimulation\Nthat is right for us.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.00,0:04:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But now here's where the bias comes in.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.00,0:04:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our most important institutions,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.00,0:04:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our schools and our workplaces,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.00,0:04:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are designed mostly for extroverts
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.00,0:04:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for extroverts' need\Nfor lots of stimulation.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.00,0:04:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And also we have\Nthis belief system right now
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.00,0:04:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I call the new groupthink,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.00,0:04:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which holds that all creativity\Nand all productivity
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.00,0:04:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comes from a very oddly gregarious place.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.00,0:04:56.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you picture the typical\Nclassroom nowadays:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.36,0:04:59.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was going to school,\Nwe sat in rows.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.00,0:05:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We sat in rows of desks like this,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.00,0:05:04.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we did most of our work\Npretty autonomously.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.29,0:05:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But nowadays, your typical classroom\Nhas pods of desks --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.00,0:05:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,four or five or six or seven kids\Nall facing each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.00,0:05:13.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And kids are working\Nin countless group assignments.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.50,0:05:15.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even in subjects like math\Nand creative writing,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.00,0:05:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which you think would depend\Non solo flights of thought,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.00,0:05:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kids are now expected to act\Nas committee members.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.00,0:05:27.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for the kids who prefer to go off\Nby themselves or just to work alone,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.22,0:05:29.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those kids are seen as outliers often
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.10,0:05:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or, worse, as problem cases.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.75,0:05:35.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the vast majority of teachers
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.65,0:05:38.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reports believing that\Nthe ideal student is an extrovert
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.40,0:05:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as opposed to an introvert,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.00,0:05:42.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though introverts\Nactually get better grades
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.36,0:05:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and are more knowledgeable,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.00,0:05:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,according to research.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.00,0:05:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.00,0:05:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, same thing is true\Nin our workplaces.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.00,0:05:53.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, most of us work in open plan offices,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.00,0:05:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without walls,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.00,0:06:00.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we are subject to the constant\Nnoise and gaze of our coworkers.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.31,0:06:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when it comes to leadership,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.00,0:06:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,introverts are routinely passed over\Nfor leadership positions,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.00,0:06:07.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though introverts\Ntend to be very careful,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.24,0:06:09.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,much less likely to take outsize risks --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.24,0:06:11.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is something\Nwe might all favor nowadays.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.00,0:06:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And interesting research\Nby Adam Grant at the Wharton School
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.00,0:06:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has found that introverted leaders
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.00,0:06:19.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often deliver better outcomes\Nthan extroverts do,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.36,0:06:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because when they are managing\Nproactive employees,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.00,0:06:25.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're much more likely to let\Nthose employees run with their ideas,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.29,0:06:27.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whereas an extrovert\Ncan, quite unwittingly,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.41,0:06:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get so excited about things
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.00,0:06:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they're putting\Ntheir own stamp on things,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.24,0:06:35.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other people's ideas might not\Nas easily then bubble up to the surface.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.00,0:06:39.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now in fact, some of our transformative\Nleaders in history have been introverts.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.80,0:06:41.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll give you some examples.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.20,0:06:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandhi --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.00,0:06:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all these peopled described themselves\Nas quiet and soft-spoken and even shy.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.00,0:06:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they all took the spotlight,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.00,0:06:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though every bone in their bodies\Nwas telling them not to.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.27,0:06:58.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this turns out to have\Na special power all its own,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.90,0:07:01.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because people could feel\Nthat these leaders were at the helm
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.90,0:07:03.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not because they enjoyed directing others
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.90,0:07:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not out of the pleasure\Nof being looked at;
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.20,0:07:08.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were there\Nbecause they had no choice,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.27,0:07:11.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they were driven to do\Nwhat they thought was right.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.47,0:07:14.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now I think at this point\Nit's important for me to say
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.10,0:07:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I actually love extroverts.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.00,0:07:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I always like to say some of my best\Nfriends are extroverts,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.00,0:07:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including my beloved husband.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.00,0:07:26.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we all fall\Nat different points, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.26,0:07:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,along the introvert/extrovert spectrum.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.00,0:07:32.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even Carl Jung, the psychologist\Nwho first popularized these terms,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.43,0:07:34.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,said that there's no such thing\Nas a pure introvert
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.84,0:07:36.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a pure extrovert.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.20,0:07:38.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He said that such a man\Nwould be in a lunatic asylum,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.75,0:07:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if he existed at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.00,0:07:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And some people fall smack in the middle\Nof the introvert/extrovert spectrum,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.00,0:07:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we call these people ambiverts.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.00,0:07:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I often think that they have\Nthe best of all worlds.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.100,0:07:53.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But many of us do recognize\Nourselves as one type or the other.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.00,0:07:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what I'm saying is that culturally,\Nwe need a much better balance.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.31,0:08:00.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need more of a yin and yang\Nbetween these two types.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.00,0:08:02.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is especially important
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.00,0:08:05.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it comes to creativity\Nand to productivity,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.31,0:08:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because when psychologists look\Nat the lives of the most creative people,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.00,0:08:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what they find
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.00,0:08:13.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are people who are very good\Nat exchanging ideas
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.31,0:08:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and advancing ideas,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.00,0:08:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but who also have a serious\Nstreak of introversion in them.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.00,0:08:20.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is because solitude
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.25,0:08:22.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a crucial ingredient\Noften to creativity.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.40,0:08:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Darwin,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.00,0:08:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he took long walks alone in the woods
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.00,0:08:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and emphatically turned down\Ndinner-party invitations.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.00,0:08:31.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Theodor Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.00,0:08:34.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he dreamed up many\Nof his amazing creations
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.05,0:08:36.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a lonely bell tower office that he had
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.05,0:08:38.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the back of his house\Nin La Jolla, California.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.00,0:08:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he was actually afraid to meet\Nthe young children who read his books
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.00,0:08:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for fear that they were expecting him\Nthis kind of jolly Santa Claus-like figure
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.02,0:08:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and would be disappointed\Nwith his more reserved persona.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.00,0:08:53.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Steve Wozniak invented\Nthe first Apple computer
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.26,0:08:56.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sitting alone in his cubicle\Nin Hewlett-Packard
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.28,0:08:57.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where he was working at the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.94,0:09:01.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he says that he never would have\Nbecome such an expert in the first place
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.64,0:09:04.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had he not been too introverted\Nto leave the house
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.10,0:09:05.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he was growing up.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.81,0:09:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.00,0:09:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this does not mean that we should\Nall stop collaborating --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.00,0:09:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and case in point, is Steve Wozniak\Nfamously coming together with Steve Jobs
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.64,0:09:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to start Apple Computer --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.00,0:09:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it does mean that solitude matters
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.00,0:09:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that for some people\Nit is the air that they breathe.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.00,0:09:29.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in fact, we have known for centuries\Nabout the transcendent power of solitude.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.00,0:09:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's only recently that\Nwe've strangely begun to forget it.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.00,0:09:35.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you look at most\Nof the world's major religions,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.00,0:09:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you will find seekers --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.00,0:09:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Moses, Jesus, Buddha, Muhammad --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.00,0:09:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seekers who are going off by themselves\Nalone to the wilderness,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.00,0:09:47.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they then have profound\Nepiphanies and revelations
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.70,0:09:50.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they then bring back\Nto the rest of the community.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.40,0:09:53.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, no wilderness, no revelations.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.00,0:09:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is no surprise, though,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.00,0:09:58.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you look at the insights\Nof contemporary psychology.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.00,0:10:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turns out that we can't\Neven be in a group of people
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.00,0:10:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without instinctively mirroring,\Nmimicking their opinions.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.00,0:10:07.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even about seemingly\Npersonal and visceral things
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.36,0:10:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like who you're attracted to,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.00,0:10:11.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you will start aping the beliefs\Nof the people around you
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.00,0:10:14.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without even realizing\Nthat that's what you're doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.55,0:10:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And groups famously follow the opinions
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.00,0:10:19.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the most dominant\Nor charismatic person in the room,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.70,0:10:21.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though there's zero correlation
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.50,0:10:24.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between being the best talker\Nand having the best ideas --
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.30,0:10:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean zero.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.00,0:10:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So...
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.00,0:10:29.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.00,0:10:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You might be following the person\Nwith the best ideas,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.00,0:10:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you might not.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.00,0:10:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And do you really want\Nto leave it up to chance?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.00,0:10:40.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Much better for everybody\Nto go off by themselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.40,0:10:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,generate their own ideas
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.00,0:10:44.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,freed from the distortions\Nof group dynamics,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.17,0:10:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then come together as a team
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.00,0:10:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to talk them through\Nin a well-managed environment
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.00,0:10:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and take it from there.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.00,0:10:52.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now if all this is true,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.00,0:10:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then why are we getting it so wrong?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.00,0:10:58.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why are we setting up our schools\Nthis way, and our workplaces?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.00,0:11:01.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And why are we making\Nthese introverts feel so guilty
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.55,0:11:04.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about wanting to just go off\Nby themselves some of the time?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.50,0:11:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One answer lies deep\Nin our cultural history.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.00,0:11:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Western societies,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.00,0:11:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in particular the U.S.,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.00,0:11:17.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have always favored the man of action\Nover the "man" of contemplation.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.00,0:11:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in America's early days,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.00,0:11:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we lived in what historians\Ncall a culture of character,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.00,0:11:27.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we still,\Nat that point, valued people
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.12,0:11:29.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for their inner selves\Nand their moral rectitude.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.00,0:11:32.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you look at the self-help\Nbooks from this era,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.60,0:11:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they all had titles with things like
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.40,0:11:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Character, the Grandest\NThing in the World."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.00,0:11:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they featured role models\Nlike Abraham Lincoln,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.00,0:11:42.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was praised for being\Nmodest and unassuming.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.31,0:11:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ralph Waldo Emerson called him
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.00,0:11:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"A man who does not\Noffend by superiority."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.00,0:11:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then we hit the 20th century,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.00,0:11:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we entered a new culture
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.00,0:11:54.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that historians call\Nthe culture of personality.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.29,0:11:56.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What happened is we had evolved\Nan agricultural economy
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.99,0:11:58.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to a world of big business.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.40,0:12:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so suddenly people are moving\Nfrom small towns to the cities.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.00,0:12:05.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And instead of working alongside people\Nthey've known all their lives,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.34,0:12:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now they are having to prove themselves\Nin a crowd of strangers.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.00,0:12:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, quite understandably,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.00,0:12:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,qualities like magnetism and charisma\Nsuddenly come to seem really important.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.00,0:12:18.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And sure enough, the self-help books\Nchange to meet these new needs
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.22,0:12:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they start to have names
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.00,0:12:22.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like "How to Win Friends\Nand Influence People."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.24,0:12:26.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they feature as their role models\Nreally great salesmen.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.00,0:12:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's the world we're living in today.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.02,0:12:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's our cultural inheritance.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.00,0:12:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now none of this is to say\Nthat social skills are unimportant,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.00,0:12:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm also not calling\Nfor the abolishing of teamwork at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.00,0:12:46.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The same religions who send their sages\Noff to lonely mountain tops
Dialogue: 0,0:12:46.22,0:12:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also teach us love and trust.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.00,0:12:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the problems that we are facing today
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.00,0:12:52.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in fields like science and in economics
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.00,0:12:54.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are so vast and so complex
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.00,0:12:57.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we are going to need armies\Nof people coming together
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.80,0:12:59.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to solve them working together.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.40,0:13:03.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I am saying that the more freedom\Nthat we give introverts to be themselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.20,0:13:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the more likely that they are
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.70,0:13:07.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to come up with their own unique\Nsolutions to these problems.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.00,0:13:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now I'd like to share with you\Nwhat's in my suitcase today.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.00,0:13:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Guess what?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.00,0:13:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Books.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.00,0:13:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have a suitcase full of books.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.00,0:13:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's Margaret Atwood, "Cat's Eye."
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.00,0:13:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's a novel by Milan Kundera.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.00,0:13:33.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here's "The Guide for the Perplexed"\Nby Maimonides.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.00,0:13:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But these are not exactly my books.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.00,0:13:38.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I brought these books with me
Dialogue: 0,0:13:39.00,0:13:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they were written\Nby my grandfather's favorite authors.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.00,0:13:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My grandfather was a rabbi
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.00,0:13:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he was a widower
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.00,0:13:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who lived alone in a small\Napartment in Brooklyn
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.00,0:13:52.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was my favorite place\Nin the world when I was growing up,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:53.00,0:13:56.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,partly because it was filled with\Nhis very gentle, very courtly presence
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.45,0:13:58.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and partly because\Nit was filled with books.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.00,0:14:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean literally every table,\Nevery chair in this apartment
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.00,0:14:03.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had yielded its original function
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.00,0:14:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to now serve as a surface\Nfor swaying stacks of books.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.00,0:14:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just like the rest of my family,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.00,0:14:12.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my grandfather's favorite thing to do\Nin the whole world was to read.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.31,0:14:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he also loved his congregation,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.00,0:14:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you could feel this love\Nin the sermons that he gave
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.00,0:14:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every week for the 62 years\Nthat he was a rabbi.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.00,0:14:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He would takes the fruits\Nof each week's reading
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.00,0:14:26.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he would weave
Dialogue: 0,0:14:26.34,0:14:29.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these intricate tapestries\Nof ancient and humanist thought.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.20,0:14:31.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And people would come from all over\Nto hear him speak.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.70,0:14:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But here's the thing about my grandfather.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.07,0:14:37.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Underneath this ceremonial role,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.70,0:14:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was really modest\Nand really introverted --
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.00,0:14:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so much so that when\Nhe delivered these sermons,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.00,0:14:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he had trouble making eye contact
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.00,0:14:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the very same congregation\Nthat he had been speaking to for 62 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.02,0:14:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even away from the podium,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.00,0:14:52.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you called him to say hello,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.00,0:14:55.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he would often end\Nthe conversation prematurely
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.26,0:14:58.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for fear that he was taking up\Ntoo much of your time.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.00,0:15:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when he died at the age of 94,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.00,0:15:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the police had to close down\Nthe streets of his neighborhood
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.00,0:15:08.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to accommodate the crowd of people\Nwho came out to mourn him.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:11.85,0:15:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so these days I try to learn\Nfrom my grandfather's example
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.90,0:15:16.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in my own way.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:16.30,0:15:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I just published a book\Nabout introversion,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:19.00,0:15:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it took me about seven years to write.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:21.02,0:15:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for me, that seven years\Nwas like total bliss,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.00,0:15:26.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I was reading, I was writing,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:27.00,0:15:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was thinking, I was researching.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.00,0:15:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was my version
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.00,0:15:33.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of my grandfather's hours\Nof the day alone in his library.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.00,0:15:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But now all of a sudden\Nmy job is very different,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.00,0:15:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my job is to be\Nout here talking about it,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:40.00,0:15:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talking about introversion.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:43.00,0:15:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.00,0:15:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's a lot harder for me,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:49.00,0:15:52.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because as honored as I am\Nto be here with all of you right now,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:53.00,0:15:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is not my natural milieu.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:56.00,0:15:59.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I prepared for moments\Nlike these as best I could.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.00,0:16:02.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I spent the last year\Npracticing public speaking
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.31,0:16:03.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every chance I could get.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:04.00,0:16:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I call this my "year\Nof speaking dangerously."
Dialogue: 0,0:16:07.00,0:16:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.00,0:16:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that actually helped a lot.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:11.00,0:16:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I'll tell you, what helps even more
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.00,0:16:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is my sense, my belief, my hope\Nthat when it comes to our attitudes
Dialogue: 0,0:16:18.00,0:16:20.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to introversion and to quiet\Nand to solitude,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:20.14,0:16:22.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we truly are poised on the brink\Non dramatic change.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.64,0:16:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, we are.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:24.00,0:16:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so I am going to leave you now
Dialogue: 0,0:16:26.00,0:16:29.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with three calls for action\Nfor those who share this vision.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.00,0:16:31.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Number one:
Dialogue: 0,0:16:32.00,0:16:33.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stop the madness for constant group work.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:34.00,0:16:35.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just stop it.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:36.00,0:16:38.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:16:39.00,0:16:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.00,0:16:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:16:43.00,0:16:45.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I want to be clear\Nabout what I'm saying,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:45.17,0:16:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I deeply believe our offices
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.00,0:16:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,should be encouraging casual, chatty\Ncafe-style types of interactions --
Dialogue: 0,0:16:51.00,0:16:53.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, the kind\Nwhere people come together
Dialogue: 0,0:16:53.14,0:16:55.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and serendipitously have\Nan exchange of ideas.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:55.36,0:16:56.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is great.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.00,0:16:59.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's great for introverts\Nand it's great for extroverts.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:59.70,0:17:02.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we need much more privacy\Nand much more freedom
Dialogue: 0,0:17:02.15,0:17:03.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and much more autonomy at work.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:03.70,0:17:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,School, same thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:05.00,0:17:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to be teaching kids\Nto work together, for sure,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:08.00,0:17:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we also need to be teaching them\Nhow to work on their own.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:11.00,0:17:13.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is especially important\Nfor extroverted children too.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.80,0:17:15.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They need to work on their own
Dialogue: 0,0:17:15.30,0:17:17.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because that is where deep thought\Ncomes from in part.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:17.90,0:17:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, number two: Go to the wilderness.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:20.00,0:17:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Be like Buddha, have your own revelations.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:23.00,0:17:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not saying
Dialogue: 0,0:17:25.00,0:17:28.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we all have to now go off and build\Nour own cabins in the woods
Dialogue: 0,0:17:28.26,0:17:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and never talk to each other again,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:31.00,0:17:33.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I am saying that we could\Nall stand to unplug
Dialogue: 0,0:17:33.36,0:17:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and get inside our own heads\Na little more often.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:39.00,0:17:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Number three:
Dialogue: 0,0:17:42.00,0:17:44.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take a good look\Nat what's inside your own suitcase
Dialogue: 0,0:17:44.45,0:17:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and why you put it there.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:46.00,0:17:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So extroverts,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:48.00,0:17:50.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe your suitcases\Nare also full of books.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.10,0:17:54.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or maybe they're full of champagne glasses\Nor skydiving equipment.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:55.00,0:17:58.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whatever it is, I hope you take\Nthese things out every chance you get
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.00,0:18:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and grace us with your energy\Nand your joy.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.00,0:18:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But introverts, you being you,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.00,0:18:07.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you probably have the impulse\Nto guard very carefully
Dialogue: 0,0:18:07.58,0:18:09.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what's inside your own suitcase.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.48,0:18:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's okay.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:11.00,0:18:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But occasionally, just occasionally,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.00,0:18:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I hope you will open up your suitcases\Nfor other people to see,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:16.02,0:18:19.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the world needs you and it\Nneeds the things you carry.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:21.00,0:18:23.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I wish you the best\Nof all possible journeys
Dialogue: 0,0:18:23.26,0:18:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the courage to speak softly.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:26.00,0:18:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:28.00,0:18:31.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.00,0:18:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you. Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:35.00,0:18:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)