[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.64,0:00:05.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Worldwide, over 1.5 billion people\Nexperience armed conflict.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.88,0:00:09.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In response, people are forced\Nto flee their country,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.60,0:00:12.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leaving over 15 million refugees.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.52,0:00:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Children, without a doubt,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.88,0:00:17.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the most innocent\Nand vulnerable victims ...
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.64,0:00:21.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not just from\Nthe obvious physical dangers,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.28,0:00:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but from the often unspoken effects\Nthat wars have on their families.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.28,0:00:29.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The experiences of war\Nleave children at a real high risk
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.52,0:00:32.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the development\Nof emotional and behavioral problems.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.96,0:00:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Children, as we can only imagine,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.84,0:00:37.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will feel worried, threatened and at risk.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.56,0:00:39.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there is good news.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.40,0:00:44.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The quality of care\Nthat children receive in their families
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.16,0:00:47.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can have a more significant\Neffect on their well-being
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.64,0:00:51.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than from the actual experiences of war\Nthat they have been exposed to.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.44,0:00:55.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So actually, children can be protected
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.20,0:00:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by warm, secure parenting\Nduring and after conflict.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.92,0:01:05.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2011, I was a first-year PhD student
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.28,0:01:08.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the University of Manchester\NSchool of Psychological Sciences.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.04,0:01:10.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like many of you here,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.52,0:01:13.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I watched the crisis in Syria\Nunfold in front of me on the TV.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.56,0:01:16.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My family is originally from Syria,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.88,0:01:18.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and very early on,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.16,0:01:20.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I lost several family members\Nin really horrifying ways.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.76,0:01:24.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd sit and I'd gather with my family\Nand watch the TV.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.20,0:01:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've all seen those scenes:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.64,0:01:28.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bombs destroying buildings,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.72,0:01:30.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chaos, destruction
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.04,0:01:32.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and people screaming and running.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.44,0:01:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was always the people screaming\Nand running that really got me the most,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.40,0:01:39.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially those\Nterrified-looking children.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.40,0:01:45.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was a mother to two young,\Ntypically inquisitive children.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.12,0:01:46.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were five and six then,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.72,0:01:49.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at an age where they typically\Nasked lots and lots of questions,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.80,0:01:51.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and expected real, convincing answers.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.12,0:01:55.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I began to wonder\Nwhat it might be like
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.80,0:01:59.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to parent my children\Nin a war zone and a refugee camp.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.24,0:02:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would my children change?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.68,0:02:05.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would my daughter's bright,\Nhappy eyes lose their shine?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.52,0:02:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would my son's really relaxed and carefree\Nnature become fearful and withdrawn?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.80,0:02:14.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How would I cope?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.44,0:02:16.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would I change?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.64,0:02:20.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As psychologists and parent trainers,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.88,0:02:24.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we know that arming parents\Nwith skills in caring for their children
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.80,0:02:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can have a huge effect\Non their well-being,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.20,0:02:30.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we call this parent training.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.68,0:02:32.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The question I had was,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.64,0:02:36.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could parent training programs\Nbe useful for families
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.40,0:02:39.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while they were still in war zones\Nor refugee camps?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.44,0:02:42.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could we reach them\Nwith advice or training
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.04,0:02:44.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would help them\Nthrough these struggles?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.84,0:02:48.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I approached my PhD supervisor,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.60,0:02:50.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Professor Rachel Calam,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.12,0:02:54.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the idea of using my academic skills\Nto make some change in the real world.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.76,0:02:56.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wasn't quite sure\Nwhat exactly I wanted to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.04,0:02:59.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She listened carefully and patiently,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.92,0:03:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then to my joy she said,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.52,0:03:04.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"If that's what you want to do,\Nand it means so much to you,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.40,0:03:05.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then let's do it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.68,0:03:08.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's find ways to see if parent programs
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.68,0:03:11.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can be useful for families\Nin these contexts."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.96,0:03:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So for the past five years,\Nmyself and my colleagues --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.88,0:03:17.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prof. Calam and Dr. Kim Cartwright --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.48,0:03:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been working\Non ways to support families
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.72,0:03:21.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have experienced\Nwar and displacement.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.56,0:03:26.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, to know how to help families\Nthat have been through conflict
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.00,0:03:28.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,support their children,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.44,0:03:32.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first step must obviously be\Nto ask them what they're struggling with,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.28,0:03:33.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.52,0:03:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, it seems obvious.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.92,0:03:37.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's often those\Nthat are the most vulnerable,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.32,0:03:38.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we're trying to support,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.76,0:03:40.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we actually don't ask.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.12,0:03:43.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many times have we just assumed\Nwe know exactly the right thing
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.32,0:03:46.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's going to help someone or something\Nwithout actually asking them first?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.40,0:03:51.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I travelled to refugee camps\Nin Syria and in Turkey,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.08,0:03:53.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I sat with families, and I listened.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.24,0:03:56.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I listened to their parenting challenges,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.00,0:03:59.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I listened to their parenting struggles
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.28,0:04:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I listened to their call for help.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.52,0:04:03.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And sometimes that was just paused,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.56,0:04:05.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as all I could do was hold hands with them
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.64,0:04:07.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and just join them\Nin silent crying and prayer.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.60,0:04:11.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They told me about their struggles,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.04,0:04:14.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they told me about the rough,\Nharsh refugee camp conditions
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.84,0:04:18.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that made it hard to focus\Non anything but practical chores
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.08,0:04:19.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like collecting clean water.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.60,0:04:23.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They told me how they watched\Ntheir children withdraw;
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.92,0:04:27.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the sadness, depression, anger,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.12,0:04:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bed-wetting, thumb-sucking,\Nfear of loud noises,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.32,0:04:32.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fear of nightmares --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.20,0:04:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,terrifying, terrifying nightmares.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.96,0:04:38.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These families had been through\Nwhat we had been watching on the TV.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.24,0:04:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mothers --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.48,0:04:42.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost half of them\Nwere now widows of war,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.68,0:04:45.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or didn't even know\Nif their husbands were dead or alive --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.48,0:04:48.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,described how they felt\Nthey were coping so badly.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.48,0:04:53.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They watched their children change\Nand they had no idea how to help them.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.56,0:04:56.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They didn't know how to answer\Ntheir children's questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.44,0:05:00.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I found incredibly astonishing\Nand so motivational
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.80,0:05:05.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was that these families were\Nso motivated to support their children.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.72,0:05:08.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Despite all these challenges they faced,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.16,0:05:10.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were trying to help their children.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.44,0:05:14.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were making attempts\Nat seeking support from NGO workers,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.08,0:05:15.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from refugee camp teachers,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.00,0:05:17.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,professional medics,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.24,0:05:18.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other parents.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.04,0:05:22.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One mother I met had only been\Nin a camp for four days,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.28,0:05:23.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and had already made two attempts
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.92,0:05:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at seeking support\Nfor her eight-year-old daughter
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.36,0:05:28.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was having terrifying nightmares.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.00,0:05:32.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But sadly, these attempts\Nare almost always useless.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.68,0:05:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Refugee camp doctors, when available,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.76,0:05:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are almost always too busy,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.56,0:05:41.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or don't have the knowledge or the time\Nfor basic parenting supports.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.36,0:05:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Refugee camp teachers and other parents\Nare just like them --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.12,0:05:49.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,part of a new refugee community\Nwho's struggling with new needs.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.00,0:05:53.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So then we began to think.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.76,0:05:56.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How could we help these families?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.24,0:06:01.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The families were struggling with things\Nmuch bigger than they could cope with.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.40,0:06:03.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Syrian crisis made it clear
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.12,0:06:08.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how incredibly impossible it would be\Nto reach families on an individual level.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.44,0:06:10.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How else could we help them?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.44,0:06:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How would we reach families\Nat a population level
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.40,0:06:15.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and low costs
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.12,0:06:19.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in these terrifying, terrifying times?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.88,0:06:23.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After hours of speaking to NGO workers,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.48,0:06:25.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one suggested a fantastic innovative idea
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.96,0:06:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of distributing parenting\Ninformation leaflets via bread wrappers --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.00,0:06:35.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bread wrappers that were being delivered\Nto families in a conflict zone in Syria
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.36,0:06:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by humanitarian workers.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.36,0:06:38.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's what we did.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.00,0:06:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The bread wrappers haven't changed\Nat all in their appearance,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.00,0:06:44.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,except for the addition\Nof two pieces of paper.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.80,0:06:49.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One was a parenting information leaflet\Nthat had basic advice and information
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.72,0:06:53.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that normalized to the parent\Nwhat they might be experiencing,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.16,0:06:55.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what their child\Nmight be experiencing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.20,0:06:59.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And information on how they could\Nsupport themselves and their children,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.04,0:07:03.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as information like spending\Ntime talking to your child,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.28,0:07:05.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,showing them more affection,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.40,0:07:07.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being more patient with your child,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.48,0:07:09.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talking to your children.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.32,0:07:11.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The other piece of paper\Nwas a feedback questionnaire,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.92,0:07:13.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and of course, there was a pen.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.16,0:07:17.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So is this simply leaflet distribution,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.68,0:07:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or is this actually a possible means\Nof delivering psychological first aid
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.52,0:07:24.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that provides warm,\Nsecure, loving parenting?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.60,0:07:28.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We managed to distribute\N3,000 of these in just one week.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.16,0:07:33.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What was incredible was\Nwe had a 60 percent response rate.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.84,0:07:38.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,60 percent of the 3,000\Nfamilies responded.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.08,0:07:40.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know how many\Nresearchers we have here today,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.60,0:07:42.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that kind of response\Nrate is fantastic.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.96,0:07:46.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To have that in Manchester\Nwould be a huge achievement,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.24,0:07:48.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let alone in a conflict zone in Syria --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.96,0:07:52.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really highlighting how important\Nthese kinds of messages were to families.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.20,0:07:59.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember how excited and eager we were\Nfor the return of the questionnaires.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.16,0:08:01.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The families had left\Nhundreds of messages --
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.68,0:08:04.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most incredibly positive and encouraging.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.08,0:08:05.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But my favorite has got to be,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.84,0:08:08.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Thank you for not forgetting\Nabout us and our children."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.28,0:08:12.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This really illustrates\Nthe potential means
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.36,0:08:15.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the delivery of psychological\Nfirst aid to families,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.16,0:08:17.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the return of feedback, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.28,0:08:19.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just imagine replicating this\Nusing other means
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.80,0:08:24.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as baby milk distribution,\Nor female hygiene kits,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.40,0:08:25.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even food baskets.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.02,0:08:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But let's bring this closer to home,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.76,0:08:31.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the refugee crisis
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.08,0:08:34.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is one that is having an effect\Non every single one of us.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.52,0:08:39.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're bombarded with images daily\Nof statistics and of photos,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.16,0:08:40.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's not surprising,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.76,0:08:42.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because by last month,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.04,0:08:45.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over one million refugees\Nhad reached Europe.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.16,0:08:46.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One million.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.96,0:08:50.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Refugees are joining our communities,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.12,0:08:51.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're becoming our neighbors,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.64,0:08:54.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their children are attending\Nour children's schools.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.28,0:08:58.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we've adapted the leaflet\Nto meet the needs of European refugees,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.60,0:09:01.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we have them online, open-access,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.96,0:09:04.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in areas with a really high\Nrefugee influx.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.64,0:09:07.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, the Swedish healthcare\Nuploaded it onto their website,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.88,0:09:09.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and within the first 45 minutes,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.60,0:09:12.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was downloaded 343 times --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.48,0:09:15.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really highlighting how important it is
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.40,0:09:17.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for volunteers, practitioners\Nand other parents
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.96,0:09:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have open-access,\Npsychological first-aid messages.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.28,0:09:29.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2013, I was sitting on the cold,\Nhard floor of a refugee camp tent
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.48,0:09:32.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with mothers sitting around me\Nas I was conducting a focus group.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.44,0:09:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Across from me stood an elderly lady
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.76,0:09:39.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with what seemed to be\Na 13-year-old girl lying beside her,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.24,0:09:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with her head on the elderly lady's knees.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.08,0:09:44.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The girl stayed quiet\Nthroughout the focus group,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.88,0:09:46.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not talking at all,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.20,0:09:48.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with her knees\Ncurled up against her chest.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.04,0:09:50.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Towards the end of the focus group,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.76,0:09:53.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as I was thanking\Nthe mothers for their time,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.76,0:09:56.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the elderly lady looked at me\Nwhile pointing at the young girl,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.76,0:09:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and said to me, "Can you help us with...?"
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.08,0:10:02.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not quite sure what she expected me to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.48,0:10:04.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I looked at the young girl and smiled,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.36,0:10:05.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in Arabic I said,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.76,0:10:07.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Salaam alaikum. Shu-ismak?"
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.80,0:10:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"What's your name?"
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.72,0:10:12.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She looked at me really\Nconfused and unengaged,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.48,0:10:14.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but then said, "Halul."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.84,0:10:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Halul is the pet's name\Nfor the Arabic female name, Hala,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.40,0:10:22.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and is only really used\Nto refer to really young girls.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.32,0:10:26.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that point I realized that actually\NHala was probably much older than 13.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.80,0:10:32.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turns out Hala was a 25-year-old\Nmother to three young children.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.92,0:10:36.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hala had been a confident,\Nbright, bubbly, loving, caring mother
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.92,0:10:38.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to her children,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.16,0:10:40.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the war had changed all of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.00,0:10:45.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She had lived through bombs\Nbeing dropped in her town;
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.40,0:10:47.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she had lived through explosions.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.44,0:10:50.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When fighter jets\Nwere flying around their building,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.92,0:10:52.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dropping bombs,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.16,0:10:54.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her children would be screaming,\Nterrified from the noise.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.92,0:10:58.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hala would frantically grab pillows\Nand cover her children's ears
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.04,0:10:59.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to block out the noise,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.44,0:11:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the while screaming herself.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.08,0:11:03.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When they reached the refugee camp
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.80,0:11:07.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she knew they were finally\Nin some kind of safety,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.04,0:11:10.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she completely withdrew\Nto acting like her old childhood self.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.08,0:11:13.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She completely rejected her family --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.48,0:11:16.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her children, her husband.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.20,0:11:19.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hala simply could no longer cope.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.60,0:11:23.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a parenting struggle\Nwith a really tough ending,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.52,0:11:25.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but sadly, it's not uncommon.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.36,0:11:28.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those who experience\Narmed conflict and displacement
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.36,0:11:30.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will face serious emotional struggles.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.72,0:11:33.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's something we can all relate to.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.92,0:11:37.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you have been through\Na devastating time in your life,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.60,0:11:42.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you have lost someone\Nor something you really care about,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.40,0:11:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how would you continue to cope?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.68,0:11:49.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could you still be able\Nto care for yourself and for your family?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.48,0:11:54.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Given that the first years\Nof a child's life are crucial
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.64,0:11:57.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for healthy physical\Nand emotional development,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.92,0:12:02.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that 1.5 billion people\Nare experiencing armed conflict --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.92,0:12:05.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many of whom are now\Njoining our communities --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.64,0:12:07.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we cannot afford to turn a blind eye
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.56,0:12:11.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the needs of those\Nwho are experiencing war and displacement.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.80,0:12:15.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We must prioritize\Nthese families' needs --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.28,0:12:20.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both those who are internally displaced,\Nand those who are refugees worldwide.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.08,0:12:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These needs must be prioritized\Nby NGO workers, policy makers,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.12,0:12:30.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the WHO, the UNHCR\Nand every single one of us
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.44,0:12:33.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in whatever capacity it is\Nthat we function in our society.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.60,0:12:40.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we begin to recognize\Nthe individual faces of the conflict,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.80,0:12:45.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we begin to notice\Nthose intricate emotions on their faces,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.32,0:12:47.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we begin to see them as humans, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.00,0:12:50.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We begin to see\Nthe needs of these families,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.72,0:12:52.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these are the real human needs.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.84,0:12:56.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When these family needs are prioritized,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.56,0:12:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interventions for children\Nin humanitarian settings
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.88,0:13:05.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will prioritize and recognize the primary\Nrole of the family in supporting children.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.84,0:13:08.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Family mental health\Nwill be shouting loud and clear
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.44,0:13:10.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in global, international agenda.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.08,0:13:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And children will be less likely\Nto enter social service systems
Dialogue: 0,0:13:14.80,0:13:16.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in resettlement countries
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.40,0:13:19.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because their families\Nwould have had support earlier on.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.52,0:13:23.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we will be more open-minded,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.28,0:13:25.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more welcoming, more caring
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.12,0:13:28.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and more trusting to those\Nwho are joining our communities.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.80,0:13:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to stop wars.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.72,0:13:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to build a world where children\Ncan dream of planes dropping gifts,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.40,0:13:38.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not bombs.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:39.32,0:13:43.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Until we stop armed conflicts\Nraging throughout the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.40,0:13:46.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,families will continue to be displaced,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.12,0:13:47.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leaving children vulnerable.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.08,0:13:51.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But by improving parenting\Nand caregiver support,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.16,0:13:56.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it may be possible to weaken the links\Nbetween war and psychological difficulties
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.44,0:13:58.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in children and their families.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.84,0:14:00.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.08,0:14:01.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)