[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.79,0:00:05.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Worldwide, over 1.5 billion people\Nexperience armed conflict.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.94,0:00:08.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In response,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.07,0:00:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people are forced to flee their country,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.00,0:00:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leaving over 15 million refugees.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.72,0:00:14.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Children,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.72,0:00:15.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without a doubt,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.72,0:00:18.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the most innocent\Nand vulnerable victims ...
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.81,0:00:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not just from the obvious\Nphysical dangers,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.50,0:00:25.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but from the often unspoken effects\Nthat wars have on their families.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.56,0:00:29.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The experiences of war\Nleave children at a real high risk
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.80,0:00:32.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the development of emotional\Nand behavioral problems.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.10,0:00:36.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Children, as we can only imagine,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.10,0:00:38.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will feel worried, threatened and at risk.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.82,0:00:40.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there is good news.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.54,0:00:44.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The quality of care that children\Nreceive in their families
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.40,0:00:47.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can have a more significant\Naffect on their well-being
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.92,0:00:51.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than from the actual experiences of war\Nthat they have been exposed to.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.58,0:00:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So actually,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.58,0:00:58.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,children can be protected\Nby warm, secure parenting
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.30,0:01:00.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during and after conflict.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.16,0:01:05.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2011, I was a first-year PhD student
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.52,0:01:08.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the University of Manchester\NSchool of Psychological Sciences.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.30,0:01:10.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like many of you here,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.81,0:01:14.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I watched the crisis in Syria\Nunfold in front of me on the TV.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.73,0:01:17.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My family is originally from Syria,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.14,0:01:18.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and very early on,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.14,0:01:21.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I lost several family members\Nin really horrifying ways.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.96,0:01:25.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd sit and I'd gather with my family\Nand watch the TV.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.48,0:01:27.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've all seen those scenes:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.11,0:01:28.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bombs destroying buildings,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.85,0:01:31.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chaos, destruction
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.25,0:01:33.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and people screaming and running.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.64,0:01:37.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was always the people screaming\Nand running that really got me the most,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.74,0:01:40.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially those\Nterrified-looking children.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.62,0:01:45.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was a mother to two young,\Ntypically inquisitive children.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.38,0:01:46.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were five and six then,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.96,0:01:49.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at an age where they typically asked\Nlots and lots of questions,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.97,0:01:53.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and expected real, convincing answers.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.49,0:01:55.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I began to wonder\Nwhat it might be like
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.91,0:01:59.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to parent my children in a war zone\Nand a refugee camp.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.34,0:02:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would my children change?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.80,0:02:06.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would my daughter's bright,\Nhappy eyes lose their shine?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.82,0:02:11.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would my son's really relaxed and carefree\Nnature become fearful and withdrawn?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.95,0:02:14.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How would I cope?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.59,0:02:17.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would I change?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.82,0:02:21.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As psychologists and parent trainers,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.16,0:02:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we know that arming parents\Nwith skills in caring for their children
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.00,0:02:28.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can have a huge effect\Non their well-being,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.57,0:02:30.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we call this parent training.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.99,0:02:32.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The question I had was,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.91,0:02:36.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could parent training programs\Nbe useful for families
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.65,0:02:39.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while they were still in war zones\Nor refugee camps?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.81,0:02:42.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could we reach them\Nwith advice or training
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.29,0:02:44.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would help them\Nthrough these struggles?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.98,0:02:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I approached my PhD supervisor,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.88,0:02:50.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Professor Rachel Calam,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.46,0:02:54.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the idea of using my academic skills\Nto make some change in the real world.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.96,0:02:57.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wasn't quite sure what\Nexactly I wanted to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.24,0:03:00.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She listened carefully and patiently,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.10,0:03:01.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then to my joy she said,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.82,0:03:03.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"If that's what you want to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.32,0:03:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it means so much to you,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.68,0:03:05.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then let's do it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.93,0:03:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's find ways to see if parent programs
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.94,0:03:11.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can be useful for families\Nin these contexts."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.23,0:03:13.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, for the past five years,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.59,0:03:15.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,myself and my colleagues --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.18,0:03:17.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Professor Calam and Dr. Kim Cartwright --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.78,0:03:19.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been working on ways\Nto support families
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.92,0:03:22.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have experienced\Nwar and displacement.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.65,0:03:27.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, to know how to help families\Nthat have been through conflict
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.25,0:03:28.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,support their children,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.73,0:03:32.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first step must obviously be\Nto ask them what they're struggling with,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.41,0:03:33.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.48,0:03:35.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, it seems obvious.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.08,0:03:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's often those\Nthat are the most vulnerable
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.38,0:03:38.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we're trying to support
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.72,0:03:40.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we actually don't ask.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.01,0:03:43.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many times have we just assumed\Nwe know exactly the right thing
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.18,0:03:47.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's going to help someone or something\Nwithout actually asking them first?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.60,0:03:51.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I travelled to refugee camps\Nin Syria and in Turkey,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.30,0:03:52.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I sat with families,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.57,0:03:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I listened.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.55,0:03:57.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I listened to their parenting challenges,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.25,0:03:59.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I listened to their parenting struggles
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.69,0:04:01.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I listened to their call for help.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.80,0:04:03.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And sometimes that was just paused,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.82,0:04:05.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as all I could do\Nwas hold hands with them,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.82,0:04:08.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and just join them in silent\Ncrying and prayer.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.03,0:04:11.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They told me about their struggles,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.32,0:04:15.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they told me about the rough,\Nharsh refugee camp conditions
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.09,0:04:18.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that made it hard to focus\Non anything but practical chores
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.22,0:04:20.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like collecting clean water.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.72,0:04:24.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They told me how they watched\Ntheir children withdraw;
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.20,0:04:27.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the sadness, depression, anger,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.23,0:04:30.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bed-wetting, thumb-sucking,\Nfear of loud noises,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.51,0:04:32.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fear of nightmares --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.49,0:04:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,terrifying, terrifying nightmares.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.100,0:04:38.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These families had been through\Nwhat we had been watching on the TV.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.41,0:04:40.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mothers,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.49,0:04:42.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost half of them were now\Nwidows of war,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.94,0:04:45.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or didn't even know if their husbands\Nwere dead or alive,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.73,0:04:49.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,described how they felt\Nthey were coping so badly.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.66,0:04:51.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They watched their children change,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.34,0:04:53.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they had no idea how to help them.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.74,0:04:57.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They didn't know how to answer\Ntheir children's questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.54,0:04:59.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I found incredibly astonishing,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.52,0:05:01.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so motivational
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.08,0:05:05.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was that these families were\Nso motivated to support their children.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.01,0:05:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Despite all these challenges they faced,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.37,0:05:10.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were trying to help their children.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.68,0:05:14.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were making attempts at seeking\Nsupport from NGO workers,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.26,0:05:16.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from refugee camp teachers,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.24,0:05:17.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,professional medics,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.55,0:05:18.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other parents.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.28,0:05:22.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One mother I met had only been\Nin a camp for four days,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.54,0:05:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and had already made two attempts
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.16,0:05:26.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at seeking support for\Nher eight-year-old daughter
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.64,0:05:29.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was having terrifying nightmares.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.16,0:05:33.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But sadly, these attempts\Nare almost always useless.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.79,0:05:35.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Refugee camp doctors,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.02,0:05:36.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when available,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.04,0:05:37.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are almost always too busy,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.74,0:05:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or don't have the knowledge or the time\Nfor basic parenting supports.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.64,0:05:46.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Refugee camp teachers and other parents\Nare just like them --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.47,0:05:50.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,part of new refugee community\Nwho's struggling with new needs.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.09,0:05:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, then we began to think.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.07,0:05:56.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How could we help these families?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.47,0:06:01.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The families were struggling with things\Nmuch bigger than they could cope with.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.59,0:06:05.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Syrian crisis made it clear how\Nincredibly impossible it would be
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.91,0:06:08.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to reach families on an individual level.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.60,0:06:10.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How else could we help them?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.56,0:06:14.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How would we reach families\Nat a population level,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.69,0:06:17.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and low costs
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.31,0:06:20.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in these terrifying, terrifying times?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.03,0:06:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After hours of speaking to NGO workers,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.75,0:06:26.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one suggested a fantastic innovative idea
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.37,0:06:31.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of distributing parenting information\Nleaflets via bread wrappers --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.09,0:06:35.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bread wrappers that were being delivered\Nto famlies in a conflict zone in Syria
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.53,0:06:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by humanitarian workers.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.67,0:06:39.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, that's what we did.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.21,0:06:42.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The bread wrappers haven't changed\Nat all in their appearance,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.30,0:06:44.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,except for the addition\Nof two pieces of paper.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.07,0:06:50.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One was a parenting information leaflet\Nthat had basic advice and information
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.11,0:06:53.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that normalized to the parent\Nwhat they might be experiencing,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.55,0:06:55.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what their child\Nmight be experiencing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.55,0:06:59.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And information on how they could\Nsupport themselves and their children,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.29,0:07:03.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as information like spending\Ntime talking to your child,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.50,0:07:05.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,showing them more affection,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.72,0:07:07.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being more patient with your child,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.77,0:07:09.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talking to your children.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.51,0:07:12.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The other piece of paper\Nwas a feedback questionnaire,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.23,0:07:14.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and of course, there was a pen.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.48,0:07:18.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is this simply leaflet distribution,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.03,0:07:21.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or is this actually a possible means\Nof delivering psychological first aid
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.78,0:07:24.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that provides warm, secure,\Nloving parenting?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.75,0:07:28.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We managed to distribute 3,000\Nof these in just one week.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.45,0:07:33.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What was incredible was we had\Na 60 percent response rate.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.02,0:07:37.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,60 percent of the 3,0000\Nfamilies responded.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.23,0:07:40.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know how many\Nresearchers we have here today,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.78,0:07:43.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that kind of response\Nrate is fantastic.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.31,0:07:46.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To have that in Manchester\Nwould be a huge achievement,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.49,0:07:49.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let alone in a conflict zone in Syria --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.24,0:07:53.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really highlighting how important\Nthese kinds of messages were to families.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.54,0:07:59.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember how excited and eager we were\Nfor the return of the questionnaires.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.40,0:08:01.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The families had left\Nhundreds of messages --
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.93,0:08:04.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most incredibly positive and encouraging.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.32,0:08:06.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But my favorite has got to be,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.03,0:08:09.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Thank you for not forgetting\Nabout us and our children."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.42,0:08:12.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This really illustrates\Nthe potential means
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.46,0:08:15.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the delivery of psychological\Nfirst aid to families,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.47,0:08:17.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the return of feedback, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.52,0:08:20.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just imagine replicating this\Nusing other means
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.15,0:08:22.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as baby milk distribution,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.60,0:08:24.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or female hygeine kits,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.71,0:08:26.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even food baskets.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.20,0:08:30.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But let's bring this closer to home,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.05,0:08:31.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the refugee crisis
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.30,0:08:34.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is one that is having an effect\Non every single one of us.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.76,0:08:39.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're bombarded with images daily\Nof statistics and of photos,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.46,0:08:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's not surprising,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.08,0:08:42.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because by last month,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.42,0:08:45.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over one million refugees\Nhad reached Europe.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.44,0:08:46.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One million.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.17,0:08:50.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Refugees are joining our communities,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.34,0:08:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're becoming our neighbors,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.00,0:08:54.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their children are attending\Nour children's schools.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.37,0:08:59.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, we've adapted the leaflet to meet\Nthe needs of European refugees,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.87,0:09:02.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we have them online,\Nopen-access,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.42,0:09:04.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in areas with a really high\Nrefugee influx.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.75,0:09:05.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.75,0:09:08.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Swedish healthcare\Nuploaded it onto their website,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.31,0:09:09.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and within the first 45 minutes,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.98,0:09:13.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was downloaded 343 times --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.67,0:09:17.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really highlighting how important it is\Nfor volunteers, practitioners
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.34,0:09:18.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other parents
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.34,0:09:21.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have open-access,\Npsychological first-aid messages.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.58,0:09:29.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2013, I was sitting on the cold,\Nhard floor of a refugee camp tent
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.76,0:09:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with mothers sitting around me
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.22,0:09:33.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as I was conducting a focus group.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.64,0:09:36.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Across from me stood an elederly lady
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.07,0:09:39.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with what seemed to be\Na 13-year-old girl lying beside her,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.60,0:09:42.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with her head on her elderly lady's knees.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.35,0:09:45.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The girl stayed quiet\Nthroughout the focus group,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.20,0:09:46.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not talking at all,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.55,0:09:48.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with her knees curled up\Nagainst her chest.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.24,0:09:50.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Towards the end of the focus group,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.92,0:09:54.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as I was thanking\Nthe mothers for their time,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.04,0:09:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the elderly lady looked at me\Nwhile pointing at the young girl,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.00,0:09:58.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and said to me,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.03,0:10:00.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Can you help us with...?"
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.44,0:10:02.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not quite sure what she expected me to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.75,0:10:04.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I looked at the young girl and smiled,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.58,0:10:05.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in Arabic I said,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.94,0:10:07.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Salaam Alaikum."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.25,0:10:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Arabic) "What's your name?"
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.98,0:10:12.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She looked at me really\Nconfused and unengaged,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.85,0:10:13.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but then said,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.71,0:10:14.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Halul."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.20,0:10:19.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Halul is the pet's name for\Nthe Arabic female name, Hala,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.58,0:10:22.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and is only really used to refer\Nto really young girls.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.69,0:10:27.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that point I realized that actually\NHala was probably much older than 13.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.03,0:10:32.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turns out Hala was a 25-year-old\Nmother to three young children.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.22,0:10:37.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hala had been a confident, bright,\Nbubbly, loving, caring mother
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.06,0:10:38.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to her children,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.49,0:10:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the war had changed all of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.31,0:10:45.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She had lived through bombs\Nbeing dropped in her town;
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.65,0:10:48.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she had lived through explosions.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.59,0:10:51.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When fighter jets were flying\Naround their building,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.04,0:10:52.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dropping bombs,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.04,0:10:53.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her children would be screaming,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.60,0:10:55.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,terrified from the noise.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.04,0:10:58.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hala would frantically grab pillows\Nand cover her children's ears
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.39,0:10:59.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to block out the noise,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.82,0:11:01.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the while screaming herself.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.24,0:11:03.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When they reached the refugee camp,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.90,0:11:07.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she knew they were finally\Nin some kind of safety,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.35,0:11:10.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she completely withdrew to acting\Nlike her old childhood self.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.28,0:11:14.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She completely rejected her family --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.84,0:11:16.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her children, her husband.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.41,0:11:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hala simply could no longer cope.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.79,0:11:23.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a parenting struggle\Nwith a really tough ending,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.71,0:11:25.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but sadly, it's not uncommon.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.66,0:11:28.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those who experience armed\Nconflict and displacement
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.54,0:11:31.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will face serious emotional stuggles.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.82,0:11:34.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's something we can all relate to.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.100,0:11:38.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you have been through\Na devastating time in your life,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.88,0:11:43.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you have lost someone or something\Nyou really care about,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.75,0:11:46.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how would you continue to cope?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.85,0:11:50.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could you still be able to care\Nfor yourself and for your family?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.61,0:11:55.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Given that the first years\Nof a child's life are crucial
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.03,0:11:58.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for healthy physical\Nand emotional development,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.30,0:12:03.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that 1.5 billion people\Nare experiencing armed conflict --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.18,0:12:05.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many of whom are now\Njoining our communities --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.95,0:12:07.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we cannot afford to turn a blind eye
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.89,0:12:11.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the needs of those who\Nare experiencing war and displacement.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.07,0:12:18.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We must prioritize these family needs\Nto those who are internally displaced,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.09,0:12:20.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and those are are refugees worldwide.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.32,0:12:26.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These needs must be prioritized\Nby NGO workers, policy makers,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.29,0:12:30.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the WHO, the UNHCR\Nand every single one of us
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.68,0:12:34.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in whatever capacity it is\Nthat we function in our society.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.90,0:12:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we begin to recognize\Nthe individual faces of the conflict,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.08,0:12:45.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we begin to notice those intricate\Nemotions on their faces,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.63,0:12:48.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we begin to see them as humans, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.26,0:12:51.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We begin to see the needs\Nof these families,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.08,0:12:53.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these are the real human needs.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.05,0:12:56.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When these family needs are prioritized,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.86,0:13:00.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interventions for children\Nin humanitarian settings
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.16,0:13:05.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will prioritize and recognize the primary\Nrole of the family in supporting children.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.94,0:13:08.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Family mental health will be\Nshouting loud and clear
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.71,0:13:10.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in global, international agenda.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.30,0:13:15.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And children will be less likely\Nto enter social service systems
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.01,0:13:16.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in resettlement countries
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.66,0:13:19.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because their families would\Nhave had support earlier on.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.67,0:13:23.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we will be more open-minded,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.47,0:13:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more welcoming,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.50,0:13:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more caring
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.50,0:13:28.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and more trusting to those who\Nare joining our communities.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.10,0:13:32.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to stop wars.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:33.02,0:13:37.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to build a world where children\Ncan dream of planes dropping gifts,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.62,0:13:39.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not bombs.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:39.61,0:13:43.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Until we stop armed conflicts\Nraging throughout the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.50,0:13:46.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,families will continue to be displaced,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.25,0:13:47.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leaving children vulnerable.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.30,0:13:51.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But by improving parenting\Nand caregiver support,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.46,0:13:56.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it may be possible to weaken the links\Nbetween war and psychological difficulties
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.54,0:13:58.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in children and their families.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.01,0:14:00.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.25,0:14:01.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)