1
00:00:00,195 --> 00:00:03,313
在人類的歷史中，我們的科技都建基於

2
00:00:03,313 --> 00:00:06,051
大腦、火、及武器

3
00:00:06,631 --> 00:00:10,102
火和武器都演變成發電廠和核武

4
00:00:10,102 --> 00:00:12,692
最大的轉變卻發生在我們的大腦

5
00:00:13,132 --> 00:00:17,619
自60年代起，電腦的運算能力以指數倍升

6
00:00:17,619 --> 00:00:21,794
令電腦體積更少，效率更高

7
00:00:22,524 --> 00:00:25,444
正因電腦部件縮小到接近原子的大小

8
00:00:25,834 --> 00:00:28,721
物理層面的障礙便不能忽視

9
00:00:29,391 --> 00:00:32,689
到底是甚麼障礙？我們先從基本的說起

10
00:00:39,666 --> 00:00:43,903
電腦是由靠執行簡單運算的部件構成

11
00:00:43,903 --> 00:00:48,474
用以儲存、執行和顯示資訊，並由相關元件操控

12
00:00:49,064 --> 00:00:50,678
電腦晶片由模組構成

13
00:00:50,678 --> 00:00:53,906
模組由邏輯閘構成，邏輯閘由電晶體構成

14
00:00:54,556 --> 00:00:58,459
電晶體是最基本的處理元件

15
00:00:58,459 --> 00:01:01,555
簡單來說，它就是一個按紐

16
00:01:01,555 --> 00:01:03,479
去阻截或容許資訊流通

17
00:01:03,939 --> 00:01:08,463
資訊的基本單位是位元，以0和1來表示

18
00:01:09,073 --> 00:01:12,982
不同數量的位元可以反映資訊的複雜程度

19
00:01:13,502 --> 00:01:18,025
把電晶體組合便構成邏輯閘去進行最基本的運算

20
00:01:18,025 --> 00:01:22,888
以AND閘為例，當兩個輸入值都是1的時候才會輸出1

21
00:01:22,888 --> 00:01:25,104
其他情況都是輸出0

22
00:01:25,664 --> 00:01:28,982
不同組合的邏輯閘構成有意義的模組

23
00:01:28,982 --> 00:01:31,066
例如加法的模組

24
00:01:31,446 --> 00:01:35,134
當你能做加法，就等於能做乘法。而當你能做乘法

25
00:01:35,134 --> 00:01:36,851
基本上甚麼也可以做

26
00:01:37,481 --> 00:01:41,038
因為所有運算都離不開一年級生的數學

27
00:01:41,038 --> 00:01:43,729
你可把電腦想像成一群正在

28
00:01:43,729 --> 00:01:46,038
回答簡單數學問題的七歲小學生

29
00:01:46,578 --> 00:01:50,717
只要數量足夠，不論是天文物理學還是電腦遊戲，都能夠計算出來

30
00:01:51,277 --> 00:01:53,617


31
00:01:53,617 --> 00:01:56,049


32
00:01:56,649 --> 00:01:59,805


33
00:02:00,105 --> 00:02:03,111


34
00:02:03,111 --> 00:02:07,818


35
00:02:08,408 --> 00:02:11,678


36
00:02:11,678 --> 00:02:15,481


37
00:02:15,481 --> 00:02:18,451


38
00:02:18,931 --> 00:02:22,497


39
00:02:22,497 --> 00:02:25,929


40
00:02:25,929 --> 00:02:28,173


41
00:02:28,643 --> 00:02:31,649


42
00:02:31,649 --> 00:02:33,358


43
00:02:33,358 --> 00:02:36,561


44
00:02:37,071 --> 00:02:40,935


45
00:02:41,655 --> 00:02:44,001


46
00:02:44,001 --> 00:02:47,016


47
00:02:47,016 --> 00:02:49,052


48
00:02:49,664 --> 00:02:53,141


49
00:02:53,611 --> 00:02:57,787


50
00:02:58,287 --> 00:03:00,613


51
00:03:00,613 --> 00:03:04,290


52
00:03:04,580 --> 00:03:07,518


53
00:03:07,518 --> 00:03:10,678


54
00:03:11,148 --> 00:03:14,524


55
00:03:14,524 --> 00:03:17,656


56
00:03:17,896 --> 00:03:19,905


57
00:03:20,355 --> 00:03:24,270


58
00:03:24,270 --> 00:03:28,664


59
00:03:29,234 --> 00:03:33,722


60
00:03:33,722 --> 00:03:36,953


61
00:03:37,623 --> 00:03:41,690


62
00:03:42,380 --> 00:03:44,537


63
00:03:45,267 --> 00:03:48,233


64
00:03:48,233 --> 00:03:50,040


65
00:03:50,422 --> 00:03:54,400


66
00:03:54,960 --> 00:03:57,016


67
00:03:57,016 --> 00:04:00,202


68
00:04:00,875 --> 00:04:04,020


69
00:04:04,530 --> 00:04:08,110


70
00:04:08,780 --> 00:04:11,680


71
00:04:11,680 --> 00:04:15,147


72
00:04:15,147 --> 00:04:17,968


73
00:04:17,968 --> 00:04:20,084


74
00:04:20,564 --> 00:04:23,254


75
00:04:23,254 --> 00:04:27,562


76
00:04:27,942 --> 00:04:30,718


77
00:04:31,118 --> 00:04:34,010


78
00:04:34,010 --> 00:04:36,133


79
00:04:36,654 --> 00:04:39,863


80
00:04:39,863 --> 00:04:44,780


81
00:04:45,430 --> 00:04:49,965


82
00:04:49,965 --> 00:04:53,171


83
00:04:53,171 --> 00:04:57,501


84
00:04:57,991 --> 00:05:00,996


85
00:05:00,996 --> 00:05:04,138


86
00:05:04,728 --> 00:05:06,895


87
00:05:06,895 --> 00:05:09,466


88
00:05:09,466 --> 00:05:11,697


89
00:05:12,717 --> 00:05:15,886


90
00:05:15,886 --> 00:05:17,888


91
00:05:17,888 --> 00:05:20,427


92
00:05:21,747 --> 00:05:25,463


93
00:05:25,463 --> 00:05:28,201


94
00:05:28,771 --> 00:05:30,457


95
00:05:30,817 --> 00:05:32,264


96
00:05:32,264 --> 00:05:35,479


97
00:05:36,019 --> 00:05:38,812


98
00:05:38,812 --> 00:05:41,934


99
00:05:42,761 --> 00:05:46,595


100
00:05:47,235 --> 00:05:49,746


101
00:05:49,746 --> 00:05:53,193


102
00:05:53,193 --> 00:05:56,587


103
00:05:57,057 --> 00:05:59,889


104
00:05:59,889 --> 00:06:02,014


105
00:06:02,544 --> 00:06:05,520


106
00:06:05,520 --> 00:06:07,690


107
00:06:08,110 --> 00:06:10,520


108
00:06:10,520 --> 00:06:11,906


109
00:06:12,636 --> 00:06:15,345


110
00:06:15,795 --> 00:06:18,897


111
00:06:18,897 --> 00:06:22,062


112
00:06:22,062 --> 00:06:23,954


113
00:06:24,504 --> 00:06:28,254


114
00:06:29,004 --> 00:06:31,888


115
00:06:31,888 --> 00:06:33,783


116
00:06:34,403 --> 00:06:36,878


117
00:06:36,878 --> 00:06:40,680


118
00:06:41,090 --> 00:06:43,733


119
00:06:43,733 --> 00:06:45,863


120
00:06:47,563 --> 00:06:50,625


121
00:06:50,625 --> 00:06:53,525


122
00:06:54,425 --> 00:06:56,595


123
00:06:56,595 --> 00:06:58,567


124
00:06:58,911 --> 00:07:01,917


125
00:07:02,387 --> 00:07:06,070


126
00:07:06,630 --> 00:07:10,796


127
00:07:10,796 --> 00:07:12,361