WEBVTT 00:00:06.452 --> 00:00:09.512 Well, can you hear me? 00:00:09.512 --> 00:00:11.094 (Audience) Yes. 00:00:11.094 --> 00:00:14.714 Why do they ask me to come and speak behind this guy? 00:00:14.714 --> 00:00:16.135 (Laughter) 00:00:16.861 --> 00:00:20.153 This is absolutely incredible, absolutely. 00:00:21.052 --> 00:00:27.163 But I'm happy to be here and to join you and to share with you 00:00:28.750 --> 00:00:30.891 some of my experiences. 00:00:32.181 --> 00:00:38.067 I first want to say that my wife has joined me here, 00:00:39.087 --> 00:00:41.894 Kate LaFayette, okay? 00:00:41.894 --> 00:00:43.278 (Applause) 00:00:45.869 --> 00:00:47.404 She's part of history; 00:00:47.404 --> 00:00:53.724 she was one of those who were from Tuskegee, Alabama, Macon County, 00:00:53.724 --> 00:00:58.696 and she was part of the first group of college students there 00:00:58.696 --> 00:01:03.537 who was the test case for voter registration, 00:01:03.827 --> 00:01:06.395 back in the early days there. 00:01:07.295 --> 00:01:09.630 So she's done some very incredible things. 00:01:09.630 --> 00:01:12.361 She knew George Washington Carver - 00:01:12.361 --> 00:01:13.373 okay? - 00:01:13.373 --> 00:01:15.867 when she was a little girl, growing up. 00:01:16.787 --> 00:01:21.865 He taught her mother how to take care of the plants 00:01:21.865 --> 00:01:23.335 and that sort of thing. 00:01:23.335 --> 00:01:29.770 So she's a part of a very, you know, unique history in our country, there, 00:01:30.500 --> 00:01:32.130 from Tuskegee. 00:01:32.130 --> 00:01:38.441 But more importantly, for me, that's why I know that God loves me. 00:01:39.728 --> 00:01:41.503 I've been reassured 00:01:41.743 --> 00:01:45.818 because he gave me an angel to guide me through 00:01:45.818 --> 00:01:49.578 so I'd know what heaven was like before I get there. 00:01:50.559 --> 00:01:52.576 That's my wife, Kate LaFayette. 00:01:52.576 --> 00:01:53.998 (Applause) 00:01:57.006 --> 00:01:59.287 And she lets me have ice cream every night. 00:01:59.287 --> 00:02:00.961 (Laughter) 00:02:06.595 --> 00:02:10.264 Well, I want to share with you 00:02:10.264 --> 00:02:16.286 some of the concepts and the philosophy related to nonviolence, 00:02:17.027 --> 00:02:21.023 and I just thought that what we've done so far here that I've experienced 00:02:21.023 --> 00:02:26.988 is so apropos to what I'm going to share with you this evening 00:02:28.832 --> 00:02:30.751 because you're right on it. 00:02:30.751 --> 00:02:32.896 There's no question about it. 00:02:32.896 --> 00:02:38.579 You're right on it, and I'm so proud to be associated with Emory University 00:02:38.579 --> 00:02:43.107 when I see what you're doing as young people and students here. 00:02:43.107 --> 00:02:46.464 Makes me very proud. I can tell you that. 00:02:47.385 --> 00:02:49.072 Nonviolence 00:02:50.432 --> 00:02:55.449 is old as the history of mankind, 00:02:57.174 --> 00:03:03.092 and yet it's a foreign term to many people. 00:03:05.878 --> 00:03:10.745 My first exposure to this concept 00:03:11.175 --> 00:03:14.133 did not bear the name "nonviolence." 00:03:15.607 --> 00:03:21.688 It basically described what love was all about. 00:03:23.393 --> 00:03:27.140 And we've heard this many times in growing up, 00:03:27.140 --> 00:03:29.142 you know, how important it is to love, 00:03:29.142 --> 00:03:33.550 and there are many different loves, of course, and the Greeks have five. 00:03:34.320 --> 00:03:37.851 We talk about love - 00:03:39.191 --> 00:03:42.846 in the nonviolent context, we separate it. 00:03:43.356 --> 00:03:44.837 The eros, 00:03:45.267 --> 00:03:48.589 which is mainly the love 00:03:48.589 --> 00:03:52.562 for the, you know, spiritual realm of life 00:03:52.562 --> 00:03:55.723 but that has come to be 00:03:56.203 --> 00:04:02.535 the love between those who have affectionate relationships, 00:04:03.715 --> 00:04:05.273 more intimate. 00:04:06.593 --> 00:04:08.163 And then, of course, 00:04:08.163 --> 00:04:14.114 there's philos or philia, 00:04:14.114 --> 00:04:15.948 which has to do with relationship 00:04:15.948 --> 00:04:18.866 between brothers and brothers and sisters and sisters 00:04:18.866 --> 00:04:23.044 and more fraternal - that's the basis of our fraternities, 00:04:23.684 --> 00:04:27.651 the philos, philia. 00:04:28.691 --> 00:04:32.672 But nonviolence is based on agape, 00:04:34.692 --> 00:04:36.939 the Greek definition of love 00:04:36.939 --> 00:04:43.296 which means that you love, expecting nothing in return. 00:04:45.756 --> 00:04:48.402 It's a love that's not reciprocal; 00:04:48.402 --> 00:04:52.673 it's not the basis of an exchange, equal exchange, 00:04:53.383 --> 00:04:56.207 but it's a love that goes beyond 00:04:58.567 --> 00:05:04.438 the particular kind of rewards 00:05:04.438 --> 00:05:07.734 that one would get from each other. 00:05:07.734 --> 00:05:09.807 You love me, I love you. 00:05:09.807 --> 00:05:11.728 You don't love me, then I don't love you. 00:05:11.728 --> 00:05:12.858 No. 00:05:13.158 --> 00:05:17.782 This agape has to do with something 00:05:17.782 --> 00:05:21.116 that's much more powerful; 00:05:21.956 --> 00:05:26.327 and in fact, it's regenerated 00:05:26.327 --> 00:05:32.208 based on the ability to give, 00:05:33.128 --> 00:05:39.646 that you give only to gain, but you gain more to give, 00:05:40.386 --> 00:05:45.007 but it's not reciprocal in the sense that you gain from those that you give to 00:05:45.527 --> 00:05:50.426 but rather within itself becomes self-generative. 00:05:51.371 --> 00:05:57.898 So the concept, then, of nonviolence is based on this type of love. 00:06:00.043 --> 00:06:02.351 And I came to experiment with this 00:06:02.351 --> 00:06:04.974 in the context of the movement for social change 00:06:04.974 --> 00:06:08.440 when I was in Nashville, Tennessee, as a student. 00:06:08.830 --> 00:06:12.350 I got involved in the student sit-in movement, 00:06:13.200 --> 00:06:17.587 and I started to learn about this concept of nonviolence 00:06:17.587 --> 00:06:20.655 from James Lawson Jr., 00:06:20.655 --> 00:06:25.782 who was a Methodist seminary student at Vanderbilt, 00:06:25.782 --> 00:06:28.128 worked for the Fellowship of Reconciliation, 00:06:28.128 --> 00:06:31.956 and he started these trainings there in Nashville, among us. 00:06:31.956 --> 00:06:35.774 There were people like our congressman here. 00:06:35.774 --> 00:06:39.293 John Lewis was involved in those workshops, 00:06:39.293 --> 00:06:40.679 and Diane Nash, 00:06:40.679 --> 00:06:42.936 who some of you have been exposed to 00:06:42.936 --> 00:06:46.894 since she's been involved in the Freedom Rides and that sort of thing, 00:06:46.894 --> 00:06:48.879 and many others - 00:06:48.879 --> 00:06:50.838 Reverend C.T. Vivian, 00:06:50.838 --> 00:06:54.358 who was an icon in the movement as well. 00:06:55.068 --> 00:06:58.562 There are a number of Freedom Riders who live here in Atlanta. 00:06:58.562 --> 00:07:02.709 We were involved in this real important experiment: 00:07:02.709 --> 00:07:07.533 How do we change these segregated conditions? 00:07:09.513 --> 00:07:15.797 And is it possible to change these conditions 00:07:16.100 --> 00:07:18.786 without using revolutionary methods, 00:07:19.466 --> 00:07:21.939 without using force and arms? 00:07:23.838 --> 00:07:30.012 Is there another power that's not destructive, 00:07:30.541 --> 00:07:37.316 but a power that's constructive, reconciliatiory, transformative? 00:07:38.984 --> 00:07:42.229 We became really fascinated by this idea. 00:07:42.229 --> 00:07:44.038 Mahatma Gandhi - 00:07:44.038 --> 00:07:46.587 we were exposed to Mahatma Gandhi. 00:07:46.587 --> 00:07:47.774 This little man - 00:07:47.774 --> 00:07:50.994 dressed in this little, skimpy outfit - 00:07:52.534 --> 00:07:57.053 had the power to change England. 00:07:57.803 --> 00:07:58.941 My goodness. 00:07:58.941 --> 00:08:03.122 But first he had to change the people in India. 00:08:03.122 --> 00:08:08.312 But as an experiment, actually started in South Africa. 00:08:08.312 --> 00:08:12.494 That's where he was, in South Africa, in Durban. 00:08:12.964 --> 00:08:18.739 And this little Indian fellow - okay? - Mahatma Gandhi, 00:08:18.739 --> 00:08:25.346 decided to experiment with this notion, satyagraha, 00:08:25.636 --> 00:08:28.439 and he started that experiment. 00:08:28.439 --> 00:08:33.905 We call it an African roots with, 00:08:36.664 --> 00:08:40.378 you might say, Indian and American fruit, 00:08:41.298 --> 00:08:44.236 but it's really global, around the world. 00:08:44.746 --> 00:08:49.781 So here we find this concept of nonviolence, 00:08:50.681 --> 00:08:54.316 the one that's the noun rather than the adjective. 00:08:54.316 --> 00:08:57.113 Not the one with the hyphen. 00:08:58.040 --> 00:09:01.540 The one with the hyphen could be "without violence," 00:09:01.610 --> 00:09:07.315 but the concept of nonviolence as a noun 00:09:07.315 --> 00:09:09.190 is a name of a philosophy, 00:09:09.190 --> 00:09:11.325 a name of a way of life, 00:09:12.445 --> 00:09:15.262 a name of a system of thought. 00:09:16.242 --> 00:09:21.779 And here, we find this Indian man 00:09:22.348 --> 00:09:24.945 was able to embrace this concept 00:09:24.945 --> 00:09:26.770 and be able to demonstrate it 00:09:26.770 --> 00:09:31.489 in such a way that people began to find new ways and new tools 00:09:31.799 --> 00:09:33.853 to struggle for social change. 00:09:34.723 --> 00:09:37.710 But it had to start from within. 00:09:38.220 --> 00:09:39.439 Yes. 00:09:39.522 --> 00:09:41.691 It had to start from within. 00:09:42.496 --> 00:09:44.926 The overcoming that we sang in the movement 00:09:44.926 --> 00:09:51.104 starts with overcoming our own inability to control our emotions. 00:09:52.572 --> 00:09:53.656 Yes. 00:09:54.035 --> 00:09:57.829 Because if we can control our own emotions, 00:09:57.829 --> 00:10:01.438 then it means that we can control situations. 00:10:03.452 --> 00:10:08.671 Most of the violence that occur, we think of physical violence, 00:10:08.671 --> 00:10:11.803 but I would say if there was a survey done, 00:10:12.563 --> 00:10:16.194 the massive amount of violence is not physical, 00:10:16.194 --> 00:10:18.842 but it's how people treat each other. 00:10:19.973 --> 00:10:23.140 Unfortunately, there are some people who did have a family reunion, 00:10:23.140 --> 00:10:24.527 one time, 00:10:24.527 --> 00:10:28.965 and then they decided that "We can't have any more family reunions. 00:10:29.396 --> 00:10:33.020 Let's just text each other." 00:10:33.020 --> 00:10:34.528 (Laughter) 00:10:34.528 --> 00:10:39.258 "You know, call each other up on the phone or something like that." 00:10:39.258 --> 00:10:41.302 But they won't come together 00:10:41.302 --> 00:10:46.208 because of the relationships and perceptions that people have. 00:10:47.580 --> 00:10:50.289 So this is an important kind of experiment 00:10:50.289 --> 00:10:53.490 because not only does it deal with countries 00:10:54.045 --> 00:10:57.400 or either factions or groups within countries, 00:10:58.090 --> 00:10:59.422 yes, 00:11:00.822 --> 00:11:04.534 because of ethnic reasons and because of so-called racial, 00:11:04.534 --> 00:11:07.078 and I want to clarify this right now. 00:11:08.408 --> 00:11:14.310 The basic problem that we have in relationship to people many times, NOTE Paragraph 00:11:14.310 --> 00:11:17.529 we call it racism 00:11:17.529 --> 00:11:21.268 and we call it racial conflict, 00:11:22.418 --> 00:11:24.456 racial oppression. 00:11:25.503 --> 00:11:27.293 Well, you see, actually, 00:11:27.488 --> 00:11:33.775 the racial part is just a symptom of a deeper problem. 00:11:36.956 --> 00:11:42.882 The racism is really based on what Dr. Chester Pierce, 00:11:42.882 --> 00:11:45.975 a former professor at Harvard University's School of Education, 00:11:45.975 --> 00:11:48.328 called "childism." 00:11:50.189 --> 00:11:54.981 Childism is much more pervasive and universal 00:11:54.981 --> 00:11:58.573 than any other kind of ism. 00:12:01.196 --> 00:12:04.096 So that is a basis of all the other: 00:12:04.096 --> 00:12:09.621 ageism, sexism, okay, we call it racism 00:12:09.621 --> 00:12:12.787 or all kind of other isms like that. 00:12:16.153 --> 00:12:18.464 It's like, for example, 00:12:18.814 --> 00:12:23.816 you would not give a child a $20 bill, a four-year-old, 00:12:23.816 --> 00:12:26.630 even though you want to make a contribution, make him happy, 00:12:26.630 --> 00:12:28.854 and then take the $20 bill, 00:12:28.854 --> 00:12:32.056 what do they do with that bill, that money? 00:12:32.056 --> 00:12:35.011 They turn around and give it to their parents 00:12:35.011 --> 00:12:37.250 because, after all, they're children 00:12:37.560 --> 00:12:40.557 and you would expect them to be responsible 00:12:40.557 --> 00:12:43.000 and to use it responsibly. 00:12:43.430 --> 00:12:45.478 So childism. 00:12:46.298 --> 00:12:52.450 Nigeria produces about one-fourth of the oil for the United States, 00:12:53.430 --> 00:12:59.010 but you wouldn't expect them to be able to have a refinery 00:12:59.672 --> 00:13:02.481 over there, in Africa. 00:13:03.440 --> 00:13:06.439 No, we'd have to bring the oil here, 00:13:06.439 --> 00:13:10.171 we'll refine it, and then we'll sell it back to them. 00:13:10.960 --> 00:13:13.297 Childism. 00:13:13.387 --> 00:13:17.076 That has nothing to do with race. No. 00:13:17.076 --> 00:13:21.848 Race becomes a convenient line of demarcation 00:13:22.498 --> 00:13:26.561 so we can decide who we're going to exploit. 00:13:30.063 --> 00:13:35.018 Yes, there's some women who are hired, and people don't even know they're women. 00:13:36.028 --> 00:13:37.731 Thought they hired a man. 00:13:38.601 --> 00:13:41.708 Uh huh. Yeah. 00:13:41.708 --> 00:13:43.169 That's what I'm talking about. 00:13:43.169 --> 00:13:44.265 And by the way, 00:13:44.265 --> 00:13:47.771 there's some blacks who are hired, and they think they're black, 00:13:47.771 --> 00:13:52.562 but we know them, we can look at them and tell, okay? 00:13:53.474 --> 00:13:54.884 Yeah. 00:13:54.884 --> 00:13:56.056 In Louisiana, one time, 00:13:56.056 --> 00:14:01.813 they had about 2,000 black people move North and became white. 00:14:03.285 --> 00:14:05.489 It had nothing to do with race; 00:14:05.489 --> 00:14:08.275 it's trying to identify a color. 00:14:08.735 --> 00:14:11.737 And see, if you put race on the base of color, 00:14:11.737 --> 00:14:14.253 you'll mess up every time. 00:14:15.427 --> 00:14:18.234 Yeah. It happened in Nashville. 00:14:18.234 --> 00:14:21.111 We were demonstrating at the movie theater, 00:14:21.111 --> 00:14:24.907 and we had this situation where 20 of us would go to a theater, 00:14:24.907 --> 00:14:26.306 and we would stand outside - 00:14:26.306 --> 00:14:29.272 you couldn't go inside and buy a ticket, had to stand outside - 00:14:29.272 --> 00:14:31.259 and we would go round and round, 00:14:31.259 --> 00:14:35.280 and then we would try to get a ticket. 00:14:35.960 --> 00:14:38.000 And we were refused. 00:14:38.440 --> 00:14:41.566 This woman got out of the car, her husband went to park the car, 00:14:41.566 --> 00:14:43.912 she got up there, she was trying to get a ticket, 00:14:43.912 --> 00:14:45.833 and they wouldn't sell her a ticket. 00:14:45.833 --> 00:14:49.387 We knew she was white, but she had a deep suntan. 00:14:53.563 --> 00:14:55.294 And she could not buy a ticket. 00:14:55.294 --> 00:14:57.335 That had nothing to do with race, 00:14:58.055 --> 00:15:01.082 that had to do with the color line 00:15:01.082 --> 00:15:05.188 in trying to figure out, okay, who they're going to exploit. 00:15:05.601 --> 00:15:07.510 Moving on very quickly, 00:15:07.790 --> 00:15:11.365 I want to share with you an example of nonviolence. 00:15:11.845 --> 00:15:14.692 I was parking my car one night in Selma, Alabama, 00:15:16.342 --> 00:15:18.705 the same night that Medgar Evers was killed. 00:15:18.705 --> 00:15:22.379 Medgar Evers was state president of the NAACP, 00:15:22.889 --> 00:15:28.431 and when these people came on to me, who had a car parked across the street, 00:15:28.431 --> 00:15:31.527 the hood was up, so I assumed they had car trouble, two white men. 00:15:31.527 --> 00:15:34.089 They came in; one of them walked up to where I was, 00:15:34.089 --> 00:15:37.125 and I knew that that was it for me. 00:15:37.125 --> 00:15:40.505 So I turn around because we're trained to face our opponents 00:15:41.195 --> 00:15:43.242 or potential assailants. 00:15:44.122 --> 00:15:46.120 And he said, "Buddy, 00:15:46.120 --> 00:15:48.673 how much you charge me to give me a push?" 00:15:48.673 --> 00:15:50.205 I was glad that's all he wanted. 00:15:50.205 --> 00:15:52.760 I said a push, no problem - I'll give you a push. 00:15:52.760 --> 00:15:54.812 I jumped in my car - had a '48 Chevrolet - 00:15:54.812 --> 00:15:57.495 and I drove it behind him to match the bumpers. 00:15:57.495 --> 00:15:59.482 He stood down, out there, 00:15:59.482 --> 00:16:03.285 and then he finally got down on his knees, looking to see if the bumpers matched. 00:16:03.285 --> 00:16:05.481 Then he finally told me, said, 00:16:05.481 --> 00:16:09.115 "You know, you better come out and take a look." 00:16:09.334 --> 00:16:11.434 And when I got out there and bent down - 00:16:11.434 --> 00:16:15.064 because it was late at night, I was trying to hurry up and get this push over 00:16:15.064 --> 00:16:16.835 so I can get back to bed - 00:16:16.835 --> 00:16:18.842 and he boom! 00:16:19.422 --> 00:16:22.030 I went straight down to the ground. 00:16:22.560 --> 00:16:25.822 I got up; I knew it was a trick then. 00:16:25.822 --> 00:16:28.032 I stood up and faced him. 00:16:28.032 --> 00:16:29.126 He was huge, 00:16:29.126 --> 00:16:33.641 had a crew cut haircut, sleeves rolled up. 00:16:34.831 --> 00:16:38.975 And then he hit me again, right on the top of my head. 00:16:39.523 --> 00:16:41.829 I fell to the ground, rolled over in the streets, 00:16:41.829 --> 00:16:43.257 got back up again. 00:16:43.257 --> 00:16:45.800 I was only weighing 136 pounds. 00:16:46.550 --> 00:16:47.879 I looked at him again. 00:16:47.879 --> 00:16:50.809 I could hardly see him because the blood was all over my face. 00:16:50.809 --> 00:16:54.437 I could look through my eyelashes and I could see him. 00:16:55.252 --> 00:16:57.067 Then he hit me again. 00:16:57.067 --> 00:16:58.919 Rolled over, got back up. 00:16:58.919 --> 00:17:00.508 Struggle. 00:17:02.584 --> 00:17:04.185 Looked at him. 00:17:04.185 --> 00:17:05.195 The theory is 00:17:05.195 --> 00:17:07.140 unusual but genuine behavior 00:17:07.140 --> 00:17:11.686 has the potential to arrest the conscience of your assailant. 00:17:12.077 --> 00:17:14.469 Unusual but genuine behavior. 00:17:15.652 --> 00:17:20.273 What was I thinking about when I stood up and looked at him 00:17:20.273 --> 00:17:22.223 and maintained self-discipline? 00:17:22.223 --> 00:17:25.442 I was thinking about the fact that here he was - 00:17:25.442 --> 00:17:27.229 I don't know what his profession was, 00:17:27.229 --> 00:17:31.397 but probably he didn't have a lot of things in life, all right? 00:17:31.967 --> 00:17:33.357 So I thought about the fact - 00:17:33.357 --> 00:17:34.867 and you have to be preoccupied; 00:17:34.867 --> 00:17:37.959 you can't be black-minded when you practice nonviolence. 00:17:37.959 --> 00:17:40.439 You've got to be active-minded; you've got to fight, 00:17:40.439 --> 00:17:42.771 and what you're fighting - okay? - on the inside. 00:17:42.771 --> 00:17:44.124 You see my point? 00:17:44.124 --> 00:17:47.142 Yeah, maintaining your own discipline. 00:17:48.632 --> 00:17:50.193 Fighting fear. 00:17:50.193 --> 00:17:52.122 Yeah, that's one thing you had to fight. 00:17:52.122 --> 00:17:54.595 When someone attacks you, you've got to fight fear. 00:17:57.765 --> 00:17:59.860 I was thinking about this: 00:18:00.884 --> 00:18:03.630 if I had grown up white in his community, 00:18:03.630 --> 00:18:07.629 had his parents, had his minister, had his relatives, 00:18:07.629 --> 00:18:10.724 had his, had his, had his, 00:18:10.724 --> 00:18:15.597 why, I would have behaved probably the same way as he did. 00:18:16.187 --> 00:18:17.434 It's an accident. 00:18:17.434 --> 00:18:20.167 You didn't choose what race you were going to be born in - 00:18:20.167 --> 00:18:21.189 so-called race. 00:18:21.189 --> 00:18:23.324 You didn't choose what ethnicity you all had. 00:18:23.324 --> 00:18:24.774 You didn't make those choices. 00:18:24.774 --> 00:18:27.006 Here you showed up on earth, 00:18:27.006 --> 00:18:29.616 and by the way, we're not born in cities and countries, 00:18:29.616 --> 00:18:31.623 we're born on a planet, 00:18:31.623 --> 00:18:34.940 and we share it with the folks right now that we are with, 00:18:34.940 --> 00:18:37.060 but it won't be long. 00:18:37.060 --> 00:18:39.019 We're just here for a season. 00:18:39.529 --> 00:18:44.403 But what I was thinking about - as I close, end is now, close time - 00:18:46.993 --> 00:18:49.377 a song that I heard in Nashville 00:18:49.847 --> 00:18:54.325 when I couldn't find a good station on the radio. 00:18:54.895 --> 00:18:58.604 I decided - I just kept hearing those hillbilly songs - 00:18:58.604 --> 00:19:02.465 yow, yow, ang, yang, yang, yang, yaw. 00:19:03.525 --> 00:19:06.534 In Nashville, now, 96 stations - 00:19:06.534 --> 00:19:10.131 and I say, "Well, I don't know; I'm just going to turn that thing off." 00:19:10.131 --> 00:19:12.366 Then I thought about it, "No, no. I need to -" 00:19:12.366 --> 00:19:16.013 I was hearing the music, but I was not listening. 00:19:16.533 --> 00:19:19.591 That's the key to nonviolence: listening. 00:19:20.101 --> 00:19:21.627 So I turned the station on, 00:19:21.627 --> 00:19:25.992 and the first one I got, so I close, 00:19:25.992 --> 00:19:27.163 here's what I heard, 00:19:27.163 --> 00:19:29.158 here's what I think about all of the time 00:19:29.158 --> 00:19:33.762 when I look at how, sometimes, some white folks behaved towards blacks, 00:19:34.422 --> 00:19:36.617 and you know what I discovered? 00:19:36.617 --> 00:19:39.448 You ought to see how they behave to each other. 00:19:39.788 --> 00:19:44.499 People accuse folks of behaving a certain way because they're black. 00:19:44.499 --> 00:19:46.729 Uh uh. Not all the time. 00:19:46.729 --> 00:19:48.957 You ought to see how they treat each other. 00:19:49.217 --> 00:19:50.958 And I heard this song: 00:19:50.958 --> 00:19:55.188 (Singing with a twang) "She was poor, but she was honest. 00:19:55.188 --> 00:19:58.995 Victim of a rich man's pride. 00:19:58.995 --> 00:20:01.946 When she met that Christian gentleman, 00:20:01.946 --> 00:20:03.041 Big Jim Folsom, 00:20:03.041 --> 00:20:06.791 and she had a child by him. 00:20:07.011 --> 00:20:10.920 It's the rich who gets the glory. 00:20:10.920 --> 00:20:14.750 It's the poor who gets the blame. 00:20:14.750 --> 00:20:18.903 It's the same the whole world over. 00:20:18.903 --> 00:20:22.835 Now ain't that a dirty, cryin' shame? 00:20:22.835 --> 00:20:26.383 Now he sits in the legislature, 00:20:26.743 --> 00:20:30.641 making laws for all mankind 00:20:30.641 --> 00:20:34.998 while she roams the streets of Carmen, Alabama, 00:20:34.998 --> 00:20:38.988 selling grapes from her grape vine. 00:20:38.988 --> 00:20:43.444 It's the rich who gets the glory. 00:20:43.444 --> 00:20:48.004 It's the poor who gets the blame. 00:20:48.004 --> 00:20:53.072 It's the same the whole world over. 00:20:53.072 --> 00:20:58.139 Now ain't that a dirty, cryin' shame?" 00:20:58.446 --> 00:21:00.345 (Applause) 00:21:14.221 --> 00:21:15.670 Thank you.