[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.83,0:00:09.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If someone asked you\Nwho the richest people in history were,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.88,0:00:11.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who would you name?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.45,0:00:13.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Perhaps a billionaire banker\Nor corporate mogul,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.83,0:00:16.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like Bill Gates or John D. Rockefeller.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.73,0:00:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How about African King Musa Keita I?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.64,0:00:24.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ruling the Mali Empire \Nin the 14th century CE,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.10,0:00:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mansa Musa, or the King of Kings,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.72,0:00:29.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,amassed a fortune that possibly made him
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.41,0:00:33.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the wealthiest \Npeople who ever lived.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.10,0:00:37.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But his vast wealth was only\None piece of his rich legacy.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.44,0:00:40.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When Mansa Musa came to power in 1312,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.67,0:00:44.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,much of Europe was racked \Nby famine and civil wars.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.44,0:00:48.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But many African kingdoms\Nand the Islamic world were flourishing,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.52,0:00:52.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Mansa Musa played a great role\Nin bringing the fruits of this flourishing
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.53,0:00:54.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to his own realm.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.68,0:00:57.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By strategically annexing \Nthe city of Timbuktu,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.54,0:01:00.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and reestablishing power \Nover the city of Gao,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.82,0:01:03.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he gained control \Nover important trade routes
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.54,0:01:07.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between the Mediterranean \Nand the West African Coast,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.07,0:01:12.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,continuing a period of expansion,\Nwhich dramatically increased Mali's size.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.21,0:01:16.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The territory of the Mali Empire\Nwas rich in natural resources,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.23,0:01:18.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as gold and salt.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.36,0:01:22.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The world first witnessed the extent\Nof Mansa Musa's wealth in 1324
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.86,0:01:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he took his pilgrimage to Mecca.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.52,0:01:27.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not one to travel on a budget,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.38,0:01:31.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he brought a caravan stretching\Nas far as the eye could see.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.17,0:01:34.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Accounts of this journey are mostly\Nbased on an oral testimony
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.95,0:01:36.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and differing written records,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.65,0:01:40.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's difficult to determine\Nthe exact details.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.22,0:01:44.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what most agree on is the extravagant\Nscale of the excursion.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.75,0:01:48.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chroniclers describe an entourage \Nof tens of thousands of soldiers,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.66,0:01:49.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,civilians,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.88,0:01:51.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and slaves,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.07,0:01:55.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,500 heralds bearing gold staffs\Nand dressed in fine silks,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.11,0:02:00.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and many camels and horses\Nbearing an abundance of gold bars.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.04,0:02:02.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stopping in cities such as Cairo,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.06,0:02:05.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mansa Musa is said to have spent\Nmassive quantities of gold,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.52,0:02:08.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,giving to the poor, buying souvenirs,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.19,0:02:11.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even having mosques \Nbuilt along the way.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.40,0:02:15.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, his spending may have \Ndestabilized the regional economy,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.46,0:02:18.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,causing mass inflation.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.15,0:02:22.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This journey reportedly took over a year,\Nand by the time Mansa Musa returned,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.66,0:02:27.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tales of his amazing wealth had spread\Nto the ports of the Mediterranean.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.58,0:02:31.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mali and its king were elevated\Nto near legendary status,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.28,0:02:36.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cemented by their inclusion \Non the 1375 Catalan Atlas.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.31,0:02:39.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the most important world maps\Nof Medieval Europe,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.86,0:02:44.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it depicted the King holding a scepter\Nand a gleaming gold nugget.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.59,0:02:49.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mansa Musa had literally put his empire\Nand himself on the map.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.85,0:02:52.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But material riches weren't \Nthe king's only concern.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.96,0:02:56.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a devout Muslim, \Nhe took a particular interest in Timbuktu,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.78,0:03:01.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,already a center of religion \Nand learning prior to its annexation.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.86,0:03:03.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Upon returning from his pilgrimage,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.85,0:03:06.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he had the great \NDjinguereber Mosque built there
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.51,0:03:09.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the help of \Nan Andalusian architect.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.82,0:03:14.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He also established a major university,\Nfurther elevating the city's reputation,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.46,0:03:18.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and attracting scholars and students\Nfrom all over the Islamic world.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.94,0:03:22.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Under Mansa Musa,\Nthe Empire became urbanized,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.12,0:03:26.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with schools and mosques\Nin hundreds of densely populated towns.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.52,0:03:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The king's rich legacy \Npersisted for generations
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.32,0:03:33.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to this day, there are mausoleums,\Nlibraries and mosques
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.02,0:03:38.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that stand as a testament \Nto this golden age of Mali's history.