1 00:00:01,877 --> 00:00:05,620 Ebben a videóban a sejthártyáról fogok beszélni. 2 00:00:05,620 --> 00:00:07,526 Kezdjük egy kis emlékeztetővel a dolgot. 3 00:00:07,526 --> 00:00:12,790 Ez itt egy sejt, a közepén egy sejtmaggal. 4 00:00:12,790 --> 00:00:16,580 A sejthártya az a réteg, ami a sejtet kívülről borítja, 5 00:00:16,580 --> 00:00:22,479 és megvédi azt a környezeti behatásoktól. 6 00:00:22,479 --> 00:00:25,649 A sejthártya nélkül nem maradhatnánk életben, 7 00:00:25,649 --> 00:00:29,220 mivel nem lenne semmi, ami megvédene és elválasztana minket a külvilágtól. 8 00:00:29,220 --> 00:00:34,413 A következőkben a sejthártya három fő összetevőjét fogom bemutatni, 9 00:00:34,413 --> 00:00:39,247 a foszfolipideket, a koleszterint és a fehérjéket. 10 00:00:39,247 --> 00:00:40,930 Kezdjük is a foszfolipidekkel, 11 00:00:40,930 --> 00:00:46,491 amik a sejthártya jelentős részét teszik ki. 12 00:00:46,491 --> 00:00:47,960 Hogy ne menjen ezzel az idő, 13 00:00:47,960 --> 00:00:51,690 előre megrajzoltam ezt az ábrát a sejthártyáról. 14 00:00:51,690 --> 00:00:57,515 Ezek az apró alkotórészek mind foszfolipideket ábrázolnak, 15 00:00:57,515 --> 00:00:59,470 ezek a molekulák valahogy így néznek ki: 16 00:00:59,470 --> 00:01:03,970 Rendelkeznek egy poláris „fejjel”, ami legfőképp a foszfátcsoport miatt poláris, 17 00:01:03,970 --> 00:01:07,275 a másik végükön pedig két zsírsavlánc található. 18 00:01:07,275 --> 00:01:11,355 Jellemzően így ábrázoljuk a foszfolipideket. 19 00:01:11,355 --> 00:01:16,625 A sejthártyában ezek a foszfolipidek szoros rendben igazodnak egymáshoz, 20 00:01:16,625 --> 00:01:18,902 és ez a rend a membrán teljes egészén jellemző. 21 00:01:18,902 --> 00:01:22,063 Ez az ábra egy ilyen membránt keresztmetszetét ábrázolja, 22 00:01:22,063 --> 00:01:25,540 lényegében egy félbevágott membránt nézünk oldalról. 23 00:01:25,540 --> 00:01:27,250 24 00:01:27,250 --> 00:01:30,350 25 00:01:30,350 --> 00:01:35,189 26 00:01:35,189 --> 00:01:37,230 27 00:01:37,230 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