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Bonjour tout le monde,
bienvenu dans ma chaîne Langfocus
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Mon nom c'est Paul.
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Le sujet d'aujourd'hui c'est :
la mort de la langue
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Normalement dans cette chaîne,
quand je parle dune langue
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c'est généralement une langue vivante
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une langue qui est encore
parlée aujourd'hui par les natifs
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et qui continue de grandir et d'évoluer.
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Mais il y a aussi des langues mortes
et des langue éteintes
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Les langues sont considérées comme mortes
quand ils n'ont plus de natifs,
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même si elles continuent d'être utilisées
d'une certaine manière.
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Le latin est mort par exemple,
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mais continue d'être utilisé
pour des fins religieuses
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et dans certains cas administratifs
au Vatican.
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Certaines personnes peuvent le parler,
mais non pas comme des natives,
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et ce n'est pas transmis
en tant que langue maternelle.
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Un autre exemple est le Hebrew,
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qui était une langue morte
avant son arrivée
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sous forme de Hebrew moderne.
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Personne n'en parle nativement
pour une longue période
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mais il continu d'être utilisé
pour des fins religieuses
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et comme une langue littéraire écrite.
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A l'opposé, les langues sont considérées
comme éteintes
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quand aucune personne vivante n'en parle.
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Par exemple,
si le dernier parlant qui reste
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d'une langue Américaine Native, meurt
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et personne ne l'a apprise
comme langue seconde
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alors cette langue devient éteinte.
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Ainsi, les langues anciennes,
telles que le Sumérien, sont éteintes.
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Certains peuvent être capable de lire
d'anciens textes de cette langue,
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mais personne n'en utilise réellement
de nos jours
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Les langues deviennent mortes ou éteintes
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par conséquent
de la mort de la langue
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Les types de la mort d'une langue.
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Les langues ne meurent pas toujours
de la même manière.
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Il y a des types variés
de la mort d'une langue
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La manière la plus répandue
dont disparaissent les langues
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est à travers
une mort graduelle.
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Cela se produit quand
ceux qui parlent une langue
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se mettent en contact avec une langue
de haut niveau:
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une langue d'un groupe de personnes
plus puissantes.
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Cette communauté peut demeurer bilingue
pour une longue période.
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Mais avec chaque génération successive,
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peu de jeunes gens
parlent leur langue traditionnelle
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avec un niveau bas de maîtrise,
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ils optent plutôt
pour la langue de prestige
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