- [Instructor] What we're
going to do in this video

is learn how to use a graphing calculator,

in particular a TI84.

If you're using any other TI
Texas Instrument calculator

it'll be very similar in
order to answer some questions

dealing with geometric random variables.

So, here we have a scenario.

I keep picking cards from a standard deck

until I get a king.

So this is a class geometric
random variable here

and it's important that
in this parentheses

it says I replace the cards
if they are not a king

and this important as we
talk about on other videos

because the probability of
success each time can't change.

And so we could define
some random variable X

this is a geometric random
variable as being equal to

the number of picks until we get a king.

When we replace the cards
if they are not a king.

And for this geometric random variable,

what's the probability
of success on each trial?

Remember what are the
conditions for a geometric

random variable is that
probability of success

does not change on each trial.

Well the probability of
success is going to be equal to

there's four kings in a
standard deck of 52, this is

the same thing as one over 13.

So this first question is
what is the probability that

I need to pick five cards?

Well this would be the
probability that our geometric

random variable X is equal to
five and you could actually

figure this out by hand,
but the whole point here

is to think about how to
use a calculator and there's

a function called geometpdf
which stands for geometric

probability distribution
function, where what you have

to pass it is the probability
of success on any given

trial, one out of 13, and
then the particular value

of that random variable
that you want to figure out

the probability for, so
five right over there.

Now just to be clear, if
you're doing this on an AP exam

and this is one of the reasons
why a calculator is useful,

you can use this on an AP
exam, AP statistics exam.

It's important to tell the
graders if you're doing it

on the free response that
this right over here is your

P and that this right over
here is your five just so

it's very clear that where you
actually got this information

from or why you're actually typing it in.

But let's just see how it
works, what this probability

is actually going to amount to.

Alright so I have my calculator
now and I just need to type

in geometpdf and then those parameters.

And so the place where I
find that function I press

2nd, distribution right over
here, it's a little above

the vars button.

And then I click up, I can
scroll down or I could just

go to the bottom of the list
and you can see the second

from the bottom is
geometpdf, click Enter there.

My P value, my probability
of success on each trial

is one out of 13, and I want
to figure out the probability

that I have to pick five cards.

And so then click Enter,
click Enter again,

and there you have it, it's about 0.056.

So this is approximately 0.056.

Now let's answer another
question, so here they say

what is the probability that
I need to pick less than

10 cards?

So this is the probability
that X is less than 10

or I could say this is equal
to the probability that

X is less than or equal to nine.

And I could say well this
is the probability that X

is equal to one plus the
probability that X is equal to

two all the way to the probability
that X is equal to nine.

But that would take a
while, even if I used this

function right over here.

But lucky for us, there's
a cumulative distribution

function, take some space
from the next question,

this is going to be equal
to geometcdf, cumulative

distribution function and once
again I pass the probability

of success on any trial and
then up to including nine.

So let's get the calculator out again.

So we go to 2nd, distribution,
I click up and there we

have it geomet cumulative
distribution function, press

Enter, one out of 13 chance
of success on any trial.

Up to and including nine, and then Enter.

And there you have it, it's
approximately 51.3% or 0.513.

So this is approximately 0.513.

Now let's do one more.

What is the probability that
I need to pick more than

12 cards?

And like I'll pause the video
and see if you can figure

this one out, what function
would I use on my calculator,

how would I set it up?

Well the probability, this
is the probability that X

is going to be greater than
12, which is equal to one

minus the probably that x
is less than or equal to 12.

And now this we could just use
the cumulative distribution

function again, so this
is one minus geometcdf

cumulative distribution
function, cdf, of one over 13

and up to and including 12.

So what is this going to be equal to?

So 2nd, distribution, I click
up, I get to the function.

Click Enter, and so I
already have that first,

the probability of success on
every trial is one over 13,

and then cumulative up to
12 and so I click Enter.

And then well I could click
Enter there, but I really want

to get one minus this
value, so I can do one minus

2nd Answer, which would be
just one minus that value,

which will be equal to there
you have it, it's about 38.3%

or 0.383.

So this is approximately
equal to 0.383 and we're done.