[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:03.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a lot of misinformation out there\Nabout what it means to be a transgender
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.96,0:00:05.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but recently,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.12,0:00:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientists have begun to look into
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.10,0:00:09.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Neurology, Physiology, and \NPsychology
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.25,0:00:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,behind it.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.46,0:00:11.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So today we're gonna
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.51,0:00:13.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,break down what \NScience does know
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.66,0:00:15.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a respectful and educational way
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.66,0:00:17.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hey guys! I'm Gigi Gorgeous and,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.94,0:00:19.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today, I'm here with \NASAPScience
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.94,0:00:21.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to break down Science \Nof Being Transgender
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.95,0:00:23.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Before we get to deep into it,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.58,0:00:25.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have to look at your genetic sex.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.66,0:00:27.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or the chromosomes you have.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.78,0:00:30.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These were determine \Nright at fertilization
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.01,0:00:32.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the sperm cell from your father
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.12,0:00:34.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which carries an 'X' or a 'Y' chromosome
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.24,0:00:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fuse with the egg from your mother,\Nwhich carries an 'X' chromosome.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.00,0:00:41.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But until 6 or 7 weeks \Nafter fertilization,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.31,0:00:43.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both 'XY' and 'XX' embryos
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.04,0:00:44.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have identical Gonads.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.99,0:00:46.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Around 7 weeks
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.21,0:00:48.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the male sex organs start to develop
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.27,0:00:50.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because of a gene on 'Y' chromosome
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.58,0:00:51.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called 'SRY'
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.62,0:00:53.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It causes cells to become more specialized
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.68,0:00:56.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these cells create 'Testosterone'
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.26,0:00:58.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which in turn triggers \Nthe development
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.26,0:01:00.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of structure like the penis & scrotum
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.37,0:01:01.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while other cells block female
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.86,0:01:04.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,development by degenerating\Nthe female ducts.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.19,0:01:06.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, \Nin female development,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.02,0:01:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there is no
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.88,0:01:09.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'Y' chromosome\Nwith the 'SRY' gene
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.53,0:01:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These ducts stay intact \Nand become
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.52,0:01:14.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the uterus cervix, \Nupper vagina, and the oviduct
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.07,0:01:17.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the help of Estrogen, & \Nchemicals secreted
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.15,0:01:18.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the early kidney.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.47,0:01:20.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but, it's not always\Nthat simple,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.84,0:01:23.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are sometimes even \NRARE COMBINATIONS
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.23,0:01:24.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like 'XXY',
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.56,0:01:25.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'XXX'
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.76,0:01:27.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'XXYY' etc.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.41,0:01:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even people\Nwith 'XX" Chromosomes
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.00,0:01:32.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that develop male genitals\N& characteristics
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.66,0:01:35.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,due to a piece of the 'Y' \Nchromosome breaking off,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.30,0:01:37.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and switching places to \Nan 'X' chromosome.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.67,0:01:40.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION \Nin a brain, actually
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.56,0:01:42.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happens much later \Nthan Gonadal Differentiation.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.89,0:01:44.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yes, although controversial
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.70,0:01:46.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Male and Female brains \Nhave structural &
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.74,0:01:48.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,functional differences\Nbetween each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.96,0:01:50.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Studies have found
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.05,0:01:52.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that males generally
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.33,0:01:54.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have a larger cerebrum\Ncerebellum.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.20,0:01:55.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and hippo campus.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.56,0:01:57.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While females have
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.35,0:01:59.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,higher density left frontal lobe,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.20,0:02:00.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and larger volumes
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.92,0:02:02.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the right frontal lobe.\NSo what exactly
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.94,0:02:04.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do see when we look at the brain?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.95,0:02:06.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a transgender person?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.36,0:02:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Several studies have shown that
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.92,0:02:09.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,transgender brains\Nare both
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.44,0:02:11.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,structurally and functionally
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.68,0:02:14.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more similar to their experienced\Ngender identity
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.12,0:02:15.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than their biological sex.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.70,0:02:17.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One study found that transwomen who
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.95,0:02:19.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,despite being assigned male at birth
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.77,0:02:22.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had a smaller female size structure\Nin the hypothalamus.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.64,0:02:24.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,MRI scans also show the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.96,0:02:26.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,brain structures of trans people
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.96,0:02:28.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be more similar in thickness into their
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.96,0:02:30.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,experienced gender and not their sex.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.96,0:02:33.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finally, the pheromone\NAndrostadienone
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.04,0:02:34.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,causes\Ndifferent hypothalamic
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.48,0:02:36.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,responses in male \Nand female brains
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.17,0:02:37.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, when individuals
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.45,0:02:39.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with Gender Dysphoria\Nwere exposed to it,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.49,0:02:41.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hypothalamic response
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.75,0:02:43.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,matches their perceived gender
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.25,0:02:45.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than their sex.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.52,0:02:47.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These studies help to \Nhighlight
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.17,0:02:48.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,masculinization or \Nfeminization
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.84,0:02:51.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the Gonads is not \Nalways the same as the brain
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.22,0:02:53.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that there's a difference between
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.36,0:02:55.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your sex or your anatomy\N& gender
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.09,0:02:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or how you perceived \Nyour own body.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.76,0:02:57.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There also seems to be
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.94,0:03:00.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a genetic component \Nto transgender identity.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.36,0:03:01.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Looking at family histories
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.82,0:03:03.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of gender identity \Nincongruence
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.31,0:03:04.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seems to run in the family,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.66,0:03:06.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meaning they maybe inherited
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.36,0:03:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The 'CYP17' gene which controls
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.36,0:03:10.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the body's level of sex hormones
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.36,0:03:12.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has a changed allele that is expressed
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.36,0:03:14.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,frequently in trans man.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.52,0:03:16.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Although, more \Nresearch could be done,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.47,0:03:19.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scientists are currently\Nat looking over
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.02,0:03:21.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3 Million DNA Markers \Nfor transgender identity
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.32,0:03:23.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to investigate any genetic \Nlink for being trans.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.82,0:03:25.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even though scientific studies
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.82,0:03:27.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,validate the experience\Nof transgender people
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.92,0:03:29.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's still more suffering from
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.82,0:03:32.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,depression and anxiety \Nthan the general public.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.64,0:03:33.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The risk of suicide
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.82,0:03:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is more prominent in transgender people
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.82,0:03:38.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who have been rejected by their family
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.28,0:03:40.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,discriminated in their workplace,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.21,0:03:41.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or in health care.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.38,0:03:43.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sucide risks seems to
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.10,0:03:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decreased after gender transitioning.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.48,0:03:47.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Suggesting that gender dysphoria can cause
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.48,0:03:49.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an extreme amount of emotional pain
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.48,0:03:51.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even to the point of suicide.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.48,0:03:53.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you, a family member, or a friend is
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.48,0:03:55.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suffering from gender dysphoria ,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.48,0:03:57.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are few links in the description
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.44,0:03:58.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for more information.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.46,0:04:00.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you so much \Nfor being part of this video,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.83,0:04:03.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it means so much and we're happy
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.01,0:04:04.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you were here to do this with us.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.74,0:04:06.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,GIGI: Ah, thank you guys for using
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.39,0:04:07.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your channel, your \Nexperiences
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.83,0:04:09.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,validating transgender\Nwith science
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.55,0:04:11.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which brings us closer \Nto equality.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.22,0:04:12.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mitch: Absolutely
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.30,0:04:14.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you guys wanna \Ncheck out Gigi's Channel
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.33,0:04:15.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we'll put links in the \Ndescription
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.96,0:04:17.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or on the screen somewhere\NOtherwise,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.69,0:04:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can \Nsubscribe for Science here
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.38,0:04:20.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every week, and \Nwe'll see you next time.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.29,0:04:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,PEACE!