0:00:08.159,0:00:13.699 Lord Shiva— primordial destroyer of evil,[br]slayer of demons, 0:00:13.699,0:00:17.209 protector, and omniscient observer [br]of the universe— 0:00:17.209,0:00:19.969 was testing his wife’s patience. 0:00:19.969,0:00:25.284 Historically, the union between [br]Shiva and Parvati was a glorious one. 0:00:25.284,0:00:29.004 They maintained the equilibrium [br]between thought and action 0:00:29.004,0:00:31.865 on which the well-being [br]of the world depended. 0:00:31.865,0:00:37.525 Without Parvati as the agent of energy, [br]growth, and transformation on Earth, 0:00:37.525,0:00:42.914 Shiva would become a detached observer, [br]and the world would remain static. 0:00:42.914,0:00:48.092 But together, the two formed [br]a divine union known as Ardhanarishvara–– 0:00:48.092,0:00:49.842 a sacred combination 0:00:49.842,0:00:54.121 which brought fertility and connection [br]to all living things. 0:00:54.121,0:00:57.781 For these reasons, Parvati was worshipped[br]far and wide 0:00:57.781,0:00:59.992 as the mother of the natural world–– 0:00:59.992,0:01:04.768 and the essential counterpart [br]to Shiva’s powers of raw creation. 0:01:04.768,0:01:07.948 She oversaw humanity’s material comforts; 0:01:07.948,0:01:12.176 and ensured that the Earth’s inhabitants[br]were bonded to each other 0:01:12.176,0:01:15.682 physically, emotionally, and spiritually. 0:01:15.682,0:01:19.886 Yet a rift had grown [br]between these two formidable forces. 0:01:19.886,0:01:24.497 While Parvati sustained daily life [br]with care and control, 0:01:24.497,0:01:28.497 Shiva had begun to belittle [br]his wife’s essential work— 0:01:28.497,0:01:32.497 and insisted on quarreling [br]about their roles in the universe. 0:01:32.497,0:01:35.417 He believed that Brahma, [br]the Creator of the world, 0:01:35.417,0:01:40.106 had conceived the material plane [br]purely for his own fancy. 0:01:40.106,0:01:44.766 And therefore, all material things [br]were merely distractions called māyā— 0:01:44.766,0:01:47.416 nothing but a cosmic illusion. 0:01:47.416,0:01:51.076 For millennia Parvati [br]had merely smiled knowingly 0:01:51.076,0:01:54.196 as Shiva dismissed [br]the things she nurtured. 0:01:54.196,0:01:56.186 But upon His latest rebuke, 0:01:56.186,0:01:59.660 she knew she had to prove [br]the importance of her work 0:01:59.660,0:02:01.051 once and for all. 0:02:01.051,0:02:03.281 She took flight from the world, 0:02:03.281,0:02:07.537 withdrawing her half of the cosmic energy[br]that kept the Earth turning. 0:02:07.537,0:02:13.177 At her disappearance, a sudden, [br]terrifying and all-encompassing scarcity 0:02:13.177,0:02:16.238 enveloped the world in eerie silence. 0:02:16.238,0:02:19.798 Without Parvati, [br]the land became dry and barren. 0:02:19.798,0:02:22.720 Rivers shrank [br]and crops shriveled in the fields. 0:02:22.720,0:02:25.160 Hunger descended on humanity. 0:02:25.161,0:02:28.261 Parents struggled to console [br]their starving children 0:02:28.261,0:02:30.171 while their own stomachs rumbled. 0:02:30.171,0:02:34.498 With nothing to eat, people no longer[br]gathered over heaped bowls of rice, 0:02:34.498,0:02:37.808 but withdrew and shrank [br]from the darkening world. 0:02:37.808,0:02:39.538 To His shock and awe, 0:02:39.538,0:02:44.746 Shiva also felt the profound emptiness[br]left by his wife’s absence. 0:02:44.746,0:02:46.896 Despite His supreme power, 0:02:46.896,0:02:51.183 He too realized that He was not immune[br]to the need for sustenance, 0:02:51.183,0:02:54.924 and His yearning felt [br]bottomless and unbearable. 0:02:54.924,0:02:57.804 As Shiva despaired [br]over the desolate Earth, 0:02:57.804,0:03:00.184 He came to realize that [br]the material world 0:03:00.184,0:03:03.294 could not be so easily dismissed. 0:03:03.294,0:03:05.063 At her husband’s epiphany, 0:03:05.063,0:03:08.262 the compassionate Parvati [br]could no longer stand by 0:03:08.262,0:03:11.122 and watch her devotees wasting away. 0:03:11.122,0:03:13.702 To walk among them [br]and restore their health, 0:03:13.702,0:03:16.432 she took the form of a new avatar, 0:03:16.432,0:03:22.155 carrying a golden bowl of porridge [br]and armed with a jewel-encrusted ladle. 0:03:22.155,0:03:24.905 As word of this hopeful figure spread, 0:03:24.905,0:03:29.189 she was worshipped as Annapurna, [br]the Goddess of food. 0:03:29.189,0:03:33.610 With the arrival of Annapurna, [br]the world blossomed anew. 0:03:33.610,0:03:39.000 People rejoiced at fertility and food, [br]and communed together to give thanks. 0:03:39.000,0:03:43.629 Some believe that Annapurna first appeared[br]in the sacred city of Kashi, 0:03:43.629,0:03:46.729 or the Place of Freedom, [br]on the banks of the Ganges— 0:03:46.729,0:03:50.034 where she opened a kitchen [br]to fill the bellies of the people 0:03:50.034,0:03:52.124 until they could eat no more. 0:03:52.124,0:03:56.124 But it was not only mere mortals [br]who were served at her feast. 0:03:56.124,0:04:00.733 Humbled at the scenes of earthly pleasure[br]blooming all around him, 0:04:00.733,0:04:04.733 Lord Shiva himself approached the goddess[br]with an empty bowl 0:04:04.733,0:04:07.393 and begged for food and forgiveness. 0:04:07.393,0:04:12.013 For this reason, the supreme deity [br]is sometimes portrayed as a poor beggar 0:04:12.013,0:04:14.143 at the mercy of Annapurna; 0:04:14.143,0:04:19.406 holding her golden bowl in her left hand,[br]while the right forms the abhaya mudra–– 0:04:19.406,0:04:22.296 a gesture of safety and assurance. 0:04:22.296,0:04:26.180 With these symbols, [br]this powerful avatar makes it clear 0:04:26.180,0:04:29.830 that the material world [br]is anything but an illusion. 0:04:29.830,0:04:33.010 Rather, it is a cycle of life [br]that must be sustained— 0:04:33.010,0:04:36.320 from the feeding of open mouths [br]and rumbling bellies, 0:04:36.320,0:04:39.520 to the equilibrium of the Earth.