[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.99,0:00:10.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fu Manchu was one of the most\Nnotorious escape artists
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.82,0:00:13.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the Omaha Zoo in the 1960s.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.78,0:00:15.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he wasn't a performer,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.50,0:00:17.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was an orangutan.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.22,0:00:19.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The keepers who locked \Nhis enclosure every night
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.53,0:00:21.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were baffled to find him outside\Nthe next day
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.63,0:00:23.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hanging out with friends in a tree,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.32,0:00:25.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or sunning on the roof.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.05,0:00:27.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only after installing cameras \Ndid they realize
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.29,0:00:29.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fu Manchu had been picking the lock
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.67,0:00:33.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a metal wire that he kept hidden\Nunder his cheek pouch.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.80,0:00:37.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The keepers shouldn't have been\Nsurprised at Fu Manchu's cunningness.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.41,0:00:39.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Along with our other great ape cousins,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.80,0:00:40.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the gorillas,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.53,0:00:41.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chimps,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.25,0:00:42.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and bonobos,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.30,0:00:44.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they belong to our Hominidae\Nfamily tree,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.93,0:00:48.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which stretches back 14 million years.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.53,0:00:50.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's not just their striking red hair
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.66,0:00:53.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that makes orangutans unique \Namong our cousins.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.70,0:00:55.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As the only great apes from Asia,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.85,0:01:00.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,orangutans have adapted to a life\Nhigh in the rain forest canopies.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.51,0:01:03.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of the skills they learn\Nare transmitted through the special bond
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.82,0:01:05.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they have with their mothers,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.42,0:01:08.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the most extended in the animal kingdom\Nnext to humans.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.97,0:01:12.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Orangutan mothers usually give birth\Nto one baby at a time,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.01,0:01:15.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,waiting up to eight years before\Nhaving another.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.07,0:01:16.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This gives the young,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.35,0:01:18.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who begin as fully dependent infants,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.81,0:01:20.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plenty of time to learn how to climb
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.100,0:01:25.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and distinguish the hundreds of plants\Nand fruits that make up their diet.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.11,0:01:28.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Female orangutans even stay with\Ntheir mothers into their teen years
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.83,0:01:29.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to learn child-rearing.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.96,0:01:35.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As they grow up, orangutans also develop\Na complex set of cooperative social skills
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.90,0:01:38.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by interacting with their peers\Nand siblings.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.71,0:01:39.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Much like ourselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.94,0:01:43.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,young orangutans involuntarily mimic\Nthe facial expressions
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.37,0:01:45.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and emotions of their playmates,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.54,0:01:49.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with behaviors that closely parallel\Nhuman smiling and laughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.67,0:01:51.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once they finally venture out \Non their own,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.76,0:01:54.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,orangutans continue to develop\Ntheir resourcefulness,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.90,0:01:57.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,putting the skills they've learned \Ninto practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.59,0:02:01.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Adults build a new nest each night\Nby carefully weaving twigs together,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.51,0:02:05.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,topping them with soft leaves,\Npillows, and blankets.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.35,0:02:11.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This process requires dexterity,\Ncoordination, and an eye for design.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.62,0:02:16.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Orangutans also use a variety of tools\Nto make their lives in the jungle easier.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.15,0:02:19.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They turn branches into fly swatters\Nand back scratchers,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.47,0:02:21.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,construct umbrellas when it rains,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.86,0:02:23.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make gloves from leafy pads,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.93,0:02:27.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even use leaves as bandages\Nto dress their wounds.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.72,0:02:31.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But orangutan intelligence goes far\Nbeyond jungle survival.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.41,0:02:35.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Research in controlled environments\Nhas shown that orangutans are self-aware,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.91,0:02:39.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being one of the few species to recognize\Ntheir own reflections.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.74,0:02:43.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They also display remarkable foresight,\Nplanning, and cognition.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.72,0:02:47.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In one experiment, researchers taught\Nan orangutan to use a straw
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.87,0:02:51.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to extract his favorite fruit soup\Nfrom a box.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.19,0:02:54.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That orangutan was later given the choice\Nbetween the straw
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.61,0:02:57.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a grape that could be \Neaten right away,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.44,0:03:02.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he chose the straw just in case\Nhe was given another box of soup.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.16,0:03:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In another experiment, orangutans figured\Nout how to reach peanuts
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.71,0:03:09.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the bottom of long tubes\Nby spitting water into them.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.28,0:03:13.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While orangutans are able to pass\Ncognitive tests with flying colors,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.86,0:03:16.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are certain problems that they\Nneed our help to solve.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.99,0:03:20.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Indonesia has the world's highest rate\Nof deforestation,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.06,0:03:23.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and millions of acres of rain forest \Nare burned annually
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.15,0:03:26.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to support the logging \Nand palm oil industries.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.19,0:03:30.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Deforestation exposes the 30,000\Norangutans remaining in the wild
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.19,0:03:31.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to poachers.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.52,0:03:36.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They kill mothers so that baby orangutans\Ncan be sold as exotic pets.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.54,0:03:40.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But fortunately, the story often\Ndoesn't end here.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.06,0:03:43.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Orphans can be confiscated\Nand given a second chance.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.19,0:03:47.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At special forest schools, they recover\Nfrom emotional trauma
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.01,0:03:50.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and continue to develop \Nessential life skills.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.26,0:03:54.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Against all odds, these orphans \Ndemonstrate incredible resilience
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.05,0:03:56.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and readiness to learn.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.24,0:04:02.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Malay, the word orangutan translates\Nliterally to "the person of the forest,"
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.06,0:04:05.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a reminder of our common lineage.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.02,0:04:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And despite orangutans being some\Nof the smartest animals on Earth,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.18,0:04:14.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outsmarting their extinction requires\Nthe creativity, empathy, and foresight
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.41,0:04:16.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that our species share.