[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.42,0:00:15.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Applause]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.38,0:00:29.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this looks like a very mild disease like
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.21,0:00:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a common cold in the majority of people
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.70,0:00:34.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are certain people who get
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.95,0:00:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,infected and have very serious illness
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.59,0:00:38.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,among them are health workers it's a
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.48,0:00:40.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very serious infection in them as they
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.19,0:00:42.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get higher dose than normal people and
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.29,0:00:47.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the same time they have no immunity
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.27,0:00:49.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so in in the general population it's
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.07,0:00:51.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,likely that the dose of virus that you
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.23,0:00:53.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,receive when you are infected is much
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.57,0:00:55.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,less than the dose that a health worker
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.13,0:00:57.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would receive health workers having more
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.47,0:01:00.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,serious infections so your infection
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.57,0:01:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be less serious hopefully so that
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.24,0:01:04.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leaves the elderly and those with
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.98,0:01:06.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comorbidities to really be the ones that
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.29,0:01:09.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have to make sure are taken care of
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.78,0:01:09.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in hospitals
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.53,0:01:17.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well the most concerned are people who
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.81,0:01:19.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are first of all in developing countries
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.12,0:01:21.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and who don't have access to good
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.37,0:01:25.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,medical care and may not have access at
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.92,0:01:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all to a hospital should an epidemic
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.01,0:01:28.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,occur in their country those people
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.02,0:01:31.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be a great risk especially the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.58,0:01:33.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,elderly elderly in all populations are
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.34,0:01:35.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at risk but especially those who can't
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.59,0:01:38.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get to oxygen in industrialized
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.87,0:01:40.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,countries it's the very elderly who have
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.42,0:01:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comorbidities who have diabetes who have
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.64,0:01:44.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other diseases who are at risk the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.98,0:01:47.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,general population doesn't appear to be
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.93,0:01:47.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a great risk
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.73,0:01:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first of all pulmonary disease existing
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.79,0:01:57.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a comorbidity is also important in
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.22,0:02:00.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,general the elderly are a greater risk
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.59,0:02:03.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially those over 70 because their
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.38,0:02:04.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,immune systems are not as effective as
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.05,0:02:07.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they might have once been and there are
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.88,0:02:10.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more susceptible to infections in
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.19,0:02:12.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,addition in some instances in China
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.31,0:02:15.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's been a CO infection with
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.56,0:02:17.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,influenza and at the same time there
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.32,0:02:18.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been some bacterial super
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.03,0:02:21.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,infections on the pneumonias that are
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.80,0:02:21.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,occurring
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.78,0:02:27.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Center for Disease Control in Atlanta
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.07,0:02:29.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,keeps track and has updates on a regular
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.13,0:02:32.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basis on its website also the World
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.98,0:02:33.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Health Organization in Geneva which is
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.26,0:02:36.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coordinating many of the activities
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.73,0:02:38.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going on internationally also has a
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.04,0:02:39.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,website with daily updates it's our
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.29,0:02:43.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,responsibility to get that information
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.97,0:02:44.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as individuals so we understand and can
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.24,0:02:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make sure that we can contribute in our
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.86,0:02:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,own way to prevention of major spread
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.99,0:02:55.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the same problem with all new
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.91,0:02:57.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,infections this is an infection that's
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.74,0:03:00.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coming to humans who have never been
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.99,0:03:03.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exposed to this virus before they don't
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.69,0:03:05.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have any antibody protection and it's
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.42,0:03:07.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not clear whether their immune system
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.31,0:03:10.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can handle this virus or not this is a
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.62,0:03:12.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,virus that usually finds itself in bats
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.38,0:03:15.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or in other animals and all of a sudden
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.51,0:03:17.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's in humans and humans just don't
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.18,0:03:18.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have experience with this virus but
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.10,0:03:21.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gradually we are beginning to learn a
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.66,0:03:24.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lot as we did with SARS and you know
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.63,0:03:26.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are certainly a larger number of
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.21,0:03:29.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deaths than there were with SARS but
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.97,0:03:31.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you divide that by a denominator of
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.34,0:03:33.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,persons who are infected there are many
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.38,0:03:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many more persons infected than that
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.15,0:03:38.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where with SARS the case fatality ratio
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.82,0:03:41.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is the ratio of deaths to the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.73,0:03:44.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,numbers of cases in SARS was about 10
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.31,0:03:48.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,percent with the current coronavirus
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.01,0:03:51.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Koba 19 is 2 percent or probably less so
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.99,0:03:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a much less virulent virus but it's
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.48,0:03:54.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,still a virus that causes mortality and
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.52,0:03:58.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's what we don't want
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.93,0:03:58.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,entering human populations
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.04,0:04:05.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's clearly understood that airports or
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.34,0:04:07.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,any land borders cannot prevent the
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.62,0:04:09.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,disease from entering people in the
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.75,0:04:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,incubation period can cross that border
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.58,0:04:14.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can enter countries and can then infect
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.40,0:04:18.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,others when they become sick so its
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.95,0:04:20.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,borders are not a means of preventing
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.27,0:04:22.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,infections from entering a country by
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.50,0:04:24.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,checking temperatures borders are
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.90,0:04:27.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,important because you can provide to
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.85,0:04:29.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people arriving from areas that might be
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.37,0:04:31.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at risk of having had infection
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.26,0:04:33.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,providing them with an understanding
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.39,0:04:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either a printed understanding or a
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.43,0:04:37.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,verbal understanding of what the signs
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.74,0:04:40.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and symptoms are of this infection and
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.60,0:04:43.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what they should do if they feel that
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.30,0:04:43.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they might be infected
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.50,0:04:48.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vaccines are under development right now
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.72,0:04:51.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's a lot of research going on that
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.70,0:04:54.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,research requires first that the vaccine
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.49,0:04:57.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be developed then that it be studied for
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.25,0:04:59.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,safety and effectiveness in animals who
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.46,0:05:00.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are challenged with the virus when
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.11,0:05:03.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're after they're in vaccinated and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.67,0:05:05.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then it was going to human studies the
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.37,0:05:07.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,animal studies have not yet begun but
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.56,0:05:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will soon begin for certain vaccines and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.63,0:05:11.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's thought that by the end of the year
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.00,0:05:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or early next year there may be some
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.77,0:05:17.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,candidate vaccines that can then be
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.38,0:05:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,studied for licensing by regulatory
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.41,0:05:22.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,agencies so we're talking about at least
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.32,0:05:26.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a year until there's vaccine available
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.48,0:05:26.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can be used in many populations
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.99,0:05:33.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's clear we know how it transmits we
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.18,0:05:37.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't know how easily it transmits in
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.31,0:05:40.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,humans in communities or in unenclosed
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.23,0:05:42.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,areas we know and for example they did
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.33,0:05:44.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the enclosed area of a cruise ship it
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.13,0:05:46.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spread very easily we need to better
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.53,0:05:49.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,understand how it will spread once it
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.66,0:05:54.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gets into more open areas where people
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.39,0:05:54.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are exposed to people who might be sick
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.31,0:06:00.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a major problem in the world today is
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.38,0:06:02.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we look at outbreaks in developing
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.96,0:06:05.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,countries there's something that we need
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.94,0:06:07.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go and stop so when there's an
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.52,0:06:09.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outbreak of Ebola we think how can we go
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.56,0:06:12.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and stop this outbreak because we don't
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.90,0:06:15.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think about how can we help that country
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.71,0:06:19.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,strengthen its capacity so that it can
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.75,0:06:21.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,detect and respond to infections so we
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.05,0:06:24.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,haven't invested enough in helping
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.93,0:06:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,countries develop their core capacity in
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.33,0:06:28.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,public health what we've done is
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.10,0:06:31.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,invested in many mechanisms globally
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.77,0:06:33.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which can provide support to other
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.65,0:06:35.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,countries to go and help stop outbreaks
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.84,0:06:38.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we want to see a world where every
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.91,0:06:40.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,country can do its best to stop its own
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.10,0:06:40.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outbreaks
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.69,0:06:45.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today there are over seven billion
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.31,0:06:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people and when those people come into
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.44,0:06:48.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the world they demand more food they
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.00,0:06:50.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,demand a whole series of things and they
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.92,0:06:51.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,live closer together
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.03,0:06:54.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in fact we're in an urban world where
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.95,0:06:56.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people live in urban areas and at the
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.59,0:06:59.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,same time we're growing more animals and
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.96,0:07:02.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those animals are contributing food to
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.81,0:07:05.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,humans as well so what we see is that
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.96,0:07:08.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that animal human interface is becoming
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.30,0:07:11.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,closer and closer together and and this
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.90,0:07:13.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intensive agriculture of animals and
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.48,0:07:15.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this intensive increase in human
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.82,0:07:19.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,populations living together on the same
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.62,0:07:22.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,planet is really a melting pot where
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.19,0:07:23.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outbreaks can occur and do occur we will
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.13,0:07:27.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eventually have more and more of these
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.96,0:07:29.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outbreaks so an emerging infection today
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.86,0:07:31.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is just a warning of what will happen in
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.69,0:07:33.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the future we have to make sure that
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.58,0:07:37.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that technical collaboration in the
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.89,0:07:38.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,world is there to work together to make
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.25,0:07:40.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sure that we can understand these
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.75,0:07:42.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outbreaks when they occur and rapidly
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.88,0:07:45.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provide the information necessary to
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.89,0:07:45.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,control
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.26,0:07:50.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can't predict with accuracy so all I
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.45,0:07:53.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can say is that we must all be prepared
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.31,0:07:55.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the worst-case scenario and at the
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.70,0:07:58.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,same time learn how we can protect
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.80,0:08:01.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ourselves and protect others should we
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.11,0:08:01.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,become a part of that a together
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.05,0:08:08.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Music]
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.32,0:08:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you