[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.26,0:00:23.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hello, my name's Hertling
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.15,0:00:24.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm a soldier and
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.49,0:00:26.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-- you probably could tell that.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.98,0:00:29.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've been in the military for 38 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.43,0:00:30.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm thinking of making it a career.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.81,0:00:32.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have seen -- (Laughter) --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.70,0:00:35.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have seen and studied and analysed
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.58,0:00:38.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all types of security threats.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.06,0:00:39.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've fought in several wars
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.71,0:00:43.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there's an emerging threat\Nthat we're seeing
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.08,0:00:45.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'd like to talk a little bit\Nabout today
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.45,0:00:49.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I think will have an effect\Non our future,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.63,0:00:51.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our economy,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.44,0:00:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our youth
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.52,0:00:56.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our economic system.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.10,0:00:57.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is an emerging threat
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.97,0:01:00.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that concerns me significantly
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.68,0:01:04.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's represented in this picture.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.31,0:01:05.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now you might think,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.42,0:01:07.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why is a soldier talking about
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.25,0:01:11.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a young man who is obviously inactive
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.22,0:01:13.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and perhaps is a little bit overweight?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.74,0:01:16.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's because of some things I've seen
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.53,0:01:18.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the last several years
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.44,0:01:20.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'd like to talk a little bit about those today
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.82,0:01:22.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and related to how I believe
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.63,0:01:24.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it could be a national security threat
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.48,0:01:26.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within the next 20 to 30 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.97,0:01:30.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all, in 1983,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.31,0:01:31.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Army sent me on something
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.99,0:01:33.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called a broadening experience.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.60,0:01:35.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was asked to go graduate school
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.80,0:01:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at Indiana University.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.00,0:01:39.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had studied as an undergraduate \Nin International Relations
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.78,0:01:41.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they said, "Hey we want you to go
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.50,0:01:45.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and get a Master's degree\Nin Exercise Physiology
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.29,0:01:48.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then teach PE at West Point."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.34,0:01:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I said, "Okay, sounds like a great idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.98,0:01:52.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's broadening to be sure."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.03,0:01:54.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I went out there -- (Laugther) --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.39,0:01:55.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I went to Indiana University
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.91,0:01:58.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my first class was an anatomy class
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.69,0:02:00.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I had an anatomy lab.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.29,0:02:01.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I walked into the classroom
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.95,0:02:04.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they issued me a cadaver.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.62,0:02:06.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As they did everyone else in the class.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.50,0:02:10.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the cadaver I had,\Ncame with a medical history
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.18,0:02:12.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The professor told us,\N"In order to respect
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.73,0:02:15.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the people who have given\Ntheir bodies to science
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.39,0:02:17.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we'd ask you to respect them,\Ntoo, and you perhaps
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.72,0:02:20.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wanna name them to remind yourself
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.20,0:02:21.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they were once a person
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.25,0:02:22.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,although we don't wanna give you\Ntheir real name."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.96,0:02:24.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I named mine Charlie.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.99,0:02:26.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Charlie had a medical history.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.21,0:02:29.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He had been a two-pack-a-day smoker.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.30,0:02:33.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Charlie had not exercised in the last 20 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.28,0:02:35.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Charlie was extremely overweight
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.80,0:02:39.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Charlie had died of a cardiovascular disease
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.64,0:02:42.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he was 46 years old.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.55,0:02:44.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we pulled him up and we began,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.03,0:02:45.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the various students in the room began
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.74,0:02:47.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our disection of these bodies
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.46,0:02:49.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had a lot of a tougher time
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.43,0:02:50.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than some of the other students
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.99,0:02:52.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I had to cut through
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.50,0:02:54.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,several layers of adipose.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.24,0:02:55.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I got to the internal body cavities
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.82,0:02:57.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was amazing to me
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.24,0:02:58.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comparing Charlie's organs
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.100,0:03:01.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to some of the organs of \Nthe other students in the class.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.45,0:03:04.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The heart was surrounded by fat
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.34,0:03:05.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,several inches.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.32,0:03:07.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the tricks our instructors taught us was,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.94,0:03:10.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, we had to through these labs
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.11,0:03:12.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we had to name what vein was which
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.12,0:03:14.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what artery was which,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.08,0:03:16.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the professor said, "If you pull
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.40,0:03:18.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on an artery, it's like a rubber band.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.04,0:03:20.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you pull on a vein, it's like \Na guitar string and it'll twang."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.74,0:03:22.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I pulled on Charlie's arteries and veins
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.80,0:03:25.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they broke off into my hand.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.61,0:03:28.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I finished grad school
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.85,0:03:30.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and went to teach at West Point for 3 years
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.48,0:03:32.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from '83 to '86
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.03,0:03:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then after that assignment
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.53,0:03:35.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I went back to the operational Army
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.05,0:03:37.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and did things that all soldiers do:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.30,0:03:38.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,commanded organizations,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.62,0:03:41.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trained, went into combat several times,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.03,0:03:42.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then coming out of combat
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.74,0:03:46.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a Division Commander in 2009
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.49,0:03:48.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Army decided they wanted to promote me
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.97,0:03:50.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to three-star General
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.16,0:03:51.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think because they wanted to prove
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.74,0:03:53.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they have a sense of humor.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.22,0:03:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They then sent me to be the Commander of
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.11,0:03:58.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Initial Military Training.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.45,0:04:03.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My job was to train\Nthe 160,000 or so soldiers
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.03,0:04:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or correction: civilians,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.98,0:04:06.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would come into the Army every year
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.54,0:04:09.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and turn them into soldiers.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.02,0:04:12.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I found when I reported to that assignment
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.60,0:04:14.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,disturbed me.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.18,0:04:15.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Several facts came to my attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.98,0:04:20.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all, 75% or more
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.34,0:04:21.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a little bit more actually
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.54,0:04:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the civilians who wanted to join the Army
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.98,0:04:27.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were not qualified to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.89,0:04:31.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,75% of the 17-24 year olds \Nwho wanted to join the Army
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.88,0:04:33.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were not qualified
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.26,0:04:34.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the number one reason
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.28,0:04:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was because they were obese.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.52,0:04:38.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of the 25% that could join the Army
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.100,0:04:41.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we found on the first day of basic training
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.33,0:04:44.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was that about 60% of them
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.26,0:04:47.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could not pass the PT test
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.37,0:04:49.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we gave on the first day.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.06,0:04:51.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that was: \None minute of push-ups,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.11,0:04:53.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one minute of sit-ups and\Na one-mile run.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.65,0:04:55.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, that's not a difficult test.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.69,0:04:56.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we were finding that
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.95,0:04:59.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a great majority of our new soldiers
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.25,0:05:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coming off the civilian environment,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.22,0:05:03.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could not pass that test.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.87,0:05:05.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't understand what had happened.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.64,0:05:08.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was not what I had left
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.03,0:05:12.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,studying physical education in 1986.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.37,0:05:13.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As we did some analyses
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.73,0:05:17.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I realized that a couple of things had changed.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.06,0:05:20.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all, number one\Nand the primary reason was
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.80,0:05:22.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starting in the late '90s
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.03,0:05:24.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the majority of our elementary\Nand high schools
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.20,0:05:27.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stopped teaching PE,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.27,0:05:29.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in fact, only five states
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.47,0:05:32.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the 50 of our country right now
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.16,0:05:34.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have mandatory requirements\Nfor physical education
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.69,0:05:37.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between K and 12th grade today.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.75,0:05:40.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Five out of 50.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.02,0:05:42.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, you say,\N"Okay, well that's interesting,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.27,0:05:44.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what does the Army care about that?"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.74,0:05:46.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, we're getting the product of that
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.67,0:05:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in addition to second and third order effects
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.88,0:05:51.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were young people that were joining our service
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.09,0:05:53.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could not run, dodge, jump, tumble, roll
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.85,0:05:56.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the kinds of things you expect soldiers to do
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.83,0:05:58.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they're in combat.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.24,0:06:00.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second thing we found
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.38,0:06:02.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or that I found or realized was
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.38,0:06:05.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that our diet had changed radically
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.26,0:06:07.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the last 15 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.16,0:06:09.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were supersizing everything.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.88,0:06:11.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Having been stationed overseas in Germany,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.63,0:06:13.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's not the case there,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.06,0:06:14.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they were supersizing --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.56,0:06:15.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you want a large fries
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.54,0:06:17.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can get extra large\Nand extra-extra large.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.83,0:06:19.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You couldn't just get a 16 oz drink,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.31,0:06:22.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you could get a 24, 42, 64 oz soda.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.89,0:06:25.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that was having a deleterious effect.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.91,0:06:27.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was fascinating to me
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.68,0:06:30.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we were also seeing,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.01,0:06:31.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a scientist told me,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.71,0:06:33.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that in the last 15 years
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.24,0:06:35.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the time I left West Point until today
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.60,0:06:38.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Americans eat about 30% more calories a day
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.96,0:06:40.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than they had in 1983
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.50,0:06:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and about 15 lbs more of sugar a year.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.52,0:06:46.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Phenomenal statistics.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.34,0:06:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the combination\Nof a lack of physical education
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.38,0:06:52.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and an increase of poor nutrition
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.84,0:06:55.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was causing secondary effects.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.09,0:06:57.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the "O" food group, by the way.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.60,0:07:00.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I started calling it the "O" food group
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.83,0:07:02.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because anything that ends in an "O"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.76,0:07:05.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is probably not good for you.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.52,0:07:09.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laugther)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.97,0:07:12.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I haven't found anything\Nthat ended in "O" yet
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.89,0:07:16.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was actually very nutritious in nature.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.48,0:07:18.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what we started to do was
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.23,0:07:19.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we saw some second and third order effects
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.84,0:07:21.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is one of them
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.69,0:07:23.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is at one of our training bases
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.86,0:07:26.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we have five in the United States Army.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.35,0:07:28.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were seeing a malady called
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.44,0:07:31.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,femoral neck stress injuries,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.74,0:07:32.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what that means is that
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.92,0:07:36.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the tip of the pelvis would crack
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.04,0:07:37.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it wouldn't be a clean break
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.89,0:07:39.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it would be a stress fracture
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.65,0:07:41.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would cause significant problems
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.23,0:07:45.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can see starting in 2000\Nthat we were beginning to see this
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.50,0:07:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is because the people \Nwe were recruiting were just coming of age
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.38,0:07:51.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and many of them had not had PE
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.68,0:07:54.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they had started to have the bad nutrition.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.09,0:07:57.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But by 2009 when our new recruits
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.05,0:07:58.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were 18 or 19 years old
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.66,0:08:00.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they had gone through their entire life
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.90,0:08:04.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without having a PE class\Nand dependent on bad nutrition.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.09,0:08:07.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those 135 that we had at one training base
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.94,0:08:09.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are significant injuries because
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.52,0:08:11.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to fix it
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.17,0:08:15.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it costs anywhere between \NUSD 100,000 and USD 300,000.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.83,0:08:17.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is an economic issue.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.45,0:08:19.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This isn't just a soldier health issue.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.10,0:08:23.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For me this was an economic issue.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.00,0:08:25.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The third reason, and I'll say this
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.82,0:08:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then move quickly on.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.35,0:08:28.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The third reason we saw
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.32,0:08:30.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was an increase in technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.25,0:08:31.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I'm a big fan of technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.68,0:08:33.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the researchers had told me
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.62,0:08:35.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we now watch as a nation
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.26,0:08:38.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about 150 hours of television a month.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.50,0:08:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's five hours a day.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.46,0:08:42.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2009, when we started this study
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.83,0:08:46.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we were seeing anywhere\Nfrom 30 to 40 on average
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.27,0:08:48.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hours of internet searches
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.89,0:08:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by adult male Americans per month.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.58,0:08:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's between one and two hours a day.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.30,0:08:57.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gaming was off the charts.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.72,0:09:00.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2009, and it's increased since then
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.20,0:09:02.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the average teenager was playing
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.11,0:09:05.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thirteen hours of video games per week.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.52,0:09:08.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now all those hours in front of a tube
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.45,0:09:10.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were replacing the play time
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.23,0:09:12.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's significant.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.79,0:09:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In addition to that,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.98,0:09:16.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the final one, number four:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.72,0:09:19.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're terrible examples to our children.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.66,0:09:21.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're in too much of a rush.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.48,0:09:22.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're eating poorly
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.93,0:09:24.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're eating fast foods
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.85,0:09:27.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're relaxing in front of the television\Nat the end of the day.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.67,0:09:29.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We also are relying on technology
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.99,0:09:31.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of play
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.20,0:09:33.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're not balancing our lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.52,0:09:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My wife has a stitchery in our house
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.18,0:09:37.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we've raised two children
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.85,0:09:39.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and now a couple of grandchildren
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.27,0:09:42.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that says, "Your children are watching you."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.33,0:09:45.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What you do speaks louder\Nthan anything you can say.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.69,0:09:49.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were not doing the right things\Nfor our children.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.68,0:09:51.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in typical army fashion
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.75,0:09:54.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said, "We've got to address \Nthese issues with our new recruits."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.66,0:09:56.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we changed several things.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.39,0:09:58.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We began something we called
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.29,0:10:00.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Soldier Athlete Initiative
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.28,0:10:02.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you can't just say\Nto a bunch of 18 year olds,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.35,0:10:03.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"We're going to get you all in shape
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.64,0:10:05.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and stop feeding you cheeseburgers."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.62,0:10:07.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have to give kind of a sexy title
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.100,0:10:09.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to it so we called it
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.32,0:10:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Soldier Athlete Initiative.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.40,0:10:13.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you're going to perform on the battle field,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.91,0:10:16.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have got to train like a champion.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.51,0:10:18.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what we did was,\Nwe completely changed
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.48,0:10:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, it's a three-legged stool
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.00,0:10:22.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we completely changed the way\Nwe were training
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.34,0:10:24.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to compensate for things\Nthat were not going on
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.92,0:10:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in grade school and high school.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.02,0:10:29.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We assigned physical terapists
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.45,0:10:32.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and athletic trainers\Nto every organization
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.50,0:10:34.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we wanted\Nto prevent the injuries
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.24,0:10:35.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and treat them before they turned into
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.96,0:10:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those USD 100,000 bone stress fractures.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.46,0:10:44.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We wanted to fix them\Nas they became visible.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.18,0:10:46.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then the third thing\Nand probably the most important was
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.84,0:10:49.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we changed the way\Nwe feed food in the mess halls
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.91,0:10:51.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the dining facilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.16,0:10:52.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We called it "Fueling the Soldier."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.93,0:10:55.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can't just say,\N"Hey, have a salad."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.15,0:10:58.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We instead say -- (Laugther) --
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.60,0:11:00.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you've got to advertise with soldiers
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.54,0:11:02.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we said,\N"Hey, we're going to fuel you
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.60,0:11:04.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for maximum performance."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.15,0:11:07.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what sports teams are doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.05,0:11:08.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what NFL, major league baseball
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.99,0:11:10.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they know they've got to eat right
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.53,0:11:13.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to perform at their maximum.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.66,0:11:15.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, I'm not going to dwell...
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.35,0:11:17.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Within the first year, we saw
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.73,0:11:20.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some unbelievably strong statistics
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.60,0:11:22.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that shows this was working:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.02,0:11:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reduction in injuries,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.62,0:11:26.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we saved about USD 30 million the first year
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.68,0:11:28.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just in treatment of injuries.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.35,0:11:30.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,30 million in the army.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.92,0:11:32.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just on injury prevention
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.99,0:11:35.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we began to see weight loss
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.33,0:11:38.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and improved... or we reduced\Nthe number of
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.55,0:11:40.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,overweight soldiers we have in the Army.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.20,0:11:41.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We still have a way to go.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.60,0:11:43.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've advanced this "Fueling the Soldier"
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.30,0:11:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to "Fueling the Teams"
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.28,0:11:46.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in fact we've redirected
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.60,0:11:48.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the Department of Defense Schools
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.01,0:11:50.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for our young people\Nand we're calling it
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.07,0:11:53.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Fueling the future."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.04,0:11:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we fixed it!\NOr we're on our way to fix it.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.11,0:11:57.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's interesting about this
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.71,0:12:02.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is your Army combined with your Navy,\Nyour Marine Corps
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.79,0:12:04.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you Air Force and your Coast Guard
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.41,0:12:09.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,makes up less than 1%\Nof the American population.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.87,0:12:12.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So my concern is:
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.05,0:12:16.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's going on with the other 99%?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.15,0:12:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this gets me back to my issue of this
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.52,0:12:21.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being a national security concern.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.17,0:12:22.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to show you
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.86,0:12:24.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one area and that's just levels of obesity.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.85,0:12:27.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was a chart that represents
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.45,0:12:28.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the number of states in the Union
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.100,0:12:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that were below 20% obesity rates
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.18,0:12:37.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on average from a child of 14 to 19 years old.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.17,0:12:39.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was in 1985.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.42,0:12:41.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Watch what happens.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.36,0:12:57.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As you can see
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.09,0:13:01.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 2009, it's significantly worse.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.60,0:13:05.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The predictions for 2030
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.42,0:13:07.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are these:
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.46,0:13:10.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can see the number of states
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.16,0:13:14.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have greater than 65% children obese.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:14.37,0:13:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not overweight, this is obese.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.98,0:13:19.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, the related issues
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.28,0:13:20.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I told you the issue with our injury rates
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.93,0:13:23.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how much we were paying to fix people
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.04,0:13:24.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is significant.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.74,0:13:26.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We spend estimated
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.21,0:13:28.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Department of Health and Education
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.15,0:13:30.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both determined that we spend
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.15,0:13:36.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on average today between \NUSD 150 to USD 200 billion per year
Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.30,0:13:40.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,treating the results of childhood obesity.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.20,0:13:42.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're seeing an increase in diabetes.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.45,0:13:43.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We estimate that we will have
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.84,0:13:48.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a 40% cardiovascular disease rate\Nby the year 2030.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.20,0:13:49.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is significant.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.74,0:13:52.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a health care issue.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:52.91,0:13:54.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An economic issue.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.46,0:13:56.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A readiness issue for me because
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.59,0:13:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've seen my pool of recruits deplete
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.16,0:14:00.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,based on this.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.56,0:14:03.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can't pull them in in order to fix them.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:03.17,0:14:06.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's just a competition issue.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.01,0:14:08.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's other studies\Nthat show what obesity
Dialogue: 0,0:14:08.39,0:14:11.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and lack of activity do to young people.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:11.36,0:14:14.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I believe this is certainly
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.33,0:14:16.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a national security concern.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.86,0:14:19.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are several organizations\Nwho are attempting to approach this.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.96,0:14:23.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You may have heard of\NMayor Bloomberg in New York
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.12,0:14:25.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who has banned all sugary drinks
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.63,0:14:29.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,above 16 oz in schools and public restaurants\Nin New York City
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.65,0:14:32.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he took a lot of heat for that.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.16,0:14:36.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nike, Blue Cross Blue Shield and Subway
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.46,0:14:39.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are all using overweight actors in their adds
Dialogue: 0,0:14:39.02,0:14:41.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to pattern behavior
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.19,0:14:43.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and perhaps to turn this thing around.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.28,0:14:46.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nickelodeon in last year's\NWorldwide Day of Play
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.04,0:14:48.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decided to put their screens black
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.20,0:14:50.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as opposed to showing programming
Dialogue: 0,0:14:50.38,0:14:52.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to get children outside and play.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.43,0:14:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And of course our First Lady
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.56,0:14:55.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the last several years
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.33,0:14:57.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has been attempting to do "Let's Move!"
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.95,0:15:00.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the counter obesity measures.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.27,0:15:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This concerns me.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.52,0:15:04.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This concerns me greatly.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.16,0:15:06.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again as I said
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.52,0:15:08.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my name is Hertling,\NI am a soldier.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.20,0:15:11.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've been a soldier for 38 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.33,0:15:15.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not something the Army can fix.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:15.84,0:15:17.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not something you can put\Na yellow ribbon on
Dialogue: 0,0:15:17.93,0:15:20.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and say, "Let somebody else take care of it".
Dialogue: 0,0:15:20.90,0:15:22.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not something
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.26,0:15:24.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we can rely on governments
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.11,0:15:26.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or organizations to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.14,0:15:28.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Be fearless in terms of writing your schools.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:28.69,0:15:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Be fearless in trying to get nutrition
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.08,0:15:32.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back in restaurants.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:32.58,0:15:35.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Be fearless in balancing your lives
Dialogue: 0,0:15:35.09,0:15:36.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and getting out to exercise.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:36.86,0:15:39.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Be fearless in modelling your behavior
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.04,0:15:41.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for young people.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.26,0:15:43.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That will prevent
Dialogue: 0,0:15:43.73,0:15:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a whole lot of Charlies in the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:46.52,0:15:47.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.81,0:15:50.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)