[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.78,0:00:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's the fastest growing threat\Nto Americans' health?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.68,0:00:07.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cancer? Heart attacks? Diabetes?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.77,0:00:09.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The answer is actually none of these:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.98,0:00:11.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's Alzheimer's disease.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.65,0:00:13.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every 67 seconds,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.28,0:00:16.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,someone in the United States\Nis diagnosed with Alzheimer's.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.92,0:00:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As the number of Alzheimer's patients\Ntriples by the year 2050,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.66,0:00:23.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,caring for them, as well as\Nthe rest of the aging population,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.45,0:00:26.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will become an overwhelming\Nsociety challenge.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.18,0:00:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My family has experienced firsthand\Nthe struggles of caring
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.58,0:00:31.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for an Alzheimer's patient.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.39,0:00:33.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Growing up in a family\Nwith three generations,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.34,0:00:35.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've always been very close\Nto my grandfather.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.61,0:00:37.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was four years old,\Nmy grandfather and I
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.88,0:00:39.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were walking in a park in Japan
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.27,0:00:40.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he suddenly got lost.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.97,0:00:43.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was one of the scariest moments\NI've ever experienced in my life,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.73,0:00:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was also the first instance\Nthat informed us that my grandfather
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.52,0:00:48.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had Alzheimer's disease.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.79,0:00:52.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over the past 12 years,\Nhis condition got worse and worse,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.28,0:00:56.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and his wandering in particular\Ncaused my family a lot of stress.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.01,0:00:57.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My aunt, his primary caregiver,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.52,0:01:00.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really struggled to stay awake at night\Nto keep an eye on him,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.24,0:01:03.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even then often failed\Nto catch him leaving the bed.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.33,0:01:05.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I became really concerned\Nabout my aunt's well-being
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.86,0:01:08.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as well as my grandfather's safety.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.01,0:01:11.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I searched extensively for a solution\Nthat could help my family's problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.26,0:01:13.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but couldn't find one.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.28,0:01:15.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, one night about two years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.97,0:01:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was looking after my grandfather\Nand I saw him stepping out of the bed.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.76,0:01:21.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The moment his foot landed on the floor,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.36,0:01:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I thought, why don't I put\Na pressure sensor on the heel of his foot?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.98,0:01:27.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once he stepped onto the floor\Nand out of the bed,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.05,0:01:30.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the pressure sensor would detect an\Nincrease in pressure caused by body weight
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.28,0:01:32.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then wirelessly send an audible alert\Nto the caregiver's smart phone.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.69,0:01:36.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That way, my aunt could sleep\Nmuch better at night
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.45,0:01:39.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without having to worry\Nabout my grandfather's wandering.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.19,0:01:43.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now I'd like to perform\Na demonstration of this sock.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.55,0:01:47.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could I please have\Nmy sock model on the stage?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.99,0:01:51.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Great.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.59,0:01:57.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So once the patient steps onto the floor,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.84,0:02:00.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an alert is sent\Nto the caregiver's smartphone.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.57,0:02:06.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you. (Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.06,0:02:12.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you sock model.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.54,0:02:15.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is a drawing\Nof my preliminary design.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.74,0:02:18.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My desire to create\Na sensor-based technology
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.71,0:02:22.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps stemmed from my life-long love\Nfor sensors and technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.45,0:02:24.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was six years old,\Nan elderly family friend
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.72,0:02:27.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fell down in the bathroom\Nand suffered severe injuries.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.49,0:02:29.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I became concerned\Nabout my own grandparents
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.28,0:02:32.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and decided to invent\Na smart bathroom system.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.11,0:02:35.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Motion sensors would be installed\Ninside the tiles of bathroom floors
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.92,0:02:39.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to detect the falls of elderly patients\Nwhenever they fell down in the bathroom.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.86,0:02:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since I was only six years old at the time
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.98,0:02:44.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I hadn't graduated\Nfrom kindergarten yet,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.09,0:02:47.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't have the necessary\Nresources and tools
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.29,0:02:48.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to translate my idea into reality,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.80,0:02:51.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but nonetheless, my research experience
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.64,0:02:55.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really planted in my a firm desire\Nto use sensors to help the elderly people.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.47,0:02:58.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I really believed that sensors\Ncould improve the quality of life
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.32,0:03:01.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the elderly.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.36,0:03:04.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I laid out my plan, I realized\Nthat I faced three main challenges:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.62,0:03:06.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first, creating a sensor;
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.19,0:03:07.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,second, design a circuit;
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.77,0:03:09.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and third, coding a smartphone app.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.91,0:03:13.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This made me realize that my project\Nwas actually much harder to realize
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.07,0:03:15.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than I initially had thought it to be.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.41,0:03:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, I had to create a wearable sensor\Nthat was thin and flexible enough\N
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.55,0:03:21.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be worn comfortably\Non the bottom of the patient's foot.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.15,0:03:24.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After extensive research and testing\Nof different materials like rubber,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.24,0:03:27.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I realized was too thick to be worn\Nsnugly on the bottom of the foot,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.74,0:03:30.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I decided to print a film sensor\Nwith electrically conducted
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.39,0:03:32.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pressure sensitive ink particles.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.64,0:03:36.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once pressure is applied, the connectivity\Nbetween the particles increases.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.29,0:03:38.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Therefore, I could design a circuit\Nthat would measure pressure
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.84,0:03:41.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by measuring electrical resistance.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.49,0:03:44.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Next, I had to design\Na wearable wireless circuit,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.37,0:03:47.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but wireless [???] transmission\Nconsumes lots of power
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.34,0:03:49.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and requires heavy, bulky batteries.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.52,0:03:52.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thankfully, I was able to find out\Nabout the blue tooth energy technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.75,0:03:57.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which consumes very little power\Nand can be driven by a coin-sized battery.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.53,0:04:00.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This prevented the system\Nfrom dying in the middle of the night.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.41,0:04:03.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lastly, I had to code a smartphone app\Nthat would essentially transform
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.31,0:04:06.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the care-giver's smartphone\Ninto a remote monitor.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.24,0:04:07.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For this, I had to expand upon
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.63,0:04:09.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my knowledge of coding\Nwith Java and S Code,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.77,0:04:13.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I also had to learn about how\Nto encode for bluetooth energy devices
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.13,0:04:16.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by watching YouTube tutorials\Nand reading various textbooks.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.71,0:04:20.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Integrating these components, I was able\Nto successfully create two prototypes,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.89,0:04:23.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one in which the sensor\Nis embedded inside a sock,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.47,0:04:25.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and another that's\Na re-attachable sensor assembly
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.60,0:04:27.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can be adhered anywhere\Nthat makes contact
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.67,0:04:29.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the bottom of the patient's foot.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.85,0:04:32.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've tested the device on my grandfather\Nfor about a year now,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.52,0:04:36.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's had a 100 percent success rate\Nin detecting the over 900 known cases
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.42,0:04:38.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of his wandering.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.63,0:04:41.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Last summer, I was able\Nto beta test my device
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.32,0:04:44.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at several residential\Ncare facilities in California,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.18,0:04:47.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm currently incorporating\Nthe feedback to further improve the device
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.08,0:04:49.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into a marketable product.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.19,0:04:51.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Testing the device on a number of patients
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.12,0:04:53.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made me realize that I need\Nto invent solutions
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.35,0:04:56.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for people who didn't want\Nto wear socks to sleep at night.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.92,0:04:59.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So sensor data, collected\Non a vast number of patients,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.62,0:05:02.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can be useful for improving patient care
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.36,0:05:05.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and also leading to a cure\Nfor the disease, possibly.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.45,0:05:06.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, I'm currently examining
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.84,0:05:09.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,correlations between the frequency\Nof a patient's nightly wandering
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.93,0:05:12.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and his or her daily activities and diet.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.71,0:05:16.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One thing I'll never forget\Nis when my device first caught
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.62,0:05:19.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my grandfather's wandering\Nout of bed at night.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.12,0:05:22.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that moment, I was really struck\Nby the power of the technology
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.23,0:05:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to change lives for the better.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.16,0:05:26.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People living happily and healthfully:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.25,0:05:28.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the world that I imagine.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.22,0:05:33.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)