[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.39,0:00:17.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.56,0:00:21.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Good morning, that was beautiful.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.52,0:00:23.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, right before Fred Rogers died,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.74,0:00:28.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his team had actually contacted me
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.09,0:00:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to try to present the case
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.08,0:00:36.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for why television should keep\Nat the pace of Mr. Rogers' neighborhood.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.53,0:00:41.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we were about to plan that whole thing\Nand then he passed away.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.77,0:00:46.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it was an amazing thing\Nto think about the generations of people
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.25,0:00:48.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have learned\Nto understand their feelings,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.80,0:00:51.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make them mentionable and manageable.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.74,0:00:53.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I'm going to talk to you today
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.60,0:00:58.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is about how schools\Ncan combine with technology
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.95,0:01:03.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the way of promoting self-regulation.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.27,0:01:09.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm going to do this with no slides,\Nbut with one model of the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.12,0:01:14.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you reach under your chairs,\Nglued underneath there you'll find,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.52,0:01:19.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you reach in there, pull out your hand\Nand take your hand model, there,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.55,0:01:23.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and put your thumb in the middle,\Nand put your fingers over the top.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.52,0:01:24.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a very
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.53,0:01:26.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- my daughter never wants me\Nto say this but -
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.68,0:01:28.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a handy model of the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.12,0:01:30.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's oriented like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.51,0:01:33.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're going to talk about the connection\Namong three things.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.77,0:01:37.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are going to talk about this brain\Nthat's in your head,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.39,0:01:39.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that has the face over here,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.51,0:01:42.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and has a top of the brain,\Nthe lower parts of the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.30,0:01:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The part of the brain connected\Nto the whole body
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.00,0:01:49.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comes through the spinal cord,\Nin addition to some other ways.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.08,0:01:51.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This brain sits in your body -
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.05,0:01:53.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are going to talk\Nabout the brain and the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.43,0:01:57.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are also going to talk about the mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.11,0:01:59.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is different from the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.04,0:02:02.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we are going to talk about the mind
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.93,0:02:05.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and its connection\Nto the brain and the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.49,0:02:07.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we are going\Nto talk about the third thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.43,0:02:10.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is, we are going\Nto talk about relationships.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.14,0:02:12.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So those three things\Nwe're going to cover today:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.54,0:02:16.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talking about relationships,\Nthe mind, and the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.33,0:02:18.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you really think\Nabout this for a while,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.97,0:02:22.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can come up with some fascinating ways
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.78,0:02:28.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where you can understand how,\Nfor example, Mr. Rogers television show
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.26,0:02:33.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,experienced by a young child\Nwithin a family setting
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.12,0:02:36.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could actually promote\Nsomething called self-regulation.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.60,0:02:40.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, we'll have to talk\Nabout what is regulation,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.76,0:02:44.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we'll have to even address\Nthe question of what is the self.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.79,0:02:49.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So for me, whenever we use a word,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.04,0:02:51.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to make sure we understand\Nwhat we mean by it,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.82,0:02:55.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we have a shared understanding\Nif we are going to do something about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.38,0:02:59.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, how did Mr. Rogers\Ncreate the experience
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.59,0:03:04.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where kids can learn that feelings\Nare mentionable and they're manageable?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.06,0:03:06.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How did he do that?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.09,0:03:09.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, when you think about how he did it,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.53,0:03:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you come up\Nwith this really fundamental way
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.76,0:03:17.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that schools, in fact,\Ncan embrace the wisdom
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.04,0:03:19.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Mr. Rogers had for all of us,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.23,0:03:21.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and teach not only reading,\Nwriting, arithmetic
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.80,0:03:23.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- very important 3 Rs -
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.50,0:03:25.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but another 3 Rs\NI'm going to suggest to you,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.62,0:03:27.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are the core of my talk,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.77,0:03:32.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is reflection, first extra R,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.75,0:03:35.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relationships, the next R,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.64,0:03:39.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the third one is resilience.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.63,0:03:43.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because when you build\Na certain kind of approach to reflection,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.03,0:03:47.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kids actually develop the capacity\Nto mention their feelings
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.64,0:03:51.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to then be able to manage them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.27,0:03:54.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exactly what Mr. Rogers said\Nwe ought to be able to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.50,0:03:57.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's the basis\Nof the emotional intelligence actually,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.77,0:04:01.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's the basis, as you'll see\Nin the moment, of social intelligence,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.24,0:04:04.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because when you understand\Nyour own feelings
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.04,0:04:05.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and learn to manage them,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.89,0:04:08.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you actually can understand other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.77,0:04:10.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's actually incredible.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.25,0:04:13.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this reflective ability\Nis something schools can teach.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.98,0:04:16.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the next R.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.74,0:04:18.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What about relationships?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.49,0:04:21.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're going to see that this brain\Nwe're going to get into in a moment
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.78,0:04:25.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has the capacity to make relationships\Nwork really well,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.78,0:04:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and people actually thrive\Nand feel good about themselves
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.78,0:04:30.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and good about others.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.25,0:04:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you develop kindness\Nand compassion toward yourself
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.53,0:04:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- really an important place to start -
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.48,0:04:37.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and kindness and compassion toward others.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.76,0:04:44.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this R of relationship really looks\Nat all the research on well-being
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.19,0:04:46.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and says, you know, "The number one factor
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.64,0:04:50.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether you're looking\Nat mental health, physiologic health,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.53,0:04:54.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,medical health, longevity or happiness,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.50,0:04:58.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the number one factor
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.12,0:05:03.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in all those studies is relationships.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.50,0:05:06.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How we have connections,\Npositive connections with other people
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.77,0:05:08.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the best predictor of all those things.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.78,0:05:10.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, if you study wisdom,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.76,0:05:15.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you find that wisdom is based\Non having these positive relationships.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.51,0:05:18.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You probably have heard\Nof these amazing studies
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.96,0:05:23.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which show that when you are given,\Nlet's say, 20 dollars,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.01,0:05:26.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you're asked to spend it on yourself
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.79,0:05:30.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or give it in the service of someone else,\Ngifted to someone else,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.30,0:05:34.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the circuits in your brain\Nthat show you did the right thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.67,0:05:38.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these reward circuits driven\Nby a transmitter called dopamine,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.54,0:05:42.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they get active when you give\Nto someone else,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.27,0:05:43.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which goes along with the study
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.81,0:05:45.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that when you give\Nin service of other people,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.97,0:05:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're actually happier yourself.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.98,0:05:51.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you want to be happier,\Nactually think about someone else.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.01,0:05:52.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the lesson from that.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.43,0:05:54.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So relationships in schools\Ncan teach all that.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.77,0:05:56.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's the relationship part.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.77,0:06:00.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And now the resilience we're going\Nto get into when we talk about the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.46,0:06:03.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But let's take our hand model out\Nand let's look at it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.05,0:06:05.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to watch my watch
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.16,0:06:08.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because part of how I'm going\Nto manage myself is time.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.47,0:06:11.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I think I've been going for,\NI would guess, 5 minutes,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.78,0:06:14.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I need my timer to tell me;\Nthere's my timer right there.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.69,0:06:16.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beautiful. I guessed it right.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.30,0:06:18.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're going to do\Nthis hand model of the brain,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.49,0:06:20.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm going to teach you all\Nhow to do this.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.02,0:06:24.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is something that in schools\Nthat I work with,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.48,0:06:30.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we teach kids, starting in kindergarten\Nabout this hand model of the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.02,0:06:34.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're going to see\Nthat it can be very useful to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.50,0:06:37.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When kids go towards adolescence,\Ntheir brain changes a lot,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.79,0:06:40.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they really need to know\Nabout their brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.29,0:06:42.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's take the hand model out.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.28,0:06:45.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And put your thumb in the middle\Nand curl your fingers over the top.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.31,0:06:47.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is orientation of the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.06,0:06:50.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's do the parts\Nand let's think about the question
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.02,0:06:52.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we get into these brain parts.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.63,0:06:55.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why, if we're talking\Nabout self-regulation,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.50,0:06:59.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would we care about the parts\Nof the brain?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.71,0:07:04.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what does a relationship\Nhas to do with the brain anyway?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.24,0:07:08.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if self-regulation\Nis really a mental function,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.74,0:07:12.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the self\Nis really part of your mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.25,0:07:17.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then is the mind just the brain,\Nor is it something else?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.55,0:07:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So these are the kinds of things we need\Nto really think deeply about.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.50,0:07:25.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the world I work in,\Nit's called interpersonal neurobiology.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.07,0:07:28.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We actually deeply dive\Ninto these scientific questions
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.54,0:07:34.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by combining all the fields of science\Nthat exist into one perspective.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.49,0:07:37.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's called interpersonal neurobiology.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.30,0:07:41.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The brain is a good place\Nto start looking at this,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.30,0:07:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because believe it or not, it's actually\Nthe simplest of all that stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.80,0:07:46.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's go through it.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.02,0:07:48.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, you have the spinal cord,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.61,0:07:52.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is basically\Na collection of cells, neurons,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.14,0:07:56.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that allow energy and information\Nto flow from the body itself,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.40,0:07:58.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the signals coming up.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.11,0:08:01.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The spinal cord and also a nerve\Ncalled the vagus nerve,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.82,0:08:03.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they all bring stuff from the body
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.78,0:08:07.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,up into the skull part\Nof the nervous system.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.23,0:08:10.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some people call that the head brain,\Nsome people just call it the brain,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.67,0:08:13.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but actually you have a brain\Naround your heart,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.30,0:08:15.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you have a brain\Naround your intestine.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.74,0:08:18.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the word brain when I use it\Nmeans the whole body
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.63,0:08:21.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how it processes information\Nthrough the flow of energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.77,0:08:24.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's basically\Nthe biological understanding
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.55,0:08:26.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of what we mean by the nervous system.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.97,0:08:29.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the head brain\Nis what we're going to focus on now,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.55,0:08:33.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's really the most studied\Nof all these brain parts.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.66,0:08:35.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you get up\Ninto the head part of the brain,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.91,0:08:39.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you lift up your fingers\Nand lift up your thumb,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.51,0:08:41.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you arrive at the first part\Nof the nervous system,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.94,0:08:44.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first in the sense it's the deepest,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.99,0:08:48.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first in the sense that\Nwhen you're in your mother's womb,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.02,0:08:51.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's the first to develop in utero,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.36,0:08:55.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and first also meaning\Nit's the first we evolved to have.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.76,0:08:58.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's over 3 hundred million years old.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.77,0:09:01.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's the old reptilian brain,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.06,0:09:04.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,having collections of neurons\Ncalled nuclei
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.28,0:09:07.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are responsible for things like -
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.04,0:09:09.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.26,0:09:11.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a good example.\NLet's take another pause.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.59,0:09:14.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's all turn our telephone off
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.26,0:09:16.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and make sure\Nthat if they are going to vibrate,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.54,0:09:19.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have it near your body,\Nnot sitting next to your neighbor.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.50,0:09:22.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You turn the sound off,\Nbecause that's another thing that happens;
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.62,0:09:24.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technology, if you haven't noticed,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.42,0:09:28.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,invades whatever context\Nyou're trying to create.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.07,0:09:32.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And rather than technology running us,\Nwe should run technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.75,0:09:35.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's really, really important,\Nbecause these things just take off -
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.94,0:09:39.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was just walking home\Nfrom the local school we have,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.100,0:09:42.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I saw a mom carrying
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.14,0:09:45.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her year-and-a half- year-old child\Nin her arms,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.61,0:09:49.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,texting for two and a half blocks,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.54,0:09:53.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and missing the opportunity\Nto connect with her child
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.54,0:09:58.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because she allowed technology\Nto intrude on her relationship.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.27,0:10:01.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You probably know from the studies\Nof the University of Washington
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.38,0:10:05.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by Andy Meltzoff and Patricia Kuhl\Nthat the technology called "Baby" -
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.24,0:10:06.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it doesn't matter what it's called.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.94,0:10:08.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was technology that said,\N
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.80,0:10:14.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"You can have your child develop faster\Nin their brain and language
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.24,0:10:16.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you show these videos,"
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.21,0:10:18.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they showed it was just the opposite,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.49,0:10:25.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because relationships\Nare what stimulate growth and learning.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.06,0:10:26.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we use technology, that's fine,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.79,0:10:30.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but if you replace relationships\Nwith technology, this study demonstrated,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.59,0:10:33.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you get just the opposite\Nof what you want to get.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.09,0:10:36.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we have to actually be present fully,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.32,0:10:39.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and check out what's happening\Nin the environment,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.05,0:10:40.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not pollute it with technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.79,0:10:43.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or not pollute it\Nwith actual chemical pollutants, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.80,0:10:45.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,OK, so now we're in the brainstem.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.47,0:10:49.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The brainstem is going\Nto keep us awake and alert,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.50,0:10:51.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it has those nuclei that do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.96,0:10:55.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The brainstems are also going to have\Nthe fight-flight-freeze reaction.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.60,0:10:58.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you have\Na lot of competing things going on,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.04,0:11:02.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can have a very agitated,\Nfearful reaction to that,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.18,0:11:03.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like it's threatening,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.23,0:11:05.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you can have a fight reaction to that,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.23,0:11:06.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you can freeze.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.52,0:11:10.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's even a fourth option,\Nwhich is total collapse.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.25,0:11:13.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It has its advantages\Nin lots of different ways,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.02,0:11:14.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and depending on the situation,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.51,0:11:16.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that's what the brainstems\Nare all about -
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.67,0:11:19.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very old impulses that are created.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.37,0:11:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you put your thumb over the top,\Nthis is the part of the brain
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.00,0:11:26.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- we have two thumbs for it to be ideal,\Nbut most of us have just one thumb -
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.64,0:11:30.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is a...I say that because\NI once gave this lecture
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.49,0:11:33.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I didn't give that exception,\Nand someone said,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.51,0:11:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I went to a gas station,\Nsomeone had two thumbs."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.52,0:11:38.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want to honor that.\NSo most of us have one.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.82,0:11:40.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.31,0:11:42.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's left and right side\Nonce you get up there.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.55,0:11:43.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the limbic area.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.82,0:11:47.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It developed 200 million years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.08,0:11:51.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it also is the second area\Nto begin developing in utero.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.05,0:11:53.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That goes like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.29,0:11:56.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To demonstrate how this works up,\NLewis, why don't you come up?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.28,0:12:00.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to invite a 13-year-old boy,\Nwho is going to present to you later on.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.11,0:12:02.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lewis, come on, say hi to everybody.\NLewis: Hey.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.38,0:12:05.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Daniel Siegel: Come on, step\Non that little red carpet. Thanks, Lewis.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.75,0:12:06.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,L: You're welcome.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.62,0:12:09.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DS: Have I talked to you\Nabout the brain before?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.26,0:12:10.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,L: No. DS: No.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.04,0:12:12.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm going to teach you\Na little bit about the brain,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.71,0:12:15.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I want to show that -\NLewis is very bright,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.19,0:12:18.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you can teach this to 13-year-olds\Nwhose brains are also changing.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.76,0:12:20.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's do the hand model. Very good.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.75,0:12:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's what happens, Lewis:
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.04,0:12:25.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this limbic area helps you\Nwork with the brainstem
Dialogue: 0,0:12:25.24,0:12:27.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to create your emotions.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.22,0:12:31.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It actually works closely with other areas\Nto create various forms of memory.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.78,0:12:33.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you feel close to your mom?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.55,0:12:34.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,L: Yeah. DS: Yeah, great.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.76,0:12:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is the part that lets you\Nfeel connected to her, OK?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.98,0:12:41.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now put your fingers\Nover the top like that. Right.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.26,0:12:44.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a part\Nthat actually is going to grow
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.05,0:12:47.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once you come out of your mom's belly,\Nout of her womb.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.53,0:12:53.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is a part that's very much shaped\Nby the experiences you have.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.01,0:12:54.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.98,0:12:57.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is called the cortex;\Nit's the outer part of the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.81,0:12:58.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the back here.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.70,0:13:01.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Turn your head sideways.\NWe'll use it as a demo. Right there.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.59,0:13:03.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is the back part\Nof the brain like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.84,0:13:07.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The back part of your brain in general\Nrepresents the outside world.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.55,0:13:10.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's all sorts of layers to it\Nand it makes maps to the outside world.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.99,0:13:12.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very good. And then -
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.10,0:13:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:13:14.00,0:13:15.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You are one handsome guy.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.51,0:13:18.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this front part of the brain here\Nis called your frontal cortex.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.74,0:13:21.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It allows you to think and reflect.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.27,0:13:23.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we're talking about reflections,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.11,0:13:26.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is the part of the brain\Nthat actually lets you be able
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.79,0:13:30.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to manage and mention your emotions.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.77,0:13:32.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isn't that cool? L: That's really cool.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.76,0:13:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DS: So the kinds of things\Nthat you do in your mental life,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.98,0:13:38.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like the mind basically is -
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.79,0:13:41.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know like you're playing a game,\Nwhen you feel excited?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.86,0:13:45.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's sensation you call\Nsubjective experience,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.23,0:13:47.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's a part of what the mind is.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.09,0:13:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you notice sometimes\Nyou can be aware of some things,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.00,0:13:51.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sometimes you're not aware of things?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.97,0:13:55.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,L: Yeah. DS: Yes. So, awareness is also\Npart of what the mind does.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.26,0:13:58.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the third thing the mind does\Nis it helps regulate
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.98,0:14:02.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how all this information flow\Nis happening in your awareness,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.87,0:14:04.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in your subjective experience,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.35,0:14:06.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even in how you communicate it\Nto other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.77,0:14:09.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the reason we're talking\Nabout reflection
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.29,0:14:14.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- reflection, when you look inward,\Nwhat I call time-in,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.02,0:14:15.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,develops this part of the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.75,0:14:18.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, take a look at these\Ntwo middle finger nails there.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.47,0:14:22.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is part of an area called\Nthe prefrontal cortex. Look at me.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.03,0:14:25.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's right behind your forehead,\Nright there.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.49,0:14:27.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lift up your finger and put it back down.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.76,0:14:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do you notice is kind of unique
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.58,0:14:32.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about anatomical position\Nof these two middle finger nails?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.49,0:14:35.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,L: That’s right under the thumb.\NDS: Exactly!
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.70,0:14:37.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's right under the thumb,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.18,0:14:41.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is the part of your brain\Nthat actually allows the cortex
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.07,0:14:43.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go to that thumb area\Ncalled the limbic area.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.83,0:14:46.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And notice is it also\Nnear your palm? L: Mhm.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.82,0:14:51.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DS: Yes, so it also connects the brainstem\Nto take information from the body, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.27,0:14:55.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it comes up your spinal cord,\Nup your brain stem, to your limbic area,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.27,0:14:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially in your right side\Nof the brain,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.29,0:14:58.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and goes right to that area.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:58.66,0:15:01.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's the cool thing. Watch me.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.02,0:15:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.76,0:15:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What did you feel\Nwhen I was doing that? L: Sad.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:10.54,0:15:12.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DS: Sad, very good. Excellent.\NL: Then happy.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.68,0:15:15.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DS: Then happy,\Nbecause we're goofing, right? L: Yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:15.21,0:15:18.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DS: So the sad thing, this part\Nof your brain actually lets you
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.24,0:15:21.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pick up what's going on\Ninside of my nervous system.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:21.67,0:15:23.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isn't that amazing? L: Yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.07,0:15:27.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DS: So we have a relationship,\Nbecause I'm going to send energy to you,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:27.51,0:15:31.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this part of the brain, right there,\Nwhich is right here behind your forehead,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.36,0:15:34.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's going to take in\Nwhat's going on in me,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.03,0:15:37.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it takes in what's going on in your body,\Nlike your heart, your intestines,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.59,0:15:40.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it takes in what's going on\Nin your brainstem, your limbic area,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:40.68,0:15:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what goes on\Nthroughout your whole cortex.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:43.58,0:15:48.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it takes these separate things\Nand it pulls them together.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:48.96,0:15:50.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, you know what the word we use
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.82,0:15:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for its taking separate\Nand putting together those?
Dialogue: 0,0:15:53.56,0:15:56.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,L: No. DS: Integration. L: Aha.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:56.03,0:15:59.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DS: So here's what this area does:\Nit integrates everything.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:59.53,0:16:04.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It integrates your body, your brainstem,\Nyour limbic area, your cortex,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:04.43,0:16:06.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even your relationships\Nwith other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.97,0:16:10.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when you reflect on things,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.03,0:16:13.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you have relationships where,\Nlike, two people honor each other,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.69,0:16:17.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then care about each other\Nwith connections and communication,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:17.76,0:16:19.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we call that an integrated relationship.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:19.68,0:16:22.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's the amazing take home message\Nfor you and for everybody:
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.100,0:16:24.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you have reflection,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:25.50,0:16:29.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you have relationships\Nthat are caring and connecting,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.51,0:16:36.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you actually stimulate the growth\Nof the integrative fibers in the brain,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:36.88,0:16:40.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these are the fibers\Nthat allow you to have resilience.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.53,0:16:44.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the key to this whole thing is -
Dialogue: 0,0:16:44.61,0:16:48.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know you have been experiencing\Nvideo games, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:48.30,0:16:51.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,L: Oh, yeah. DS: And you've learned -\Nyou watch this.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:51.26,0:16:56.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This part of the brain allows you\Nto be regulating your impulses.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:56.24,0:16:58.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Does that sound familiar,\Ncontrolling your impulses?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:58.74,0:16:59.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,L: Yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:59.76,0:17:01.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DS: It allows you to do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:01.54,0:17:04.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It allows you to actually be aware\Nof your feelings.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:04.80,0:17:07.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It allows you to be aware\Nof other people's feelings,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:07.39,0:17:08.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and understand them.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:08.40,0:17:09.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It allows you to be moral,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:09.66,0:17:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think about what's good for everyone,\Nincluding the planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:12.53,0:17:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It allows you to actually have intuition.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:14.86,0:17:19.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It allows you to know\Nwhere you've been in the past,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:19.53,0:17:22.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where you are right now,\Nwhere you'll go in the future,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.17,0:17:24.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and allows you to tune in on other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:24.94,0:17:28.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That you get by reflecting\Non the inner world,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:28.27,0:17:31.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being able to mention\Nand manage your feelings.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:31.27,0:17:35.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It allows you to develop it when you have\Nthe relationships that are supportive,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:35.80,0:17:37.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like with teachers and with parents.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.78,0:17:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it allows you to develop all this\Nso you're resilient.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:42.00,0:17:44.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's what I say about schools.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:44.76,0:17:48.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a policy that they say,\N"No child left behind".
Dialogue: 0,0:17:48.56,0:17:50.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I say we should have
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.26,0:17:54.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a policy where we have reflection,\Nrelationships, and resilience,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.55,0:17:57.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's no prefrontal cortex left behind.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:57.27,0:17:58.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:17:58.50,0:17:59.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How does that sound?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.83,0:18:02.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,L: That sounds better\Nthan "No child left behind".
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.20,0:18:04.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DS: There you go, good.\NThank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:04.41,0:18:05.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.74,0:18:08.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you so much. You are so cool.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:08.04,0:18:09.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,L: You too, man. Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.89,0:18:11.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)