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[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(OFF) Thanks very much...
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(David Price) This is the \N........ - shrinking (check) presentation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was originally 25 minutes,\Nlast night it was 23,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now it's 22.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've got a 45-minute presentation,\NI'm just going to speak twice as quickly.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, I'm only kidding, it's only \N20 -- 22 minutes.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I've got to think of the time \Nto make sure I don't go over.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,About four moths ago, I was diagnosed\Nwith cancer of the colon.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what was it? Seven weeks ago,\NI had the operation
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which kind of went OK, \Ngot rid of the tumor,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when the colon got reconnected,\Nit sprung a leak
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I got a thing called sepsis, \Nwhich I later discovered,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is fatal in 60% of the cases.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What essentially happens with sepsis is
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the organs start to pack in, \None after the other, so
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my heart was fibrillating, I lost --\Nkidneys stopped working,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lungs stopped working, so they\Npumped me on a ventilator.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And my wife Claire (check)\Nwho is here somewhere
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was told to bring the family around, \Nbecause they didn't expect me
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get through the week-end.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As you can see, I survived, and this is\Nactually the first talk I've given
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,since I was in intensive care.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was in intensive care for a week.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, when a sick -- no, no honest\N(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when I say I'm delighted to be here,\NI'm not just being polite.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(laughter)
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm talking existentially \Nrather than conversationally.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I wanted to start with that story\Nbecause, in that process of the journey
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from diagnosis to operation,\NI met with some remarkable people:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on forums and ingress (check) groups,\Nbut I also visited and interviewed people.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I interviewed some people \Nin the Netherlands
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are treating their loved ones,\Nwho've got end-stage cancer.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are lay people, computer technicians
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who, frankly, conventional medicine\Nhas given up, they're stage 4,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they said there is nothing more we can do,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they're administering \Nendovenous cocktails of drugs.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of which are approved, \Nsome of which are off-patent,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of which are off-label (check).
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I visited a clinic, here in Germany,\Nwhich I can't name, because
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they kind of operate in the shadows\Nin fear that they'll be closed down.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what it seemed to me,\Nonce I looked beyond health
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that this is a phenomenon \Nwhich is happening
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in all kinds of areas of public life.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That we're seeing what I call \Npeople-powered innovation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think it's a real challenge for\Ninstitutions and organizations.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, why is it important?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it's important because it's\Nkind of a natural consequence
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the issues I talk about \Nin my book "Open".
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where, now that we're able to share\Nand exchange knowledge,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're now at a point where \Nwe want to do something about it,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we want now to be more in control\Nof our own lives.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I think it's particularly important\Nfor the people who are in this room today:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,educators and human resource people. 3:05
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because one of the things I was seeing\Nis a major shift in the way
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which we accredit knowledge\Nand competencies.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know if any of you have read\NPhillip Brown's excellent book
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called "Tne Global Auction", but he talks \Nabout how our graduates are facing
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a high-skilled low-income future,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because of globalization \Nand a whole range of other issues.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And recently, Laszlo Bock who is in charge\Nof People Operations at Google said this
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Your degree is not a proxy for your \Nability to any job.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"The world only case about \N-- and pays off on --
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"what you can do with what you know
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"(and it doesn't care how you learned it)"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So my point, I guess, is that \Nunless we change the product,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we risk being disintermediated.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By that, I mean, learners \Ncan find other ways
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get the knowledge and skills \Nthat they need.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And let's face it, the product hasn't \Nreally changed much in decades.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'd -- obvious that the best way \Nto stay relevant
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to involve users \Nin the process of innovation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is what I mean by \Npeople-powered innovation,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,users lead users, accelerate innovation
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by either advocating for new products or \Nservices,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tinkering with existing products and \Nservices,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or creating new products and services\Nfrom scratch.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's my kind of working definition,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,based partly on Eric von Hippel's \Ndefinition of people-powered innovation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's some examples.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The potato crisp, the home-baked (check) \Npotato crisp
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was invented in 1853 by a chef \Ncalled George Crum,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who worked at a restaurant in Saratoga.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now he gets the credit for inventing it,\Nbut I think it should go to
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the disgruntled diner in that restaurant\Nwho kept sending the potatoes back, said
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they were too thickly sliced.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this kept going backwards and forwards
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and eventually George Crum got really\Npissed off about this
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and cooked them as thin as he could,\Nburning them to a crisp,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,smothered them in salt \Nand then sent them out.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the diner loved it.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So he thought, oh, we're on to \Nsomething here
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he didn't take out a patent: in fact,\Nnone of these examples have been patented.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, 1853, we've always had \Npeople-powered innovation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, you could argue that up until\Nthe Industrial Revolution,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's all we had, we had \Npeople-powered innovation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you bring it \Na little more up to date
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know if you know \Nthe story of the skateboard
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it was something that surfers, facing \Na wind the way they couldn't surf,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was the best kind of substitute.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they took a pair of roller-skates, \Nchopped them in two,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,put wheels on either end of a plank of wood,\Nand you had a skateboard.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the skateboard industry is now worth\N$4.8 billion a year,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a similar story happened \Nwith the mountain bike.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was basically cannibalized from \Nother forms of bikes
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and developed entirely by users.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To bring it even more up to date,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know if you're aware \Nof this thing called Patreon?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's been set up by Jack Conte\Nwho is a musician.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Certainly, he wouldn't have thought \Nof himself as a kind of entrepreneur
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it kind of recreates \Nin the digital age
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the 18th century notion of patronage\Nfor artists.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you pay up artists, \Nbecause you like their work.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it has been a hugely successful \Nventure for Jack.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then one of the few companies\Nthat have really latched onto
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people-powered innovation \Nat a very early stage
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is Proctor & Gamble, who have developed \Na thing called Connect and Develop
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that service now, \Nwhich brings in innovation
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from outside of the organization,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that constitutes about half \Nof all their innovations.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So much so that Proctor & Gamble say:\N"Proudly found elsewhere."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's their motto.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I wonder how many of us who work\Nin universities could say the same thing,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or how many of us who are \Nlearning officers in companies.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, where do we see \Npeople-powered innovation?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, you can go to any maker space (check)\Nand you'll see it,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,visit forums or interest groups,\Neven groups like Anonymous,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whatever you may think \Nof their philosophy,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can't deny their ingenuity\Nand innovation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I've looked at a number of examples
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I've identified \Nfour common characteristics.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to quickly go through them.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first is need, the second is "Jugaad"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,..... (check) if it's not a familiar term to you.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The third is the hacker ethic \Nand the fourth is the sense of agency.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right. Very quick examples.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a cliché, but it's a cliché \Nfor a reason,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that invention is indeed the mother\Nof necessity.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you get people-powered innovation\Nwhere the need is greatest.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's no accident that some of the\Nmost innovative things that we now see
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now are happening in the developed world\Nin slums and favelas.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So 85% of mobile transactions \Nhave actually originated
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in developing countries.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And 50% of them were created by users.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you think about it, that kind of\Npaved the way for things like
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Apple Pay and Samsung Wallet.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first use of mobile banking\Nwas actually in the Philippines,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what people did there was to take\Npay-as-you-go top-up vouchers,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,take the code from them, text them\Nto their friends and families
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in other parts of the Philippines, and\Nthey used it as a kind of currency.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they are not just turning air time \Ninto money,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're turning shit into money too.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[To you it may be SHIT, To us it is MONEY\N"Shit Business is Serious Business"]
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a genuine sign, \NI didn't make this up
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it says, if you can't read the bottom\Nit says
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Shit Business is Serious Business".
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a guy in Lagos in Nigeria \Nwho is
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-- and Lagos has a big \Npublic health problem
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because people are using \Nthe streets as toilet --
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there is a graphic artist \Ncalled Isaac Agbetusin
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who invented a thing that he called\Nthe Dignified Mobile Toilet.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They look like the kind of Portaloos \Nthat you see on building sites
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he's designed it, built it, \Ndelivers it to communities
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then he charges people 10 cents\Nto use them.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that's only part of the story, because\Nthen the waste is collected
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and turned into biogas which is sold\Nto energy companies. 9:18