WEBVTT

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Эта история началась в 1985 году,

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когда в 22-летним возрасте

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я стал Чемпионом мира по шахматам,

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победив Анатолия Карпова.

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Ещё раньше в том же году

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я проводил так называемый
сеанс одновременной игры

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против 32 лучших в мире
вычислительных машин

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в Гамбурге в Германии.

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Я выиграл все матчи,

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и в то время никому не казалось
чем-то удивительным то,

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что я смог выиграть
у 32 компьютеров одновременно.

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Для меня это было золотое время.

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(Смех)

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Машины играли слабо,

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а волосы держались крепко.

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(Смех)

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Но уже 12 годами позже

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я играл не на жизнь, а на смерть
против одного единственного компьютера

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в матче,

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названном на обложке «Newsweek»

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«Последний шанс разума».

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Ненавязчиво так.

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(Смех)

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От мифологии до научной фантастики

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поединок человека против машины

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часто представляется,
как вопрос жизни и смерти.

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Джон Генри,

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«стальной молоток»,

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легендарный афро-американский
супергерой XIX века,

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соревновавшийся с паровым молотом

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в пробивании тоннеля в скале.

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Легенда о Джоне Генри —
часть давней традиции

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противопоставления человека технологиям.

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Эта риторика соперничества
доминирует и по сей день.

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Мы учавствуем в гонке против машин,

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это противоборство, если не война.

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Нас лишают работы.

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Людей заменяют, как будто
они уже исчезли с лица Земли.

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Достаточно подумать, что такие фильмы,
как «Терминатор» или «Матрица»,

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стали реальностью.

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Есть лишь немного областей,

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где тело и разум человека
могут на равных соперничать

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с компьютером или роботом.

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Мне бы хотелось, чтобы их было больше.

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Вместо этого

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я оказался одновременно
благословлён и проклят,

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став олицетворением поражения

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в противоборстве человека и машины,

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о котором говорят до сих пор.

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В самом знаменитом после Джона Генри
поединке человека с машиной

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я сыграл два матча

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против Deep Blue — суперкомпьютера IBM.

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Никто уже не помнит,
что первый матч я выиграл.

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(Смех)

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(Аплодисменты)

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Это было в Филадельфии, до проиграша
на следующий год в Нью-Йорке.

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Думаю, это справедливо.

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