[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.18,0:00:04.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This story begins in 1985,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.22,0:00:06.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when at age 22,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.16,0:00:08.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I became the world chess champion
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.71,0:00:12.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after beating Anatoly Karpov.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.64,0:00:13.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Earlier that year,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.99,0:00:17.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I played what is called\Nsimultaneous exhibition
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.59,0:00:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against 32 of the world's\Nbest chess playing machines
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.00,0:00:24.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Hamburg, Germany.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.18,0:00:26.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I won all the games,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.39,0:00:29.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then it was not considered\Nmuch of a surprise
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.69,0:00:34.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I could beat 32 computers\Nat the same time.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.75,0:00:37.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To me, that was the golden age.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.29,0:00:39.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.85,0:00:41.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machines were weak,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.67,0:00:43.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my hair was strong.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.68,0:00:46.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.03,0:00:49.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just 12 years later,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.08,0:00:53.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was fighting for my life\Nagainst just one computer
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.71,0:00:55.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a match
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.04,0:00:57.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called by the cover of Newsweek
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.68,0:00:59.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"The Brain's Last Stand."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.57,0:01:00.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No pressure.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.97,0:01:03.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.14,0:01:06.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From mythology to science fiction,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.02,0:01:08.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,human versus machine
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.44,0:01:12.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has been often portrayed\Nas a matter of life and death.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.27,0:01:15.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,John Henry called the steel-driving man
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.61,0:01:19.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the 19th century\NAfrican American folk legend
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.39,0:01:20.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was pitted in a race
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.89,0:01:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against steam-powered hammer
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.75,0:01:27.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bashing a tunnel through mountain rock.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.25,0:01:31.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,John Henry's legend is a part\Nof a long historical narrative
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.88,0:01:36.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pitting humanity versus technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.03,0:01:39.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this competitive rhetoric\Nis standard now.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.84,0:01:42.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are in a race against the machines,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.45,0:01:46.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a fight or even in a war.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.15,0:01:47.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Jobs are being killed off.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.78,0:01:51.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People are being replaced\Nas if they had vanished from the Earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.90,0:01:55.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's enough to think that the movies\Nlike "The Terminator" or "The Matrix"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.99,0:01:58.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are nonfiction.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.18,0:02:05.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are very few instances in an arena
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.58,0:02:09.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the human body and mind\Ncan compete on equal terms
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.72,0:02:12.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a computer or a robot.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.45,0:02:14.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, I wish there were a few more.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.84,0:02:22.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead, it was my blessing and my curse
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.97,0:02:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to literally become the proverbial man
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.50,0:02:28.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the man versus machine competition
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.58,0:02:33.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that everybody is still talking about.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.36,0:02:38.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a most famous human-machine\Ncompetition since John Henry,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.43,0:02:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I played two matches
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.00,0:02:44.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against the IBM supercomputer Deep Blue.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.54,0:02:49.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody remembers\Nthat I won the first match --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.76,0:02:51.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.60,0:02:57.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause) --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.75,0:03:00.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Philadelphia, before losing the rematch\Nthe following year in New York.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.85,0:03:04.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I guess that's fair.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.29,0:03:09.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is no day in history\Nspecial calendar entry
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.84,0:03:13.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for all the people who failed\Nto climb Mt. Everest
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.35,0:03:16.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before Sir Edmund Hillary\Nand Tenzing Norgay
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.03,0:03:18.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made it to the top.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in 1997, I was still\Nthe world champion
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when chess computers finally came of age.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was Mt. Everest,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Deep Blue reached the summit.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I should stay of course,\Nnot that Deep Blue did it,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but its human creators --
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anantharaman, Campbell, Hoane, Hsu.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hats off to them.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As always, machine's triumph\Nwas a human triumph,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something we tend to forget when humans\Nare surpassed by our own creations.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Deep Blue was victorious,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but was it intelligent?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, no it wasn't,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at least not in the way Alan Turing\Nand other founders of computer science
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had hoped.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turned out that chess could be\Ncrunched by brute force,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once hardware got fast enough
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and algorithms got smart enough.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Although by the definition of the output,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grandmaster-level chess,\NDeep Blue was intelligent,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but even at the incredible speed,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,200 million positions per second,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Deep Blue's method
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provide little of the dreamed-of insight\Ninto the mysteries of human intelligence.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Soon, machines will be taxi drivers
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and doctors and professors,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but will they be "intelligent?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would rather leave these definitions
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the philosophers and to the dictionary.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What really matters is how we humans
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,feel about living and working\Nwith these machines.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I first met Deep Blue\Nin 1996 in February,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had been the world champion\Nfor more than 10 years,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I had played 182\Nworld championship games
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and hundreds of games against\Nother top players in other competitions.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I knew what to expect\Nfrom my opponents
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what to expect from myself.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was used to measure
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their moves and to gauge\Ntheir emotional state
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by watching their body language\Nand looking into their eyes.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then I sat across\Nthe chess board from Deep Blue.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I immediately sensed something new,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something unsettling.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You might experience a similar feeling
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first time you ride\Nin a driverless car
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the first time your new computer\Nmanager issues an order at work.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when I sat at that first game,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't be sure
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what is the thing capable of.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Technology can advance in leaps,\Nand IBM had invested heavily.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I lost that game,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I couldn't help wondering,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,might it be invincible?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Was my beloved game of chess over?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These were human doubts, human fears,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the only thing I knew for sure
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was that my opponent Deep Blue\Nhad no such worries at all.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I fought back
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after this devastating blow\Nto win the first match,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the writing was on the wall.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I eventually lost to the machine
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I didn't suffer the fate of John Henry
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who won by died\Nwith his hammer in his hand.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turned out that the world of chess
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,still wanted to have\Na human chess champion.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even today, when a free chess app
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the latest mobile phone\Nis stronger than Deep Blue,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people are still playing chess,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even more than ever before.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Doomsayers predicted that nobody\Nwould touch the game
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that could be conquered by the machine,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were wrong, proving wrong,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but doomsaying has always been\Na popular pasttime
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it comes to technology.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I learned from my own experience
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we must face our fears
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we want to get the most\Nout of our technology,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we must conquer those fears
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we want to get the best\Nout of our humanity.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While licking my wounds,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I got a lot of inspiration
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from my battles against Deep Blue.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As the old Russian saying goes,\Nif you can't beat them, join them.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then I thought,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what if I could play with a computer,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,together with a computer at my side,\Ncombining our strengths,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,human intuition\Nplus machine's calculation,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,human strategy, machine tactics,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,human experience, machine's memory.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could it be the perfect game ever played?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My idea came to life
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1998 on the name of advanced chess
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I played this human-plus-machine\Ncompetition against another elite player,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in this first experiment,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we both failed to combine human\Nand machine skills effectively.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Advanced chess found\Nits home on the Internet,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in 2005, a so-called freestyle\Nchess tournament
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,produced a revelation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A team of grandmasters\Nand top machines participated,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the winners were not grandmasters,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not a supercomputer.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The winners were a pair of amateur\NAmerican chess players
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operating three ordinary PCs\Nat the same time.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their skill of coaching their machines
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,effectively counteracted\Nthe superior chess knowledge
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their grandmaster opponents
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and much greater computational\Npower of others,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I reached this formulation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A weak human player plus a machine
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plus a better process is superior
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to a very power machine alone,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but more remarkably, is superior\Nto a strong human player
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plus machine and an inferior process.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This convinced me that we would need
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,better interfaces to help us\Ncoach our machines
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,towards more useful intelligence.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Human plus machine isn't the future,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's present.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody that's used online translation\Nto get the gist of a news article
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from a foreign newspaper
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,knowing its far from perfect.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we use our human experience
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make sense out of that,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then machine learns\Nfrom our corrections.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This model is spreading and investing\Nin medical diagnosis, security analysis.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The machine crunches data,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,calculates probabilities,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gets 80 percent of the way, 90 percent,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,making it easier for analysis
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and decision-making of the human party.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But you are not going to send your kids
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to school in self-driving car\Nwith 90 percent accuracy,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even with 99 percent.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we need a leap forward
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to add a few more crucial decimal places.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Twenty years after\Nmy match with Deep Blue,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,second match,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this sensational "The Brain's\NLast Stand" headline
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has become commonplace
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as intelligent machines
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,move in every sector, seemingly every day.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But unlike in the past,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when machines replaced farm animals,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,manual labor, now they are coming after\Npeople with college degrees
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and political influence,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as someone who fought machines\Nand lost, I am here to tell you
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is excellent, excellent news.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eventually, every profession
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will have to feel these pressures
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or else it will mean humanity\Nhas ceased to make progress.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't get to choose
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when and where\Ntechnological progress stops.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We cannot slow down.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, we have to speed up.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our technology excels at removing
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,difficulties and uncertainties
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from our lives,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so we must seek out
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ever more difficult,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ever more uncertain challenges.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machines have calculations.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have understanding.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machines have instructions.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have purpose.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machines have objectivity.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have passion.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We should not worry about what\Nour machines can do today.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead, we should worry about\Nwhat they still cannot do today,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we will need the help\Nof the new, intelligent machines
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to turn our grandest dreams into reality.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if we fail,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we fail, it's not because our machines
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are too intelligent,\Nor not intelligent enough.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we fail, it's because\Nwe grew complacent
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and limited our ambitions.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our humanity is not defined by any skill,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like swinging a hammer\Nor even playing chess.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's one thing only a human can do.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's dream.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let us dream big.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)