[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.45,0:00:18.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On a typical day at school,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.15,0:00:22.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,endless hours are spent learning\Nthe answers to questions,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.76,0:00:25.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but right now, we'll do the opposite.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.38,0:00:29.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're going to focus on questions\Nwhere you can't learn the answers
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.55,0:00:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they're unknown.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.32,0:00:36.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I used to puzzle about a lot of things\Nas a boy, for example:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.66,0:00:39.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What would it feel like to be a dog?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.10,0:00:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do fish feel pain?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.41,0:00:42.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How about insects?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.78,0:00:46.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Was the Big Bang just an accident?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.61,0:00:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And is there a God?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.00,0:00:53.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if so, how are we so sure\Nthat it's a He and not a She?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.56,0:00:56.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why do so many innocent people\Nand animals suffer terrible things?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.54,0:00:59.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is there really a plan for my life?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.60,0:01:02.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is the future yet to be written,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.37,0:01:05.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or is it already written\Nand we just can't see it?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.79,0:01:08.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then, do I have free will?\NI mean, who am I anyway?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.76,0:01:10.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Am I just a biological machine?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.37,0:01:14.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then, why am I conscious?\NWhat is consciousness?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.77,0:01:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Will robots become conscious one day?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.29,0:01:21.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, I kind of assumed that some day
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.72,0:01:24.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would be told the answers\Nto all these questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.56,0:01:27.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Someone must know, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.52,0:01:30.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Guess what? No one knows.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.17,0:01:35.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of those questions\Npuzzle me more now than ever.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.78,0:01:38.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But diving into them is exciting
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.31,0:01:40.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it takes you\Nto the edge of knowledge,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.62,0:01:42.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you never know what you'll find there.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.92,0:01:49.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, two questions that no one\Non Earth knows the answer to.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.70,0:01:52.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Music)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.41,0:01:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[How many universes are there?]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.81,0:01:59.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes when I'm on a long plane flight,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.00,0:02:02.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I gaze out at all those\Nmountains and deserts
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.89,0:02:05.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and try to get my head\Naround how vast our Earth is.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.61,0:02:09.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then I remember\Nthat there's an object we see every day
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.39,0:02:12.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would literally fit\None million Earths inside it:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.02,0:02:14.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Sun.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.06,0:02:15.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It seems impossibly big.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.69,0:02:19.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in the great scheme\Nof things, it's a pinprick,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.17,0:02:23.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of about 400 billion stars\Nin the Milky Way galaxy,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.14,0:02:25.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which you can see on a clear night
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.22,0:02:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a pale white mist\Nstretched across the sky.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.51,0:02:29.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it gets worse.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.63,0:02:32.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are maybe 100 billion galaxies\Ndetectable by our telescopes.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.76,0:02:38.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if each star was the size\Nof a single grain of sand,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.06,0:02:40.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just the Milky Way has enough stars
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.08,0:02:42.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to fill a 30-foot by 30-foot\Nstretch of beach
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.77,0:02:44.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,three feet deep with sand.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.90,0:02:48.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the entire Earth\Ndoesn't have enough beaches
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.63,0:02:51.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to represent the stars\Nin the overall universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.26,0:02:54.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Such a beach would continue for literally\Nhundreds of millions of miles.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.79,0:02:58.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Holy Stephen Hawking,\Nthat is a lot of stars.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.97,0:03:02.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he and other physicists\Nnow believe in a reality
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.92,0:03:05.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is unimaginably bigger still.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.00,0:03:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, first of all,\Nthe 100 billion galaxies
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.21,0:03:09.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within range of our telescopes
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.74,0:03:12.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are probably a minuscule\Nfraction of the total.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.35,0:03:16.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Space itself is expanding\Nat an accelerating pace.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.38,0:03:18.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The vast majority of the galaxies
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.78,0:03:22.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are separating from us so fast\Nthat light from them may never reach us.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.26,0:03:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Still, our physical reality here on Earth
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.00,0:03:29.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is intimately connected\Nto those distant, invisible galaxies.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.96,0:03:32.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can think of them\Nas part of our universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.74,0:03:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They make up a single, giant edifice
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.00,0:03:38.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,obeying the same physical laws\Nand all made from the same types of atoms,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.48,0:03:42.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,electrons, protons, quarks, neutrinos,\Nthat make up you and me.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.69,0:03:46.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, recent theories in physics,\Nincluding one called string theory,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.99,0:03:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are now telling us there could be\Ncountless other universes
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.00,0:03:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,built on different types of particles,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.00,0:03:54.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with different properties,\Nobeying different laws.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.93,0:03:57.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of these universes\Ncould never support life,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.46,0:04:00.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and might flash in and out\Nof existence in a nanosecond.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.08,0:04:04.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But nonetheless, combined,\Nthey make up a vast multiverse
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.58,0:04:07.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of possible universes\Nin up to 11 dimensions,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.65,0:04:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,featuring wonders\Nbeyond our wildest imagination.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.21,0:04:15.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The leading version of string theory\Npredicts a multiverse
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.10,0:04:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made up of 10 to the 500 universes.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.00,0:04:20.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a one followed by 500 zeros,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.89,0:04:23.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a number so vast that if every atom
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.32,0:04:27.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in our observable universe\Nhad its own universe,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.45,0:04:29.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all of the atoms\Nin all those universes each had
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.90,0:04:31.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their own universe,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.00,0:04:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you repeated that for two more cycles,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.35,0:04:37.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'd still be at a tiny\Nfraction of the total,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.77,0:04:41.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,namely, one trillion trillion trillion\Ntrillion trillion trillion trillion
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.27,0:04:46.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trillion trillion trillion trillion\Ntrillion trillion trillion trillionth.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.42,0:04:47.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.76,0:04:52.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But even that number\Nis minuscule compared to another number:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.01,0:04:54.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,infinity.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.49,0:04:57.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some physicists think the space-time\Ncontinuum is literally infinite
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.70,0:05:01.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that it contains an infinite number\Nof so-called pocket universes
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.10,0:05:02.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with varying properties.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.11,0:05:04.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How's your brain doing?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.06,0:05:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Quantum theory adds a whole new wrinkle.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.00,0:05:09.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, the theory's been proven\Ntrue beyond all doubt,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.68,0:05:11.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but interpreting it is baffling,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.91,0:05:15.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and some physicists think\Nyou can only un-baffle it
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.03,0:05:17.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you imagine that huge numbers\Nof parallel universes
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.66,0:05:20.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are being spawned every moment,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.26,0:05:23.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and many of these universes would actually\Nbe very like the world we're in,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.81,0:05:25.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would include multiple copies of you.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.98,0:05:28.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In one such universe,\Nyou'd graduate with honors
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.52,0:05:32.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and marry the person of your dreams,\Nand in another, not so much.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.29,0:05:36.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, there are still some scientists\Nwho would say, hogwash.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.30,0:05:40.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The only meaningful answer to the question\Nof how many universes there are is one.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.82,0:05:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only one universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.68,0:05:45.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And a few philosophers\Nand mystics might argue
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.90,0:05:48.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that even our own universe is an illusion.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.67,0:05:51.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, as you can see, right now
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.08,0:05:54.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is no agreement\Non this question, not even close.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.77,0:05:58.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All we know is the answer is somewhere\Nbetween zero and infinity.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.17,0:06:01.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, I guess we know one other thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.78,0:06:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a pretty cool time\Nto be studying physics.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.00,0:06:08.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We just might be undergoing\Nthe biggest paradigm shift in knowledge
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.68,0:06:10.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that humanity has ever seen.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.51,0:06:13.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Music)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.61,0:06:17.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Why can't we see evidence of alien life?]
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.70,0:06:20.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somewhere out there in that vast universe
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.88,0:06:23.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there must surely be countless\Nother planets teeming with life.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.96,0:06:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But why don't we see any evidence of it?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.26,0:06:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, this is the famous question\Nasked by Enrico Fermi in 1950:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.29,0:06:31.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where is everybody?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.01,0:06:36.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Conspiracy theorists claim that UFOs\Nare visiting all the time
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.84,0:06:38.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the reports are just being covered up,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.01,0:06:41.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but honestly, they aren't very convincing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.88,0:06:43.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that leaves a real riddle.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.33,0:06:47.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the past year,\Nthe Kepler space observatory
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.04,0:06:49.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has found hundreds of planets\Njust around nearby stars.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.58,0:06:52.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you extrapolate that data,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.34,0:06:55.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it looks like there could\Nbe half a trillion planets
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.72,0:06:57.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just in our own galaxy.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.27,0:07:00.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If any one in 10,000 has conditions
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.38,0:07:02.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that might support a form of life,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.00,0:07:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's still 50 million possible\Nlife-harboring planets
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.00,0:07:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right here in the Milky Way.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.55,0:07:10.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's the riddle:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.26,0:07:11.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our Earth didn't form
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.92,0:07:14.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until about nine billion years\Nafter the Big Bang.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.68,0:07:19.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Countless other planets in our galaxy\Nshould have formed earlier,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.12,0:07:21.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and given life a chance to get underway
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.46,0:07:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,billions, or certainly many millions\Nof years earlier than happened on Earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.27,0:07:29.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If just a few of them\Nhad spawned intelligent life
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.00,0:07:32.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and started creating technologies,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.57,0:07:35.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those technologies would have\Nhad millions of years
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.83,0:07:37.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to grow in complexity and power.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.17,0:07:40.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On Earth,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.77,0:07:43.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've seen how dramatically\Ntechnology can accelerate
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.66,0:07:45.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in just 100 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.41,0:07:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In millions of years,\Nan intelligent alien civilization
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.00,0:07:52.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could easily have spread out\Nacross the galaxy,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.73,0:07:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps creating giant\Nenergy-harvesting artifacts
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.14,0:07:58.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or fleets of colonizing spaceships
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.10,0:08:01.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or glorious works of art\Nthat fill the night sky.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.00,0:08:06.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the very least, you'd think\Nthey'd be revealing their presence,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.15,0:08:07.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deliberately or otherwise,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.51,0:08:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through electromagnetic signals\Nof one kind or another.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.27,0:08:13.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yet we see no convincing\Nevidence of any of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.80,0:08:14.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.00,0:08:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, there are numerous possible answers,\Nsome of them quite dark.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.33,0:08:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe a single,\Nsuperintelligent civilization
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.00,0:08:27.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has indeed taken over the galaxy
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.12,0:08:29.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and has imposed strict radio silence
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.67,0:08:32.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's paranoid\Nof any potential competitors.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.93,0:08:35.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's just sitting there\Nready to obliterate
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.85,0:08:37.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anything that becomes a threat.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.01,0:08:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or maybe they're not that intelligent,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.30,0:08:44.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or perhaps the evolution\Nof an intelligence
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.98,0:08:47.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,capable of creating\Nsophisticated technology
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.05,0:08:49.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is far rarer than we've assumed.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.04,0:08:53.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all, it's only happened once\Non Earth in four billion years.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.85,0:08:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe even that was incredibly lucky.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.45,0:08:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe we are the first\Nsuch civilization in our galaxy.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.04,0:09:06.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or, perhaps civilization carries with it\Nthe seeds of its own destruction
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.52,0:09:09.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through the inability to control\Nthe technologies it creates.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.48,0:09:13.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there are numerous\Nmore hopeful answers.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.62,0:09:15.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For a start, we're not looking that hard,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.64,0:09:18.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're spending\Na pitiful amount of money on it.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.55,0:09:21.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only a tiny fraction\Nof the stars in our galaxy
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.87,0:09:25.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have really been looked at closely\Nfor signs of interesting signals.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.14,0:09:28.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And perhaps we're not looking\Nthe right way.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.00,0:09:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe as civilizations develop,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.00,0:09:33.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they quickly discover\Ncommunication technologies
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.31,0:09:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,far more sophisticated and useful\Nthan electromagnetic waves.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.18,0:09:41.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe all the action takes place\Ninside the mysterious
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.51,0:09:43.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recently discovered dark matter,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.55,0:09:47.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or dark energy, that appear to account\Nfor most of the universe's mass.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.35,0:09:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or, maybe we're looking\Nat the wrong scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.00,0:09:54.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Perhaps intelligent\Ncivilizations come to realize
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.00,0:09:57.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that life is ultimately\Njust complex patterns of information
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.83,0:10:00.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interacting with each other\Nin a beautiful way,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.06,0:10:02.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that that can happen more\Nefficiently at a small scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.38,0:10:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, just as on Earth,\Nclunky stereo systems have shrunk
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.00,0:10:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to beautiful, tiny iPods,\Nmaybe intelligent life itself,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.00,0:10:11.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to reduce its footprint\Non the environment,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.75,0:10:13.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has turned itself microscopic.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.72,0:10:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the Solar System\Nmight be teeming with aliens,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.05,0:10:17.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're just not noticing them.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.68,0:10:20.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe the very ideas in our heads\Nare a form of alien life.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.58,0:10:24.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, okay, that's a crazy thought.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.27,0:10:25.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The aliens made me say it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.44,0:10:30.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it is cool that ideas do seem\Nto have a life all of their own
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.25,0:10:32.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that they outlive their creators.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.72,0:10:37.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe biological life\Nis just a passing phase.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.46,0:10:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, within the next 15 years,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.00,0:10:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we could start seeing\Nreal spectroscopic information
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.00,0:10:45.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from promising nearby planets
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.83,0:10:48.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that will reveal just\Nhow life-friendly they might be.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.39,0:10:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And meanwhile, SETI, the Search\Nfor Extraterrestrial Intelligence,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.00,0:10:53.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is now releasing its data to the public
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.00,0:10:56.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that millions of citizen scientists,\Nmaybe including you,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.00,0:10:59.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can bring the power of the crowd\Nto join the search.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.58,0:11:02.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here on Earth, amazing experiments
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.62,0:11:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are being done to try\Nto create life from scratch,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.00,0:11:08.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,life that might be very different\Nfrom the DNA forms we know.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.32,0:11:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of this will help us understand\Nwhether the universe is teeming with life
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.00,0:11:17.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or whether, indeed, it's just us.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.82,0:11:22.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Either answer, in its own way,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.33,0:11:24.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is awe-inspiring,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.41,0:11:26.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because even if we are alone,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.00,0:11:31.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the fact that we think and dream\Nand ask these questions
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.56,0:11:33.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,might yet turn out to be
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.17,0:11:35.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the most important facts\Nabout the universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.35,0:11:39.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I have one more piece\Nof good news for you.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.10,0:11:41.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The quest for knowledge\Nand understanding never gets dull.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.96,0:11:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It doesn't. It's actually the opposite.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.00,0:11:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The more you know,\Nthe more amazing the world seems.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.76,0:11:51.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's the crazy possibilities,\Nthe unanswered questions,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.22,0:11:52.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that pull us forward.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.48,0:11:55.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So stay curious.