0:00:10.469,0:00:14.089 you may be wondering what your doing at[br]the front of a bioengineering madam i a 0:00:14.089,0:00:18.349 total strangers talking to you right now[br]but i did talk about some of the on some 0:00:18.349,0:00:22.789 experiments that herbert boyer and[br]stanley commented in the nation 0:00:22.789,0:00:24.820 you might be thinking to yourself 0:00:24.820,0:00:29.300 uh... the seventies in america when the[br]dinosaurs lived 0:00:29.300,0:00:30.279 boring 0:00:30.279,0:00:32.960 well had never gotten a vaccine are 0:00:32.960,0:00:35.290 groceries record he started 0:00:35.290,0:00:38.250 that complex to some of the experiments[br]that these two had 0:00:38.250,0:00:40.050 halsted setting 0:00:40.050,0:00:44.620 where they accept and values that cut[br]dat label to in three days 0:00:44.620,0:00:46.390 continue bacterial dna_ 0:00:46.390,0:00:49.840 the hanging at the field of genetic[br]engineering and thanks to all the work 0:00:49.840,0:00:51.030 that they did 0:00:51.030,0:00:58.030 we have medications for what that means[br]that protective 0:00:58.320,0:01:01.360 you know i exist on the inside 0:01:01.360,0:01:06.510 so the first thing that clinton boy it[br]did was they checked dna_ from driving 0:01:06.510,0:01:08.960 headed up 0:01:08.960,0:01:11.730 as you might think you guys that's going[br]on in this to you 0:01:11.730,0:01:15.810 here some dna_ from the front[br]encouraging traits that affect how the 0:01:15.810,0:01:19.010 front develops had survived 0:01:19.010,0:01:21.350 now there's a piece that dna_ 0:01:21.350,0:01:25.650 in this genome whose job listing code[br]for certain proteins that the front uses 0:01:25.650,0:01:26.900 to survive 0:01:26.900,0:01:30.320 we're gonna cut this peace out using a[br]restriction enzyme 0:01:30.320,0:01:32.540 this is the thing that way discovered[br]its 0:01:32.540,0:01:34.880 kind of like a pair of scissors 0:01:34.880,0:01:36.130 cutting the dna_ act 0:01:36.130,0:01:38.960 specific points we can get different[br]pieces 0:01:38.960,0:01:42.160 now there are times are different kinds[br]restriction enzymes and they'll come in 0:01:42.160,0:01:44.090 different places in dna_ 0:01:44.090,0:01:47.450 are and send their resume tuesday is[br]called echo are one 0:01:47.450,0:01:50.310 now this piece but dna_ has more than[br]one spot 0:01:50.310,0:01:53.730 that echo are one can cut as shown by[br]the dot lines 0:01:53.730,0:01:57.010 so we're going to end up with other[br]pieces of dna_ in addition to the one 0:01:57.010,0:01:58.290 we actually want 0:01:58.290,0:02:01.729 now that's actually ok because[br]articulate that probably did 0:02:01.729,0:02:05.710 what's going on in the two is really[br]really discarding after pieces dna_'s 0:02:05.710,0:02:12.710 just like it 0:02:12.889,0:02:14.129 now here's a tip 0:02:14.129,0:02:15.599 plasmid 0:02:15.599,0:02:20.400 basically circulating of dna_ that can[br]exist in bacteria any basically impose 0:02:20.400,0:02:25.999 for certain traits that affect how[br]bacteria look actor civilian anti at our 0:02:25.999,0:02:29.639 dna_ from the frog dna_ try[br]bacterial dna_ 0:02:29.639,0:02:31.859 we need to cut the president clinton 0:02:31.859,0:02:35.529 so we've got to add are echo are one[br]scissors 0:02:35.529,0:02:37.200 and they're going to cut 0:02:37.200,0:02:41.569 at the site 0:02:41.569,0:02:45.439 you let this reaction proceeds letting[br]all the ingredients the classmates 0:02:45.439,0:02:49.379 restriction enzyme and somewhat[br]interesting at cnn_ tel all the 0:02:49.379,0:02:51.049 plastic cup like that's 0:02:51.049,0:02:53.909 now we need at the dna_ please 0:02:53.909,0:02:57.919 and allow the pieces to joint 0:02:57.919,0:02:59.950 here's what's going on in the to camp 0:02:59.950,0:03:01.230 i've got pieces earth 0:03:01.230,0:03:03.790 try to dna_ 0:03:03.790,0:03:08.489 and i had cracked cut classmates like[br]this 0:03:08.489,0:03:10.180 i need to ad 0:03:10.180,0:03:11.389 the sky 0:03:11.389,0:03:13.079 into this president 0:03:13.079,0:03:14.560 and the way and they do that 0:03:14.560,0:03:18.239 is the eddie an enzyme called dna_[br]like case 0:03:18.239,0:03:22.599 this enzyme tenet acts like teak and it[br]fixes the dna_ in six th 0:03:22.599,0:03:27.109 into the test name 0:03:27.109,0:03:29.299 nine other important thing at that 0:03:29.299,0:03:33.659 the present itself is that it resent[br]marker than a series of situation in 0:03:33.659,0:03:35.019 haiti antibiotic 0:03:35.019,0:03:36.499 contact recycling 0:03:36.499,0:03:38.519 this will come in handy in a little bit 0:03:38.519,0:03:45.519 after a little while level couple types[br]of dna_ going on 0:03:45.679,0:03:48.499 the people non 0:03:48.499,0:03:54.129 but will come from it 0:03:54.129,0:03:56.929 you know 0:03:56.929,0:04:01.219 guardsmen classmates that just caused a[br]mom 0:04:01.219,0:04:07.409 at the 0:04:07.409,0:04:10.499 and seat 0:04:10.499,0:04:15.169 thing about these guys is that they'll[br]actually die if you bad detect recycling 0:04:15.169,0:04:19.549 antibiotic which we talked about bailey[br]it to them 0:04:19.549,0:04:24.020 webinar invite you to get the class and[br]inside a vehicle and with that because 0:04:24.020,0:04:27.479 all the cells down and then quickly he[br]did them up 0:04:27.479,0:04:29.270 creating little holes 0:04:29.270,0:04:30.860 and the cell membrane 0:04:30.860,0:04:36.009 then the president's concert through 0:04:36.009,0:04:37.509 and get into the south 0:04:37.509,0:04:40.380 these are the kind of bacteria that we[br]have now 0:04:40.380,0:04:41.360 bacteria 0:04:41.360,0:04:45.570 that got the practically 0:04:45.570,0:04:48.219 but you also get bacteria that cut 0:04:48.219,0:04:49.629 the president's that 0:04:49.629,0:04:50.569 we get one 0:04:50.569,0:04:51.770 say 0:04:51.770,0:04:52.680 this one with 0:04:52.680,0:04:54.889 the wrong piece of dna_ way 0:04:54.889,0:04:58.990 this i was just a plane parts that[br]without any frightening 0:04:58.990,0:05:01.029 more than likely will 0:05:01.029,0:05:04.569 get ones that just didn't pick up any of[br]the president's no end in eighteen x 0:05:04.569,0:05:08.619 display t_-cells on some tight recycling[br]on their plates which is basically some 0:05:08.619,0:05:11.289 fancy jello that has antibiotic in it 0:05:11.289,0:05:14.679 so these guys won't be able to grow 0:05:14.679,0:05:16.910 but these guys well 0:05:16.910,0:05:17.960 plated 0:05:17.960,0:05:20.229 people live 0:05:20.229,0:05:22.370 transformed this tiny plasmids 0:05:22.370,0:05:25.500 onto this plate which has kept recycling[br]it 0:05:25.500,0:05:28.990 have likened that what they're saying[br]they need to be here overnight and allow 0:05:28.990,0:05:30.369 our bacteria to grow 0:05:30.369,0:05:37.369 watered down in a game in the morning 0:05:37.419,0:05:39.020 said he didn't have 0:05:39.020,0:05:42.520 definitely got some colonies regularly[br]remain 0:05:42.520,0:05:44.750 cell not a problem that we have 0:05:44.750,0:05:49.419 is we need everyone distinguish that[br]actually had them at these primates 0:05:49.419,0:05:50.729 from the one 0:05:50.729,0:05:52.029 that night 0:05:52.029,0:05:55.009 vis a man who don't have an idea demand 0:05:55.009,0:05:56.509 resulting famine deal 0:05:56.509,0:06:00.360 this is the same techniques that we did[br]at the very beginning of this 0:06:00.360,0:06:02.009 maintenance enemies back 0:06:02.009,0:06:05.169 smith has been spent on these bacteria 0:06:05.169,0:06:10.650 then reading is the same restriction[br]enzymes 0:06:10.650,0:06:12.490 you might be able to notice 0:06:12.490,0:06:14.210 dot proponents say 0:06:14.210,0:06:18.729 is a different sizes then that means[br]that comes in the background 0:06:18.729,0:06:22.630 surrounding areas isn't something larger[br]belmont 0:06:22.630,0:06:27.320 needs a technique adela electrophoresis[br]and let's get it is it's gonna separate 0:06:27.320,0:06:29.809 are different pieces of dna_ half 0:06:29.809,0:06:32.969 and from this experiment will be able to[br]tell 0:06:32.969,0:06:35.600 the president's that took up the[br]frightening 0:06:35.600,0:06:37.169 from the ones that did it 0:06:37.169,0:06:44.169 bought from the ones that just closed up[br]on themselves 0:06:44.639,0:06:47.710 deflating techniques that i don't know 0:06:47.710,0:06:51.460 feel their lives 0:06:51.460,0:06:54.179 galina being made 0:06:54.179,0:06:56.110 very faint 0:06:56.110,0:06:59.499 well i thought that i printed a gag[br]thanks for stopping by 0:06:59.499,0:07:03.269 of the american aircon she'd seen or[br]some of the cloning techniques he's not 0:07:03.269,0:07:04.490 today 0:07:04.490,0:07:07.150 disheveled and they say the internet[br]engineering 0:07:07.150,0:07:14.129 ta waiters 0:07:14.129,0:07:15.069 k