0:00:38.680,0:00:39.480
[bell rings]

0:02:08.699,0:02:11.459
[inaudible] is the name of a person

0:02:11.459,0:02:14.509
who knows how to listen very deeply

0:02:15.660,0:02:17.660
and to understand.

0:02:20.580,0:02:23.040
By listening deeply

0:02:24.220,0:02:25.340
she can

0:02:28.580,0:02:29.080
bring a lot of relief to people.

0:02:29.080,0:02:32.640
And the practice is called[br]the practice of compassionate listening.

0:02:41.520,0:02:45.040
The bodhisattva avalokiteshvara.

0:02:46.280,0:02:49.180
In Vietnamese, nam mo bo tat quan the am

0:02:50.460,0:02:52.920
Guanyin in Chinese.

0:03:01.180,0:03:02.920
With compassion in our heart

0:03:04.420,0:03:06.420
we can listen to the other person.

0:03:07.500,0:03:10.380
Even if the other person has a lot of suffering

0:03:12.210,0:03:18.829
has a lot of wrong perceptions,[br]a lot of anger, you can still listen to him or her.

0:03:21.540,0:03:27.109
And by doing so we help him or her[br]to suffer less,

0:03:29.880,0:03:34.309
The bodhisattva avalokiteshvara[br]is not exactly someone outside of us.

0:03:35.460,0:03:37.460
Every one of us has

0:03:37.770,0:03:39.770
the seed of compassion,

0:03:42.150,0:03:44.150
understanding.

0:03:45.270,0:03:49.880
And if we allow the seed of understanding and compassion in us to be watered,

0:03:50.490,0:03:54.320
the energy of compassion[br]and understanding will manifest.

0:03:55.350,0:03:58.700
And we shall be able to listen also with

0:03:59.860,0:04:01.860
compassion

0:04:04.860,0:04:06.340
and understanding.

0:04:08.460,0:04:11.880
So, during the time of chanting,

0:04:12.380,0:04:16.640
the collective energy of mindfulness[br]will be generated.

0:04:18.120,0:04:19.779
And it helps us

0:04:20.010,0:04:22.010
to water the seed of

0:04:22.650,0:04:24.650
compassion and understanding in us.

0:04:25.410,0:04:28.369
And the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara can

0:04:29.040,0:04:30.480
manifest

0:04:30.480,0:04:32.440
from us.

0:04:32.560,0:04:34.160
So, please enjoy, the chanting.

0:04:35.060,0:04:37.860
Bring the attention[br]to your inbreath and outbreath,

0:04:37.900,0:04:40.500
allow your body to relax.

0:04:40.860,0:04:44.100
And for the energy of the sangha [br]to penetrate

0:04:44.980,0:04:45.920
freely

0:04:46.240,0:04:50.680
into our body, you know,[br]into our mind

0:04:52.920,0:04:54.920
for our nourishment and healing

0:04:55.340,0:04:59.860
because the collective energy[br]of compassion in the sangha

0:05:00.640,0:05:02.640
bodhisattva has the power of healing.

0:05:03.660,0:05:06.540
In addition, we don't have to do anything.

0:05:07.060,0:05:10.100
Just allow the energy to penetrate

0:05:10.800,0:05:12.800
by the chanting.

0:05:17.590,0:05:19.590
We allow our body

0:05:20.640,0:05:21.820
to relax.

0:05:22.560,0:05:26.960
And we bring our attention[br]to the sound of chanting.

0:05:40.940,0:05:41.820
[bell rings]

0:12:14.060,0:12:16.060
[singing]

0:27:49.520,0:27:51.460
Dear friends,

0:27:52.920,0:27:57.240
whenever we hear[br]the sound of the bell,

0:27:59.220,0:28:04.540
we practice listening to the bell deeply.

0:28:11.100,0:28:13.100
Usually when someone

0:28:14.730,0:28:16.730
invites the bell to sound...

0:28:17.360,0:28:19.900
We don't say "hit" the bell,

0:28:19.900,0:28:20.940
we say

0:28:22.600,0:28:23.460
invite

0:28:24.020,0:28:26.020
the bell to sound.

0:28:26.120,0:28:28.120
...He or she should

0:28:28.220,0:28:30.640
wake the bell up first

0:28:33.000,0:28:35.000
with a half sound

0:28:39.360,0:28:41.360
like this

0:28:46.800,0:28:47.680
[bell rings].

0:28:48.420,0:28:50.420
That is a half sound.

0:28:52.680,0:28:56.520
But before he does that, she does that,

0:28:56.700,0:29:01.160
she has to practice[br]mindful breathing first

0:29:01.300,0:29:03.680
to prepare himself.

0:29:10.500,0:29:15.180
And there is a verse[br]for the bell master to use,

0:29:17.460,0:29:20.880
for breathing in and breathing out[br]and to make himself or herself

0:29:24.990,0:29:26.990
available to the bell,

0:29:30.150,0:29:32.040
qualified

0:29:32.040,0:29:34.040
as a bell master.

0:29:35.300,0:29:37.300
You just cannot pick up

0:29:38.180,0:29:42.380
the instrument and then make the sound[br]you have to prepare yourself.

0:29:44.100,0:29:46.100
So holding the...

0:29:47.880,0:29:49.880
May I borrow it?

0:29:56.360,0:29:58.880
...holding the stick like this

0:30:00.100,0:30:03.460
he will practice mindful breathing

0:30:06.780,0:30:09.920
a few times[br]in order to calm himself down,

0:30:11.080,0:30:15.600
to make him or her[br]into a real bell master.

0:30:16.460,0:30:18.580
And the verse is like this:

0:30:19.460,0:30:22.800
"Body, speech and mind[br]in perfect oneness.

0:30:25.060,0:30:28.580
I send my heart along[br]with the sound of this bell.

0:30:29.280,0:30:32.600
May the hearers awaken[br]from their forgetfulness

0:30:34.260,0:30:38.160
and transcend the path[br]of anxiety and sorrow."

0:30:38.160,0:30:42.420
That is a four-line verse

0:30:42.680,0:30:45.660
for you to breathe and to become

0:30:46.680,0:30:48.580
a real bell master.

0:30:48.580,0:30:52.380
"Body, speech, and mind[br]in perfect oneness.

0:30:53.080,0:30:56.120
I send my heart along[br]with the sound of this bell.

0:30:56.860,0:30:59.840
May the hearers awaken[br]from their forgetfulness

0:31:00.240,0:31:03.360
and transcend the path[br]of anxiety and sorrow."

0:31:04.920,0:31:05.420
And then you're calm,

0:31:07.640,0:31:10.240
you are fully aware,[br]you are fully present.

0:31:10.560,0:31:12.180
And now you can

0:31:12.180,0:31:14.460
invite the bell to sound.

0:31:16.760,0:31:20.840
You invite,[br]you offer half a sound

0:31:22.320,0:31:24.320
so that the whole community

0:31:24.640,0:31:29.280
become aware that a real sound,[br]a full sound is going to be heard.

0:31:31.320,0:31:34.380
And everyone stop thinking,[br]stop talking,

0:31:34.760,0:31:38.979
prepare themselves[br]to receive the full sound.

0:31:39.500,0:31:40.940
The voice of the Buddha

0:31:41.320,0:31:43.860
calling you back to your true home.

0:31:45.060,0:31:46.680
In a practice center,

0:31:46.940,0:31:50.640
the sound of the bell[br]is the voice of the Buddha from within

0:31:50.640,0:31:52.840
calling you back[br]to your true home.

0:31:55.600,0:31:57.900
And so the bell master[br]make a half sound

0:31:58.080,0:32:00.080
and allow you the time

0:32:00.700,0:32:02.840
to prepare yourself

0:32:03.100,0:32:07.360
for the reception of the full sound,[br]the voice of the Buddha.

0:32:07.460,0:32:10.420
You stop what you are saying.

0:32:11.020,0:32:14.940
You finish what you were saying[br]in a few seconds.

0:32:15.080,0:32:16.980
You stop your thinking.

0:32:18.100,0:32:21.600
Not only your talking [br]but you stop also your thinking.

0:32:21.740,0:32:23.760
You go home

0:32:24.200,0:32:26.780
to yourself,[br]with your inbreath.

0:32:28.460,0:32:30.500
And you enjoy breathing

0:32:33.040,0:32:34.900
to get prepared for the sound,

0:32:35.420,0:32:38.340
the sound as the voice[br]of the Buddha from within

0:32:39.040,0:32:41.260
calling you back[br]to your true home.

0:32:42.740,0:32:46.260
And then the bell master[br]will allow you the time to

0:32:47.980,0:32:53.120
for one inbreath or one outbreath at least[br]and then he or she will invite the bell

0:32:53.860,0:32:58.540
so that a full sound will be offered[br]to the whole community.

0:32:59.540,0:33:00.940
And then everyone

0:33:02.080,0:33:02.920
will enjoy

0:33:04.060,0:33:07.620
breathing in and breathing out[br]at least three times.

0:33:09.140,0:33:12.200
And when you breathe in,[br]you say: "I listen,

0:33:13.020,0:33:13.920
I listen".

0:33:15.880,0:33:17.480
And when you breathe out,

0:33:17.640,0:33:22.400
you say: "this wonderful sound[br]brings me back to my true home".

0:33:24.640,0:33:25.660
"Listen,

0:33:26.640,0:33:27.420
listen.

0:33:28.180,0:33:31.600
This wonderful sound[br]brings me back to my true home."

0:33:31.760,0:33:32.720
No thinking.

0:33:34.300,0:33:35.460
Just listening,

0:33:35.460,0:33:38.720
listening very deeply[br]to the sound of the bell

0:33:38.920,0:33:43.380
that will bring you back to your true home,[br]in the here and now.

0:33:46.700,0:33:48.640
And the one who speaks

0:33:49.060,0:33:53.000
stops speaking[br]and thinking about what to say next

0:33:53.680,0:33:55.680
and enjoy deeply his or her

0:33:56.120,0:33:57.590
inbreath and outbreath,

0:33:57.590,0:33:58.840
enjoy

0:33:59.280,0:34:01.460
his being in his true home.

0:34:04.440,0:34:06.200
That is the living dharma:

0:34:07.620,0:34:09.840
being in your true home.

0:34:13.360,0:34:17.940
And the one who listened to the talk[br]also stops listening

0:34:18.460,0:34:20.460
and enjoys

0:34:22.340,0:34:24.060
her inbreath and outbreath.

0:34:24.620,0:34:26.060
Very nourishing.

0:34:29.179,0:34:31.480
In Plum Village, in France,

0:34:32.840,0:34:35.960
not only we enjoy the sound

0:34:38.739,0:34:41.659
of the great bell within our center

0:34:41.820,0:34:45.000
but whenever the bell,[br]the church bell nearby

0:34:46.760,0:34:49.739
sounds we also stop[br]and enjoy the church bell.

0:34:51.100,0:34:53.540
Not only we enjoy the church bell,

0:34:53.739,0:34:57.900
but every time the clock[br]play the music,

0:34:57.900,0:35:01.820
every quarter of the hour,[br]we also stop

0:35:03.100,0:35:06.920
thinking, stop talking[br]and we go back to our breath

0:35:06.920,0:35:09.680
and we enjoy breathing in and out

0:35:09.680,0:35:11.440
whether we are in...

0:35:12.300,0:35:17.420
the dining hall or in the kitchen[br]we do the same.

0:35:17.520,0:35:20.380
So, the clock,[br]the music of the clock

0:35:23.040,0:35:24.080
is like

0:35:24.080,0:35:27.680
the mindfulness may help us[br]to come home

0:35:27.680,0:35:29.500
and to enjoy our home.

0:35:30.720,0:35:33.860
Also when you hear[br]the telephone ringing,

0:35:34.720,0:35:35.680
you practice.

0:35:37.040,0:35:40.460
You are supposed[br]not to run to the telephone.

0:35:40.740,0:35:43.520
You're supposed to stay[br]wherever you are

0:35:44.060,0:35:48.360
because the sound of the telephone[br]is also the voice of the Buddha

0:35:48.360,0:35:51.720
calling you back[br]to your true home.

0:35:51.720,0:35:55.600
Stay wherever you are[br]and go back to your inbreath.

0:35:55.600,0:35:57.000
Listen, listen.

0:35:57.460,0:36:01.940
This wonderful sound[br]brings me back to my true home.

0:36:01.940,0:36:03.360
And then after having

0:36:03.940,0:36:05.960
practiced like that two times,

0:36:06.820,0:36:09.760
you do walking meditation[br]to the telephone,

0:36:09.760,0:36:11.760
or you take the telephone out

0:36:12.460,0:36:13.540
and answer.

0:36:17.060,0:36:19.160
And if you are the one

0:36:22.220,0:36:25.100
who is called[br]or who want to make a phone call,

0:36:27.120,0:36:28.840
you prepare yourself

0:36:32.080,0:36:34.060
before making

0:36:34.060,0:36:35.520
the number.

0:36:36.460,0:36:38.400
You practice[br]going home to yourself.

0:36:39.640,0:36:41.140
And there is also a verse

0:36:41.880,0:36:43.380
for you to practice.

0:36:45.120,0:36:47.940
Verses, words[br]can travel

0:36:48.120,0:36:50.200
thousands of kilometres.

0:36:50.520,0:36:53.000
They are to bring about[br]more understanding,

0:36:53.560,0:36:55.360
"mucho" understanding.

0:36:55.820,0:36:58.660
I vow that[br]what I am going to say

0:36:59.180,0:37:00.360
will be

0:37:00.360,0:37:01.420
beautiful

0:37:02.020,0:37:03.860
like flowers and

0:37:03.880,0:37:04.860
embroideries.

0:37:05.060,0:37:07.740
I vow that[br]everything I'm going to say

0:37:08.020,0:37:11.740
will help with more mature[br]understanding and compassion.

0:37:12.060,0:37:15.580
And then,[br]now you are qualified

0:37:15.940,0:37:17.940
to make a phone call.

0:37:19.780,0:37:21.760
And when you hear

0:37:23.620,0:37:25.840
you hear the sound

0:37:26.000,0:37:28.860
at the end of the line,

0:37:29.440,0:37:30.840
you know that

0:37:30.840,0:37:33.380
the other person is listening

0:37:33.760,0:37:35.700
breathing in and out

0:37:35.700,0:37:40.520
and you know that you have a chance[br]to practice breathing in and out with her

0:37:40.520,0:37:42.520
so both of you

0:37:42.880,0:37:47.200
are breathing in and out mindfully[br]at the same time.

0:37:47.200,0:37:48.840
It's a very beautiful practice.

0:37:48.840,0:37:51.820
We call it telephone meditation.

0:37:58.440,0:38:00.080
And then, in Plum Village,

0:38:01.060,0:38:02.900
in the Deerpark Monastery also,

0:38:04.900,0:38:07.380
if we use the computer,

0:38:07.660,0:38:11.520
the computer is programmed[br]so that every quarter of the hour

0:38:12.220,0:38:15.080
there will be a bell of mindfulness,

0:38:15.180,0:38:18.260
so that you can stop your work[br]and go home

0:38:18.260,0:38:20.880
and enjoy your inbreath and outbreath.

0:38:22.440,0:38:26.100
And you know that when you call[br]Plum Village or Deerpark

0:38:26.100,0:38:29.800
you don't expect them to answer[br]right away after the first ring.

0:38:29.980,0:38:32.000
They are breathing in and out.

0:38:42.420,0:38:47.360
Listen, listen. This wonderful sound[br]brings me back to my true home.

0:38:47.360,0:38:48.900
And you enjoy

0:38:48.900,0:38:52.160
deeply your inbreath[br]and outbreath three times.

0:39:01.000,0:39:03.880
The bell master tonight

0:39:03.880,0:39:05.240
is a monk

0:39:06.460,0:39:07.360
from

0:39:08.400,0:39:09.360
New Zealand:

0:39:17.500,0:39:19.440
Marda Fabvian,

0:39:22.540,0:39:24.540
the field of the Dharma.

0:39:31.020,0:39:31.960
Enjoy

0:39:34.600,0:39:39.520
the mindfulness bell, enjoy your inbreath[br]and outbreath three times.

0:41:32.940,0:41:35.780
If you'd like to use[br]different kind of verses,

0:41:36.840,0:41:39.360
you might use the verse:[br]"I have arrived.

0:41:40.960,0:41:42.100
I'm home."

0:41:44.020,0:41:45.500
"I have arrived.

0:41:46.920,0:41:48.220
I'm home."

0:41:52.900,0:41:54.980
Or you might like to say:

0:41:54.980,0:41:56.380
"I listen,

0:41:56.840,0:41:58.280
I listen deeply".

0:41:58.620,0:42:01.780
This wonderful sound brings me back[br]to my true home.

0:42:02.540,0:42:04.760
Or you may say:

0:42:04.760,0:42:07.520
"Breathing in,[br]I feel calm

0:42:08.200,0:42:09.600
and relaxed,

0:42:10.000,0:42:12.000
breathing out,[br]I smile."

0:42:14.140,0:42:15.260
Calming.

0:42:16.460,0:42:17.400
Smiling.

0:42:20.260,0:42:24.000
Breathing in, I establish myself[br]in the present moment.

0:42:26.120,0:42:30.340
Breathing out, I know[br]this is a wonderful moment.

0:42:32.260,0:42:33.260
Calming,

0:42:34.940,0:42:35.740
smiling.

0:42:37.920,0:42:39.100
Present moment,

0:42:41.200,0:42:42.940
wonderful moment.

0:42:49.860,0:42:52.220
When you come home[br]to the present moment

0:42:54.660,0:42:56.220
with your inbreath

0:42:57.280,0:43:01.040
you become fully alive,[br]fully present.

0:43:01.340,0:43:02.580
You can touch

0:43:02.660,0:43:04.660
life in the here and the now.

0:43:06.240,0:43:08.660
You feel that you are alive.

0:43:10.150,0:43:12.960
You touch the miracle[br]that you are alive.

0:43:13.620,0:43:17.620
Because to be alive[br]that is the greatest of all miracles.

0:43:18.260,0:43:21.440
And with only one inbreath[br]you can touch that miracle.

0:43:23.220,0:43:25.580
That is why[br]you can say:

0:43:25.940,0:43:27.540
"Present moment,

0:43:28.380,0:43:30.380
wonderful moment."

0:43:31.860,0:43:33.554
If someone asks you:

0:43:33.554,0:43:35.554
"My dear friend,

0:43:37.020,0:43:40.700
Has the most wonderful moment[br]of your life arrived?"

0:43:45.420,0:43:49.860
He wants to know whether the most [br]wonderful moment of your life has arrived.

0:43:49.860,0:43:52.160
It would be a pity if[br]such a moment

0:43:53.020,0:43:55.020
does not arrive at all.

0:43:55.680,0:43:58.460
Then, you may have[br]the tendency to say:

0:43:58.760,0:44:02.040
"Oh, it does not seem[br]that it has arrived

0:44:02.180,0:44:03.860
that wonderful moment,

0:44:03.920,0:44:08.640
but I am sure that it will arrive soon,[br]sometime in the future.

0:44:10.420,0:44:13.780
That is our tendency to answer.

0:44:15.480,0:44:17.480
But if we keep living

0:44:18.960,0:44:23.760
like the way we have lived our life[br]in the past 20 years,

0:44:23.760,0:44:25.800
it will not arrive

0:44:25.800,0:44:27.800
in the next 20 years.

0:44:29.460,0:44:31.040
It might not arrive at all

0:44:31.120,0:44:35.460
that moment we call[br]the most wonderful moment of our life.

0:44:38.080,0:44:41.120
And for many, many of us,[br]that moment

0:44:44.060,0:44:45.380
does not arrive

0:44:46.060,0:44:47.040
at all

0:44:51.460,0:44:52.980
until we die.

0:44:55.420,0:44:57.060
The Buddha said:

0:44:57.079,0:45:01.779
"You have to make the present moment[br]into the most wonderful moment of your life."

0:45:02.930,0:45:04.930
And this is possible.

0:45:05.860,0:45:07.540
Because if you

0:45:07.540,0:45:11.220
are able to go home to the present moment[br]to the here and the now,

0:45:11.220,0:45:13.120
become fully alive,

0:45:13.120,0:45:15.000
become fully present,

0:45:15.120,0:45:19.580
you can touch all the wonders of life[br]within yourself and around you.

0:45:19.580,0:45:22.020
Everything belonging to you[br]is a wonder:

0:45:22.660,0:45:24.700
your eye, your ear, your nose,

0:45:25.180,0:45:26.960
your body, your mind.

0:45:29.360,0:45:31.300
And because you are not mindful,

0:45:32.180,0:45:36.360
you don't touch them deeply,[br]you don't know that they are wonders

0:45:37.300,0:45:42.180
until you die and you begin to regret[br]that you have not lived at all.

0:45:42.960,0:45:46.800
That is why our true home[br]must be sought in the here and the now.

0:45:46.980,0:45:48.920
It can be touched[br]in the here and now.

0:46:40.660,0:46:42.040
My true home

0:46:43.820,0:46:45.960
is not limited to...

0:46:48.940,0:46:50.120
...to a place,

0:46:59.340,0:47:00.740
to a time.

0:47:01.760,0:47:03.580
My true home is not Vietnam,

0:47:04.780,0:47:08.600
my true home is not France,[br]my true home is not America.

0:47:09.120,0:47:11.180
my true home is not Africa,

0:47:11.180,0:47:14.000
my true home is not the Palestine,

0:47:16.440,0:47:18.440
my true home is not Israel.

0:47:26.620,0:47:28.180
Although they don't

0:47:28.600,0:47:33.680
let me go back to Vietnam, I still have[br]my true home in the here and the now.

0:47:38.420,0:47:43.440
And maybe they are in vietnam[br]but they don't have a home.

0:47:48.240,0:47:50.200
That is why I don't feel

0:47:50.640,0:47:51.660
as a victim.

0:47:56.440,0:47:59.300
And I don't feel[br]that they are my enemies.

0:48:01.380,0:48:03.460
They are victims of fear.

0:48:07.980,0:48:10.580
They believe that if I go home

0:48:14.440,0:48:17.100
I will create an atmosphere of...

0:48:24.840,0:48:25.920
...of solidarity,

0:48:26.560,0:48:28.740
of friendship, of brotherhood

0:48:29.860,0:48:32.460
that may be threatening to their power.

0:48:36.420,0:48:38.160
And it is fear

0:48:43.600,0:48:45.600
that is an obstacle.

0:48:46.760,0:48:49.820
And I want to help them[br]to be free from fear.

0:48:50.120,0:48:54.320
They are not my enemies,[br]they are the ones I want to help.

0:48:55.540,0:48:59.960
They're objects of my practice[br]of compassion and understanding.

0:48:59.960,0:49:01.740
I have no enemies.

0:49:06.200,0:49:07.380
During the war,

0:49:08.740,0:49:10.040
during the Vietnam War

0:49:24.240,0:49:26.400
it was so difficult for us

0:49:26.580,0:49:27.960
to voice our concern...

0:49:28.940,0:49:32.800
Many of us, most of us[br]did not want the war.

0:49:39.280,0:49:43.380
The war put us in a situation[br]where brothers have to kill brothers.

0:49:45.960,0:49:48.780
And kill with foreign weapons

0:49:49.280,0:49:50.800
and ideologies.

0:49:52.680,0:49:55.900
Communism and anti-communism[br]imported

0:49:57.080,0:49:58.400
were imported.

0:49:58.700,0:50:00.080
Also weapons

0:50:01.160,0:50:03.660
used by the communists were imported.

0:50:05.040,0:50:09.020
Weapons used by the anti-communists[br]were imported.

0:50:12.240,0:50:13.620
They gave us

0:50:14.580,0:50:15.440
guns

0:50:16.360,0:50:20.700
and ideologies and urge us[br]to fight each other and kill each other.

0:50:21.820,0:50:23.800
We started a movement called

0:50:23.940,0:50:25.540
"Don't shoot your brother".

0:50:27.360,0:50:29.820
And our voice was silenced by

0:50:32.720,0:50:33.800
both sides

0:50:33.800,0:50:36.100
both warring parties.

0:50:38.580,0:50:40.100
We try to speak out.

0:50:40.600,0:50:44.180
We try to tell you, in a word,[br]that we don't want the war.

0:50:45.300,0:50:48.380
We don't want[br]the killing of each other

0:50:48.380,0:50:51.540
with foreign weapons[br]and foreign ideologies.

0:50:53.480,0:50:55.660
And yet we were forced

0:50:56.440,0:50:57.360
to do so.

0:50:58.220,0:51:00.880
So those of us[br]who practiced mindfulness,

0:51:02.200,0:51:04.260
understanding and compassion

0:51:04.460,0:51:06.620
we did not want[br]to accept the war.

0:51:06.960,0:51:07.980
We wanted

0:51:09.480,0:51:10.800
to reconcile.

0:51:14.900,0:51:16.900
And our voice was not

0:51:17.420,0:51:19.420
allowed to be heard.

0:51:20.020,0:51:22.820
Sometimes we had[br]to burn ourselves alive

0:51:22.820,0:51:25.540
in order to get[br]the message across.

0:51:27.060,0:51:28.240
*Vietnamese name*

0:51:29.860,0:51:31.020
a friend of mine

0:51:32.940,0:51:33.620
one day

0:51:34.920,0:51:36.660
he burnt himself.

0:51:39.480,0:51:41.540
And his picture

0:51:42.460,0:51:45.060
appeared in the international press.

0:51:46.360,0:51:48.240
I was in New York.

0:51:51.040,0:51:55.020
And I saw that picture[br]on the New York Times front page.

0:51:56.300,0:51:58.060
He's a friend of mine.

0:51:59.600,0:52:01.040
*Vietnamese name*

0:52:01.720,0:52:06.120
one of the first six members[br]of the Order of Interbeing,

0:52:07.740,0:52:09.000
my disciple,

0:52:10.600,0:52:14.100
she burnt herself[br]calling for reconciliation.

0:52:16.060,0:52:18.680
She went to the *Temple name"

0:52:19.200,0:52:21.240
very early in the morning

0:52:24.060,0:52:26.180
about two three o'clock[br]in the morning,

0:52:26.480,0:52:29.400
she put a statue of the Virgin Mary.

0:52:29.540,0:52:31.300
And *Vietnamese name"

0:52:31.840,0:52:34.680
she left behind[br]a set of letters

0:52:35.520,0:52:36.820
calling for

0:52:39.700,0:52:41.700
the President of North Vietnam,

0:52:42.320,0:52:44.460
the President of South Vietnam,

0:52:44.820,0:52:47.800
for everyone[br]to come together and stop

0:52:48.880,0:52:50.820
the act of killing each other.

0:52:50.820,0:52:55.040
And then she doused herself with gasoline[br]and she burnt herself.

0:52:55.440,0:52:57.420
*Vietnamese name"[br]is a very close

0:52:58.220,0:53:03.600
sister, close friend of sukkot uncle[br]sister jane come to emptiness.

0:53:06.320,0:53:08.000
I was embarrassed.

0:53:08.720,0:53:11.260
She left behind[br]a letter for me:

0:53:11.260,0:53:13.140
"Thai, don't worry,

0:53:13.600,0:53:15.340
peace will come.

0:53:17.080,0:53:20.020
Don't suffer too much,[br]don't worry."

0:53:20.640,0:53:22.260
She was about to die

0:53:23.400,0:53:26.440
but she tried[br]to comfort me, her teacher.

0:53:29.560,0:53:34.340
It's very, very difficult for us[br]to voice our concern

0:53:36.160,0:53:38.600
although we were the majority

0:53:41.360,0:53:42.680
in the country.

0:53:43.440,0:53:46.020
We didn't want the war.

0:53:49.840,0:53:51.480
My book of poetry,

0:53:53.940,0:53:55.460
peace poetry,

0:53:56.960,0:53:59.920
I like to call it peace poetry

0:53:59.920,0:54:02.800
rather than anti-war poetry:

0:54:05.260,0:54:10.340
"He was condemned by the North[br]and confiscated by the South."

0:54:15.760,0:54:19.280
So, when Cornell University[br]invited me to come

0:54:22.780,0:54:25.260
and gave a series of lectures,

0:54:27.360,0:54:31.060
I took the opportunity to go out

0:54:31.880,0:54:33.320
and to call for peace.

0:54:51.260,0:54:54.340
And in June the 1st

0:54:56.640,0:54:57.740
in the year

0:55:00.620,0:55:01.520
1966

0:55:21.280,0:55:24.200
I met Martin Luther King in Chicago.

0:55:31.360,0:55:33.560
Exactly one year before,

0:55:46.940,0:55:48.940
really one year before,

0:55:53.040,0:55:55.400
on June the first

0:55:57.400,0:55:59.400
1965, I wrote him a letter

0:56:01.820,0:56:04.820
explaining to him why[br]we had burnt ourselves.

0:56:06.020,0:56:08.920
This is not an act of suicide,

0:56:09.660,0:56:11.660
this is an act of love.

0:56:20.820,0:56:23.400
You want to transmit a message

0:56:25.820,0:56:28.320
but you have no other ways,

0:56:28.660,0:56:32.320
you have to burn yourself[br]in order for your message to get across.

0:56:32.700,0:56:37.620
So, the suffering of the monk who[br]burnt herself to get the message across,

0:56:37.720,0:56:40.260
a message of love and compassion,

0:56:42.060,0:56:47.720
is of the same nature of the act[br]of Jesus Christ dying on the cross.

0:56:49.160,0:56:51.600
Dying with no hate

0:56:53.480,0:56:54.660
no anger

0:56:55.040,0:56:56.660
only with compassion.

0:56:58.260,0:56:59.460
Leaving behind

0:57:00.840,0:57:03.120
a compassionate call

0:57:05.640,0:57:06.560
for peace,

0:57:06.900,0:57:08.140
for brotherhood.

0:57:09.500,0:57:14.480
So, exactly one year after,[br]I met him in Chicago.

0:57:15.780,0:57:17.840
We talked for some time

0:57:18.600,0:57:20.200
and then, after that,

0:57:22.360,0:57:24.580
we went out to meet with the press.

0:57:26.880,0:57:31.020
And that day he came out[br]against the war in Vietnam.

0:57:33.780,0:57:35.320
That is the day when

0:57:35.900,0:57:37.600
we combined our efforts

0:57:39.020,0:57:40.960
of working for peace in Vietnam

0:57:41.100,0:57:45.600
and fighting for civil rights in America.

0:58:03.500,0:58:05.840
Two years later I met him again

0:58:06.020,0:58:07.120
in Geneva

0:58:13.520,0:58:16.340
in a conference call opossum in terrace

0:58:16.340,0:58:20.080
organized by the World Council of Churches.

0:58:21.940,0:58:24.840
There're people like Linus Pauling

0:58:26.240,0:58:27.900
at the conference.

0:58:32.840,0:58:35.960
He [MLK] stayed[br]in the 11th floor.

0:58:37.160,0:58:41.940
I was on the 4th floor.[br]He invited me up for breakfast.

0:59:02.900,0:59:05.500
I was retained by the press,

0:59:05.920,0:59:07.920
I came up late.

0:59:10.640,0:59:14.060
And he kept the breakfast warm for me.[br]He waited for me.

0:59:18.760,0:59:23.980
I told him: "Martin, you know something,[br]in Vietnam they call you a bodhisattva".

0:59:24.420,0:59:26.420
[person in crowd] A what?

0:59:26.980,0:59:29.080
They call you a bodhisattva:

0:59:29.480,0:59:31.480
an enlightened being

0:59:33.840,0:59:36.540
trying to awaken other living beings

0:59:40.940,0:59:46.080
and help them go in a direction[br]of compassion and understanding.

0:59:52.560,0:59:55.620
I'm glad I had the chance to tell him

0:59:57.180,1:00:01.240
because a few months later[br]he was assassinated in Memphis.

1:00:17.920,1:00:19.480
We were in France

1:00:21.280,1:00:23.840
we had a bureau office

1:00:24.340,1:00:28.100
representing the Buddhist community[br]in Vietnam.

1:00:35.160,1:00:40.280
We wanted to represent the mass of people[br]who did not have a voice,

1:00:40.820,1:00:43.600
who did not have a chance to speak out.

1:00:45.520,1:00:47.520
So we live as a community

1:00:48.180,1:00:49.260
in Paris

1:00:50.660,1:00:52.020
and our office

1:00:54.200,1:00:56.600
in a poor quarter of Paris

1:00:57.300,1:00:58.680
number eleven

1:01:00.420,1:01:01.540
*street name".

1:01:04.700,1:01:06.700
And that quarters

1:01:07.480,1:01:11.060
were inhabited more by people

1:01:12.420,1:01:14.000
of Arab origin.

1:01:25.700,1:01:30.740
Every time I applied for a visa to go to America[br]it was turned down.

1:01:31.320,1:01:32.480
Automatically.

1:01:33.680,1:01:36.020
They didn't want me to come to America

1:01:36.520,1:01:39.580
because they believed that

1:01:41.020,1:01:43.740
I harm, I might be harmful,

1:01:43.740,1:01:47.520
I may be an obstacle[br]for the war efforts in Vietnam.

1:01:49.300,1:01:52.340
I was not allowed to go to America,

1:01:52.340,1:01:55.540
I wasn't allowed to go to England!

1:02:00.580,1:02:02.580
Every time I wanted

1:02:02.960,1:02:06.860
to go to America on a speaking tour,[br]I had

1:02:08.200,1:02:09.940
to write a letter

1:02:10.820,1:02:13.460
to someone like Senator McGovern

1:02:15.960,1:02:17.960
or Senator

1:02:18.300,1:02:19.840
Robert Kennedy

1:02:20.380,1:02:23.600
asking them to send me[br]a letter of invitation.

1:02:26.600,1:02:29.040
And the letter is something like this:

1:02:29.060,1:02:33.940
"Dear Thich Nhat Hanh, I'd like to know more about[br]the situation of the war in Vietnam.

1:02:33.940,1:02:35.760
Please come and inform me.

1:02:35.760,1:02:40.580
And if you have difficulties concerning the visa,[br]please telephone me at this number.

1:02:41.340,1:02:44.080
Only with such a letter that I could

1:02:45.320,1:02:46.420
have a visa

1:02:46.420,1:02:49.920
otherwise, it's no way.

1:02:54.640,1:02:58.700
I remember one day I flew from Japan[br]back to Paris

1:02:58.700,1:03:00.700
I did not have a visa

1:03:04.840,1:03:05.740
for transit

1:03:07.480,1:03:09.480
in Seattle.

1:03:10.560,1:03:12.700
I flew from Tokyo

1:03:13.360,1:03:16.760
to New York via Seattle[br]and then to Paris.

1:03:17.280,1:03:22.180
I want to stop in New York to meet[br]with a friend in the peace movement

1:03:22.180,1:03:25.460
Alfred Hassler, [br]of the Fellowship of Reconciliation.

1:03:26.720,1:03:29.780
And when I landed in Seattle

1:03:33.520,1:03:36.100
I was locked in a place

1:03:36.200,1:03:39.580
where I could not see anyone.

1:03:40.640,1:03:45.000
I look around and see many pictures hang:[br]"Wanted" "Wanted" "Wanted"

1:03:49.680,1:03:51.420
They took my passport.

1:03:53.340,1:03:55.340
They didn't allow me

1:04:04.440,1:04:06.440
to be in touch with anyone.

1:04:07.800,1:04:08.800
And then,

1:04:13.840,1:04:18.840
when the plane is about to take off[br]they gave my passport back.

1:04:19.860,1:04:21.860
It's very difficult.

1:04:23.960,1:04:26.920
One day when I was in Washington DC,

1:04:29.360,1:04:31.100
I told you already

1:04:31.420,1:04:33.100
the Baltimore Sun

1:04:34.220,1:04:37.240
reporter came and informed me that

1:04:38.900,1:04:42.400
there's a dispatch from Saigon

1:04:42.760,1:04:47.000
informing the government[br]of the United States of America,

1:04:49.080,1:04:51.360
of France, of England

1:04:52.220,1:04:54.520
United Kingdom and of Japan

1:04:55.140,1:04:58.560
asking them not to honor[br]the passport of Thich Nhat Hanh

1:04:59.780,1:05:03.380
because he has been saying things[br]that are not helpful

1:05:04.560,1:05:06.560
to the war efforts against communism.

1:05:11.200,1:05:12.980
And in Vietnam

1:05:12.980,1:05:14.620
my books, my articles

1:05:15.500,1:05:17.500
my poetry was banned

1:05:17.640,1:05:20.480
by both the communists[br]and the anti-communists.

1:05:27.300,1:05:29.300
I risk deportation

1:05:31.700,1:05:33.420
and put in jail

1:05:33.800,1:05:36.580
because of what I had done:

1:05:37.260,1:05:39.240
calling for peace

1:05:39.240,1:05:40.900
and speaking

1:05:41.340,1:05:43.340
against the war.

1:05:55.160,1:05:57.380
It was my intention to

1:06:04.120,1:06:05.620
go only

1:06:05.620,1:06:07.280
three months

1:06:07.840,1:06:10.760
to give the series of lectures in Cornell

1:06:10.780,1:06:13.080
and then to make a tour

1:06:13.080,1:06:16.460
of America and Europe and go home.

1:06:17.300,1:06:18.300
I was

1:06:20.180,1:06:24.080
working with my friends[br]in a school of youth for social service

1:06:26.380,1:06:31.740
the Van Hahn Buddhist University[br]that I had founded in 1964.

1:06:33.480,1:06:35.080
All my friends,

1:06:35.980,1:06:37.840
co-workers were in Vietnam.

1:06:38.200,1:06:40.280
I didn't want to go very long.

1:06:40.400,1:06:41.480
I intended

1:06:43.680,1:06:45.920
to come here only for three months.

1:06:47.940,1:06:53.300
But it has been 38 years already.[br]I have not been able to go home 38 years.

1:06:57.600,1:06:59.600
And that is why I have been

1:06:59.600,1:07:01.380
sharing the practice

1:07:02.280,1:07:05.060
with friends in Europe, in America,

1:07:05.620,1:07:07.460
in other countries.

1:07:10.900,1:07:14.500
But because I have found[br]my true home

1:07:15.400,1:07:16.940
I don't suffer.

1:07:27.900,1:07:33.280
The truth is that during the first year[br]of my exile, it was difficult,

1:07:34.460,1:07:35.940
quite difficult.

1:07:40.400,1:07:42.480
Although I was already 40,

1:07:49.080,1:07:52.380
although I was already a dharma teacher

1:07:52.640,1:07:55.760
having many monks and nuns

1:08:00.700,1:08:02.960
as students, disciples

1:08:03.460,1:08:07.080
and yet I had not found my true home.

1:08:09.060,1:08:14.080
I can give very good lectures on Buddhism,[br]on the practice of Buddhism

1:08:21.720,1:08:22.620
But I

1:08:24.660,1:08:26.660
had not trully arrived.

1:08:28.700,1:08:31.960
Intellectually, I had a lot of Buddhism

1:08:34.439,1:08:36.439
I had been trained

1:08:37.260,1:08:40.180
several years in a Buddhist institute

1:08:40.600,1:08:43.520
and practiced since the time I was 16.

1:08:47.200,1:08:52.340
During the time I was a young monk,[br]I try my best to renew Buddhism,

1:08:53.100,1:08:56.319
update Buddhism so that it can respond

1:08:57.160,1:09:00.000
to the real situation of suffering.

1:09:02.939,1:09:05.080
Called Engaged Buddhism.

1:09:06.319,1:09:09.800
The kind of Buddhism that can offer you[br]the answers

1:09:10.240,1:09:13.160
to the burning questions of society

1:09:14.800,1:09:18.020
questions like war, social injustice,

1:09:18.020,1:09:20.580
political suppression, poverty,

1:09:22.600,1:09:24.279
violence and so on.

1:09:30.020,1:09:32.300
It was very difficult for me

1:09:32.300,1:09:34.580
during the first two years

1:09:36.439,1:09:41.319
because my intention was[br]to bring about informations to the world,

1:09:41.540,1:09:44.580
the kind of information[br]that were not available

1:09:47.140,1:09:52.800
to people because the warring parties[br]had all the mass media.

1:09:59.880,1:10:01.620
In speaking tour,

1:10:02.840,1:10:05.080
either I slept

1:10:07.440,1:10:09.500
one or two night in each city,

1:10:10.440,1:10:12.200
in America, in Europe,

1:10:12.920,1:10:14.380
in Australia,

1:10:14.840,1:10:15.840
and so on.

1:10:15.980,1:10:17.400
The whole time

1:10:18.320,1:10:20.040
when I woke up

1:10:20.500,1:10:23.340
at night I did not know where I was.

1:10:24.620,1:10:27.020
Very difficult, very hard.

1:10:27.880,1:10:28.780
And after,

1:10:31.780,1:10:35.980
I had to breathe in and out[br]and to find out where I was,

1:10:37.540,1:10:39.020
what city, what country.

1:10:41.180,1:10:43.900
And I dreamt of going home

1:10:44.340,1:10:49.300
to my root temple in central Vietnam[br]climbing a hill,

1:10:52.480,1:10:53.860
a green hill,

1:10:54.940,1:10:56.340
beautiful trees.

1:10:57.220,1:11:01.560
And half the way to the top of the hill[br]I woke up

1:11:02.480,1:11:04.760
and realized that I was in exile.

1:11:06.800,1:11:11.020
And the same kind of dream[br]repeated again and again.

1:11:14.460,1:11:16.220
I was very active.

1:11:16.420,1:11:18.600
I was making friends

1:11:18.600,1:11:20.840
with many people:

1:11:22.740,1:11:24.160
Catholic priests,

1:11:24.560,1:11:26.240
Protestant ministers,

1:11:28.840,1:11:29.960
professors,

1:11:31.000,1:11:32.200
young people,

1:11:33.200,1:11:34.380
children.

1:11:35.580,1:11:39.100
And my practice was the practice[br]of mindfulness. I try

1:11:40.200,1:11:45.600
to live in the here and the now[br]and touch the wonders of life in my daily life.

1:11:47.040,1:11:49.160
I survived by that practice.

1:11:51.160,1:11:55.240
The trees in Europe were so different[br]from the trees in Vietnam:

1:11:55.240,1:11:59.380
the fruits, the flowers, they're all different.[br]And the people also.

1:11:59.600,1:12:01.900
So I learnt to make friends

1:12:06.240,1:12:09.940
and play with German children,[br]French children,

1:12:10.100,1:12:11.600
African children,

1:12:13.260,1:12:14.480
British children.

1:12:14.500,1:12:16.480
I big friend with

1:12:17.980,1:12:20.420
Anglican priest, Catholic priest,

1:12:20.740,1:12:22.860
Protestant ministers and so on.

1:12:29.380,1:12:31.240
But thanks to that practice

1:12:34.600,1:12:35.960
I was able

1:12:36.660,1:12:39.700
to find my true home[br]in the here and the now.

1:12:44.620,1:12:46.220
And I stop suffering

1:12:46.580,1:12:50.180
and the dream[br]did not come back anymore.

1:12:56.760,1:13:01.400
People think that I suffer[br]when I cannot go back to Vetnam, but

1:13:02.620,1:13:03.960
that's not the case.

1:13:04.560,1:13:07.800
If I go to Vietnam,[br]that will be a joy.

1:13:08.780,1:13:13.980
To be able to offer the teaching to[br]the monks, the nuns and lay people there

1:13:13.980,1:13:15.460
and talk to the artists,

1:13:18.720,1:13:21.080
to the writers and others.

1:13:21.260,1:13:23.240
But if I cannot go,

1:13:23.240,1:13:25.240
I don't have to suffer.

1:13:27.560,1:13:29.560
I can meet with people, other people

1:13:29.960,1:13:31.060
in other countries,

1:13:31.060,1:13:37.280
like in China, in Korea,[br]in Japan, in Spain, in England,

1:13:39.400,1:13:40.600
in Canada

1:13:41.900,1:13:42.880
and so on.

1:13:52.520,1:13:54.300
And the formula:

1:13:54.540,1:13:56.140
"I have arrived,

1:13:57.900,1:13:58.900
I'm home"

1:14:04.060,1:14:04.860
is

1:14:09.420,1:14:13.460
the embodiment,[br]the expression of my practice.

1:14:19.680,1:14:23.500
It express my understanding[br]of the teaching of the Buddha.

1:14:23.800,1:14:24.460
It is

1:14:25.260,1:14:28.180
the cream of my practice:[br]I have arrived, I'm home.

1:14:29.100,1:14:34.100
And since the time I've found[br]my true home, I did not suffer anymore.

1:14:40.600,1:14:43.540
The past is longer a prison for me.

1:14:46.300,1:14:47.320
The future

1:14:50.640,1:14:52.640
is no longer a prison

1:14:53.640,1:14:54.580
for me.

1:14:56.420,1:14:59.140
I'm able to live[br]in the here and the now.

1:15:00.000,1:15:02.580
I'm able to touch my true home.

1:15:04.480,1:15:06.220
And I know that

1:15:07.840,1:15:08.720
the future

1:15:10.640,1:15:11.740
is available

1:15:13.400,1:15:14.960
through the present.

1:15:17.360,1:15:19.360
This is what I have found.

1:15:21.920,1:15:24.480
When you touch[br]the present moment deeply,

1:15:27.340,1:15:28.820
you touch the past.

1:15:29.980,1:15:33.360
And if you know how to handle[br]the present moment properly,

1:15:33.360,1:15:35.140
you heal the past.

1:15:43.280,1:15:47.940
Many think that the past is already gone,[br]you cannot do anything.

1:15:47.940,1:15:51.920
You cannot go back to the past[br]and fix things and repair things.

1:15:52.180,1:15:54.840
But according to this teaching[br]of the Buddha

1:15:56.740,1:16:00.040
the past is still there[br]with all the pain and suffering.

1:16:02.300,1:16:05.500
If you know how to come home[br]to the present moment

1:16:05.500,1:16:08.220
and touch the present moment deeply

1:16:08.220,1:16:09.700
you touch the past,

1:16:10.420,1:16:12.420
and you can heal the past.

1:16:14.520,1:16:18.160
And when you heal yourself,[br]you heal your ancestors.

1:16:18.860,1:16:20.220
And this is possible.

1:16:21.200,1:16:24.040
My ancestors have suffered in me.

1:16:24.560,1:16:26.060
I've also suffered.

1:16:26.680,1:16:28.680
And since I am able to

1:16:29.300,1:16:30.260
touch

1:16:30.920,1:16:34.340
the present moment deeply,[br]I heal myself

1:16:34.500,1:16:37.880
and I heal my ancestors[br]including my

1:16:38.940,1:16:39.800
parents,

1:16:40.080,1:16:41.440
my father,

1:16:41.440,1:16:42.940
my mother,

1:16:44.320,1:16:48.940
my brother, my sister,[br]my grandfather, my grandmother.

1:16:49.680,1:16:51.560
When I practice walking,

1:16:52.200,1:16:54.620
I generate energy of freedom

1:16:57.700,1:16:59.080
and solidity.

1:17:00.640,1:17:03.020
And I feel that all my ancestors

1:17:04.960,1:17:10.140
enjoy the freedom and the solidity[br]that I generate with the practice of walk.

1:17:15.060,1:17:16.760
Because, to me,

1:17:19.580,1:17:23.160
my ancestors are always alive in me,

1:17:27.340,1:17:30.980
fully present in me,[br]in every cell of my body.

1:17:31.680,1:17:33.880
And if I'm free, they're free.

1:17:34.220,1:17:36.020
If I heal, they heal.

1:17:37.460,1:17:40.280
When I take a step[br]with solidity and freedom,

1:17:40.280,1:17:42.460
all of them take the step with me.

1:17:46.460,1:17:49.680
And you have to take that step[br]with all your being.

1:17:51.940,1:17:55.740
full awareness, full concentration[br]in order for the step

1:17:57.980,1:18:00.160
to be a really solid,[br]to be free.

1:18:01.920,1:18:06.380
In order for you to be able to touch life,[br]the oneness of life in that moment.

1:18:06.940,1:18:08.940
That is healing and

1:18:09.320,1:18:10.340
nourishing.

1:18:12.360,1:18:15.500
So the act of making a step[br]is an act of freedom,

1:18:16.040,1:18:17.500
act of liberation.

1:18:17.860,1:18:21.160
You liberate yourself,[br]you liberate your ancestors.

1:18:23.520,1:18:25.480
It's an act of revolution.

1:18:25.920,1:18:27.920
Please, believe me.

1:18:30.220,1:18:35.540
You cannot make such a step unless [br]you invest entirely your body and your mind

1:18:36.320,1:18:37.240
100%

1:18:39.340,1:18:41.120
When you breathe in,

1:18:41.760,1:18:42.880
you bring

1:18:42.880,1:18:44.080
all yourself together,

1:18:44.520,1:18:45.900
body and mind.

1:18:46.660,1:18:48.180
You become one.

1:18:49.860,1:18:53.560
And equipped with that energy[br]of mindfulness and concentration,

1:18:54.240,1:18:55.520
you make a step

1:18:56.600,1:18:58.600
and you have inside that

1:19:00.080,1:19:01.840
this is your true home.

1:19:04.080,1:19:08.060
You are alive, you are fully present,[br]you are touching life

1:19:08.680,1:19:10.100
as a reality.

1:19:14.200,1:19:17.700
Your true home[br]is not an abstract idea,

1:19:17.940,1:19:21.060
it is as a solid reality[br]that you can touch

1:19:22.520,1:19:25.240
with your feet[br]with your hand

1:19:26.980,1:19:28.640
and with your mind.

1:19:33.680,1:19:37.080
The kingdom of God[br]or the pure land of Buddha

1:19:37.080,1:19:38.760
for me[br]they are not

1:19:39.860,1:19:41.020
abstract ideas.

1:19:41.940,1:19:45.240
It's something you can touch[br]in every moment, you can live

1:19:46.680,1:19:48.220
in every moment.

1:19:49.540,1:19:51.820
It is available[br]in the here and the now.

1:19:53.160,1:19:56.320
If you know[br]how to make yourself available

1:19:56.320,1:19:58.300
then the kingdom[br]is available,

1:19:58.300,1:20:00.000
the pure land is available,

1:20:00.140,1:20:02.760
your true home is available.

1:20:03.080,1:20:05.000
And nobody can

1:20:05.580,1:20:07.580
take away that true home.

1:20:12.580,1:20:15.120
They can occupy your country,[br]yes.

1:20:17.740,1:20:20.340
They can put you in prison,[br]yes.

1:20:21.240,1:20:24.940
But they cannot take away[br]your true home, your freedom.

1:20:39.960,1:20:42.200
So, it's very important[br]it's very...

1:20:42.920,1:20:44.900
fundamental, it's very basic

1:20:46.100,1:20:48.300
that you touch your true home.

1:20:50.420,1:20:52.880
And you'll realize your true home

1:20:52.880,1:20:54.580
in the here and the now.

1:20:55.120,1:20:59.360
And the energy with which[br]you can do so is mindfulness

1:20:59.760,1:21:01.140
and concentration.

1:21:01.580,1:21:04.020
And these are energies of the Buddha.

1:21:06.200,1:21:08.000
All of us have

1:21:08.020,1:21:08.880
the seed

1:21:09.380,1:21:12.540
of mindfulness and concentration in us.

1:21:18.080,1:21:19.520
This is a fact.

1:21:20.220,1:21:23.780
Because all of us[br]are capable of drinking

1:21:24.640,1:21:26.260
our tea mindfully.

1:21:32.420,1:21:36.180
When I drink my tea,[br]I want to really drink my tea.

1:21:45.700,1:21:50.560
I might like to breathe in [br]to bring my mind home to my body

1:21:51.900,1:21:54.960
and establish myself fully [br]in the here and the now.

1:21:55.400,1:21:57.240
You have to be there,

1:21:59.160,1:22:00.160
fully

1:22:01.340,1:22:03.340
and when you are there fully

1:22:05.000,1:22:07.420
the tea will be there for your fully.

1:22:09.720,1:22:12.820
If you are not there,[br]the tea is just

1:22:18.200,1:22:20.420
something like a...

1:22:20.940,1:22:21.900
ghost

1:22:22.020,1:22:23.480
not very real.

1:22:27.820,1:22:29.820
Mindfulness help you

1:22:32.740,1:22:34.500
to become fully...

1:22:35.320,1:22:36.420
present

1:22:36.740,1:22:39.140
and fully alive[br]in the here and the now.

1:22:41.800,1:22:45.520
It does not take long[br]it might take just one step

1:22:45.520,1:22:47.100
one inbreath.

1:22:48.340,1:22:53.780
And by making a step or breathing in[br]you bring your mind back to your body.

1:22:55.680,1:22:57.080
In your daily life

1:22:58.860,1:23:00.820
your body may be here

1:23:01.620,1:23:03.420
but your mind may be...

1:23:04.280,1:23:05.220
there.

1:23:05.320,1:23:07.560
They go in two different directions.

1:23:10.760,1:23:14.080
And you are in a state of distraction:

1:23:16.100,1:23:17.600
mind and body

1:23:18.420,1:23:20.260
are away from each other.

1:23:20.520,1:23:23.160
Your mind may be occupied,

1:23:23.720,1:23:27.320
preoccupied by[br]your project, your fear, your anger.

1:23:30.300,1:23:33.300
Caught in the past,[br]caught in the future.

1:23:33.540,1:23:36.920
But between your mind[br]and your body there is something:

1:23:37.800,1:23:39.480
your breath.

1:23:46.460,1:23:53.300
And as soon as you go home to your breath:[br]breathing in I know I am getting in,

1:23:54.780,1:23:57.680
and then your body and your mind[br]come together

1:23:59.040,1:24:00.760
very quickly.

1:24:01.420,1:24:04.320
While breathing in,[br]you don't think of anything

1:24:04.320,1:24:07.360
you just focus your attention[br]to your inbreath.

1:24:07.980,1:24:09.000
You focus.

1:24:09.880,1:24:15.500
You invest 100% of yourself into your inbreath,[br]you become your inbreath.

1:24:16.580,1:24:19.500
There is a concentration[br]mindfulness of your inbreath

1:24:19.500,1:24:24.280
concentration and your inbreath[br]that will make body and mind come together

1:24:24.860,1:24:26.440
in just one moment.

1:24:27.020,1:24:30.920
And suddenly you become[br]fully present, fully alive.

1:24:35.360,1:24:37.620
In the state of being

1:24:37.620,1:24:39.660
you pick up your tea

1:24:40.240,1:24:42.800
and the tea[br]become a reality,

1:24:46.060,1:24:47.240
not a ghost.

1:24:48.040,1:24:51.840
And when you drink your tea[br]you are just drinking your tea.

1:24:53.500,1:24:55.500
That's called "mindful drinking".

1:24:56.780,1:24:58.560
There's no thinking.

1:24:58.880,1:25:01.240
Just drinking, deep drinking.

1:25:01.860,1:25:05.620
You are real[br]and the tea is real.

1:25:06.820,1:25:10.720
And when you are real,[br]the tea is real, life is real.

1:25:14.240,1:25:16.420
And many people live

1:25:16.740,1:25:18.380
in a dream

1:25:20.400,1:25:21.540
because

1:25:23.080,1:25:27.000
they are not in the present moment,[br]they don't know what is

1:25:27.920,1:25:29.560
going on in the present moment.

1:25:30.600,1:25:33.980
But because you're able to bring[br]your mind back to your body

1:25:33.980,1:25:38.120
you are fully present and[br]you become aware of what is going on.

1:25:38.640,1:25:41.240
What is going on is that I

1:25:41.240,1:25:42.800
enjoy my tea

1:25:44.860,1:25:47.500
There is no thinking at all,[br]it's only

1:25:49.340,1:25:51.120
drinking of tea.

1:25:51.400,1:25:55.180
In that moment I live deeply[br]the moment of drinking my tea.

1:26:01.040,1:26:02.800
When I breath in,

1:26:05.080,1:26:07.520
I become fully aware of my inbreath.

1:26:09.340,1:26:12.120
My inbreath becomes[br]the object of mindfulness.

1:26:12.780,1:26:15.960
My inbreath becomes[br]the object of my concentration.

1:26:16.520,1:26:20.180
And that's why[br]my body comes home to my...

1:26:20.520,1:26:21.420
mind.

1:26:21.920,1:26:24.380
My mind comes home[br]to my body right away.

1:26:25.080,1:26:27.760
Then I become fully present.

1:26:33.140,1:26:36.000
Suppose you,[br]a group of people,

1:26:37.640,1:26:40.540
stand there and contemplate

1:26:40.720,1:26:42.700
a beautiful sunset.

1:26:50.080,1:26:52.420
If you keep thinking about the past

1:26:52.920,1:26:55.200
or thinking about the future

1:26:55.840,1:26:57.140
and your project,

1:26:57.360,1:27:00.900
you're are not really there[br]contemplating the sunset.

1:27:06.800,1:27:08.720
The sunset is not for you.

1:27:09.480,1:27:13.180
So if you practice breathing in and out[br]become and become

1:27:16.280,1:27:20.380
available in the here and the now[br]and this beautiful sunset is for you.

1:27:20.800,1:27:23.980
Breathing in I know the sunset is there.

1:27:24.020,1:27:26.980
Breathing out I smile[br]to the beautiful sunset.

1:27:27.280,1:27:29.360
In that moment,[br]life is real.

1:27:35.880,1:27:37.880
And you have your true home.

1:28:19.260,1:28:21.860
When you go back[br]to the present moment,

1:28:22.200,1:28:25.240
you might encounter[br]the wonders of life

1:28:25.640,1:28:29.220
that are refreshing and healing.[br]You might encounter

1:28:30.580,1:28:31.480
suffering,

1:28:35.200,1:28:36.160
violence,

1:28:37.260,1:28:38.200
hate,

1:28:38.860,1:28:39.800
fear,

1:28:40.280,1:28:41.340
discrimination.

1:28:53.640,1:28:56.160
And if you are a good practitioner,

1:28:57.020,1:28:59.840
you have enough mindfulness in order to

1:29:06.540,1:29:07.420
handle

1:29:09.920,1:29:12.920
whatever need to be handled.

1:29:15.780,1:29:19.680
Suppose anger is coming up[br]in you

1:29:19.680,1:29:21.120
as an energy.

1:29:24.980,1:29:29.100
As a practitioner,[br]you don't allow anger to be alone

1:29:30.740,1:29:31.400
in you.

1:29:32.020,1:29:38.140
Because if you let anger to be alone in you,[br]anger will cause a lot of damage

1:29:39.280,1:29:41.060
in your body, in your mind

1:29:41.680,1:29:43.360
and maybe around you.

1:29:44.000,1:29:47.100
That is why we practice[br]mindfulness of anger:

1:29:48.780,1:29:50.640
breathing in I know

1:29:50.800,1:29:52.800
anger is in me,

1:29:52.800,1:29:54.160
breathing out

1:29:54.320,1:29:56.320
I smile to my anger,

1:29:56.740,1:29:58.420
I embrace my anger.

1:30:06.880,1:30:08.980
You have a seed of anger

1:30:10.600,1:30:11.900
deep in yourself.

1:30:15.700,1:30:19.140
But you also have a seed[br]of mindfulness deep in yourself ,

1:30:19.880,1:30:22.060
you have a seed of compassion[br]in yourself.

1:30:25.300,1:30:29.600
When anger is touched,[br]when the seed of anger is touched,

1:30:30.240,1:30:32.280
it manifests in through

1:30:34.000,1:30:36.000
a kind of energy[br]called anger.

1:30:45.240,1:30:47.860
Suppose this is your consciousness.

1:30:49.280,1:30:51.280
It has two layers.

1:30:52.040,1:30:56.300
The lower layers co is called[br]store consciousness.

1:31:00.020,1:31:03.960
And the upper layer is called[br]mind consciousness.

1:31:07.060,1:31:09.060
You have a seed of anger here.

1:31:10.120,1:31:13.200
You also have a seed of joy,

1:31:13.240,1:31:15.160
of mindfulness,

1:31:15.160,1:31:17.920
of compassion, of non-discrimination.

1:31:18.340,1:31:23.380
You have a seed of anger, of despair,[br]of jealousy, of discrimination

1:31:23.920,1:31:25.920
in the depth of your consciousness.

1:31:27.860,1:31:29.700
But when the seed of anger

1:31:30.160,1:31:32.600
is left alone there,

1:31:33.220,1:31:35.020
in the store consciousness,

1:31:36.000,1:31:40.200
you don't water it, no one come[br]and touch it, you're okay.

1:31:41.160,1:31:44.300
You can laugh you,[br]you may have a good time,

1:31:45.420,1:31:49.440
but that does not mean that[br]you don't have the seed of anger in you.

1:31:51.560,1:31:54.320
As soon you hear[br]someone saying something

1:31:54.320,1:31:58.380
or doing something[br]the seed of anger in you is touched.

1:31:59.460,1:32:02.560
And it become a zone of energy

1:32:02.900,1:32:06.060
under the realm of mind consciousness.

1:32:10.620,1:32:11.940
In Buddhism

1:32:11.940,1:32:14.340
we call it a mental formation.

1:32:16.840,1:32:19.060
Anger is a mental formation.

1:32:28.940,1:32:32.280
In my tradition we speak of 51

1:32:33.020,1:32:36.060
categories of mental formations,

1:32:40.480,1:32:43.020
We have a seed[br]of discrimination in us.

1:32:43.720,1:32:47.760
We have a seed[br]of non-discrimination in us.

1:32:52.840,1:32:53.900
That is true.

1:32:57.040,1:33:01.560
If the seed of discrimination is watered[br]every day becomes very important.

1:33:04.000,1:33:08.680
And it doesn't allow the seed[br]of non-discrimination to manifest.

1:33:09.320,1:33:10.760
If the seed of anger

1:33:11.700,1:33:15.380
becomes stronger and stronger[br]every day, the seed of compassion

1:33:16.500,1:33:18.500
have less chance.

1:33:19.600,1:33:21.100
And that is why

1:33:22.760,1:33:26.000
every time a negative seed[br]is touched

1:33:26.000,1:33:27.980
and manifest

1:33:29.440,1:33:31.440
we have to take care of it.

1:33:32.920,1:33:34.920
That is why

1:33:35.480,1:33:38.240
I spoke about mindfulness of anger.

1:33:40.660,1:33:44.020
Mindfulness is the capacity of knowing[br]what is happening

1:33:44.020,1:33:47.760
what is happening is[br]anger has manifested.

1:33:49.200,1:33:51.260
So as a practitioner

1:33:51.260,1:33:55.080
you ask the seed of mindfulness[br]to manifest at the same time.

1:33:57.520,1:34:00.720
And if you are a diligent practitioner

1:34:02.160,1:34:05.340
the seed of mindfulness in you[br]is strong enough

1:34:07.800,1:34:11.700
and it's very easy for you[br]to touch and invite it to come up

1:34:12.880,1:34:16.080
and it come up[br]become a zone of energy.

1:34:21.520,1:34:24.340
Suppose anger is energy 1.

1:34:25.880,1:34:28.180
Mindfulness is energy 2.

1:34:32.280,1:34:35.200
Mindfulness is[br]mindfulness of something.

1:34:37.020,1:34:38.040
And here

1:34:38.360,1:34:40.240
mindfulness of anger.

1:34:41.740,1:34:43.740
Mindfulness here has

1:34:45.460,1:34:48.020
the following function:[br]recognizing

1:34:56.280,1:34:58.380
anger as anger.

1:35:00.940,1:35:05.000
Mindfulness of breathing:[br]breathing in I know this is my inbreath.

1:35:06.080,1:35:08.720
Breathing out[br]I know this is my outbreath.

1:35:09.040,1:35:11.700
Recognizing inbreath as inbreath,

1:35:11.840,1:35:14.260
recognizing outbreath as outbreath.

1:35:15.380,1:35:18.080
Recognizing drinking as drinking,

1:35:18.560,1:35:21.040
recognizing walking as walking.

1:35:21.080,1:35:23.980
That's the function of mindfulness.

1:35:24.080,1:35:29.060
So, the energy of mindfulness[br]generated by your breathing, your walking

1:35:29.260,1:35:32.580
has the capacity of recognizing[br]anger as anger.

1:35:32.760,1:35:34.000
Breathing in

1:35:34.000,1:35:35.140
I know

1:35:35.280,1:35:37.080
anger is in me.

1:35:37.500,1:35:39.040
Breathing out

1:35:39.300,1:35:41.440
I take good care of my anger.

1:35:43.680,1:35:45.360
Recognising anger

1:35:45.440,1:35:47.440
and embracing

1:35:47.620,1:35:48.620
anger.

1:35:54.920,1:35:56.920
This is an art.

1:35:57.220,1:35:58.440
This is a practice,

1:35:58.920,1:36:00.620
there's no fighting.

1:36:00.820,1:36:01.860
Mindfulness

1:36:02.120,1:36:05.080
is generated not to fight anger

1:36:05.100,1:36:08.740
but to recognize anger[br]and to hold anger

1:36:08.740,1:36:10.700
very tenderly.

1:36:11.880,1:36:13.880
That is Buddhist practice.

1:36:14.580,1:36:17.460
You do not transform yourself[br]into a battlefield:

1:36:17.620,1:36:20.920
the good fighting the ego.[br]That's not Buddhism.

1:36:23.100,1:36:26.760
Because you are mindfulness[br]but you are also anger

1:36:27.500,1:36:30.280
and mindfulness play[br]the role of a big sister,

1:36:31.800,1:36:35.760
holding the angry,[br]the suffering younger sister

1:36:35.860,1:36:37.600
and help her to transform.

1:36:46.940,1:36:48.120
A mother

1:36:49.320,1:36:51.320
is working in the kitchen

1:36:52.380,1:36:54.380
and she hear the baby crying.

1:36:55.300,1:36:57.500
She very much care for the baby.

1:36:58.420,1:37:00.260
So she stop,

1:37:00.260,1:37:02.740
walk in the kitchen[br]she put down

1:37:03.040,1:37:07.040
whatever she's holding[br]and she goes to the room of the baby.

1:37:07.120,1:37:13.220
The first thing she does is to pick her up[br]and hold her tenderly into her arms.

1:37:13.400,1:37:15.040
That's the mother.

1:37:16.720,1:37:19.820
She doesn't know[br]what's wrong with the baby yet

1:37:19.840,1:37:24.920
but the first thing she does [br]is to pick up the baby and hold her

1:37:25.400,1:37:26.400
mindfully.

1:37:26.720,1:37:29.160
We do the same thing as a practitioner.

1:37:29.400,1:37:32.200
Every time anger or despair come up,

1:37:34.220,1:37:35.820
we generate

1:37:36.620,1:37:38.820
the energy of mindfulness

1:37:38.820,1:37:40.600
in order to recognize

1:37:41.120,1:37:43.120
and to embrace tenderly.

1:37:43.740,1:37:44.740
Tenderly.

1:37:49.980,1:37:54.100
And if we know how to practice[br]mindful walking or mindful breathing

1:37:54.160,1:37:56.720
we continue to generate mindfulness.

1:37:56.720,1:37:57.700
And we

1:37:58.200,1:38:02.060
hand that energy[br]in order to recognize and to embrace.

1:38:02.460,1:38:03.260
And

1:38:03.260,1:38:05.120
we can bring relief

1:38:05.940,1:38:06.780
because

1:38:06.900,1:38:08.900
mindfulness as an energy

1:38:09.020,1:38:12.860
embracing anger as another[br]source of energy tenderly.

1:38:12.860,1:38:15.140
Big brother, younger brother.

1:38:17.720,1:38:19.720
Although the mother has not

1:38:20.560,1:38:25.460
realized what's wrong, but the fact[br]that she's holding the baby tenderly

1:38:25.900,1:38:30.360
can already bring a relief to the baby[br]and the baby may stop crying.

1:38:31.040,1:38:35.360
If the mother continue to hold[br]the baby tenderly with mindfulness

1:38:35.360,1:38:37.180
she'll find out what's wrong.

1:38:38.080,1:38:40.000
The baby may be hungry,

1:38:40.000,1:38:42.000
the baby may have

1:38:42.700,1:38:43.780
fever,

1:38:44.060,1:38:46.440
or the diaper may be too tight.

1:38:47.180,1:38:48.920
As a mother

1:38:49.120,1:38:51.440
she can find it out very quickly.

1:38:51.440,1:38:53.000
As practitioner

1:38:54.260,1:38:57.140
you can find out very easily

1:38:58.120,1:39:00.120
why this anger.

1:39:01.780,1:39:04.480
And you can see the roots[br]of that anger.

1:39:05.240,1:39:08.960
You find out the nature,[br]the root of that anger.

1:39:14.240,1:39:17.680
If the mother found out[br]what is wrong with the baby

1:39:17.800,1:39:19.800
she can fix the situation

1:39:20.060,1:39:21.120
very quickly.

1:39:21.240,1:39:24.600
If the baby is hungry,[br]she give her some milk,

1:39:27.180,1:39:29.720
if the diaper is too tight,[br]she just

1:39:31.000,1:39:33.000
undo it and do it again.

1:39:34.740,1:39:38.240
So, after having embraced tenderly

1:39:39.380,1:39:41.380
your anger,

1:39:44.400,1:39:46.400
you might like to continue

1:39:47.020,1:39:51.040
the practice of mindful breathing,[br]the practice of mindful walking

1:39:51.380,1:39:52.760
and look deeply

1:39:52.760,1:39:55.720
into the nature of your anger

1:39:55.720,1:39:58.700
and find out[br]what is the root of your anger.

1:39:59.740,1:40:02.780
Recognizing, embracing[br]and looking deeply.

1:40:08.720,1:40:10.740
Because mindfulness

1:40:11.040,1:40:13.240
is the kind of energy

1:40:15.140,1:40:17.680
carrying with her

1:40:17.780,1:40:19.780
the energy of concentration.

1:40:23.360,1:40:27.040
Wherever mindfulness is,[br]concentration is also.

1:40:27.420,1:40:30.400
When you are mindful of your inbreath,

1:40:30.620,1:40:33.020
you are concentrated in your inbreath.

1:40:34.200,1:40:38.060
When you are mindful of your tea,[br]you concentrate on the tea.

1:40:40.000,1:40:41.140
That is why

1:40:42.140,1:40:45.020
the more powerful mindfulness is,

1:40:45.040,1:40:47.820
the more concentration you get.

1:40:47.940,1:40:51.960
With that mindfulness and concentration,[br]you practice looking deeply

1:40:51.980,1:40:53.980
and you get insight.

1:41:06.360,1:41:09.480
And that insight[br]is going to liberate you

1:41:10.000,1:41:12.000
transform your anger.

1:41:16.620,1:41:18.100
There is a story

1:41:18.860,1:41:20.480
of a young boy

1:41:21.900,1:41:25.280
who used to come to Plum Village[br]every summer

1:41:25.340,1:41:27.460
with his younger sister.

1:41:30.500,1:41:35.020
And they practiced mindfulness[br]as children.

1:41:36.520,1:41:39.740
The boy had difficulty with his father.

1:41:43.700,1:41:45.380
He blamed his father.

1:41:46.900,1:41:51.880
Every time he fall down and get hurt[br]his father always shouted at him

1:41:51.880,1:41:53.780
instead of coming and help him.

1:41:55.640,1:41:59.160
So, his relationship with his father[br]was difficult.

1:42:00.020,1:42:03.920
And he vowed that when he grew up[br]he would not be like his father.

1:42:03.920,1:42:06.060
If he has children and then if

1:42:06.580,1:42:10.700
his child fell down and get hurt[br]he will not shout at him,

1:42:10.700,1:42:12.620
instead he'll come and try to help.

1:42:12.620,1:42:14.900
That was his determination.

1:42:16.360,1:42:18.360
One day, he was playing

1:42:18.780,1:42:21.940
in the Lower Hamlet of Plum Village

1:42:22.120,1:42:26.800
and her sister were playing[br]with another little girl on a hammock.

1:42:27.080,1:42:30.560
The girl fell down and get hurt

1:42:30.760,1:42:32.120
and the blood was

1:42:32.460,1:42:33.900
coming down .

1:42:33.900,1:42:36.780
Suddenly, he found himself very angry

1:42:39.720,1:42:45.600
He wanted to shout: "Stupid![br]How could you do something like that?"

1:42:50.860,1:42:55.880
And because he had been practicing[br]mindfulness, he was able

1:42:56.860,1:42:58.860
to refrain from shouting

1:43:00.060,1:43:01.840
and he recognized

1:43:02.440,1:43:05.000
that he was exactly like his father.

1:43:08.720,1:43:10.720
Instead of trying

1:43:11.960,1:43:14.840
to come and help his sister

1:43:16.360,1:43:19.500
he had the tendency to shout at her.

1:43:20.580,1:43:21.460
He hate

1:43:22.640,1:43:24.920
what he has within himself.

1:43:26.640,1:43:29.140
So when he practice

1:43:30.340,1:43:32.540
mindful breathing,[br]he knew

1:43:32.840,1:43:37.140
that this is the continuation[br]of his father inside of him.

1:43:38.500,1:43:40.860
He's not different from his father.

1:43:41.240,1:43:42.960
And with that insight

1:43:43.780,1:43:47.420
he turned around[br]and practiced slow walking

1:43:47.900,1:43:51.420
when he had seen someone coming[br]to help his sister.

1:43:51.580,1:43:55.460
And during slow walking[br]he recognized that

1:43:55.920,1:43:57.920
he's a continuation of his father.

1:43:58.340,1:44:02.500
The energy of anger[br]has been transmitted by his father.

1:44:03.120,1:44:04.820
And if he does not practice

1:44:04.820,1:44:07.900
he's going to become[br]exactly like his father.

1:44:08.060,1:44:10.000
And he will treat

1:44:10.020,1:44:11.580
his children

1:44:11.620,1:44:13.560
in the future[br]in the same way.

1:44:13.940,1:44:16.060
That is called Samsara:

1:44:16.720,1:44:17.820
continuation.

1:44:19.340,1:44:22.040
And suddenly he had a desire

1:44:22.440,1:44:27.000
to go home and tell his father[br]that he has the same kind of energy

1:44:27.000,1:44:30.200
and he would invite his father[br]to practice with him.

1:44:31.660,1:44:34.000
And when that intention was born in him

1:44:34.000,1:44:38.840
his anger resentment towards his father[br]began to dissolve.

1:44:43.280,1:44:46.900
What kind of insight did he get?

1:44:47.380,1:44:48.820
He got the insight that

1:44:49.360,1:44:54.220
he is exactly like his father.[br]He has the same kind of habit energy.

1:44:56.200,1:45:01.540
That is why he wanted to practice and he see[br]himself as a victim of that energy,

1:45:01.920,1:45:03.640
victim of the transmission

1:45:04.240,1:45:05.880
of that habit energy.

1:45:05.920,1:45:09.480
And he saw that his father[br]also was a victim of that

1:45:10.280,1:45:11.300
transmission.

1:45:11.580,1:45:14.340
His father may have got it from

1:45:14.340,1:45:16.010
his own father.

1:45:16.740,1:45:19.780
And when he had that insight, his anger...

1:45:22.920,1:45:25.000
vis-a-vis father just...

1:45:27.000,1:45:27.900
stopped.

1:45:28.440,1:45:30.020
He got a transformation.

1:45:30.040,1:45:30.800
I think for...

1:45:31.760,1:45:35.100
a young man of 12[br]that is a remarkable

1:45:36.940,1:45:37.880
achievement.

1:45:39.200,1:45:43.140
It is inside[br]that transform our afflictions.

1:45:46.480,1:45:48.880
And mindfulness has the power

1:45:48.880,1:45:52.020
of recognizing, embracing,[br]looking deeply

1:45:52.120,1:45:56.020
getting the insight[br]that transform your depth,

1:45:58.100,1:46:00.100
that get you free.

1:46:04.940,1:46:06.260
Transformation

1:46:07.040,1:46:09.040
and healing and freedom.

1:46:20.580,1:46:25.800
And when a young man is liberated[br]the father in him is liberated

1:46:26.260,1:46:28.400
and the ancestors in him are liberated

1:46:30.260,1:46:32.960
and the circle around samsara.

1:46:44.940,1:46:47.640
What the young man realized

1:46:47.900,1:46:48.940
is that...

1:46:51.980,1:46:53.980
he's not a victim of his father,

1:46:55.880,1:46:58.620
he's a victim of that habit energy.

1:46:59.020,1:47:03.060
And his father also[br]is a victim of that habit energy.

1:47:05.520,1:47:08.680
And when you are able[br]to transform you,

1:47:10.420,1:47:14.020
you are in a situation[br]to help transform him or her.

1:47:14.160,1:47:15.240
The one...

1:47:16.340,1:47:20.060
that you have you have believed[br]to be your oppressor,

1:47:20.940,1:47:22.940
the source of your suffering.

1:47:26.840,1:47:29.200
And that is my my practice.

1:47:29.820,1:47:31.800
I do not have enemies.

1:47:37.020,1:47:38.060
Even...

1:47:38.360,1:47:44.020
they've created a lot of suffering,[br]a lot of injustice, they've tried to kill me,

1:47:46.240,1:47:47.700
to supress me.

1:47:50.880,1:47:55.220
But they are not my enemies.[br]They are those I want to help.

1:47:57.580,1:48:02.200
Because I have become free, I have[br]changed myself, I have transformed myself.

1:48:02.400,1:48:03.480
That's why...

1:48:05.480,1:48:07.380
I do no longer

1:48:08.500,1:48:10.500
see myself as a victim.

1:48:12.000,1:48:17.000
I know that if I can transform myself,[br]I can help transform them.

1:48:20.740,1:48:22.600
If you practice

1:48:22.600,1:48:26.680
and if you can transform[br]your mind, your heart

1:48:26.900,1:48:28.900
you become a boddhisatva.

1:48:29.720,1:48:31.180
And then...

1:48:33.420,1:48:37.340
you will be in a position[br]to help them transform

1:48:37.680,1:48:38.580
those

1:48:41.920,1:48:45.140
you used to consider as oppressors...

1:48:50.220,1:48:51.160
abusers.

1:48:54.880,1:48:59.000
Those you considered to be[br]the one who discriminate against you

1:49:01.360,1:49:04.540
trying to suppress you,[br]and kill you and so on.

1:49:05.180,1:49:08.460
They're also[br]victims of their own ignorance,

1:49:08.860,1:49:12.000
their own anger.[br]They don't know how to handle

1:49:12.440,1:49:14.940
their craving, their anger,

1:49:16.940,1:49:18.280
their violence,

1:49:18.660,1:49:19.880
their fear.

1:49:22.600,1:49:24.220
So the path...

1:49:24.220,1:49:27.960
is to transform yourself[br]into a bodhisattva

1:49:28.820,1:49:30.820
with plenty of

1:49:30.820,1:49:33.880
understanding, insight[br]and compassion

1:49:35.560,1:49:39.200
And when you have these energies,[br]you are free

1:49:39.920,1:49:43.480
and you are in a position of helping

1:49:44.480,1:49:46.560
other people to become free also.

1:49:48.280,1:49:49.740
This is the path...

1:49:52.420,1:49:54.560
shown to us by the Buddha.

1:49:55.240,1:49:57.240
And every one of us

1:49:57.900,1:50:01.800
has the seed of mindfulness,[br]concentration and insight

1:50:01.800,1:50:03.800
in himself or in herself.

1:50:04.280,1:50:08.400
You are able to cultivate[br]these three kinds of energies

1:50:08.400,1:50:10.660
for our own liberation and healing.

1:50:12.040,1:50:17.700
And we shall use the same kind of energy[br]to help the transformation and healing

1:50:18.620,1:50:20.200
of the world.

1:50:20.960,1:50:22.620
When you look up,

1:50:22.660,1:50:23.860
you see

1:50:25.760,1:50:27.760
a temple.

1:50:28.740,1:50:32.220
The temple is in your heart,[br]the lotus in your heart.

1:50:32.800,1:50:38.360
Underneath there was the word "smurty".[br]"Smurty" means mindfulness.

1:50:40.440,1:50:43.680
And then there is the word "samadhi".[br]It means concentration.

1:50:44.800,1:50:46.800
And there's the word "prashna",

1:50:47.240,1:50:48.760
that is insight.

1:50:49.260,1:50:52.720
And that is the kind of energy[br]that are in us

1:50:53.260,1:50:55.840
to be cultivated, to develop.

1:50:56.440,1:50:59.080
That is the energy[br]of the Buddha in us,

1:51:01.640,1:51:03.960
the energy of transformation

1:51:04.820,1:51:06.320
and healing.

1:51:10.620,1:51:12.720
During our retreat

1:51:14.320,1:51:16.200
we practice mindful breathing

1:51:16.540,1:51:17.960
mindful walking.

1:51:19.680,1:51:21.100
That is why

1:51:22.140,1:51:24.580
we are encouraged to use our time

1:51:26.360,1:51:27.840
for the practice.

1:51:27.980,1:51:31.080
If we talk a lot,[br]there will be no time to...

1:51:32.220,1:51:35.480
enjoy our inbreath-outbreath,[br]our walking.

1:51:36.300,1:51:41.120
There will be time when we[br]are encouraged to talk to each other:

1:51:42.020,1:51:43.700
dharma discussions.

1:51:44.580,1:51:47.260
We will be sharing our insights,

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our way of overcoming our suffering.

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And when we practice eating[br]our lunch, our breakfast,

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we refrain from thinking.

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We establish ourselves[br]in the here and the now.

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We pay attention only[br]to the food that we eat.

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When you pick up a piece of bread,

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you do not think of the past,[br]of the future,

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you just touch the piece of bread...

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deeply.

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And we are able to see[br]that piece of bread.

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So, if you look deeply into the piece[br]of bread, you see everything in it.

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The piece of bread you hold[br]in your hand is the body of the cosmos.

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With a little bit of mindfulness,[br]you can see

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that the piece of bread is an ambassador[br]form of the cosmos coming to you.

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And if you can see the piece of bread

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in its true nature,[br]and then you can put it in your mouth.

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Don't put anything else in your mouth,[br]like your projects,

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your fear, your anger.[br]It's not healthy. Just put the bread.

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Just chew the bread,

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mindfully, with joy.

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Don't chew your sorrow, your anger.[br]It's not good for your health.

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There's no thinking,

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just...

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the process of mindfulness[br]as chewing.

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We take our time[br]to enjoy our breakfast

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from time to time,[br]repose and smile.

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The brother in front of you is you,

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the sister on your left is you.

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They all belong to the sangha.

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And together we generate

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the energy of mindfulness.

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The collective energy of mindfulness[br]while walking, while sitting,

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while eating,[br]will be powerful

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and it will penetrate[br]into each of us.

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We'll be healed by the collective energy[br]and nourished by the...

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collective energy.

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Alone in our living room

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we can generate

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the energy of mindfulness.

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But compared[br]to the collective energy of mindfulness,

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well,

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it's not much.

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Therefore, to be in a sangha

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and to allow ourselves to be penetrated[br]by the collective energy

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of mindfulness with sangha[br]is very important.

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So, the coming together of a sangha[br]is a very important fact,

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is a miracle.[br]And we should

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profit from the opportunity,

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allow ouselves to be transported[br]by the collective energy of the sangha,

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allow the sangha to embrace our...

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afflictions,

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our pain, our sorrow.

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The sangha is the boat

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that help you to float[br]on the river of suffering.

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Allow yourself to be

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transported by the sangha[br]by the collective energy of mindfulness.

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And while eating you enjoy

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the time being with the sangha.

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You smile to your brother and sister[br]in the practice.

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You allow yourself to be nourished[br]by the collective energy of the sangha.

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Every moment of our daily life

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mindfulness help us to be[br]in the here and now.

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And the real practice,[br]the true practice...

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is to allow every moment of our life[br]to be a joyful movement.

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That will be

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possible thanks to the power[br]of mindfulness and concentration

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generated by yourself[br]and generated by the sangha.

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Tomorrow we shall have a...

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mindfulness walk in the morning,[br]we shall be walking together.

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We'll walk in such a way[br]that make the kingdom of God...

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real, available in the here and now.

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There're several of us[br]that are very used to the practice.

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We'll walk together and generate...

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the collective...

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energy of mindfulness together.

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And you wil see that the kingdom,[br]the pure land is available.