[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.13,0:00:18.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have been standing in front of audiences
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.81,0:00:23.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for 30 years talking about drugs.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.84,0:00:28.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I often start my\Npresentations with an apology.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.05,0:00:34.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Specifically, I apologise for the lies\Nof past drug educators,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.48,0:00:36.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including myself.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.65,0:00:41.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I acknowledge we've told three lies.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.23,0:00:44.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've exaggerated the harms of drugs,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.07,0:00:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've never acknowledged\Nthe benefits of drugs,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.21,0:00:48.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we've never talked about
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.56,0:00:51.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the dominant model\Nfor controlling drugs in our society,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.20,0:00:52.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is drug prohibition,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.81,0:00:56.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which has failed us all so badly.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.04,0:00:59.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause) (Cheering)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.45,0:01:06.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, for much of my career,\NI've talked about that last point,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.39,0:01:08.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the failure of the war on drugs,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.01,0:01:10.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but today I'm going to talk\Nabout the benefits of drugs.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.64,0:01:15.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Specifically, I'm going\Nto talk about psychedelics.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.34,0:01:18.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, psychedelics have been\Naround in human culture
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.84,0:01:21.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,since before recorded human history.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.26,0:01:25.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we can see at least four\Ncommunities, cultures today,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.93,0:01:30.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have woven the psychedelic experience\Ninto the fabric of their culture:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.48,0:01:33.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's the curandero's use\Nof psilocybin mushrooms,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.58,0:01:36.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's the ayahuasca use\Nin the Amazon basin,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.19,0:01:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's the Huichol use of peyote,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.00,0:01:41.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the shamanic use\Nof Amanita muscaria in Siberia.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.74,0:01:45.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, on the surface,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.14,0:01:48.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how the container of safety is created\Nwith these cultures
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.45,0:01:51.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with this psychedelic\Nexperience is all different.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.48,0:01:56.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you look at how the experience\Nis integrated into the culture,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.52,0:01:59.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is actually quite similar.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.10,0:02:03.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're used for healing,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.37,0:02:07.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything from psychological\Nto physical issues.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.60,0:02:11.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're used for\Na celebration of transitions
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.45,0:02:15.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything from seasonal changes\Nto puberty rites.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.50,0:02:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they're used for spirituality
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.52,0:02:25.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to connect the individuals and the culture\Nto the cosmos as a whole.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.96,0:02:30.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I wanted to use one word\Nto describe that,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.83,0:02:35.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what I would say is\Nthe word would be 'pro-social'.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.32,0:02:38.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Psychedelics have\Nalways been used to connect
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.49,0:02:44.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people to their culture\Nand to the universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.61,0:02:51.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it was historically unprecedented\Nwhat happened in the 1960s
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.06,0:02:55.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when psychedelics got linked\Nto an antisocial message.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.26,0:02:58.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It had never happened before.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.13,0:03:01.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tim Leary said, 'tune in,\Nturn on, and drop out',
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.48,0:03:07.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the subsequent social backlash\Nhas caused immense human suffering,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.85,0:03:10.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it goes on today.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.54,0:03:15.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And admittedly, there were some other\Ncultural issues going on at the time,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.10,0:03:18.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but certainly, that disconnect\Nmessage was profound.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.32,0:03:27.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the media participated\Nin the spinning of the web of illusions:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.12,0:03:31.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'LSD-Fed Ape Rapes TV Actress';
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.00,0:03:33.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.48,0:03:36.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'LSD Made Me a Prostitute';
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.78,0:03:40.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'Girl Gives Birth to Frog'.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.28,0:03:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.28,0:03:43.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even the science of the time\Nwas suppressed.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.38,0:03:46.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For 40 years, scientists couldn't do\Nwhat they needed to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.20,0:03:48.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is measure stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.36,0:03:52.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, can I think of any other time\Nin human history
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.25,0:03:55.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when science is either being\Nsuppressed or criminalized?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.63,0:03:57.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, as matter of fact, I can.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.02,0:03:59.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1616,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.38,0:04:02.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then for the subsequent 143 years,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.95,0:04:06.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the science of the telescope was banned.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.94,0:04:09.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was illegal for people to report
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.94,0:04:12.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what they saw through\Nthe lens of the telescope,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.96,0:04:18.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,specifically that the earth was not\Nthe centre of the universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.61,0:04:23.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,LSD is to the study of the mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.37,0:04:29.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what the telescope is to astronomy\Nand what the microscope is to biology,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.61,0:04:31.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,according to Stanislav Grof.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.37,0:04:36.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, psychedelics are back.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.91,0:04:38.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.92,0:04:41.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the Canadian\NMedical Association Journal,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.34,0:04:46.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the conservative voice\Nof Canadian medicine,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.22,0:04:50.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a number of articles,\Nexploring the psychedelic renaissance,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.17,0:04:53.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the explosion of research\Nthat has happened in recent years.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.70,0:04:57.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's really what I want\Nto talk to you about.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.27,0:04:58.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But to be really clear,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.40,0:05:03.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what I'm talking about here is\Nskilled, trained, competent professionals
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.82,0:05:09.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using pure substances\Nin ways that are well supervised.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.08,0:05:12.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not talking about impure street drugs
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.33,0:05:17.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used by unsupervised,\Nirresponsible adolescents.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.09,0:05:25.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how do researchers think\Nabout psychedelics these days?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.68,0:05:28.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because they break them\Ninto three categories.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.47,0:05:30.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first are the classics:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.45,0:05:32.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,LSD,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.28,0:05:34.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mescaline,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.15,0:05:36.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dimethyltryptamine,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.07,0:05:38.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and psilocybin.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.49,0:05:42.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And these offer researchers\Na variety of attributes
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.92,0:05:45.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are worthy of investigation.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.78,0:05:48.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, spirituality.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.72,0:05:51.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, it's kind of neutral spirituality
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.56,0:05:55.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because Buddhists find the Buddha,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.33,0:05:58.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Christians find Christ,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.55,0:06:03.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and atheists and agnostics\Nfind the entire universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.50,0:06:08.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this particular aspect\Nof these medicines is quite useful
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.73,0:06:13.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for situations like end-of-life anxiety.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.81,0:06:17.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we are dying, and we're anxious\Nabout the experience,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.16,0:06:21.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we take a dosage of psilocybin,\Nand we meet our maker,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.06,0:06:24.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're told, it's okay, we can relax.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.15,0:06:25.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're just coming home.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.23,0:06:29.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It tends to reduce\Nthe stress of that transition.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.35,0:06:37.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The classical psychedelics also offer\Na disorientation of the ego,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.56,0:06:41.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which can be very helpful in things\Nlike treatment for alcoholism.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.13,0:06:45.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They also increase the permeability
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.87,0:06:48.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between the unconscious\Nand the conscious mind;
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.20,0:06:50.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they allow us to have access\Nto our unconscious
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.63,0:06:53.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a way that we don't normally.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.15,0:06:57.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, if you really think\Nabout the human experience,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.79,0:07:00.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a lot of our lives\Nare lived unconsciously.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.73,0:07:02.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, driving a car.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.22,0:07:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our conscious mind\Nis thinking about the radio,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.18,0:07:08.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what we're going to have for lunch,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.05,0:07:10.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the conflict we had\Nwith our spouse, or whatever.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.31,0:07:13.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't think about our feet.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.11,0:07:17.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our unconscious mind is driving the car.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.41,0:07:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We live our lives with lots of tape loops\Nthat just happen automatically.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.94,0:07:27.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if something bad happened\Nto us in childhood,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.27,0:07:30.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's replaying itself\Nconsistently in our adult life,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.37,0:07:32.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and causing problems for us,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.23,0:07:36.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it’s very hard to access\Nbecause it's unconscious.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.25,0:07:39.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Psychedelics can help with that.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.07,0:07:44.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Psychedelics also offer -\Nthe classic psychedelics offer
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.90,0:07:47.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what I call 'the portal effect',
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.74,0:07:51.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the 'Wow,\Nthat was incredible!' effect.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.27,0:07:56.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a bit like climbing Mount Everest\Nor graduating high school;
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.32,0:07:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have a sense of\Naccomplishment and transition.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.78,0:08:02.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's very helpful\Nin many conditions.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.90,0:08:07.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second group of psychedelics\Nare the empathogens;
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.51,0:08:12.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3-MMC, MDA, MDMA are examples.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.44,0:08:16.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what they do is they bond people\Nand increase empathy.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.12,0:08:22.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's really useful to bond a therapist\Nto somebody who wants some help.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.66,0:08:24.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That connection is really important.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.38,0:08:27.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It could be facilitated\Nwith these medicines.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.59,0:08:30.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They also take away fear.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.96,0:08:33.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if a soldier who's been\Nin battle in Afghanistan
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.56,0:08:35.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comes back to North America
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.24,0:08:37.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and is replaying that trauma\Nagain and again,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.57,0:08:39.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,normal therapy can't access it,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.82,0:08:41.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,partly because it's unconscious,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.47,0:08:44.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but partly because\Nanything it gets close to,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.26,0:08:46.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it has a huge fear response.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.89,0:08:53.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And MDMA specifically takes away that fear\Nand allows the tape to be reworked.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.18,0:08:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It appears MDMA-assisted psychotherapy\Nmaybe the best treatment for PTSD,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.00,0:09:00.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,post-traumatic stress\Ndisorder, that exists.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.86,0:09:04.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then there's everything else.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.82,0:09:06.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Things like ibogaine,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.22,0:09:08.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which appear to be incredibly helpful
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.01,0:09:10.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for heroin withdrawals,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.89,0:09:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,opiate addiction,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.62,0:09:17.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this 2C-B, this salvia, and this ketamine\Nthat seems to be helpful for depression.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.31,0:09:26.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, my own area of academic interest\Nis articulating post-prohibition models
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.45,0:09:30.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the regulation and control\Nof all currently illegal drugs,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.40,0:09:33.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,based on public health principles.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.99,0:09:36.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You might have noticed,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.42,0:09:40.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,drug prohibition is slowly crumbling
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.72,0:09:44.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,under the weight\Nof its own ineffectiveness.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.39,0:09:47.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It does not protect our communities.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.99,0:09:51.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It does not protect our families.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.84,0:09:55.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it does not protect our children.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.76,0:09:58.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it will end.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.80,0:10:01.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I ask the question,\N'What are we going to replace it with?'
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.79,0:10:04.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,peering through the lens of public health.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.69,0:10:07.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the goal of a public health approach
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.55,0:10:10.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to maximize the benefits\Nand minimize the harms.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.78,0:10:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've already talked about some benefits,\Nso I'd like to talk about harms.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.81,0:10:19.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The harms from all drugs\Ncan be broken into three categories:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.83,0:10:23.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependency, toxicity, and behaviour.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.21,0:10:25.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dependency -
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.79,0:10:28.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I worked for the addiction\Nservices for 30 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.85,0:10:33.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody ever walked in my office\Nsaying, 'I can't stop taking LSD'.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.11,0:10:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.48,0:10:36.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It never happened!
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.01,0:10:40.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the dependency potential\Nfor psychedelics is really low.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.28,0:10:42.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Toxicity -
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.79,0:10:47.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The last time you took\Na prescription drug,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.04,0:10:52.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you took six times the dosage,\Nyou probably did yourself harm.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.34,0:10:56.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That one to six ratio is very\Ncommon for most drugs.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.12,0:10:59.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With LSD, it's in the thousands.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.16,0:11:02.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, Albert Hofmann, who invented LSD,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.56,0:11:06.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,said it was one of the least\Ntoxic substances on the planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.14,0:11:11.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So dependency is very low,\Ntoxicity is very low,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.35,0:11:15.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so all of the harms from psychedelics\Ncome from one thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.01,0:11:16.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the behaviour,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.61,0:11:19.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is essentially lack of supervision.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.59,0:11:23.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, indigenous communities\Nhave known this for years.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.95,0:11:28.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've always provided the experience\Nin a very tight container of safety,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.87,0:11:32.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they're highly\Nsupervised experiences.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.80,0:11:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How researchers\Nare thinking about this today
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.63,0:11:41.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is they think about the words,\Nor they talk about the words:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.87,0:11:45.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'set', which is expectations;
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.58,0:11:47.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'setting', which is the environment;
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.17,0:11:50.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'dosage', which is\Nwhat you take and how much;
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.27,0:11:53.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and 'safety', which is the umbrella term.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.20,0:11:56.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So set, setting, safety, and dosage
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.04,0:12:01.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are carefully structured\Nby the research community today.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.71,0:12:06.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in a post-prohibition world,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.65,0:12:12.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if the goal is to maximize the benefits\Nand minimize the harms of psychedelics,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.14,0:12:15.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people would have access\Nto the psychedelic experience.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.45,0:12:20.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So long as they were supervised,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.17,0:12:24.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was a container of safety\Nbuilt around the experience,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.77,0:12:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and somebody was in charge.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.57,0:12:30.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A trained competent, skilled professional,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.75,0:12:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is licensed, would be allowed\Nto offer the experiences to others
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.90,0:12:39.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so long as set, setting, dosage,\Nand safety were managed.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.14,0:12:42.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it wouldn't matter\Nwhat the environment was:
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.52,0:12:45.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It could be indigenous healing circles;
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.98,0:12:49.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it could be psychedelic psychotherapy;
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.46,0:12:52.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it could be multi-day dance festivals.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:52.27,0:12:55.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It doesn't matter,\Nas long as somebody is in charge.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.01,0:13:01.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would like to reflect\Non the human predicament today.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.25,0:13:06.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're in trouble as a species.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.68,0:13:10.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Global climate change\Nis affecting all of us.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.45,0:13:13.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a concentration of wealth\Nat the top of the pile
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.08,0:13:17.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is unprecedented in any society,\Nso few people control so much wealth.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.82,0:13:21.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a huge amount of violence\Nand religious extremism.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.04,0:13:24.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we live in these\Nreally strange societies
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.92,0:13:29.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where somehow we've equated\Nhappiness with buying stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.05,0:13:35.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if I really think about those problems,\Nthey're problems of disconnection:
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.40,0:13:39.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are disconnected from the earth;
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.31,0:13:42.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are disconnected from each other;
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.30,0:13:46.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are disconnected from a true sense\Nof meaning and purpose in our lives;
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.81,0:13:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're disconnected\Nfrom healthy spiritual experiences.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:53.00,0:13:57.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The good news is psychedelics\Nare all about connections.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.84,0:14:00.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These two images are very powerful.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.16,0:14:05.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're depictions of the human brain\Nbased on neuroscience.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.83,0:14:08.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The one on the left\Nis the normal human brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.44,0:14:13.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The parts of the outside of the circle are\Nthe different parts of the human brain,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.45,0:14:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the visual cortex, for example.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.26,0:14:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Notice that the visual cortex talks\Na lot to the visual cortex,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.43,0:14:22.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not a lot to the other\Nparts of the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.93,0:14:29.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The image on the right is the human brain\Nunder the influence of psilocybin.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:30.14,0:14:34.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Notice the rich range\Nof new connections that are formed.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.14,0:14:37.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Psychedelics are all about connections:
Dialogue: 0,0:14:39.16,0:14:41.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,connections with self -
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.42,0:14:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have access to our unconscious minds
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.28,0:14:47.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a way we do not\Nnormally have access to;
Dialogue: 0,0:14:47.91,0:14:50.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,connections with each other -
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.12,0:14:53.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the empathogen research;
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.50,0:14:57.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,connections with a sense\Nof meaning and purpose to life -
Dialogue: 0,0:14:58.84,0:15:01.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's a lot of research done on that;
Dialogue: 0,0:15:01.47,0:15:04.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and connections with a sense\Nof true spirituality -
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.56,0:15:08.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,indigenous communities\Nhave known that for centuries.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:13.88,0:15:16.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isaac Asimov said,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:16.81,0:15:20.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'One of the saddest aspects of life now
Dialogue: 0,0:15:20.45,0:15:26.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that science gathers knowledge faster\Nthan society gathers wisdom'.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:27.65,0:15:32.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We as a human species need to grow up.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:33.86,0:15:35.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to take advantage of
Dialogue: 0,0:15:35.92,0:15:40.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and learn and work with\Nthe knowledge that we already have.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:41.91,0:15:44.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And perhaps, just perhaps -
Dialogue: 0,0:15:44.61,0:15:48.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something that could\Nhelp us mature as a species
Dialogue: 0,0:15:48.12,0:15:51.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and maybe even assist with our survival
Dialogue: 0,0:15:51.69,0:15:58.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is mature, skillful, wise use\Nof psychedelic medicines.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.74,0:16:03.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.98,0:16:05.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause) (Cheers)