WEBVTT 00:00:00.846 --> 00:00:03.943 This is not a work of fiction. 00:00:03.943 --> 00:00:06.452 There is a place called "Island of Flowers" 00:00:22.330 --> 00:00:25.455 We are in Belém Novo, municipality of Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil, 00:00:29.682 --> 00:00:34.063 more precisely at 30 degrees, 12 minutes and 30 seconds South, and 52 degrees, 11 minutes and 23 seconds West. 00:00:36.773 --> 00:00:41.206 We are currently walking in a tomato plantation, and we can see ahead, standing, a human being, in this case, a japanese man. 00:00:44.362 --> 00:00:47.517 The japanese are distinguished from other human beings by the shape of their eyes, their black hair, and by their characteristic names. 00:00:47.517 --> 00:00:49.659 The japanese man in question is called 00:00:49.659 --> 00:00:51.563 Suzuki. 00:00:53.935 --> 00:00:56.400 Human beings are biped mammals, and distinguish themselves from other mammals, like whales, 00:00:59.955 --> 00:01:03.817 or bipeds, like chickens, mainly by two characteristics: a highly developed telencephalon, and opposable thumbs. 00:01:08.094 --> 00:01:10.166 The highly developed telencephalon allows human beings to store, associate, process and understand pieces of information. 00:01:14.131 --> 00:01:17.240 The opposable thumb allows human beings a tweezer-like finger movement, which in turn allows for precise manipulation. 00:01:22.412 --> 00:01:23.480 The highly developed telencephalon combined with the tweezer-like finger movement allowed human beings 00:01:23.480 --> 00:01:29.206 to make innumerable improvements to their planet, including 00:01:29.206 --> 00:01:31.429 growing tomatoes. 00:01:31.429 --> 00:01:34.160 Tomatoes, unlike whales, chickens, and japanese people 00:01:34.160 --> 00:01:36.006 is a vegetable. 00:01:37.352 --> 00:01:41.251 Fruit of the tomato plant, tomatoes started being cultivated in the 1800s for its nutritional qualities. 00:01:41.251 --> 00:01:45.160 Around 61 million tons of tomatoes are produces on Earth every year. 00:01:48.534 --> 00:01:52.771 Mr Suzuki, despite working almost 12 hours daily, is responsible for a very small fraction of this production. 00:01:52.771 --> 00:01:56.924 The main use of tomatoes is the feeding of humans. 00:02:00.085 --> 00:02:03.769 Mr. Suzuki is a japanese man, and, therefore, a human being. Despite this, Mr. Suzuki does not grow tomatoes with the intention to eat them. 00:02:06.342 --> 00:02:09.545 Almost all tomatoes grown by Mr. Suzuki are delivered to the supermarket in exchange for money. 00:02:13.204 --> 00:02:16.986 Money was most likely created as an initiative by Giges, King of Lidia, a great kingdom in Asia Minor, in the 7th centure before Christ. 00:02:16.986 --> 00:02:19.912 Christ was a jew. 00:02:19.912 --> 00:02:24.405 Jews have a highly developed telencephalon and opposable thumbs. 00:02:24.405 --> 00:02:28.089 They are, therefore, human beings. 00:02:28.089 --> 00:02:32.163 Until the creation of money, the economy was based on the direct exchange of goods. 00:02:32.163 --> 00:02:35.560 The difficulty of calculating the amount of tomatoes equivalent to a chicken 00:02:38.538 --> 00:02:41.515 and the difficulty of the direct exchange of chickens for whales where the main motivations for the creation of money. 00:02:41.515 --> 00:02:45.680 Starting in the thrid centure BC, any action of object made by human beings 00:02:45.680 --> 00:02:50.684 fruit of the collaboration between the highly developed telencephalon and the opposable thumbs, 00:02:53.470 --> 00:02:57.800 as well as all living things, above and below ground -- tomatoes, chickens and whales -- can be exchanged for money. 00:02:57.800 --> 00:03:02.960 To facilitate the exchange of tomatoes for money, human beings created supermarkets. 00:03:02.960 --> 00:03:08.449 Ms. Anete is a Roman Apostolic Catholic biped mammal. 00:03:08.449 --> 00:03:13.593 She has a highly developed telencephalon and opposable thumbs. She is, therefore, a human being. 00:03:13.593 --> 00:03:19.000 She came to this supermarket in order to exchange her money for tomatoes, amongst other things. 00:03:19.000 --> 00:03:23.729 Ms. Anete obtained her money in exchange for the work she performs. 00:03:26.602 --> 00:03:29.476 She uses her highly developed telencephalon and opposable thumbs to exchange perfumes for money. 00:03:32.068 --> 00:03:36.129 Perfumes are liquids usually extracted from flowers, which make human beings smell more pleasantly than they would naturally. 00:03:38.407 --> 00:03:43.996 Ms. Anete does not extract the perfumes. She exchanges them, at a factory, for a determined amount of money. 00:03:46.657 --> 00:03:49.840 Once that is done, Ms. Anete walks from house to house, exchanging the perfumes for a slightly larger amount of money. 00:03:49.840 --> 00:03:52.490 The difference between these two amount is called 00:03:52.490 --> 00:03:54.240 profit. 00:03:54.240 --> 00:03:59.917 Profit, which was once forbidden to Catholics, is today allowed for all human beings. 00:04:03.017 --> 00:04:08.655 Ms. Anete's profit is small compared to the factory's profit, but it is enough to be exchanged for 1kg of tomatoes and 2 kg of meat -- in this case, the meat of a pig. 00:04:08.655 --> 00:04:12.656 Pigs are mammals, like humans and whales, but quadrupeds. 00:04:15.999 --> 00:04:18.142 They sever as food for the Japanese, the Catholics, and the remaining human beings -- with exception of the Jews. 00:04:22.056 --> 00:04:25.665 The food that Ms. Anete exchanged for money, which she exchanged for perfumes extracted from flowers, will be consumed by her family during a single day. 00:04:28.862 --> 00:04:31.258 A day is the time interval that it takes for the Earth to spin all the way around it's own axis. 00:04:31.258 --> 00:04:34.440 Mid-day is lunch time. 00:04:37.861 --> 00:04:43.220 A family is a community formed by a man and a woman, united in matrimony, and by the children born out of this union. 00:04:46.458 --> 00:04:49.188 Some of the tomatoes Mr. Suzuki exchanged with the supermarket for money, and which were in turn exchanged for the money 00:04:51.616 --> 00:04:54.844 that Ms. Anete obtained as profit in the exchange of perfumes extracted from flowers were transformed into sauce for the pork. 00:04:54.844 --> 00:05:01.960 One of these tomatoes, which according to Ms. Anete was in no condition to become sauce, was thrown in the garbage. 00:05:01.960 --> 00:05:09.107 Garbage is all that is produced by human beings, in a collaboration between the highly developed telencephalon and the opposable thumbs 00:05:09.107 --> 00:05:13.913 and that, according to the opinion of some human being, is in no condition to become sauce. 00:05:13.913 --> 00:05:19.843 In a city like Porto Alegre, inhabited by over a million human beings, produces around 500 tons of garbage daily. 00:05:19.843 --> 00:05:24.127 Garbage attracts all kinds of germs and bacteria, which in turn cause disease. 00:05:24.127 --> 00:05:27.960 Diseases seriously harm the normal functioning of human beings. 00:05:27.960 --> 00:05:32.640 Even when it does cause disease, the apearence and aroma of garbage are extremely unpleasant. 00:05:32.640 --> 00:05:41.812 This is why garbage is taken a determined places, very far, where it can freely soil, smell badly and attract disease. 00:05:41.812 --> 00:05:46.000 In Porto Alegre, one of the places chosen for garbage to smell badly and attract disease is called 00:05:46.000 --> 00:05:51.920 Island of Flowers 00:05:51.920 --> 00:05:56.624 An island is a portion of land surrounded by water from all sides. 00:05:56.624 --> 00:06:04.147 Water is a odorless, insipid and discoloured substance, formed by two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. 00:06:04.147 --> 00:06:08.771 Flowers are the reproductive organs of plants, usually scented and with bright colours. 00:06:08.771 --> 00:06:15.092 Pleasantly smelling flowers can be turned into perfume, like the ones Ms Anete exchanged for money, which she in turn exchanged for tomatoes. 00:06:15.092 --> 00:06:19.141 There are few flower at the Island of Flowers. 00:06:19.141 --> 00:06:25.254 There is, however, a lot of garbage, and amongst it, the tomato Ms. Anete judged inadequate for the pork sauce. 00:06:25.254 --> 00:06:29.920 There is also a lot of pigs. 00:06:30.240 --> 00:06:34.501 The tomato Ms Anete judged inadequate for the pork she was serving as food for her family 00:06:34.501 --> 00:06:39.647 may turn out to be a great meal for a pig and its family, in the opinion of th epig. 00:06:39.647 --> 00:06:46.988 It is important to remember Ms Anete has a highly developed telencephalon and opposable thumbs, while pigs don't even have thumbs, let alone opposable ones. 00:06:46.988 --> 00:06:51.272 Pigs have, however, an owner. 00:06:51.272 --> 00:06:57.080 A pig's owner is a human being, with a highly developed telencephalon, opposable thumbs and money. 00:06:57.080 --> 00:07:04.040 The pig's owner exchanged a small part of his money for a small plot of land in the Island of Flowers, thus becoming the owner of the plot. 00:07:04.040 --> 00:07:08.040 A plot of land is a patch of land which has an owner and a fence. 00:07:08.040 --> 00:07:14.573 This plot, where garbage is thrown, was fenced so that the pigs would not be able to go out, and so that human beings would not come in. 00:07:19.000 --> 00:07:25.840 The employees of the pig's owner separate the organic matter which they think is fit for the pig's consumption from the garbage. 00:07:25.840 --> 00:07:29.855 Organic matter is anything that was once living, in either animal or vegetable form. 00:07:29.855 --> 00:07:33.355 Tomates, chickens, pigs, flowers and paper are all organic matter. 00:07:33.355 --> 00:07:42.341 This piece of paper, for example, was used on a history test for high school students at the Nossa Senhora de Dores school, and was given to the student Ana Luiza Nunes, a human being. 00:07:42.341 --> 00:07:48.428 A history test is a test for the capacity of a human being's telencephalon to remember data related to the study of history. 00:07:48.428 --> 00:07:52.947 For example: who as Mem de Sá? What were the hereditary captaincies? 00:07:53.320 --> 00:07:55.440 To remember is to live. 00:07:55.440 --> 00:08:01.646 Some organic materials, like tomatoes and history tests, are given to pigs as food. 00:08:01.646 --> 00:08:07.340 That which they consider inapropriate for the feeding of pigs, is used to feed women and children. 00:08:08.463 --> 00:08:17.025 Women and children are human beings, with a highly developed telencephalon, opposable thumbs and no money. 00:08:20.193 --> 00:08:23.693 They don't have an owner, and what is worse, they are many. 00:08:23.693 --> 00:08:31.392 Being many, they are organized by the employees of the pig's owner into groups of 10, and they have the permission to go inside the fenced area. 00:08:33.120 --> 00:08:42.028 Once inside the fenced area they can choose for themselves all the food the employees of the pig's owner judged innadequate for the pigs. 00:08:42.720 --> 00:08:50.200 The employees stipulated that each group of 10 human beings has 5 minutes to stay within the fenced area 00:08:50.200 --> 00:08:55.760 collecting organic matter, like tomatoes and history tests. 00:08:55.760 --> 00:09:00.560 5 minutes are 300 seconds. 00:09:00.560 --> 00:09:11.523 Since 1958, the second was defined as the equivalent of 9 billion, 192 million, 631 thousand and 770 cycles of radiation from a Cesium atom. 00:09:11.523 --> 00:09:15.828 Cesium is a non-organic material found in the garbage in Goiânia. 00:09:21.040 --> 00:09:26.040 The tomato, planted by Mr. Suzuki, exchanged for money at the supermarket, 00:09:26.040 --> 00:09:33.840 exchanged for the money that Ms Anete exchanged for perfumes extracted from flowers, rejected for the pork sauce, thrown in the garbage, 00:09:33.840 --> 00:09:38.394 rejected as food by the pigs, is now available for all the human beings at Island of Flowers. 00:09:44.760 --> 00:09:49.270 What places the human beings at the Island of Flowers after the pigs in the priority for food choice 00:09:49.270 --> 00:09:53.633 is the fact they have no money. 00:09:59.720 --> 00:10:09.120 Human beings distinguish themselves from other animals by the highly developed telencephalon, opposable thumbs, and by being free. 00:10:10.640 --> 00:10:14.854 Free is the state of a person with freedom. 00:10:15.320 --> 00:10:19.040 Freedom is a word fed by human dreams, 00:10:19.040 --> 00:10:21.427 that no one can explain, 00:10:21.427 --> 00:10:24.660 and that nobody cannot understand.