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Hey it's Norm from tested and
I am here with:
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Frank Bullito
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We're here at Adam's shop
for another video
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Interesting video this time, it's
an experiment.
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yeah
An honest to goodness experiment.
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We have no idea how this is going to end.
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So today we're going to talk about technology.
Are you comfortable?
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ok..
Special effects and technology
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Last year apple released the iPhone 5-S,
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which was their first product
using 'Touch I.D.'
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You've probably heard of Touch I.D.,
it's a bio-metric sensor system
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for your phone, to double as
your password.
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Now this year there are more products
using Touch I.D.
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and more services using them,
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it's being used for things like Apple-pay,
passwords, one password
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And we wanted to see, basically
how fool-proof it was.
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We're not going to hack Touch I.D
people have made claims about hacking it
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Last year a hacking group over
in Germany
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named 'Chaos Computer Club' released
a video
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showing how they 'spoofed'
Touch I.D
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and what they did was they duplicated
someone's fingerprint
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and put it on acetate and created a
relief image,
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and it was a pretty involved process.
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But we wanted to-
We wanted to make it more involved
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Even more involved, but basically try
to understand how Touch I.D works.
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Um, do you know how this works?
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Why don't you explain.
(laughs)
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So beneath this home button
on the iPhone and the new iPads
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is a sensor, basically an optical sensor,
almost like a camera.
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There is a capacitance sensor,
which makes the touch screen work,
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so it knows, it registers
that your finger is there.
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But basically it takes a high resolution image,
people have said it's about 500 dpi.
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Which is fairly high, Apple talks about
sub-dermal imaging, but basically,
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it knows all the grooves and all
the curves of your fingerprint
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and registers that, uh because you do
need to register it multiple times,
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stores it locally, so when you put your finger
on there it recognises that it is your fingerprint.
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So we wanted to see if we could activate,
unlock a phone, activate Touch I.D
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without having the actual hand there;
a warm bodied hand,
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maybe a.. dismembered hand.
There you go. (laughs)
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So this is actually a hand-cast we did
a couple of months ago, of my hand
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It's just a silicone hand-cast and
based on your experience in the
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special effects industry Frank,
how accurate is the fingerprints
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on something like a hand-cast?
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Well, I mean, the silicone doesn't
shrink or expand or anything,
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so it's pretty accurate, as long
as we got in all the detail
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This was done in an alginate mold,
so the detail might be a little soft
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but what we'll do today is we'll do a
little silicone cast of your finger
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..or my finger and we'll see if
we can crack it with that.
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So we're talking about mold materials
and casting materials
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and we're using silicone as a mold material
and in doing it right-
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You're going to get a more accurate casting.
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Hopefully it will be almost exactly 1-to-1,
y'know.. microns of accuracy.
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Hopefully.
Hopefully.
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And then the casting material, also important.
yeah
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'cause you have resins and silicones
and all sorts of stuff.
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Well the pad of your fingertip is about
a 35-A durometer, but-
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When you say Durometer that's how
stiff it is, how rigid it is
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Yeah, the Durometer scale is how
you measure how soft
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or how rigid something is.
There's an 'A' scale for soft things,
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and a 'D' scale for rigid things.
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And your thumb-tip is about a 35-A.
ok
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But, the problem is is that when
we push on a button
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it doesn't have enough give to
kinda like.. flatten out,
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so I think we want to go a
little bit softer.
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So we were doing this off-camera,
this casting is done in
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a 20 durometer silicone, which technically
is softer than the 35 of your finger.
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I think we want to go softer than that,
I have a 10 Durometer.
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That's right, you want it to be able
to flatten without pushing the button.
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Yeah.
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Now the other piece of
the puzzle is capacitance.
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You need to be able to activate that
touch sensor in the first place.
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How are we going to give silicone capacitance?
Because if you put a silicone finger,
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or you know, a hot-dog on here,
it's not going to activate the touch-screen.
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Maybe a hot-dog will... would a-
A hot-dog would, yes.
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But a silicone hot-dog wouldn't.
We can make hot-dog fingers.
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uh.. we could do that.
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I think, from what everybody's told me,
adding graphite is enough to
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give it capacitance. So that's mixing it into
the silicone or powdering
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the surface of the mold, and then
putting the silicone behind it
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so that the silicone grabs the
surface of the graphite.
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We'll try it.
We'll try it.
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Like I said, this is an honest-to-goodness
experiment and-
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And there's a good likelihood we'll fail.
(laughs)
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But follow along the process,
let's go to step one
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which is creating a casting of
your finger.
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If you're using 'body double' from 'Smooth-on,'
which is just a casting silicone,
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Specifically for life casting.
For life casting, it's accurate as possible,
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we've done life-casts with it before,
you mix in a little bit of material as well?
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I mix in a thickener called '5X,' instead
of using Cabosil or something fumey
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to thicken it, it's just a couple drops
of this liquid and it gets thick.
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And then you're, in terms of making the mold,
you're just doing a thin coating
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of silicone, just to get into those grooves
and make sure it's a strong relief,
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a perfect copy, and then just
slather that silicone on top.
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Yeah. I kinda smeared it into
the grooves of my fingertip.
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And then built it up so that
it has some thickness.
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Alright, so now it's time to
wait until this cures.
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Ok Frank, while the silicone mold
on your finger is curing,
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Let's begin experiment 2.
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Another way we thought we could
'spoof' Touch I.D. is
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if someone left their fingerprint on
a piece of glass for example,
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and we'd captured it photographically.
So we had you put you finger right here
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on some baby powder and put it
right on this piece of foam-core.
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This is basically the equivalent of putting
your greasy finger on glass, for example.
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Which is what the 'C.C.C.' did.
So, we took a photo of this,
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took a macro photo, blew it up,
very high resolution
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with my camera and then
processed it on a computer
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to scale it, to be exactly the size
of your finger.
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Measured it, it was about an inch tall.
And then I laser etched it.
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So I tried several variations, laser
etched of different relief.
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With laser etching y'know-
Different depths.
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Yeah. Different depths, changed the colour,
inverted it, uhh but basically
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used this as a substitute for your finger
and then mold on top of that,
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or cast on top of that. We're not sure
if that's going to work either,
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but we also want to create
the molds here.
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And also using silicone.
Sure.
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I ran some 'Body Double' onto
these etched parts,
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to see how they come out and some of them
look like they're actually going to work.
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So what we want to do is
we want to dust them with graphite.
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And then, put some more silicone
on top of this, and then
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we can use it as kind-of
a finger pad,
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You know, because it's thin and flexible
and maybe that.. that will work.
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So we're going to do some mental
gymnastics here,
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the photo of your fingerprint, which
I blew up and high-contrasted,
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made sure that all the curves
were very visible.
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That was the reverse of
what your fingerprint actually is.
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So without inverting it, without flipping
it back, just etching that,
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basically, what you're going to get
on the etch is what you would get
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on the foam-core here or a
fingerprint on the phone.
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And so when we create the silicone
casting on top of that,
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this isn't the mold, this is the fingerprint.
Yes.
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Ok. So put some graphite on there
and we'll mix up some more 'Body Double'
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And we'll add a little graphite
into the 'Body Double'
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Just to help with capacitance maybe, I dunno.
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It's black like tar!
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So the cast of your finger is about done.
Yeah, this is all solid now so..
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What you do is just kind of
peel it off.
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Because it's in all the detail of my
finger it's got a lot of suction.
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That's good.
Yeah.
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Take a look at that, you can flip it inside-out
and see all those ridges and grooves,
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There you go Internet, copy this
and go hack all my passwords.
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That's a good looking fingerprint.
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So what we'll do is put a few
different materials into this.
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But, we have another copy of the fingerprint
etched at a different DPI
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and we'll smear some more stuff into that.
Yeah.
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My question and my concern with the
laser etching is the resolution you can etch.
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And you can change that on the laser cutter,
so I have 500ppi, 600ppi and 800ppi.
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ppi or dpi?
It's.. sort of the same, points per inch.
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ok.
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And the higher we go the more chance
that the acrylic will get fused into the crevices
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and the dust will take away some of the detail,
but that- you can recognise it as a fingerprint
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I just don't know if it will be
good enough to fool Touch I.D.
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You don't know if we're good enough to fool Touch I.D?
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Are we smarter than Apple?
Probably not.
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Alright, back to experiment 1,
the hand-cast - the finger cast
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and you're going to put some silicone in there.
Yeah.
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So first thing I'm going to do is
hit it with a little bit of release
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This is just 'Ease-release 200.'
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We actually haven't seen you use
mold remover before,
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this extends the life of your molds.
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Yeah, if you want to cast like Urethane
parts or something like that
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this works great, it just happens
to be what I have sitting around right now.
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I want to put release on here because
nothing sticks to silicone but other silicone,
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but we're putting silicone in here so..
Oh..
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So I'm spraying it in and just
sort of rubbing it around
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So what I'm going to do on this first
is I'll rub some graphite into the surface
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kind of like how I dusted the etching.
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You've gotta be careful, this is really tricky
because we want just enough graphite
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to activate Touch I.D, and the activation
I think happens around the ring of the home button
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But we don't want too much graphite, because
that might take away the detail.
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I want to Imagine Apple engineers watching
this and just laughing their butts off.
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'Those fools, those morons,
they'll never do it.'
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So this is the rubber I'm going to use,
the 10 Durometer,
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for this stuff we were using the 'Body Double'
because it was real thin and
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it'll just serve as a pad you
put on your finger.
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So this one- I'll make kind of a full finger,
sort of like this stuff.
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And I'll do another one that's just
kind of a pad we can put on another finger.
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Alright, so the castings are done.
The silicone has cured,
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It's time to pop 'em out of the molds.
Yep.
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So what we have here,
we actually did more than 1.
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A silicone casting from a silicone mold,
pops out and how do the fingerprints look?
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I think that the detail is really great, it's
about as exact of a replica of a fingerprint
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as you can get from your fingerprint, but
we'll see if it reads on the Touch I.D.
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And then also the silicone we used on top
of the laser etching,
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we pulled those out as well. And the
advantage of these is that
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if someone wanted to 'spoof' someone elses
fingerprint, this is more likely
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how they would be able to do it. They're not
going to be able to get someone to
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put their finger in a mold for
15-20 minutes.
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They're more likely to take a photo
of their fingerprint,
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from a touchpad or piece of glass
or something,
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and see if they can laser etch it.
Yeah.
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Plus these are thinner.
Yeah, that'll help with the capacitance.
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It's like if you're wearing a rubber glove
you can still activate your phone.
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So let's do a first test which is
a test of capacitance.
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Let's unlock this phone,
I'll just type in the passcode..
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And show that using the graphite infused
silicone works, just to manipulate the touch screen.
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Alright, that seems to be working.
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Let's try with this now, this is Franks finger.
Oh, no capacitance.
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Umm.. we could try wetting it or..-
Putting some graphite on top of it.
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Yeah we could try those two things.
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This is tough because water
just beads off silicone.
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Ok, a wet finger,
a wet finger-casting.
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That activates the screen.
Mm-hmm.
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But we don't know how that
will affect Touch I.D.
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So this one's dusted with extra graphite.
We'll see if that works.
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It does!
Great.
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So capacitance is working, so here
comes the moment of truth.
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Or failure.
Or failure.
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(laughs)
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The moment of failure,
potential failure. We'll call it that.
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I'll hit the top button on the screen,
it's going to want to unlock.
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And we'll show that, for example,
my finger doesn't unlock this.
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Your finger does unlock.
My finger that was molded does unlock.
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And now let's put that on top of there.
(gasp)
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It unlocked!
It unlocked!
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Holy moly!
We fuckin' did it!
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I'm genuinely shocked, I didn't
think it was going to work.
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Let's see if we can duplicate that.
Alright..
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Let's do- let's prove that this
finger here does not work.
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Try again
Does not work, ok.
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(gasp!)
We did it.
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(laughs)
Huge success.
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Test 1, experiment 1;
Success.
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I'm going to try it on my finger.
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So let's talk about what did work.
Ok.
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Experiment 1: we did a silicone casting of your
finger, with a silicone mold
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that you carefully made, also of
the same index finger.
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Now with the silicone casting we infused
it with graphite, which by itself
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didn't seem to activate the capacitance ring
on the Touch I.D sensor.
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But by brushing graphite on top of it,
that actually made it register as a finger.
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And, with one of our castings we were
able to unlock the phone.
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And the cooler thing even, is that on new
iPhones 6 and 6+, is theoretically
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more improved, the sensor on the
inside is higher resolution.
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And even on the 6+, where we trained beforehand,
your index finger but not mine...
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It unlocks!
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So now I can unlock
Will's phone any time I want.
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Well.. if your fingerprint was stored in it, yes.
(laughs)
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But the other thing we have to test of course
is the laser etching process.
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This is taking a high resolution photograph
left on a surface, laser etching it
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and then creating a
mold of that.
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So we've cut out a bunch of our
laser etched fingers,
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Let's go back to the 5-S, ok,
and let's see if that works.
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So here I have your fingerprint
theoretically, on top of mine..
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..'try again.'
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Come on!..... do something!..
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So unfortunately, the laser etched and then
cast silicone fingerprint doesn't work.
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What's interesting is that it does recognise
on the Touch I.D, it is trying a fingerprint.
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Which, if you put any other capacitive surface on there-
Like a hot-dog.
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Right. It knows that that's not a finger,
so it wouldn't even try.
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So we got it to try, we got it to fail,
but we couldn't get it to
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recognise it as your finger.
Well..
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At least we got one of them.
At least we got one of them.
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This is really cool, we get to learn basically
how Touch I.D. works in practice.
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We recognise it doesn't need a warm finger.
Mmhmm.
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All you need is something that has
the fidelity, the resolution of your fingertip
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and has enough capacitance to activate the ring.
Yeah.
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So if your finger was chopped off,
theoretically, it would still work.
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00:16:53,553 --> 00:16:54,916
There you go.
There you go.
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Touch I.D. tested, it's a fun project
with Frank Bellino
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What else do you do? You do
a bunch of other tests here or-
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Well, during the week, when I was at lunch
and stuff like that, I tried a bunch
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of different things. One thing I did was
take a ball of clay and just push
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my finger into it, to get a fingerprint in the clay,
and put silicone into there.
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00:17:12,556 --> 00:17:17,115
That didn't work either, these are attempts at
just doing a fingerprint in clay.
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That's not enough resolution, the silicone
mold gets a better resolution.
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00:17:22,335 --> 00:17:24,202
So that's kind of the way to do that.
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Try different ways and you know what?
If you have experience with special effects
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or casting.. or new ideas.. the Choas
Compter Club, they posted their instructions
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we'd love to see your videos or your attempts
at 'spoofing' Touch I.D.
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But this was a lot of fun!
Yeah it was cool
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I've never- I've always thought about this but
never really tried it, but now we kind of know
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sort of what works.
It's a fun experiment.
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Touch I.D tested here on Tested.
Thank you Franky Belito,
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Thank you to premium members for
bringing this video
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00:17:54,845 --> 00:17:57,488
And thanks 'Smooth on' for giving
us stuff to fool with.
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00:17:57,704 --> 00:18:01,848
Thanks 'Smooth on' for materials again, we used
'Body Double,' we used 'Dragon skin,'
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00:18:02,015 --> 00:18:06,970
and they have a lot of materials. It's fun stuff
and you'll find more of this stuff on Tested,
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00:18:07,097 --> 00:18:11,259
Subscribe to our Youtube channel
and we'll see you next time. bye.