1 00:00:00,860 --> 00:00:03,739 As a kid I've always loved information 2 00:00:03,739 --> 00:00:05,587 that I could get from data 3 00:00:05,587 --> 00:00:08,629 and the stories that could be told with numbers. 4 00:00:08,629 --> 00:00:10,833 I remember growing up I'd be frustrated about 5 00:00:10,833 --> 00:00:16,459 how my own parents would lie to me using numbers. 6 00:00:16,459 --> 00:00:22,173 (Immitating father) "Talithia, if I've told you once I've told you a thousand times." 7 00:00:22,173 --> 00:00:25,335 No dad, you've only told me 17 times 8 00:00:25,335 --> 00:00:28,497 and twice it wasn't my fault. (Laughter) 9 00:00:28,497 --> 00:00:31,661 I think that is one of the reasons I got a Ph.D. in statistics. 10 00:00:31,661 --> 00:00:32,569 You know, I always wanted to know, 11 00:00:32,569 --> 00:00:35,755 what are people trying to hide with numbers? 12 00:00:35,755 --> 00:00:36,938 As a statistician, 13 00:00:36,938 --> 00:00:40,791 I want people to show me the data 14 00:00:40,791 --> 00:00:43,126 so I can decide for myself. 15 00:00:43,126 --> 00:00:46,175 Donald and I were pregnant with our third child 16 00:00:46,175 --> 00:00:48,909 and we were at about 41 and a half weeks, 17 00:00:48,909 --> 00:00:52,286 what some of you may refer to as being overdue. 18 00:00:52,286 --> 00:00:54,121 Statisticians, we call that 19 00:00:54,121 --> 00:00:58,476 being within the 95 percent confidence interval. (Laughter) 20 00:00:58,476 --> 00:01:00,951 And, at this point in the process 21 00:01:00,951 --> 00:01:03,144 we had to come in every couple of days 22 00:01:03,144 --> 00:01:04,952 to do a stress test on the baby, 23 00:01:04,952 --> 00:01:06,134 and this is just routine, 24 00:01:06,134 --> 00:01:09,500 it tests whether or not the baby is feeling any type of undo stress. 25 00:01:10,710 --> 00:01:14,113 And you are rarely, if ever, seen by your actual Doctor, 26 00:01:14,113 --> 00:01:17,280 just whoever happens to be working at the hospital that day. 27 00:01:17,280 --> 00:01:20,026 So we go in for a stress test and after 20 minutes 28 00:01:20,026 --> 00:01:23,524 the Doctor comes out and he says, 29 00:01:23,524 --> 00:01:29,079 "your baby is on under stress, we need to induce you." 30 00:01:29,079 --> 00:01:33,698 Now, as a statistician, what's my response? 31 00:01:33,698 --> 00:01:37,370 Show me the data! 32 00:01:37,370 --> 00:01:40,072 So then he proceeds to tell us 33 00:01:40,072 --> 00:01:42,497 the baby's heart rate trace went from 18 minutes, 34 00:01:42,497 --> 00:01:44,468 the baby's heart rate was in the normal zone 35 00:01:44,468 --> 00:01:47,421 and for 2 minutes it was in what appeared to be 36 00:01:47,421 --> 00:01:50,871 my heart rate zone and I said, 37 00:01:50,871 --> 00:01:53,497 is it possible that maybe this was my heart rate? 38 00:01:53,497 --> 00:01:55,492 You know, I was moving around a little bit... 39 00:01:55,492 --> 00:01:57,790 it's hard to lay still on your back, 40 00:01:57,790 --> 00:02:00,308 41 weeks pregnant for 20 minutes... 41 00:02:00,308 --> 00:02:02,481 you know, maybe it was shifting around. 42 00:02:02,481 --> 00:02:07,457 He said, "well, we don't want to take any chances." 43 00:02:07,457 --> 00:02:08,867 I said, okay .... 44 00:02:08,867 --> 00:02:10,436 I said, what if I was at 36 weeks 45 00:02:10,436 --> 00:02:12,245 with this same data? 46 00:02:12,245 --> 00:02:16,126 Would your decision be to induce? 47 00:02:16,126 --> 00:02:17,474 (Immitating Doctor) "Well no, 48 00:02:17,474 --> 00:02:19,692 I would wait until you were at least 49 00:02:19,692 --> 00:02:21,702 38 weeks but you are almost 42, 50 00:02:21,702 --> 00:02:23,709 there is no reason to leave that baby inside, 51 00:02:23,709 --> 00:02:25,676 let's get you a room." 52 00:02:25,676 --> 00:02:30,220 I said...well... 53 00:02:30,220 --> 00:02:32,241 Why don't we just do it again? 54 00:02:32,241 --> 00:02:34,162 We can collect more data... 55 00:02:34,162 --> 00:02:36,373 I can try to be really still for 20 minutes... 56 00:02:36,373 --> 00:02:39,056 we can sort of average the two and see.... 57 00:02:39,056 --> 00:02:41,738 what that means. (Laughter) 58 00:02:41,738 --> 00:02:47,235 And he says, 59 00:02:47,235 --> 00:02:52,434 "Ma'am, I just don't want you to have a miscarriage." 60 00:02:52,434 --> 00:02:55,566 That makes three of us. 61 00:02:55,566 --> 00:02:56,720 And then he says, 62 00:02:56,720 --> 00:03:01,438 "your chances of having a miscarriage double 63 00:03:01,438 --> 00:03:05,135 when you go past your due date... let's get you a room." 64 00:03:05,135 --> 00:03:10,892 Wow. So now as a statistician, what's my response? 65 00:03:10,892 --> 00:03:12,240 Show me the data! 66 00:03:12,240 --> 00:03:13,445 Dude you're talking chances, 67 00:03:13,445 --> 00:03:15,701 I do chances all day long, tell me all about chances. 68 00:03:15,701 --> 00:03:17,523 Let's talk chances. (Laugher) 69 00:03:17,523 --> 00:03:19,488 Let's talk chances. 70 00:03:19,488 --> 00:03:20,689 So I say okay, great... 71 00:03:20,689 --> 00:03:24,590 do I go from like a 30 percent chance to a 60 percent chance? 72 00:03:24,590 --> 00:03:27,141 Like, where are we here with this miscarriage thing? 73 00:03:27,141 --> 00:03:30,437 And he says, "not quite but it doubles... 74 00:03:30,437 --> 00:03:35,419 and we really just want what's best for the baby." 75 00:03:35,419 --> 00:03:37,942 Undaunted, I try a different angle. 76 00:03:37,942 --> 00:03:43,089 I said ok out of 1,000 full term pregnant woman, 77 00:03:43,089 --> 00:03:45,616 how many of them are going to miscarry 78 00:03:45,616 --> 00:03:47,411 just before their due date? 79 00:03:47,411 --> 00:03:50,259 And then he looks at me and looks at Donald, 80 00:03:50,259 --> 00:03:54,962 and he says, about one in 1,000. 81 00:03:54,962 --> 00:03:57,792 I said okay, so of those 1,000 women how many 82 00:03:57,792 --> 00:04:00,910 are going to miscarry just after their due date? 83 00:04:03,030 --> 00:04:06,222 Immitating Doctor: "About two." 84 00:04:06,222 --> 00:04:08,106 I said okay, so you are telling me that my chances 85 00:04:08,106 --> 00:04:12,213 go from 0.1 percent chance 86 00:04:12,213 --> 00:04:16,459 to a 0.2 percent chance. 87 00:04:16,459 --> 00:04:18,757 Ok, so at this point the data is not convincing us 88 00:04:18,757 --> 00:04:20,385 that we need to be induced 89 00:04:20,385 --> 00:04:21,994 and so then we need to have a conversation 90 00:04:21,994 --> 00:04:24,982 about how inductions leads to a higher rate 91 00:04:24,982 --> 00:04:28,973 of cesarean sections and if at all possible we'd like to avoid that. 92 00:04:28,973 --> 00:04:30,225 And then I said, you know, 93 00:04:30,225 --> 00:04:34,960 and I really don't think my due date is accurate. (Laughter) 94 00:04:34,960 --> 00:04:38,445 And so this really stunned him 95 00:04:38,445 --> 00:04:40,095 and he looks sort of puzzled 96 00:04:40,095 --> 00:04:42,227 and I said, well you may not know this 97 00:04:42,227 --> 00:04:43,808 but pregnancy due dates are calculated 98 00:04:43,808 --> 00:04:46,346 assuming that you have a standard 28 day cycle 99 00:04:46,346 --> 00:04:47,748 and my cycle ranges, 100 00:04:47,748 --> 00:04:51,295 sometimes it's 27, sometimes it is up to 38... 101 00:04:51,295 --> 00:04:55,249 and I have been collecting the data to prove it. 102 00:04:55,249 --> 00:04:58,413 (Laughter) 103 00:04:58,413 --> 00:05:01,540 And so we ended up leaving the hospital that day 104 00:05:01,540 --> 00:05:04,049 without being induced, 105 00:05:04,049 --> 00:05:10,263 we actually had to sign a waiver to walk out of the hospital. 106 00:05:10,263 --> 00:05:14,181 And I'm not advocating that you not listen to your Doctors, 107 00:05:14,181 --> 00:05:15,289 because even with our first child 108 00:05:15,289 --> 00:05:19,511 we were induced at 38 weeks, cervical fluid was low, 109 00:05:19,511 --> 00:05:21,969 I'm not anti-medical intervention. 110 00:05:21,969 --> 00:05:24,833 But why were confident to leave that day? 111 00:05:24,833 --> 00:05:28,483 Well, we had data that told a different story. 112 00:05:28,483 --> 00:05:33,491 We had been collecting data for six years. 113 00:05:33,491 --> 00:05:35,789 I had this temperature data, 114 00:05:35,789 --> 00:05:37,064 and it told a different story. 115 00:05:37,064 --> 00:05:44,477 In fact, we could probably pretty accurately estimate conception. 116 00:05:44,477 --> 00:05:46,379 Yeah, that's a story you want to tell 117 00:05:46,379 --> 00:05:49,631 at your kid's wedding reception. (Laughter) 118 00:05:49,631 --> 00:05:53,324 I remember like it was yesterday... (Laughter) 119 00:05:53,324 --> 00:05:55,545 my temperature was a sizzling 97.8 degrees 120 00:05:55,545 --> 00:06:03,279 as I stared into your father's eyes. (Laughter) 121 00:06:03,279 --> 00:06:07,131 22 more years we're telling that story. 122 00:06:07,131 --> 00:06:08,622 But we were confident to leave because 123 00:06:08,622 --> 00:06:09,924 we had been collecting data. 124 00:06:09,924 --> 00:06:13,100 Now what does that data look like? 125 00:06:13,100 --> 00:06:14,987 Here's a standard chart 126 00:06:14,987 --> 00:06:17,729 of a woman's waking body temperature 127 00:06:17,729 --> 00:06:19,246 during the course of a cycle. 128 00:06:19,246 --> 00:06:20,699 So from the beginning of the menstrual cycle 129 00:06:20,699 --> 00:06:22,051 until the beginning of the next. 130 00:06:22,051 --> 00:06:24,872 You'll see that the temperature is not random. 131 00:06:24,872 --> 00:06:26,936 Right, there clearly there is a low pattern 132 00:06:26,936 --> 00:06:28,935 at the beginning of her cycle 133 00:06:28,935 --> 00:06:31,434 and then you see this jump and then a higher 134 00:06:31,434 --> 00:06:33,712 set of temperatures at the end of her cycle. 135 00:06:33,712 --> 00:06:35,133 So what's happening here? 136 00:06:35,133 --> 00:06:37,739 What is that data telling you? 137 00:06:37,739 --> 00:06:40,438 Well ladies, at the beginning of our cycle, 138 00:06:40,438 --> 00:06:43,490 the hormone estrogen is dominant and that estrogen 139 00:06:43,490 --> 00:06:47,589 causes a suppression of your body temperature. 140 00:06:47,589 --> 00:06:51,126 And at ovulation, your body releases an egg 141 00:06:51,126 --> 00:06:56,141 and progesterone takes over, pro-gestation. 142 00:06:56,141 --> 00:06:58,493 And so your body heats up in anticipation 143 00:06:58,493 --> 00:07:02,279 of housing this new little fertilized egg. 144 00:07:02,279 --> 00:07:05,011 So why this temperature jump? 145 00:07:05,011 --> 00:07:08,687 Well, think about when a bird sits on her eggs... 146 00:07:08,687 --> 00:07:10,153 why is she sitting on them? 147 00:07:10,153 --> 00:07:12,370 She wants to keep them warm, 148 00:07:12,370 --> 00:07:13,594 protect them and keep them warm. 149 00:07:13,594 --> 00:07:15,865 Ladies, this is exactly what our bodies do every month, 150 00:07:15,865 --> 00:07:17,956 they heat up in anticipation 151 00:07:17,956 --> 00:07:21,612 of keeping a new little life warm. 152 00:07:21,612 --> 00:07:24,022 And if nothing happens, if you are not pregnant, 153 00:07:24,022 --> 00:07:28,564 then estrogen takes back over and that cycle starts all over again. 154 00:07:28,564 --> 00:07:30,511 But if you do get pregnant, sometimes you 155 00:07:30,511 --> 00:07:32,578 actually see another shift in your temperatures 156 00:07:34,645 --> 00:07:36,712 and it stays elevated for those whole nine months. 157 00:07:36,712 --> 00:07:38,047 That's why you see those pregnant woman 158 00:07:38,047 --> 00:07:39,142 just sweating and hot... 159 00:07:39,142 --> 00:07:43,045 because their temperatures are high. 160 00:07:43,045 --> 00:07:47,734 Here is a chart that we had about 3 or 4 years ago 161 00:07:47,734 --> 00:07:49,434 we were really very excited about this chart, 162 00:07:49,434 --> 00:07:51,970 you'll se the low temperature level 163 00:07:51,970 --> 00:07:55,012 and then a shift and for about five days, 164 00:07:55,012 --> 00:07:57,471 that's about the time it takes for the egg to travel 165 00:07:57,471 --> 00:07:59,918 down the fallopian tube and implant, 166 00:07:59,918 --> 00:08:03,559 and then you see those temperature charts go up a little bit. 167 00:08:03,559 --> 00:08:06,772 And in fact, we had a second temperature shift 168 00:08:06,772 --> 00:08:11,142 confirmed with a pregnancy test that were indeed pregnant 169 00:08:11,142 --> 00:08:13,913 with our fist child, very exciting. 170 00:08:13,913 --> 00:08:15,944 Until a couple of days later 171 00:08:15,944 --> 00:08:20,885 I saw some spotting and then I noticed heavy blood flow, 172 00:08:20,885 --> 00:08:25,244 and we had in fact had an early stage miscarriage. 173 00:08:25,244 --> 00:08:29,324 Had I not been taking my temperature.... 174 00:08:29,324 --> 00:08:33,012 I really just thought my period was late that month.... 175 00:08:33,012 --> 00:08:34,820 but we actually had data to show 176 00:08:34,820 --> 00:08:37,447 that we had miscarried this baby, 177 00:08:37,447 --> 00:08:39,280 and even though this data revealed a really 178 00:08:39,280 --> 00:08:40,864 unfortunate event in our lives, 179 00:08:40,864 --> 00:08:43,531 it was information that we can then take to our doctor. 180 00:08:43,531 --> 00:08:46,159 So if there was a fertility issue or some problem 181 00:08:46,159 --> 00:08:47,414 I had data to show, 182 00:08:47,414 --> 00:08:49,761 we got pregnant, our temperature shifted, 183 00:08:49,761 --> 00:08:51,445 we somehow lost this baby... 184 00:08:51,445 --> 00:08:54,805 what is it that we can do to help prevent this problem? 185 00:08:54,805 --> 00:08:58,326 And it's not just about temperatures 186 00:08:58,326 --> 00:09:01,067 and it is not just about fertility, 187 00:09:01,067 --> 00:09:04,955 we can use data about our bodies to tell us a lot of things. 188 00:09:04,955 --> 00:09:06,795 For instance, did you know that taking your 189 00:09:06,795 --> 00:09:08,568 temperature can tell you a lot 190 00:09:08,568 --> 00:09:10,924 about the condition of your thyroid? 191 00:09:10,924 --> 00:09:15,309 So your thyroid works a lot like the thermostat in your house. 192 00:09:15,309 --> 00:09:16,977 There is an optimal temperature that you want in your house, 193 00:09:16,977 --> 00:09:18,681 you set your thermostat, 194 00:09:18,681 --> 00:09:21,355 when it gets too cold in the house your thermostat kicks in 195 00:09:21,355 --> 00:09:24,393 and says, "hey we need to blow some heat around", 196 00:09:24,393 --> 00:09:25,702 or if it gets too hot your thermostat 197 00:09:25,702 --> 00:09:29,619 sort of registers turn the AC on, cool us off 198 00:09:29,619 --> 00:09:33,416 that's exactly how your thyroid works in your body. 199 00:09:33,416 --> 00:09:36,116 Your thyroid tries to keep an optimal temperature 200 00:09:36,116 --> 00:09:37,144 for your body. 201 00:09:37,144 --> 00:09:39,626 If it get too cold your thyroid says we need to heat up, 202 00:09:39,626 --> 00:09:42,814 if it gets too hot, your thyroid cools you down. 203 00:09:42,814 --> 00:09:47,520 But what happens when your thyroid is not functioning well? 204 00:09:47,520 --> 00:09:49,587 But when it doesn't function then it shows up 205 00:09:49,587 --> 00:09:50,773 in your body temperatures, 206 00:09:50,773 --> 00:09:53,428 they tend to be lower than normal and very erratic. 207 00:09:53,428 --> 00:09:54,698 So by collecting this data 208 00:09:54,698 --> 00:09:57,685 you can find out information about your thyroid. 209 00:09:57,685 --> 00:10:01,249 Now, what is it, if you had a thyroid problem and you went to the doctor, 210 00:10:01,249 --> 00:10:03,682 your doctor would actually test the amount of 211 00:10:03,682 --> 00:10:06,620 thyroid stimulating hormone in your blood. 212 00:10:06,620 --> 00:10:11,393 But the problem with that test is 213 00:10:11,393 --> 00:10:13,718 it doesn't tell you how active the hormone is in your body. 214 00:10:13,718 --> 00:10:15,617 So you may have a lot of hormone present 215 00:10:15,617 --> 00:10:17,365 but it might not be actively working to regulate 216 00:10:17,365 --> 00:10:18,613 your body temperature. 217 00:10:18,613 --> 00:10:20,362 So just by collecting your temperature every day 218 00:10:20,362 --> 00:10:24,132 you get information about the condition of your thyroid. 219 00:10:24,132 --> 00:10:26,673 So what if you don't want to take your temperature every day? 220 00:10:26,673 --> 00:10:28,021 I advocate that you do 221 00:10:28,021 --> 00:10:29,876 but there's tons of other things you can take. 222 00:10:29,876 --> 00:10:33,361 You can take your blood pressure, you can take your weight... 223 00:10:33,361 --> 00:10:34,271 yeah, who's excited about 224 00:10:34,271 --> 00:10:37,808 taking your weight every day. (Laughter) 225 00:10:37,808 --> 00:10:43,109 Early on in our marriage Donald had a stuffy nose 226 00:10:43,109 --> 00:10:45,719 and he had been taking a slew of medications 227 00:10:45,719 --> 00:10:50,108 to try to relieve his stuffy nose to no avail. 228 00:10:50,108 --> 00:10:53,957 And so that night he comes and he wakes me up and he says 229 00:10:53,957 --> 00:10:58,304 "honey, I can't breath out of my nose". 230 00:10:58,304 --> 00:11:04,269 And I sort of roll over and I look, and I said, well can you breath out of your mouth? 231 00:11:04,269 --> 00:11:11,140 And he goes, "yes, but I cant breath out of my nose"! 232 00:11:11,140 --> 00:11:14,400 And so like any good wife, I rush him 233 00:11:14,400 --> 00:11:15,995 to the emergency room 234 00:11:15,995 --> 00:11:18,557 at two o'clock in the morning. 235 00:11:18,557 --> 00:11:21,897 And the whole time I'm driving and I'm thinking 236 00:11:21,897 --> 00:11:24,746 you can't die on my now. (Laughter) 237 00:11:24,746 --> 00:11:26,916 We just got married 238 00:11:26,916 --> 00:11:31,584 people would think I killed you! 239 00:11:31,584 --> 00:11:35,047 And so, we get to the ER and the nurse sees us 240 00:11:35,047 --> 00:11:37,668 and he can't breath out of his nose and so 241 00:11:37,668 --> 00:11:39,751 she brings us to the back and the doctor say, 242 00:11:39,751 --> 00:11:41,310 what seems to be the problem and he goes, 243 00:11:41,310 --> 00:11:42,927 "I can't breath out of my nose". 244 00:11:42,927 --> 00:11:44,989 And he said, you can't breath out of your nose? "No"... 245 00:11:44,989 --> 00:11:50,866 but he can breath out of his mouth...(laughter) 246 00:11:50,866 --> 00:11:53,508 He takes a step back and he looks at both of us 247 00:11:53,508 --> 00:11:57,374 and he says sir, I think I know the problem. 248 00:11:57,374 --> 00:11:58,810 You're having a heart attack, 249 00:11:58,810 --> 00:12:00,861 I'm going to order an EKG and a CAT scan 250 00:12:00,861 --> 00:12:04,963 for you immediately. 251 00:12:04,963 --> 00:12:05,831 And we are thinking, 252 00:12:05,831 --> 00:12:08,771 no, no, no... it's not a heart attack, he can breathe, 253 00:12:08,771 --> 00:12:13,768 just out of his mouth. No, no. no. 254 00:12:13,768 --> 00:12:15,811 and so we go back and forth with this doctor 255 00:12:15,811 --> 00:12:18,509 because we think it is the incorrect diagnosis 256 00:12:18,509 --> 00:12:22,461 and he's like no really, it'll be fine, just calm down. 257 00:12:22,461 --> 00:12:27,170 And I'm thinking, how do you calm down... I don't think he's having a heart attack. 258 00:12:27,170 --> 00:12:29,621 Fortunately for us, this doctor was at the end of the shift. 259 00:12:29,621 --> 00:12:32,536 So this new doctor comes in he sees us clearly 260 00:12:32,536 --> 00:12:35,537 distraught, with a husband who can't breath 261 00:12:35,537 --> 00:12:38,249 out of his nose. (Laughter) 262 00:12:39,409 --> 00:12:41,425 He starts asking us questions. 263 00:12:41,425 --> 00:12:46,305 He says well, do you two exercise? 264 00:12:46,305 --> 00:12:52,008 We ride our bikes, we go to the gym, 265 00:12:52,008 --> 00:12:55,161 occasionally. (Laughter) 266 00:12:55,161 --> 00:12:57,896 We move around. 267 00:12:57,896 --> 00:13:01,059 And he says, what were you doing just before you came here? 268 00:13:01,059 --> 00:13:03,271 I'm thinking, I was sleeping, honestly... 269 00:13:03,271 --> 00:13:06,322 But okay, what was Donald doing just before? 270 00:13:06,322 --> 00:13:09,650 So Donald goes into this slew of medications he was taking. 271 00:13:09,650 --> 00:13:12,612 He lists, I took this decongestant and then took this nasal spray 272 00:13:12,612 --> 00:13:14,607 and then all of a sudden the light bulb goes off and he says, 273 00:13:14,615 --> 00:13:18,832 "Oh! You should never mix this decongestant with this nasal spray, 274 00:13:18,832 --> 00:13:19,879 clogs you up every time. 275 00:13:19,879 --> 00:13:20,857 Here, take this one instead," 276 00:13:20,857 --> 00:13:23,325 and he gives us a prescription. 277 00:13:23,325 --> 00:13:25,315 We're looking at each other and I looked at the doctor 278 00:13:25,315 --> 00:13:27,501 and I said why is it that it seems like you 279 00:13:27,501 --> 00:13:29,952 were able to accurately diagnose his condition 280 00:13:29,952 --> 00:13:32,168 but this previous doctor wanted to order 281 00:13:32,168 --> 00:13:34,674 an EKG and a CAT scan? 282 00:13:34,674 --> 00:13:37,281 And he looks at us and says, 283 00:13:37,281 --> 00:13:40,369 "when a 350 pound man walks in the ER 284 00:13:40,369 --> 00:13:41,484 and says he can't breath, 285 00:13:41,484 --> 00:13:43,263 you assume he's having a heart attack 286 00:13:43,263 --> 00:13:47,212 and you ask questions later." 287 00:13:47,212 --> 00:13:52,932 ER doctors are trained to make decisions quickly, 288 00:13:52,932 --> 00:13:55,023 but not always accurately. 289 00:13:55,023 --> 00:13:56,572 And so had we had some information 290 00:13:56,572 --> 00:13:58,966 about our heart health to share with him 291 00:13:58,966 --> 00:14:01,161 maybe we would have gotten a better diagnosis 292 00:14:01,161 --> 00:14:02,741 the first time. 293 00:14:02,741 --> 00:14:04,973 I want you to consider the following chart, 294 00:14:04,973 --> 00:14:06,927 of systolic blood pressure measurements 295 00:14:06,927 --> 00:14:11,469 from October 2010 to July 2012. 296 00:14:11,469 --> 00:14:12,692 You'll see that these measurements start 297 00:14:12,692 --> 00:14:16,750 in the prehypertension/Hypertension zone, 298 00:14:16,750 --> 00:14:18,946 but over about the course of a year and a half 299 00:14:18,946 --> 00:14:21,591 they move into the normal zone. 300 00:14:21,591 --> 00:14:25,700 This is about the hear rate of a healthy 16 year old. 301 00:14:25,700 --> 00:14:29,731 What story is this data telling you? 302 00:14:29,731 --> 00:14:32,152 Obviously is the data from someone 303 00:14:32,152 --> 00:14:35,285 who's made a drastic transformation 304 00:14:35,285 --> 00:14:40,443 and fortunately for us, that person happens to be here today. 305 00:14:40,443 --> 00:14:44,697 So that 350 pound guy that walked into the ER with me 306 00:14:44,697 --> 00:14:47,669 is now an even sexier and healthier 307 00:14:47,669 --> 00:14:54,357 225 pound guy, and that's his blood pressure trace. 308 00:14:54,357 --> 00:14:57,818 So over the course of that year and a half 309 00:14:57,818 --> 00:14:59,387 Donald's eating changed 310 00:14:59,387 --> 00:15:01,378 and his exercise regimen changed, 311 00:15:01,378 --> 00:15:04,168 and his heart rate responded, 312 00:15:04,168 --> 00:15:05,670 his blood pressure responded to that change 313 00:15:05,670 --> 00:15:07,969 that he made in his body. 314 00:15:07,969 --> 00:15:09,947 So what's the take home message 315 00:15:09,947 --> 00:15:13,661 that I want you to leave with today? 316 00:15:13,661 --> 00:15:18,035 By taking ownership of your data just like we've done, 317 00:15:18,035 --> 00:15:21,982 just by taking this daily measurements about yourself, 318 00:15:21,982 --> 00:15:24,491 you become the expert on your body. 319 00:15:24,491 --> 00:15:26,493 You become the authority. 320 00:15:26,493 --> 00:15:28,916 It's not hard to do. 321 00:15:28,916 --> 00:15:31,016 You don't have to have a Ph.D. in statistics 322 00:15:31,016 --> 00:15:31,978 to be an expert in yourself. 323 00:15:31,978 --> 00:15:33,609 You don't have to have a medical degree 324 00:15:33,609 --> 00:15:35,735 to be your body's expert. 325 00:15:35,735 --> 00:15:38,764 Medical doctors, they're experts on the population, 326 00:15:38,764 --> 00:15:41,432 but you are the expert on yourself. 327 00:15:41,432 --> 00:15:43,222 And so when the two of you come together, 328 00:15:43,222 --> 00:15:45,312 when two experts come together 329 00:15:45,312 --> 00:15:48,107 the two of you are able to make a better decision 330 00:15:48,107 --> 00:15:50,107 than just your doctor alone. 331 00:15:50,107 --> 00:15:53,874 Now that you understand the power of information 332 00:15:53,874 --> 00:15:55,745 that you can get through personal data collection, 333 00:15:55,745 --> 00:15:59,414 I'd like you all to stand and raise your right hand. 334 00:15:59,414 --> 00:16:01,973 (Laughter) 335 00:16:01,973 --> 00:16:04,093 Yes, get it up. 336 00:16:06,771 --> 00:16:14,239 I challenge you to take ownership of your data 337 00:16:14,239 --> 00:16:17,241 and today, I hereby confer upon you 338 00:16:17,241 --> 00:16:21,586 a TEDx associate's degree in elementary statistics 339 00:16:21,586 --> 00:16:26,030 with a concentration in time dependent data analysis 340 00:16:26,030 --> 00:16:29,743 with all the rights and privileges appertaining thereto. 341 00:16:29,743 --> 00:16:33,219 And so the next time you are in your doctor's office. 342 00:16:33,219 --> 00:16:36,410 As newly inducted statisticians, 343 00:16:36,410 --> 00:16:38,920 what should always be your response? 344 00:16:38,920 --> 00:16:40,752 Show me the data! I can't hear you... 345 00:16:40,752 --> 00:16:42,520 Show me the data! 346 00:16:42,520 --> 00:16:43,828 One more time... 347 00:16:43,828 --> 00:16:45,367 Show me the data! 348 00:16:45,367 --> 00:16:46,549 Show me the data. 349 00:16:46,549 --> 00:16:49,570 Thank you. 350 00:16:49,570 --> 00:16:54,370 (Applause)