[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.79,0:00:33.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--Hello everyone. I'm Joanne Faryon.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.03,0:00:35.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Welcome to this Envision special
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.17,0:00:36.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Life In Prison
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.99,0:00:42.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,About one in five of all inmates in California are serving life sentences.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.08,0:00:48.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Combined, they could potentially cost taxpayers in this state $140 billion
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.47,0:00:50.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the course of their sentences.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.48,0:00:55.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lifers are getting more expensive because they're aging in prison and rarely paroled.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.50,0:00:59.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's all adding up to record health care costs for inmates.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.17,0:01:04.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tonight, we explore the cost of California's tough on crime legislation.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.30,0:01:09.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's lead to so much overcrowding in state prisons the federal courts have stepped in.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.67,0:01:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'll meet some lifers - men who were sent to prison
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.40,0:01:16.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when Lyndon B. Johnson was president and they're still there.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.48,0:01:21.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not a report on whether they should be paroled - it is an examination
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.65,0:01:25.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of how much it costs to lock people up and rarely let them out.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.78,0:01:30.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Especially when locking them up means you're responsible for their healthcare.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.64,0:01:50.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At first glance this could look like a nursing home.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.61,0:01:54.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The wheelchairs and walkers have a way of fooling you.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.63,0:02:09.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the California Medical Facility, one of California's 33 prisons.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.08,0:02:12.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CMF operates the largest prison hospital.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.47,0:02:18.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is where many of the states old, sick and dying inmates will end up.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.69,0:02:23.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And these days, those old and sick inmates are growing in number.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.91,0:02:47.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,California faces a problem that touches nearly every aspect of society -
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.33,0:02:53.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from our economy to our safety to our health - one that forces us to take sides
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.12,0:02:55.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between punishment and redemption.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.55,0:02:58.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have too many men and women in our prisons.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.29,0:03:03.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The statistics say so and so did a federal court in 2002.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.41,0:03:09.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are 170,000 inmates in prisons that were built for 100,000.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.93,0:03:12.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One in five serving life sentences.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.22,0:03:15.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,TERRY CAMPBELL (Inmate): My name is Terry Campbell.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.30,0:03:21.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm in prison for murder, first-degree murder, and I've been in prison for 44 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.50,0:03:27.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,GLENDA VIRGIL (Inmate): "My name is Glenda Virgil, and I'm serving a 15 to life sentence.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.89,0:03:30.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've been here 23 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.43,0:03:31.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--And how old are you?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.78,0:03:33.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I'm 63 years old.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.53,0:03:38.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,RICHARD LAURENZANO (Inmate): Being 62 in prison is a struggle, it's a struggle.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.42,0:03:39.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--Why?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.37,0:03:47.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all the reflection of losing 27 years of your life but you get sicker.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.04,0:03:51.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--Richard Lauranzano represents the fastest growing segment
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.90,0:03:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the inmate population: men over 50.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.12,0:03:57.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's also among the most expensive.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.50,0:04:02.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's been sick and has been treated at hospitals outside the prison system.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.56,0:04:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,LAURENZANO: I had cancer about four years ago, stage 4.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.34,0:04:11.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The prison system saved my life.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.20,0:04:15.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They sent me to outside hospitals they never hesitated.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.37,0:04:18.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--Glenda Virgil has had surgery.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.51,0:04:21.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,VIRGIL: I've had major back surgery.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.37,0:04:29.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was in the hospital with two guards 24 hours a day for 11 days.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.12,0:04:31.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can't imagine what that cost.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.83,0:04:37.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that just for the guards alone I would imagine that was over $200
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.24,0:04:44.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know because that 2 guards - because I'm a lifer - 2 guards for 24 hours everyday.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.78,0:04:48.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--Terry Campbell has had seven operations.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.30,0:04:50.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CAMPBELL: My back.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.79,0:04:55.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My shoulders because I broke bones in both my back and shoulders.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.82,0:05:00.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My hand, twice.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.20,0:05:07.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CLARK KELSO: We're dealing with a corrections population that is aging in prison.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.02,0:05:11.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--Clark Kelso is in charge of health care in California's prisons.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.78,0:05:20.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we've seen explosion in Cardiovascular problems, and that a lot of Diabetes,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.02,0:05:26.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have the results of Hepatitis C, there was ephydemic exposure in the 80's,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.40,0:05:28.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we began to see the results of that now.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.74,0:05:32.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have a lot of inmates who have very serious liver disease
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.46,0:05:35.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the result of an abuse of drugs and alcohol.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.45,0:05:43.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they're all at the age now where you have those issues plus other chronic conditions
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.26,0:05:46.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that simply require a different type of care.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.72,0:05:49.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--A federal judge made Kelso a receiver
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.83,0:05:54.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and put him in charge when a court ruled inmates did not have access to health care
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.59,0:06:00.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and mental health services because California's prisons were so over crowded.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.23,0:06:04.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The court ruled lack of health care was cruel and unusual punishment
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.91,0:06:08.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and violated inmates' constitutional rights.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.05,0:06:12.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A panel of federal judges has since ordered California to come up with a plan
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.74,0:06:17.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to reduce its prison population by 40,000 inmates.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.56,0:06:23.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Both decisions forced the state to confront its overcrowding problem and challenged the public
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.58,0:06:27.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to contemplate the health care debate in a whole new way.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.69,0:06:33.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we as a country can't decide whether health care is a right for all free citizens -
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.20,0:06:37.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why is it so easily determined as a right for convicted criminals?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.85,0:06:41.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a question Clark Kelso has been asked many times.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.50,0:06:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,KELSO: The technical legal answer is there's a huge difference
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.42,0:06:52.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between government's responsibility to you a citizen, a free citizen,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.14,0:06:57.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and government's responsibility to someone that government is incarcerating.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.37,0:07:03.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once you have incarcerated someone, government has a constitutional obligation
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.34,0:07:10.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,under the 8th amendment to provide certain levels of acre
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.27,0:07:12.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that what the state has to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.42,0:07:15.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--Since the receivership assumed control of health care
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.19,0:07:20.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in prisons three years ago spending on medical treatment for inmates has almost doubled -
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.46,0:07:26.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from just over one billion dollars a year to nearly two billion dollars.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.71,0:07:30.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that budget will increase if the state is to continue providing health care
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.58,0:07:33.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to its growing geriatric population.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.63,0:07:36.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One independent report projects the number of men
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.54,0:07:43.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in California prisons over age 60 will triple by 2018.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.07,0:07:49.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,KELSO: The state of California and the people of California have made consistent judgments
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.33,0:07:55.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that certain types of crimes or certain patterns of criminal conduct need to be punished
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.82,0:08:06.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with life in prison and that's a judgment that has to be respected from my perspective is
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.50,0:08:12.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that needs to realize those decisions come with a cost
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.43,0:08:18.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you can't have a prison population 16 or 20 per cent of which in a maybe a decade
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.38,0:08:24.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to are going to be 55 and older, you can't do that unless you're willing
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.27,0:08:30.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to devote a very substantial portion of the general fund to their health care
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.23,0:08:33.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because those aging prisoners are going
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.12,0:08:36.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have health care needs that are very expensive to meet.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.80,0:08:41.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--There are about 35,000 lifers in California prisons.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.05,0:08:46.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Using government statistics, KPBS calculated how much money the state pays
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.20,0:08:49.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to imprison inmates for a life sentence.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.27,0:08:57.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If Inmate X is incarcerated at age 37, he costs taxpayers about $49,000 a year.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.09,0:09:01.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But as he ages, his health care expenses will increase.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.25,0:09:07.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At age 55, he could cost the state $150,000 a year.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.14,0:09:11.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If he lives until he's 77, he will cost California taxpayers
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.43,0:09:15.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as much $4 million to keep him in prison for life.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.38,0:09:33.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: So, when you were first convicted and sent to prison did you expect to still be
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.14,0:09:35.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in prison when you were sixty-five?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.33,0:09:37.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CAMPBELL: No, not at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.59,0:09:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, I believed the hype that if you change while you're in prison and prove to us
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.80,0:09:50.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you're capable of functioning in society by doing the programs that we provide,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.88,0:09:56.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,showing us that you've rehabilitated and the CDC staff supports
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.09,0:09:59.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that effort, then you will be paroled.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.55,0:10:01.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--Lifers rarely get parole.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.99,0:10:07.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2008, 7,303 lifers were up for parole.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.53,0:10:10.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The board granted 294.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.10,0:10:15.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the governor has the right to reverse those decisions or send them back for review.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.11,0:10:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2008 Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger denied 81 lifers parole
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.98,0:10:23.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sent more than 30 cases back for review.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.51,0:10:26.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fewer than 60 inmates were released.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.43,0:10:32.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The year before even fewer were paroled and in 2006, fewer still.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.56,0:10:44.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,--To understand why Californians developed this tough on crime mantra,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.42,0:10:47.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to go back to the days of Charles Manson.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.54,0:10:50.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the time homicide rates were on the rise -
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.52,0:10:54.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nearly doubling from the mid sixties to the late 70's.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.78,0:11:00.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,HARRIET SALARNO: Because the high crime,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.33,0:11:06.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,murder was on the rampage and people were getting furious.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.27,0:11:11.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: Harriet Salarno was raising a family in San Francisco at the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.87,0:11:14.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She and her husband owned an electronics store.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.92,0:11:19.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They kept a gun because stores like theirs were often the target of robberies.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.77,0:11:25.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was the gun her daughter's killer would use in 1979.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.28,0:11:29.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,SALARNO: And he shot her and murdered her execution style.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.82,0:11:40.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he went up to his dorm didn't call any help or anything watched her try to call and she died
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.05,0:11:45.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and finally another student found her and it was too late.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.15,0:11:48.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: When Salarno learned her daughter's killer was up for parole
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.74,0:11:52.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after just serving 10 years, she began a life-long campaign
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.58,0:11:56.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for tougher sentencing laws and stricter parole policies.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.29,0:12:02.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Her victims rights group raises enough money to employ a full time lobbyist in Sacramento.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.65,0:12:07.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,SALARNO: Public safety is in our constitution
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.28,0:12:12.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's the priority and it must be served first.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.37,0:12:16.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We will back right there lobbying as heavy
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.28,0:12:27.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we can every morning we will have a new case we will be able to discuss with a legislator
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.14,0:12:34.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because somebody was murdered it will be on the morning news as it is every morning.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.46,0:12:37.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's their obligation.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.91,0:12:41.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their obligation as legislators is to do this.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.84,0:12:47.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: Dozens of changes to sentencing laws in the last few decades have all contributed
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.16,0:12:50.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to California's highest rate of lifers in prison.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.49,0:12:55.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two of the most significant, are determinate sentencing in 1977,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.24,0:13:00.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which imposed minimum sentences, and three strikes in 1994,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.53,0:13:04.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which allowed repeat offenders to be sentenced to life.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.02,0:13:06.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,LINDA: My sentence is 15 to life.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:06.20,0:13:07.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: And you've been here how long?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.82,0:13:09.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,LINDA: I'm in my 24th year.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.41,0:13:12.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: And Glenda?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.74,0:13:16.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,VIRGIL: Fifteen to life, plus two for a gun allocation.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.94,0:13:21.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I've been here for 23 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.28,0:13:22.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: And Marylinn?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.18,0:13:27.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,MARYLINN: Mine is 15 to life for second-degree murder and I've been down 25.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.34,0:13:32.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: At the California Institution for Women in Corona California, a group of inmates,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.95,0:13:38.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all convicted murderers, all women, talk about what its like to grow old in prison.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.49,0:13:42.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,LINDA: The change is for me my health.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.34,0:13:51.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My health has declined and the getting around that I don't have anymore.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.74,0:13:55.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't think that I'd ever grow old.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.07,0:14:01.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That my hips wouldn't work, that I couldn't get down or get up anymore, or my legs.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.72,0:14:06.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,MARYLINN: And never in my life did I think I'd be sitting in prison and going,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.14,0:14:09.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wow I'm 70 years old and I don't even have a retirement plan.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.52,0:14:12.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't have to go to work everyday because that's the program.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.14,0:14:14.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what you have to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.40,0:14:18.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or that I would have lost my whole family behind these circumstances.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.54,0:14:21.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That I would no longer have a family to reach out to.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.74,0:14:25.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: The women are part of a group called the Golden Girls,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.29,0:14:29.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inmates over 55 who are granted special privileges
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.04,0:14:31.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a double mattress on their metal cots.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:31.43,0:14:33.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they're first in line during meals.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:33.98,0:14:35.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this is still prison.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.68,0:14:37.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there are rules.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.29,0:14:41.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like getting down on the floor when an alarm sounds.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.11,0:14:42.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This happened while we were there.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.60,0:14:48.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,59-year-old Linda can barely make it down or back up again.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.77,0:14:53.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DR. JOSEPH BICK: Prisons weren't built to make it easy
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.73,0:14:56.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for mobility-impaired people to get around.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.77,0:15:03.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prisons were built to safely incarcerate individuals whoa re sent away
Dialogue: 0,0:15:03.26,0:15:05.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and keep them from escaping.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.63,0:15:10.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we're trying to deal with things how do you accommodate activities of daily living
Dialogue: 0,0:15:10.77,0:15:14.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of somebody who's in their 60s, 70s, and 80s.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.15,0:15:18.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Simple things like getting their clothes on, going to the bathroom,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.80,0:15:22.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ambulating down the hallway to the dining halls.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.76,0:15:25.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Having enough time to eat.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:25.47,0:15:28.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Having more than 15 minutes to consume a meal.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:28.81,0:15:33.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: Dr. Joseph Bick has been working as a prison doctor for 20 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:33.50,0:15:38.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He tends to patients at CMF's hospital and the prison hospice,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.30,0:15:41.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where he's held the hand of many dying inmates.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:41.50,0:15:45.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DR. JOSEPH BICK: I'm not privy to inmates' commitment offenses as a clinician,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:45.67,0:15:48.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's something I'm not particularly interested in knowing.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:48.53,0:15:52.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact I endeavour to not know because I think my job is
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.10,0:15:57.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to provide the best quality of health care I can.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:57.07,0:16:01.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I'm human too and I don't want to run the risk of being influenced
Dialogue: 0,0:16:01.75,0:16:09.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by knowledge of someone's commitment offense.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.71,0:16:18.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: We met two inmates in the prison hospice on the day of our visit.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:18.50,0:16:22.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Angelo Chavez has end-stage liver disease.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.10,0:16:28.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ANGELO CHAVEZ: I was hoping they would give me a compassionate release
Dialogue: 0,0:16:28.33,0:16:34.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's what I'm waiting for, to see if I can go home to my family.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:34.41,0:16:38.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: Chavez is a three striker and serving a life sentence.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.49,0:16:42.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His convictions include drug possession, robbery and manslaughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:42.66,0:16:48.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CHAVEZ: I would love to go home and die out there, than to die here.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:48.50,0:16:50.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: We also met Brian Long.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:50.88,0:16:54.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He has cancer and is expected to live another three months.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.61,0:17:00.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1993, Long was convicted of having sex with a minor and served six years.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:00.14,0:17:06.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2003 he was sentenced to 11 years for a second sexual offense against a child.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:06.24,0:17:10.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In California, inmates can be released for compassionate reasons
Dialogue: 0,0:17:10.51,0:17:13.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they have less than six months to live.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.25,0:17:17.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Last year there were 57 requests.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:17.62,0:17:19.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Three were granted by the courts.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:19.59,0:17:23.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DR. JOSEPH BICK: People have very strong opinions on all sides
Dialogue: 0,0:17:23.06,0:17:29.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of this discussion you certainly have people who have been victims or their family members
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.38,0:17:35.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of some very heinous crimes from some of the people who live in this facility.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:35.59,0:17:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they strongly feel that it doesn't matter how old somebody gets or how sick they get
Dialogue: 0,0:17:41.08,0:17:46.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or what they're likelihood of reoffending is they should spend the rest
Dialogue: 0,0:17:46.04,0:17:47.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their life in prison.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:47.23,0:17:50.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: But Dr. Bick says we can't deny them health care.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.87,0:17:55.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only is it the law, it is also a matter of public health.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:55.45,0:18:00.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DR. JOSEPH BICK: With so many people incarcerated we choose as a society
Dialogue: 0,0:18:00.23,0:18:05.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to incarcerate people that come to us with such an incredible burden of disease,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.06,0:18:09.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,HIV and hepatitis and tuberculosis and mental illness
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.34,0:18:14.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and substance abuse whoa re someday going to go home, to me the tragedy is
Dialogue: 0,0:18:14.65,0:18:18.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to somehow ignore them an put them off there and assume
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.27,0:18:21.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they're incarcerated they don't matter or they're not going
Dialogue: 0,0:18:21.96,0:18:26.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to somehow impact upon the general health at time of release.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:26.77,0:18:33.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: And how do you see your life playing out then here as you age?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:41.89,0:18:45.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CAMPBELL: I'll just grow old and eventually I'll die.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:45.34,0:18:48.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't see it as - you know I'm well adapted.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:48.77,0:18:50.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Institutionalized, if you will.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:50.77,0:18:57.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I don't see a problem just existing.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:57.25,0:19:00.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eventually I wont be able to function anymore and eventually I'll end
Dialogue: 0,0:19:00.29,0:19:03.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,up in a hospital and eventually I'll die.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:05.22,0:19:09.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in the meantime it's going to cost the state an awful lot of money to take care of me.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:09.59,0:19:14.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: Terry Campbell was convicted in 1966 of murder during an armed robbery.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:14.82,0:19:21.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He has two other convictions from 1968 and 1973, both while incarcerated.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:21.41,0:19:25.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He told KPBS he was mixed up with prison gang violence.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:25.33,0:19:32.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since that time Campbell has earned two college degrees FARYON:
Dialogue: 0,0:19:32.44,0:19:37.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's your biggest fear about growing old in prison?
Dialogue: 0,0:19:43.80,0:19:51.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CAMPBELL: I don't know if it's a fear, but my biggest concern about growing old in prison is
Dialogue: 0,0:19:51.92,0:19:56.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I went through all the trouble - on a personal level I went through all the trouble
Dialogue: 0,0:19:56.95,0:20:12.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to change, to become a different person and now I don't know
Dialogue: 0,0:20:12.09,0:20:16.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for what reason other than personal satisfaction.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:16.54,0:20:18.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can't give anything back.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:18.64,0:20:21.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,VIRGIL: And being alone.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:22.48,0:20:33.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dying alone where there isn't anyone who cares about you or knows you.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:33.67,0:20:39.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: Glenda Virgil was convicted of second-degree murder in 1987 for shooting
Dialogue: 0,0:20:39.61,0:20:41.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and killing the man with whom she had been involved.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:41.87,0:20:45.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She told KPBS she had been a battered woman.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:45.13,0:20:47.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,LAURANZANO: They didn't give you life without,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:47.06,0:20:51.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they didn't give you the death penalty they gave you 25 to life or 15 to life
Dialogue: 0,0:20:51.41,0:20:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that means you get out at some point.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:54.10,0:20:58.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you do everything they say you should get out and be a functioning member of society.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:58.42,0:21:02.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: Richard Lauranzano was convicted of seven counts
Dialogue: 0,0:21:02.24,0:21:10.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of sexual assault with children under 14 in 1984.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:10.65,0:21:15.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While in prison he was also convicted of murder in connection.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:15.47,0:21:26.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He is serving a 50-year sentence but is eligible for parole in 2013.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:26.02,0:21:33.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lauranzano's cancer is in remission, but he has heart trouble
Dialogue: 0,0:21:33.82,0:21:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and is consulting with experts about surgery.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:39.52,0:21:43.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,GOVERNOR: 30 years ago 10% of the general fund went
Dialogue: 0,0:21:43.99,0:21:48.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to higher education and only 3% went to prisons.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:48.73,0:21:56.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today almost 11% goes to prisons and only 7.5% goes to higher education.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:56.71,0:22:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Spending 45% more on prisons than universities is no way to proceed into the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:06.00,0:22:14.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: But it will be a difficult ship to turn given California's 30-year history of support
Dialogue: 0,0:22:14.10,0:22:22.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for longer prison sentences and this administration's record of denying parole.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:22.95,0:22:31.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Plans to build a new billion-dollar prison to house old inmates who need chronic care
Dialogue: 0,0:22:31.37,0:22:35.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and inmates who need mental health services are now underway.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:35.14,0:22:37.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There isn't room for them anywhere else.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:37.47,0:22:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Clark Kelso is also looking at ways to get his outside hospital costs down.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:41.92,0:22:49.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Last year the state spent 500 million dollars on those visits - about 1,000 very sick
Dialogue: 0,0:22:49.36,0:22:52.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and dying inmates accounted for most of that cost.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:52.73,0:22:55.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,KELSO: There are solutions I think the legislature
Dialogue: 0,0:22:55.70,0:23:00.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the people need o become more comfortable with such as medical parole or other types
Dialogue: 0,0:23:00.79,0:23:05.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of programs that will get these unhealthy inmates these again inmates
Dialogue: 0,0:23:05.14,0:23:10.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who don't pose very much threat to the public in terms of recidivism very good numbers there,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:10.81,0:23:16.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have to come to a better public understanding in California
Dialogue: 0,0:23:16.13,0:23:19.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with how to take care of those inmates.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:19.44,0:23:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: Kelso has been in talks with officials, including the governor's office,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:26.00,0:23:30.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about releasing some inmates to privately run secure nursing homes.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:30.16,0:23:34.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,According to government statistics, people over 55 have less
Dialogue: 0,0:23:34.33,0:23:38.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than a four per cent recidivism rate which means they are the least likely of all inmates
Dialogue: 0,0:23:38.94,0:23:41.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to commit another offense and return to prison.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:41.66,0:23:48.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And once released from state run prisons, it's likely they'd be eligible
Dialogue: 0,0:23:48.69,0:23:51.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for federal health care subsidies.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:51.14,0:23:53.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,KELSO: One way or another health care needs
Dialogue: 0,0:23:53.90,0:23:57.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of these people are going to be paid for by somebody.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:57.36,0:24:01.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: Should a life sentence mean a life sentence in California?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:01.67,0:24:04.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If they're not rehabilitated absolutely.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:04.32,0:24:08.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,HARRIET: What are you going to do with them if you let them out?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:08.97,0:24:11.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where are they going to go?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:11.87,0:24:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What are you going to do with them?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:14.38,0:24:18.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're going to say they're not going to commit a crime if they can't get a job
Dialogue: 0,0:24:18.08,0:24:27.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you're talking maybe 65 they need to make some income and they cant get a job
Dialogue: 0,0:24:27.38,0:24:32.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they have no place to live what are they going to do they're going
Dialogue: 0,0:24:32.86,0:24:36.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to rob somebody's home, where are they going to get the money.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:36.20,0:24:42.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You just don't open the door here's your $200 go get the bus.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:42.61,0:24:45.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: Do you ever think you will get out?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:45.34,0:24:47.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CAMPBELL: No.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:47.37,0:24:47.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No I don't.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:47.97,0:24:59.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That saying about it doesn't really matter where you are, but it always matters who you are?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:59.08,0:25:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, that applies.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:00.00,0:25:11.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That applies to a lot of us that are in prison because there are a lot of lifers who came
Dialogue: 0,0:25:11.46,0:25:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to prison, who didn't get into trouble like I got into trouble
Dialogue: 0,0:25:20.66,0:25:28.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I came to prison, who are still here.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:28.18,0:25:37.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they're sitting around wondering, well what do I have to do?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:37.04,0:25:42.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do I have to do to get out of prison?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:42.47,0:25:48.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do I prove myself and who do I prove myself to?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:48.93,0:25:53.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there's no answer.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:53.27,0:26:16.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FARYON: You can learn more about this issue by going to our website, kpbs.org/prisons.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:16.18,0:26:25.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you can also leave a comment.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:25.28,0:26:30.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'd love to hear from you.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:30.33,0:26:45.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For KPBS, I'm Joanne Faryon, thanks for watching.